2021年高考英语调研大一轮复习课时作业36Unit1AlandofdiversityB卷

课时作业36AlandofdiversityⅠ.阅读理解(安徽江淮十校联考)Nearly19percentofteachersofcolor(有色人种教师)lefttheirjobsafterthe2014—2015schoolyear.Someleftforpersonalreasonsliketakingcareoftheirfamilies.But50percentsaidtheyleftbecausetheyweredissatisfiedwiththeiremploymentsituation,suchaspoorworkingconditions,studentdisciplineproblemsandlargeclasssizes.Thus,takingimmediatemeasurestoimproveitisourtoppriority.Foryears,researchershaveprovedthebenefitsofincreasingtheshareofminorityteachersinschools,especiallyasourpublicschoolsystemhasturnedtoonethatismadeupmostlyofminoritystudents.Teachersofcolor,whoaremorelikelythantheirwhitecounterpartstochoosetoworkinraciallydiverseschools,offerparticularbenefitstotheirstudents.Graduationratesincreaseamongminoritystudentswhentheyaretaughtbyraciallysimilareducators,researchshows.Theycanalsoserveaspositiverolemodels,andtheirpresencereducesthechanceofracialdiscriminationatschool.TheShankerInstitutereportsuggeststhattherateofminorityteacherhiringisnotthewholeproblem.Theproblemiswhathappensaftertheseteachersentertheclassroom.Theseteachersoftenworkinhigh­povertyruralschools.Theyaremorelikelytohaveless­desirableworkingconditions.Diversityisakeycomponenttoequalityandopportunity.Wherethere'sadiverseteachingworkforce,allkidsthrive.Sosolutionsmustbefoundatoncetoturnthistrendaround.Firstly,schoolsshoulddevelopmentorshipprogramsthatsupportminorityteachersoncetheyareintheclassroom.Secondly,moremoneyshouldbespentinimprovingworkingconditionsintheseschools.Ofcourse,schoolheadmastersshouldalsobeevaluatedontheirabilitytoretainteachersofcolor.作者认为学校要留住有色人种教师，关键是要改善他们的工作条件。1．Amongteachersofcolorleavingtheirjobs,halfofthemquitbecause________.A．theyhadtotakecareoftheirchildrenB．theyhadtomovetootherplacesC．theyeventuallyfoundbetter­paidjobsD．theiremploymentsituationwasunsatisfactory答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“But50percentsaidtheyleftbecausetheyweredissatisfiedwiththeiremploymentsituation”可知是因为他们对工作环境状况不满意才辞职的。2．Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Thesolutionstoincreasinggraduationratesamongminoritystudents.B．Thebenefitsofincreasingtheshareofminorityteachersinschools.C．Thereasonsforteachersofcolorleavingtheirjobsinmanyschools.D．Thewaystodecreasethepossibilityofracialdiscriminationatschool.答案：B解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的第一句“Foryears,researchershaveprovedthebenefitsofincreasingtheshareofminorityteachersinschools,especiallyasourpublicschoolsystemhasturnedtoonethatismadeupmostlyofminoritystudents.”可知第二段主要讲的是增加少数民族教师在学校中的比例的好处。故答案为B。3．Whichofthefollowingcomponentsisvitaltoequalityandopportunity?A．Honesty. B．Variety.C．Ability. D．Safety.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Diversityisakeycomponenttoequalityandopportunity.”可知多样性是平等和机会的关键。根据句意可知选B。4．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwritingthepassage?A．Hefeltangryaboutthegovernment.B．Hewassatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.C．Hefeltiturgenttosolvetheproblem.D．Hedidn'tcareaboutdiverseteachingworkforce.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“takingimmediatemeasurestoimproveitisourtoppriority.”和最后一段第三句中“atonce”可知他觉得迫切需要解决这个问题。Ⅱ.阅读填句(重庆南开中学检测)Haveyoueverheardofabug(虫子)calledthecicada(蝉)?Well,aspecialkindofthesebugsliveundergroundintheUSformostoftheirlives.Theyhaveaninterestingbio­clock.__1__Every17years,billionsofthenoisyBroodVcicadaswillswarm(涌现)tonortheasternpartsoftheUS,includingNewYork,OhioandPennsylvania.__2__ButthereareusuallyalotlessofthemcomparedtotheBroodVcicadas.__3__AccordingtoDiscoveryNews,thesebugsstartedtheirlivesin1999.Andastheir17­yearlifecyclecomestoanend,theygoabovegroundwhentheirundergroundhomesgetwarmer—64degreesFahrenheit(about18℃)tobeexact.Thenthefemaleswilllayhundredsofeggsintrees.__4__Thebabycicadaswillgounderground,andthe17­yearlifecyclewillstartoveragain.Whiletheycanbekindofannoying,thesebugsdon'tharmhumans.__5__Thatsoundisthemalecicadasattractingthefemalecicadas.Besides,alargeamountoflaideggscansometimesharmsmalltreesandbushesbecausetherearesomanyofthe17­yearcicadas.However,afterthissummer,thesebugswillmostlymindtheirownbusinessuntil2033.A．