2024-2025学年高中英语Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernhero测评课后习题含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE第五单元测评(时间:120分钟满分:150分)主题语境:人与社会第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前,你都有5秒钟的时间阅读题目;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。M:Sorry,IhaveforgottenJohn’saddress.W:Youforgotagain!It’s1343Street.1.What’sJohn’saddress?A.1434Street.B.1344Street.C.1343Street.答案:CM:Ineedsomestampsandsomeenvelopesaswell.W:Willyousteprightovertothesecondwindow,please?2.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Onabus.B.Onthesteps.C.Inapostoffice.答案:CM:Yourskirtisquitebeautifulincolour,isn’tit?W:Yes,Iboughtitatasaleforhalfprice.Itcostme$12.3.Howmuchshouldtheskirthavecost?A.$24.B.$12.C.$6.答案:AM:IhopeIcanseeyouatmybirthdayparty.W:Oh,dear,I’vealmostforgotten.Whenisit?M:Well,thedayafterAprilFools’Day.Easytoremember,isn’tit?4.Whenistheman’sbirthday?A.April1st. B.April2nd. C.April3rd.答案:BM:IhearyouaregoingtodrivetoNewYorkthisweekend.W:Oh,I’vechangedmymind.M:What?W:Ithinkflyingwillbemorecomfortable.5.HowwillthewomangettoNewYork?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byairplane.答案:C其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。M:Excuseme,madam.I’mwonderingifyoucouldtellmetheplacewhereIcanrepairmyshoes?W:There’soneontheFifthStreet.M:Thankyou,buthowfarisittothatstore?W:Notveryfaranditisnotdifficulttofind.Justkeepwalkingandaftertwoblocksyouwillseeasupermarketonyourleft.Thestoreisnexttothesupermarket.M:Oh,thankyouverymuch.W:You’rewelcome.Youwon’tmissit,youngman.6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Tohavehisshoesmended.B.Tobuyapairofnewshoes.C.Todotheshoppinginasupermarket.答案:A7.Howfaristhesupermarket?A.Twoblocksaway.B.Fiveblocksaway.C.Sixblocksaway.答案:A8.Howwillthemangettotheplace?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Inhiscar.答案:B听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。M:What’sthematter,Alice?W:Sorry,Mr.Harrison.Imissedmytrain.M:Whydidyoumissyourtrain?W:BecauseIlefthomealittlelate.M:Didyougetuplateorsomething?W:No.Myauntcalledmeatthelastminute.M:Tellhernottocallyouinthemorning.W:Iwill,Mr.Harrison.I’mreallysorryforbeinglate.M:Ifyouarelateagain,Iwon’tletyoupassforthisclass.9.What’stherelationship(关系)betweenthetwospeakers?A.Secretaryandboss.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.答案:B10.Whywasshelate?A.Herauntcalledhertogetuplate.B.Shemissedthebus.C.Shegotatelephonecall.答案:C11.Whatcanweknowabouttheteacher?A.Heisstrictwithhisstudents.B.Heiscoldtohisstudents.C.Hegetsangryeasily.答案:A听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。M:Whatseemstobethematter?W:Ijustcan’tsleepwell,doctor.M:Isee.Andhowlonghaveyouhadthisproblem?W:Oh,forabouttwoweeksnow.M:Twoweeks.Doyouhaveheadaches?W:Sometimes.M:Fever?W:No.M:Areyouhavinganyfamilyproblems?W:No,notreally.Weallgetalongprettywell.M:Andhowaboutyourwork?W:Well,I’vebeenworkingalotlately—morethan11hoursaday.M:Maybeyoushouldtakeavacationandjustrestforafewdays.W:Well,Ican’trightnow.We’reinthemiddleofsomeimportantbusiness.M:Yes,Iunderstand,butyoureallyneedtoslowdown.You’regoingtokillyourselfifyougoonlikethis.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inacompany.B.Inafactory.C.Inahospital.答案:C13.Whycan’tthewomansleepwell?A.Becauseshehasbeenworkingtoohard.B.Becauseshehasafamilyproblem.C.Becauseshehasahighfever.答案:A14.Whatdoesthedoctorsuggestthatthewomanshoulddo?A.Sheshouldtakesomemedicine.B.Sheshouldtakeholidays.C.Sheshouldchangeajob.答案:B听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。M:Whatalotofrubbishandwaste!Ijustwonderhowpeoplecandealwiththesethingseveryday.W:Don’tworry.Therearemanywaysofdealingwiththem.Theotherday,Iheardthatarubbishplantisbeingbuiltnearourtown.M:Arubbishplant?Toproducerubbishortodealwithrubbish?W:Todealwithrubbish,ofcourse.M:Howmuchrubbishcanitdealwitheveryday?W:Maybe3,000tons,Iamnotsure.M:Ourtownwillbecomecleaneraftertheplantisbuilt.W:Ihopeso.15.Whereistheplant(工厂)beingbuilt?A.Farawayfromthetown.B.Notfarawayfromthetown.C.Northofthetown.答案:B16.Whatistheplantbuiltfor?A.Producingtrucks.B.Producingrubbish.C.Dealingwithrubbish.答案:C17.Whatcanyouconcludeaccordingtothedialogue?A.Howtodealwithrubbishisabigproblemintheirtown.B.Theyhopethatanotherrubbishplantwillbesetupintheirtown.C.Theplantcanatleastdealwith3,000tonsofrubbisheveryday.答案:C听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。Youaskmeaboutmyhometown,sonowI’dliketotellyousomethingaboutit.IliveinBrighton,whichisnotaverybigtown.Ithasapopulationofaround300,000.Itisonthecoastabout50milesfromLondon.Ofcourseitisn’tasinterestingasLondonorParis.Buttheairisalotcleanerandbetter.Thereislittlepopulationthere.ThereareafewfactoriesinBrighton,butnotmany.Itisn’tveryeasytofindajobthere.Myfatherusedtoworkinasteelplantwhichshutdownayearagoandmyfatherlosthisjob.Buttherearealotofhotelsandlanguageschoolsinthetown.Insummerthetownisfulloftravellers.Myfatherdecidestoopenasmallshoptosellgifts.Butheisshortofmoney.Hehopesthathecanborrowsomemoneyfromthebank.18.WhereexactlyisBrighton?A.15milesfromLondon.B.50milesfromLondon.C.50milesfromParis.答案:B19.What’sthepopulationofBrighton?A.30,000. B.130,000. C.300,000.答案:C20.WhyaretherealotofhotelsinBrighton?A.Becausetherearealotofworkers.B.Becausetherearealotofstudents.C.Becausetherearealotoftravellers.答案:C其次部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AIwasreadingtheseinterestingstoriesbehindagroupofgreatlogosintheworld.PersonallyNikeismyfavoriteonebecauseit’ssosimple.AndIlikedthestoriesbehindthem,whichmademeforgetallotherthings.McDonald’s,Apple,Mercedes-BenzandAdidasowngreatlogosaswell,andtheyareamongmyfavorites.NikeIntheGreekmyth,Nikeisthegoddessofvictoryandthesourceofinspirationforsoldiers.ThislogorepresentsthewinginthefamousstatueoftheGreekgoddess.Nike’slogowasdesignedbyCarolynDavidsonin1971for$35,andwasregisteredasatrademark(商标)in1995.McDonald’sThelogowasdesignedin1962byJimSchindlertoresemblethearch-shapedsignsonthesideofthecompany’sthenwalk-uphamburgerstand.Lateron,thetwogoldenarcheswerecombinedtogethertoformtheM.TheMcDonald’snamewasaddedtothelogoin1968.AppleTherearedifferentstoriesbehindApple’slogo.Apple’sfirstlogo,designedin1976byRonWayne,describedSirIsaacNewtonsittingunderanappletree.Thislogodidn’tstaylongandwasalmostimmediatelyreplacedbygraphicdesignerRobJanoff’s“rainbowApple”,arainbow-coloredsilhouetteofanapplewithabitetakenoutofit.Andthentherainbow-coloredapplewasreplacedbytheone-coloredlogoin1998.Ithasnotbeenchangedsofar.Mercedes-BenzTheMercedes-Benzlogo,whichwasoriginallycreatedbyGottliebDaimlerandwasfirstusedin1909,consistsofasimpledescriptionofathree-pointedstarthatrepresentsitsaimformotorization:onland,waterandintheair.ThecompanywasfoundedbyGottliebDaimlerandWilhelmMaybach.AdidasTheAdidaslogo,whichwascreatedbythefounderofthecompanyAdiDassler,representsmountains,pointingtowardsthechallengesthatareseenaheadandthegoalsthatcanbeachieved.Thelogowasusedforthefirsttimein1967.【语篇导读】本文介绍了几个闻名的商标背后的故事,包括发展的过程以及每个商标所代表的含义。21.WhatdoesNike’slogostandfor?A.ThewingoftheGreekgoddess.B.Thesourceofinspirationforsoldiers.C.ThestatueoftheGreekgoddess.D.Thegoddessofvictory.答案:A解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“ThislogorepresentsthewinginthefamousstatueoftheGreekgoddess”可知,这个商标代表的是希腊女神Nike雕像上的翅膀,故A项正确。22.WecanlearnthatApple’spresentlogois.