Theyfeedonleavesandroots.B．Ittellsthemwhentogoaboveground.C．WhatmakestheBroodVcicadassospecial?D．Buttheydomakealotofnoiseduringtheirtimeaboveground.E．Afteraboutfourtosixweeks,themotherandfathercicadaswilldie.F．Foradifferentbroodofcicadas,matingseasonisjustaroundthecorner.G．Thereareotherkindsofcicadasthatcomearoundonceayearorevery13years.本文主要讲述了有一种蝉，每十七年就会大量涌向美国的地面。1．B解析：考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。根据上文可知这种蝉一生中大部分时间生活在美国的地下，但它们有一个有趣的生物钟，可以唤醒它们出现到地面上，故选B。2．G解析：考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。本空前面的内容说数十亿育雏V蝉涌现，空后说比它们少。G项(有其他种类的蝉，一年出现一次或每十三年出现一次)显然符合题意，形成对比。故选G项。3．C解析：考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。根据空后本段内容可知主要叙述这种蝉的生活特性。分析选项可知C项符合题意。故选C。4．E解析：考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。空后讲述幼虫到地下，十七年后又一个轮回，可知是生死轮回。分析选项可知E项符合题意，故选E。5．D解析：考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。分析空前内容可知蝉虽然对人类无害，但却让人生气。尤其是第一句中的“kindofannoying”，正与D项(但是它们在地上的时候确实发出很多噪音)相符合。故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空(陕西长安二中模拟)WhileGailObcamp,anAmericanartist,wasgivingaspeechontheartofbrushpaintingtoanaudiencethatincludedvisitorsfromJapan,shewasconfused__1__(see)thatmanyofherJapaneselistenershadtheireyes__2__(close).Weretheytryingtosignaltheirrejectionofher__3__(deliberate)?LaterObcampmade__4__clearthatinsteadofbeingdisrespectful,theywereshowingtheirrespectbychewingonherwords.Somedayyoumaybeeitheraspeakeroralistenerinasituation__5__(involve)peoplefromothercountries.Learningsignalsofrespectinvarious__6__(culture)backgroundscanhelpyouavoidmisunderstandings.Herearesomeexamples.InthedeafcultureofNorthAmerica,manylistenersshowapplausenotbyclappingtheirhandsbutbywaving__7__intheair.Insomeminoritygroups__8__Africa,peopleshowingrespectbylooking__9__(regard)asasignofapprovalinsomecountries,__10__，itisaformofrudenessinothercountries.1．to_see解析：考查动词不定式。beconfusedtodosth.“对做某事感到很迷惑”，所以这里用tosee。2．closed解析：考查非谓语动词。havesth.done“使某物……”，所以这里用closed。3．deliberately解析：考查副词。这里是副词放句末作状语。4．it解析：考查形式宾语。这里it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。5．involving解析：考查非谓语动词。这里involve与people之间是主动关系，所以需用动词­ing形式。6．cultural解析：考查形容词。由其后的backgrounds可知，这里需用形容词来修饰名词。7．them解析：考查代词。这里用them代指hands。8．in解析：考查介词。inAfrica“在非洲”，表示在某地需用介词in。9．is_regarded解析：考查语态。这里peopleshowingrespectbylooking作主语，isregarded作谓语。10．however解析：考查连词。这里表示转折关系，意思是人们通过看对方表示赞赏，而有的国家则认为这样是粗鲁的、不礼貌的。Ⅳ.短文改错(重庆南开中学第一次检测)AtfirstIwasnotquitewillingtositdownandwatchedthe90­minutefootballmatch.UsuallyIjustcheckedtheresultsbecauseIthoughtthatwasdulltowatchagameinthatplayerskickedaballtoeachother.Therefore,myfatherlovesfootball.DuringtheWorldCupin2006,mydadstaysuplatejusttowatchhisfavouritesport.Seeinghimstronginterestinthisgameof22menrunafteraball,Idecidedtositdowntowatchthegame.Ifoundgameexciting,andmydadexplainedfortherules.Wesharedourjoy.FootballisnottoobadlyaslongasIwatchitwithmydad!答案与解析AtfirstIwasnotquitewillingtositdownandeq\o(watched,\s\do14(watch))the90­minutefootballmatch.UsuallyIjustcheckedtheresultsbecauseIthoughteq\o(that,\s\do14(it))wasdulltowatchagameineq\o(that,\s\do14(which))playerskickedaballtoeachother.eq\o(Therefore,\s\do14(However))，myfatherlovesfootball.DuringtheWorldCupin2006,mydadeq\o(stays,\s\do14(stayed))uplatejusttowatchhisfavouritesport.Seeingeq\o(him,\s\do14(his))stronginterestinthisgameof22meneq\o(run,\s\do14(running))afteraball,Idecidedtositdowntowatchthegame.Ifoundeq\o(∧,\s\do14(the))gameexciting,andmydadexplainedeq\o(for,＼)therules.Wesharedourjoy.Footballisnottooeq\o(badly,\s\do14(bad))aslongasIwatchitwithmydad!1．watched→watch考查非谓语动词。and连接并列的不定式结构，应用动词原形。2．that→it考查代词。it在thought后面的宾语从句中作形式主语。3．that→which考查定语从句。inwhich构成“介词＋关系代词”型的定语从句。4．Therefore→However考查副词。however表示转折，放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。5．stays→stayed考查时态。本文主体时态是一般过去时。6．him→his考查代词。his修饰后面的名词interest。7．run→running考查非谓语动词。runningafteraball是动词­ing形式短语作后置定语修饰men。8．found后加the考查冠词。thegame特指前面的足球运动。9．去掉for考查动词。explain为及物动词，for应删除。10．badly→b