A.thereligiousstoryofAdamandEveB.abittenapplewithonlyonecolorC.Newton’ssittingunderanappletreeD.therainbow-coloredbittenapple答案:B解析细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Andthentherainbow-coloredapplewasreplacedbytheone-coloredlogoin1998.Ithasnotbeenchangedsofar”可知,现在的苹果商标是一个只有一种颜色的被咬掉一块的苹果。故B项正确。23.Whichofthefollowingdescribestherightorderofthebirthofthegreatlogos?A.Mercedes-Benz→McDonald’s→Nike→AppleB.Nike→McDonald’s→Apple→Mercedes-BenzC.McDonald’s→Apple→Nike→Mercedes-BenzD.Nike→Mercedes-Benz→McDonald’s→Apple答案:A解析细微环节理解题。依据第五段的第一句可推知,梅赛德斯—奔驰商标的诞生时间在1909年之前;依据第三段第一句可知麦当劳商标被设计出来的时间是在1962年;依据其次段最终一句可知耐克商标被设计出来的时间是1971年;依据第四段其次句可知苹果商标首次被设计出来的时间是1976年。由此可知正确依次是A项。BManypeoplediscoverRoaldDahlthroughhisstoriesandpoems.Hisbookshavebeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.HehasalsoinspiredTVandradioshowsandmovies.Withhishelp,kidsallovertheworldcanimaginestrangecandies,friendlygiants,andfrighteningvillains(反派主角).Indeed,RoaldDahlledalifefullofadventures(冒险).Yet,wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofhimfromotherthings,too.MorethanJustWords:TheRoaldDahlFoundationRoaldDahlbecameinterestedinhelpingpeoplewhohadseriousinjuriesanddiseases.Asawriter,Roaldcaredabouthelpingchildrenreadmore.Tocarryoutthesegoals,hisfamilysetuptheRoaldDahlFoundation.Thefoundationhelpspeople,hospitals,andcharitiesbygivingmoneyformedicalandeducationalneeds.ItcontinuesthespiritofgivingthatRoaldexpressedthroughouthislife.StoriesforAllAges:TheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentreRoaldDahl’swife,FelicityDahl,wantedtosetupacentralplacetoprotectallofRoald’swritings.ShehelpedcreatetheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentreinBuckinghamshire,England.ItholdsacollectionofRoald’swritingsandrecordingsforthepublictovisit.Hispersonallettersandpostcardscanbefoundthere,aswellasphotographsandmanyofhisawards.Asyoucansee,onecangetaprettycompletepictureofRoaldDahl’slifebyvisitingthislibrary.Themuseumalsoencouragespeopletowritecreatively.Now,peopleofallagesarelearningaboutRoaldDahlthroughhisworks.Throughhisstories,thefoundation,andthemuseum,RoaldDahlwillcontinuetohaveagreateffectonreadersaroundtheworldforyearstocome.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国作家RoaldDahl除了写作之外的爱好和成就。24.ItcanbeinferredthatRoaldDahl.

A.producedmanymoviesB.masteredseverallanguagesC.travelledtomanycountriesD.wrotemanyadventurousstories答案:D解析推理推断题。本题A、B、C三项均曲解了文章意思。RoaldDahl的作品启发了很多电视、电台节目和电影,不等于他制作了很多电影;他的书被翻译成多种语言,不等于他精通多种语言;他的读者遍布全球,不等于他去过很多国家。从第一段列举的他的书中人物,以及“RoaldDahlledalifefullofadventures(冒险)”可推断出他写了很多冒险故事。故选D项。25.TheRoaldDahlFoundation.

A.wassetupbyRoaldDahlB.employsmanyfamousdoctorstocurediseasesC.helpssickkidsreadusefulbooksD.helpspeopleororganisationsforfree答案:D解析细微环节理解题。依据文章对RoaldDahl基金会的介绍可知,该基金会由Dahl一家成立,目的是帮助有严峻伤病的人,以及帮助孩子多读书。为了实现这两个目标,他们捐钱给医疗和教化项目。对比四个选项可知,只有D项符合文意。26.TheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentrewasbuiltto.

A.attractpublicvisitsB.keepRoaldDahl’sworksC.showRoaldDahl’sawardsD.givelessonsaboutwriting答案:B解析细微环节理解题。依据对TheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentre介绍的第一句可知,FelicityDahl创建该博物馆和故事中心的初衷就是保存Dahl的作品。故选B项。27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsRoaldDahl?A.Heisdisappointedinhim.B.Hethinkshighlyofhim.C.Heisfriendlytohim.D.Heiscrueltohim.答案:B解析观点看法题。本文字里行间都对RoaldDahl进行了高度评价。故选B项。CItwasanormalschooldayforseniorSolymarSolisuntilanunexpectedvisitorarrived.Herdad,Sgt.CarlosSolisMelendez,surprisedherbycominghomeearlyfromKuwaitandvisitingherunannouncedatSpringValleyHighSchoolinSouthCarolina.AfterservinginKuwaitforninemonths,Melendezreturnedhomeaweekearlierthanhisdaughterexpected.Heheldballoonsandflowersinaclassroomashesatatastudent’sdesktoblend(掺和)inwiththecrowd.“Itcametomymindlike‘Howisshegoingtoreact?’,”herecalledtheheartwarmingmoment.“Isshegoingtobehappyandruntomeandhugme,orcry?Thatwasallgoingonthroughmymind.”AsSolymarenteredtheclassroomasusual,shewassoonovercomewithemotion,immediatelyburstingintotearsandcoveringhermouth.Shedidn’ttalk.Shewasjustcrying.Shethoughtitwasadream.Melendezwasasingleparentsowhenhewasdeployed(调动),hegothissistertolivewithhisdaughter.Whenhewascomingbackandtalkingtohissister,bothofthemcametotheconclusionthattheyshoulddosomethingspecialforhisdaughter.Melendezandhissistergotintouchwiththeschool,andtheyplannedthiswholebeing-in-the-classroomthing,anditturnedoutperfect.Thetwoareverymuchlookingforwardtosomegooddaddy-daughtertimenowthathe’shome.“Itmeanseverything,”Melendezsaidofbeingabletosurprisehisdaughterinthisway.“Afterallthesacrifices(牺牲)she’smade,shedeservesallthespecialarrangementsandspecialoccasionsandcelebrations.I’lldoanythingformydaughter.IbelieveI’mdoinggoodparenting.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲解并描述了在姐姐和女儿学校的帮助下,一位在科威特工作的父亲提前回家在女儿的教室为她打算了一个惊喜的故事。28.HowdidSolymarfeelatfirstwhenenteringtheclassroom?A.Shewaseagertohugherfather.B.Shefelteverythingwasasusual.C.Shegotexcitedatseeingherfather.D.Shewassurprisedbywhatshesaw.答案:B解析细微环节理解题。依据第一段“ItwasanormalschooldayforseniorSolymarSolis...”中的“anormalschoolday”和第三段中的“AsSolymarenteredtheclassroomasusual...”可知,Solymar那天刚进入教室时感觉到一切如平常一样,故选项B正确。29.WhatwasMelendez’sattitudetothesurprise?A.Content. B.Astonished.C.Touched. D.Upset.答案:A解析推理推断题。依据第四段末句中的“...anditturnedoutperfect”和第五段中的“...shedeservesallthespecialarrangements...I’mdoinggoodparenting”可以推断出,这位父亲对这次为女儿打算的惊喜是特别满足的(content)。所以选项A正确。30.WhydidMelendezplanthesurpriseforSolymar?A.Togetinvolvedinherschoollife.B.Toshowhisconcernforherinaspecialway.C.Tobuildastrongemotionalbondwithher.D.Tomakeupforwhatshelostinhergrowth.答案:D解析推理推断题。依据第四段的描述可知,Solymar的父亲在外工作,把她托付给他的姐姐照看,这次提前回来并在他姐姐和学校的帮助下支配了这次特殊的见面。同时结合第五段父亲的话可以看出,他之所以这样做就是为了弥补(makeupfor)Solymar在成长过程中缺失的父爱。所以选项D正确。31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Father’sSelflessLoveforHisDaughterB.GirlExpectingtheReturningofHerDadC.GirlSurprisedatSchoolbyHerDad’sReturnD.FatherandDaughter’sExpectedReunion答案:C解析主旨大意题。依据全文的内容,尤其是首段第一句中的“untilanunexpectedvisitorarrived”以及末段中的“Melendezsaidofbeingabletosurprisehisdaughterinthisway.”可知,父亲为了给女儿一个惊喜,所以提前回家,并在女儿所在的教室细心打算了这次见面。所以选项C更加干脆,并具有概括性,因此适合作标题。DDoyousupposeDarwin,oneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,reallydidfools’experiments?Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?Sometimes,peoplethinktheyalreadyknowtheanswertoaquestionorthesolution(解决方法)toaproblem.Sometimes,theyreallydoknowananswerorasolution,butwithoutthinkingtheyareimportant.CharlesDarwindidn’tsettlefor(满足于)justthinkingheknewsomething.And,hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.Supposeyoudropsheetsofpaperthatareexactlythesamesizeandshape.Ifyoudropthematthesametimeinthesameplace,theywillfallinthesameway.Nowmakeoneofthesheetsofpaperintoatight(紧的)littleballandletitdropalongwiththeothersheet.Whathappens?Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumightthinkitcouldn’tbeworthanything.Butthissimpleexperimentisimportant.Itexplainspartofourpresent-dayunderstandingofsomephysicsideasthatwereworkedoutlongagobyGalileoandNewton.AndtheseunderstandingssetasidesomeofancientGreekphysics.

Sciencesometimesstopstolookatverysimplethingsandtothinkveryhardaboutthem.Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkisfoolish,canshakethefoundationsofscience.32.ThepassagetellsusthatCharlesDarwin.

A.wasagreatEnglishscientistB.alwayslikeddoingtheexperimentsthatothersthoughtdifficultC.thoughteventhesimplestthingwasimportantD.didn’tgetwellwithothers答案:C解析推理推断题。短文并没有强调说CharlesDarwin是一名宏大的科学家,可解除A项;由第三段Darwin的很多试验都看似很简洁,可把B项解除;文中没有论述Darwin与人相处的事情,可解除D项。由第三段中的“hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.”可推出答案:为C项。33.Theunderlinedphrase“setaside”mostprobablymeans“”.

A.throwaway B.storeupC.puttouse D.realize答案:A解析词义揣测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简洁试验是重要的,它说明了目前人们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些希腊物理学的观点。由此可推知setaside与throwaway同义。34.Theauthorofthepassagetriesto.

A.convinceusthatCharlesDarwin,GalileoandNewtonarethegreatestscientistsintheworldB.drawtheconclusionthatbasicsciencesaresimplethingsC.provethattwosheetsofpaper,withthesamesizeandshape,willfallatthesamespeedD.drawourattentiontoeverydayhappeningsaroundus答案:D解析主旨大意题。短文的最终一段点明最简洁的事情都可能摇动科学的根基,意在告知读者要留意身边的每一件事,哪怕它特别简洁。35.Whichoneofthefollowingistrue?A.Darwinreallydidfools’experiments.B.AccordingtosomepeopleDarwindidfoolishexperiments.C.Itisbelievedbyallpeoplethatthingscouldbeimportantthoughtheyseemedtobesimple.D.GalileoandNewtonworkedoutancientGreekphysics.答案:B解析细微环节理解题。短文第一段其次句“Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?”明确告知我们有些人认为Darwin做了愚蠢的试验。其次节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What’sapartheid(种族隔离制度)?Apartheidforcedwhiteandnon-whitepeopletoliveinseparateareas.Non-whitepeoplemeantblackpeople,peoplefromAsiaandpeopleofmixedrace.Awhitepersonandablackpersoncouldnotmarry.36Blackchildrenandwhitechildrenwenttodifferentschools.Sportsteamswereall-whiteorall-black,nevermixed.

Mandelamadeastand.MandelaandOliverTambosetupSouthAfrica’sfirstblacklawfirm.37MandelaledyoungpeopleintheANC.Manywhitepeople,aswellasblackpeople,spokeoutagainstapartheid.MandelaadmiredGandhi,whohadusedpeacefulprotestinIndia.Perhapspeacefulprotestcouldgetridofapartheid,withoutfighting.Buttospeakoutwasdangerous.38Afteratrial(审判)lastingfiveyears,hewassetfreein1961.

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In1960,peopleheldademonstrationagainstapartheidatSharpeville,nearJohannesburg.69blackpeoplewereshotdeadbythepolice.ThegovernmentblamedtheANC,andbannedit.ThenMandelabecameleaderofasecretarmy,knownasUmkhontoweSizweor“SpearoftheNation”.Hewashuntedbythepolice,andhadtohide.Hetravelledtoothercountriestoaskforhelp.Mandelawenttojail.In1961SouthAfricalefttheCommonwealth.Millionsofpeopleinothercountriessupportedtheantiapartheidmovement.ManynationsstoppedtradingwithSouthAfrica.Sportsteamsandentertainersrefusedtogothere.40In1962,NelsonMandelawasarrestedagain.In1964,aged46,hewasgivenalifesentence.

A.WhathappenedatSharpeville?B.Poorpeoplecametothemforhelp.C.Butstillthegovernmentrefusedtochange.D.HowdidpeoplerespondtoNelsonMandela?E.In1956,Mandelaand155otherpeoplewerearrestedfortreason(叛国罪).F.Manycoloredpeoplewereoutofjobandcouldhardlysupportthemselves.G.Blackpeopleandwhitepeoplecouldnotshareatableinarestaurant,orsittogetheronabus.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了曼德拉为了废除种族隔离制度而做的一系列斗争及遭受。36.G本段主要讲解并描述了什么是种族隔离制度,空处前后均介绍了种族隔离下的社会状况,G项“黑人和白人在餐馆不能同坐一张桌子,也不能在公交车上坐在一起”也与种族隔离制度相符,故选G项。37.B由上文语境“MandelaandOliverTambosetupSouthAfrica’sfirstblacklawfirm”可知,B项符合语境,意为“穷人找他们帮忙”,且B项中的them与上文提到的曼德拉二人相照应。38.E由上文语境“Buttospeakoutwasdangerous”及下文“Afteratrial(审判)lastingfiveyears,hewassetfreein1961”可推知,1956年曼德拉被捕了,故选E项。39.A空处为本段小标题。由本段内容可知,此处主要描述了在Sharpeville发生的事情,故选A项。40.C由上文各国、组织、人民的反对措施及下文“In1962,NelsonMandelawasarrestedagain”可知,政府依旧没有变更看法,故C项正确。第三部分语言学问运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.ThedayarrivedwhenIwastobetestedtoseeifIcould41toahigherlevelclass.

Fifteenofuswereto42swimmingfromonesideofthepooltotheotherandback.Iwatchedasmy43,onebyone,triedandfailed.Thenitwasmyturnto44,Imean,myturntoattempttopassthetest.ItwasabouthalfwaywhenIgot45.Iimmediatelystoppedand46thesideofthepool,endingmytest.Ourinstructor,acollegestudent,wasstanding47me.“Whydidyoustop?”heyelled,inalessthan48voice.“Igotwaterinmynose,”I49.

That’swhenthiscollegestudent50meoneoflife’sgreatlessons,51heprobablyneverrealizedthat.Bendingdown,heshouted,“So?”

“So?”The52shockedme.Ithadjustseemed53tomethattheanswertopainwastoremovethethingcausingthe54.Mynine-year-oldbrainhadnotunderstoodthefactthatavaluable55isworthachieving,howeverdifficulttogetthere.Recognizingthat,Iwas56nothingwouldkeepmefromcompletingthetest.Infact,Ididitrather57onmynextattempt.Seeingme58thetest,almostalltheothersdidsoaswell.

Lifeisajourney,andtheroadwon’t59beeasy.Wehavetofocusonthefinaldestination,notthe60alongtheroad.

【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者讲解并描述了自己九岁的时候游泳考试的一段经验。从这段经验中,作者相识到了这一点:有价值的目标是值得一个人为之努力和奋斗的。最终作者顺当通过了游泳考试。41.A.skip B.referC.advance D.add答案:C解析空处所在句子表示作者要参与游泳考试以便确认能否“升级到”更高一个层次的课程。advanceto“达到(某地等),前进到”,符合语境。42.A.taketurns B.insistonC.takerisks D.putoff答案:A解析依据onebyone可知,作者和同学们是“轮番”进行考试的,taketurnsdoingsth.“轮番做某事”,符合语境。insiston“坚持”;takerisks“冒险”;putoff“推迟”。43.Apetitors B.classmatesC.students D.instructors答案:B解析依据首段首句“Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.”可知,作者参与了一个游泳班,由此可知,作者观看的是“同班同学”轮番考试,所以答案:是petitor“竞争者”;student“学生”;instructor“指导者”。44.A.show B.leaveC.fail D.observe答案:C解析上文讲到,作者眼看着他的同学们一个跟着一个进行游泳考试,但都失败了,接下来,轮到自己“失败”了,所以答案:是fail。show“显示,显出”;leave“离开”;observe“视察”。45.A.injured B.blamedC.trapped D.choked答案:D解析依据下文中的“Igotwaterinmynose”可知,作者在游泳考试中被水“呛”着了,由此可知答案:是choked,choke“呛,窒息”,getchoked“被呛着了”。getinjured“受伤”;getblamed“被责怪”;gettrapped“被困住”。46.A.pushed B.pressedC.grabbed D.controlled答案:C解析作者被水呛到后立刻停止了游泳,“抓住”了泳池的边,结束了考试。grab“抓住”,符合语境。push“推”;press“按,压”;control“限制”。47.A.above B.belowC.beside D.beyond答案:A解析作者因为被水呛着而停止了游泳考试,抓住了泳池的边,此时,他的教练,一个高校生,正站在他的“上方”。作者在泳池里,教练应是站在游泳池边上,所以要用above,表示“在……上方”。below“在……下面”;beside“在……旁边”;beyond“超出(某个数量、水平或限度)”。48.A.surprised B.sympatheticC.annoyed D.cold答案:B解析作者因为被水呛着而停止了考试,抓住了泳池的边。结合下文可知,此时,教练用毫不“怜悯的”声音对作者喊:“你为什么不游了?”所以答案:是sympathetic“怜悯的”。surprised“惊讶的”;annoyed“苦恼的”;cold“冷淡的,不友好的”。49.A.explained B.reactedC.answered D.shouted答案:A解析当教练用毫不怜悯的声音质问作者为什么停止游泳的时候,作者“说明”说:“我的鼻子进水了。”所以答案:是explained“说明”。50.A.delivered B.owedC.taught D.promised答案:C解析teachsb.alesson是固定短语,意思是“给某人一个教训”,符合语境,所以答案:是taught。deliver“分送”;owe“欠”;promise“许诺”。51.A.sothat B.asifC.incase D.evenif答案:D解析作者感慨,这个高校生,也就是教练,给了他人生中一个很大的教训,“虽然”他(教练)很可能并没有意识到这一点。evenif“虽然,即使”,符合语境。sothat“以便”;asif“似乎”;incase“以防”。52.A.problem B.excuseC.question D.voice答案:C解析依据So可知,此处表示这个“问题”使作者很惊讶,所以答案:是blem“难题”;excuse“理由,借口”;voice“声音”。53.A.logical B.difficultC.different D.impossible答案:A解析在作者看来,解决苦痛的方法就是清除引起“不适”的事物,这似乎是“合乎逻辑的”,所以答案:是logical“合乎逻辑的”。54.A.disaster B.discomfortC.damage D.fear答案:B解析disaster“灾难”;discomfort“不舒适,不适”;damage“破坏,毁坏”;fear“胆怯 ”。B项符合情境。55.A.result B.advantageC.goal D.task答案:C解析作者九岁的脑袋此前还不明白这个事实:一个有价值的“目标”是值得实现的,无论实现它有多么难。goal“目标”,符合语境。result“结果”;advantage“优势,特长”;task“任务”。56.A.concerned B.sensitiveC.embarrassed D.sure答案:D解析作者意识到无论多么难,一个有价值的目标是值得实现的之后,“确信”什么也阻挡不了自己完成这次考试。sure“确信的,有把握的”,符合语境。concerned“担忧的”;sensitive“敏感的”;embarrassed“尴尬的”。57.A.slowly B.easilyC.clumsily D.eagerly答案:B解析作者在坚决了信念之后,在下一次的尝试中,很“轻易地”通过了考试,所以答案:是easily“简洁地,轻易地”。slowly“缓慢地”;clumsily“笨拙地”;eagerly“热切地,渴望地”。58.A.attend B.takeC.give D.pass答案:D解析依据其次段中的“myturntoattempttopassthetest”及该段中的“Ididitrather57onmynextattempt”可知选D项。

59.A.always B.sometimesC.ever D.seldom答案:A解析生活犹如一场旅行,道路不会“总是”平坦的。always“总是”;sometimes“有时候”;ever“曾经”;seldom“很少”。60.A.sights B.barriersC.surprises D.harvests答案:B解析我们要关注最终的目的地,而不是沿途的“障碍”。sight“景象”;barrier“障碍”;surprise“令人惊异的事物”;harvest“收获”。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AbrahamLincoln,61.isregardedasoneofAmerica’sgreatestheroes,becamethe16thPresidentofAmericainMarchof1861at62.ageof52.TheCivilWar63.(begin)onApril12,1861inSouthCarolinajustamonthafterLincolntookoffice.Lincolnwas64.(determine)tokee