Unit 8 语法思维导图及专练八年级英语上册基础知识专项

Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?（语法讲练）【知识导图】【要点拓展】1.表示“某国人”的名词，其复数通常有三种形式：（1）单复数同形，如：aChinese（一个中国人）、twoChinese（两个中国人）。这类名词有Japanese,Swiss等。（2）在词尾加s，如：aGerman（一个德国人）、sixGermans（六个德国人）。这类名词有American、Russian等。（3）将单词中的man、woman分别变成men、women，如：anEnglishman（一个英国人）、threeEnglishmen（三个英国人）。这类名词有Dutchman、Englishwoman等。2.名词单数和复数的一些特殊情况（1）有些名词一般只用复数形式。常见的有trousers（裤子）、shoes（鞋子）、socks（短袜）、jeans（牛仔裤）、glasses（眼镜）、clothes（衣服）、stairs（楼梯）、chopsticks（筷子）等。She’sgotniceglasses.她戴了一副好看的眼镜。（2）有些以-s结尾的名词，它们不是名词的复数。常见的有maths（数学）、physics（物理）、politics（政治）等。Mathsisoneofthemostpopularsubjectsinourclass.在我们班数学是最受欢迎的学科之一。（3）集体名词既可以作单数，也可以作复数。集体名词看作整体时，应为单数；看作整体中的各个成员时，应为复数。ThefamilynowliveinLondon.那家人现居伦敦。Almosteveryfamilyinthecountryownsatelevision.这个国家几乎家家都有一台电视机。（4）有些名词（如people、police等）指多数人，应看作复数。Howmanypeoplewereatthemeeting?有多少人到会？Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.警察正在寻找那个丢失的孩子。3.不可数名词的计量（1）可以在不可数名词前加little、alittle、much、alotof、lotsof、some、any、plentyof、agood/greatdealof、abitof、most等修饰词或短语来计量。Therewasmuchdiscussionaboutthereasonsforthefailure.就失败的原因进行了大量的讨论。（2）也可以在不可数名词前加量词来计量。常可用来对不可数名词计量的短语有：apieceof（一片/段/块……）、acup/glassof（一杯……）、abottleof（一瓶……）、abagof（一袋……）、aboxof（一盒……）等。Shewrotesomethingonasmallpieceofpaper.她在一小片纸上写了点什么。（3）对计量不可数名词的量词的数量提问，要用howmany。Therearetwoglassesoforangejuiceonthetable.→Howmanyglassesoforangejuicearethereonthetable?【奇思巧计】单数变复数，多数在词尾加“-s”；单数变复数，多数在词尾加“-s”；-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾的，应加-es；辅音字母加“-o”结尾的，加“-s”或“-es”；辅音字母加“-y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”再加“-es”；若是“f/fe”结尾的，变为“v”再加“-es”；有些名词不规则，必须单独记。【同步检测】一、单项选择1．Ineedthree_______.A．teaspoonofhoney B．teaspoonsofhoneysC．teaspoonsofhoney D．teaspoonofhoneys2．—________waterwouldyoulike?—I’dlikethree________.A．Howmany;bottlesofwaters B．Howmuch;bottleofwaterC．Howmany;bottlesofwater D．Howmuch;bottlesofwater3．Ican’tlearnEnglishwell.Couldyougivemesome________?A．advice B．money C．jokes D．information4．—Let’shavesandwichesforlunch!Doyoulikesome________inyoursandwich?—No,Idon’tlikeit.A．eggs B．butter C．tomatoes D．chickens5．Weneedsome________andtwo________tomakeamilkshake.A．bananas,cupofmilk B．bananas,cupsofmilk C．banana,milk6．Mygrandmadoesverywellinmaking________ricewith________.A．mutton;carrot B．muttons;carrot C．mutton;carrots D．muttons;carrots7．Wereadnewspapersandwecanget________.A．manyinformationsB．muchinformationC．afewinformationD．alittleinformations8．Ihavesome________totellyou.A．pieceofnews B．piecesofnews C．pieceofnew D．piecesofnewses9．—________honeydoweneed?—Two________.A．Howmany;teaspoons B．Howmuch;teaspoonC．Howmany;teaspoon D．Howmuch;teaspoons10．Pleasegivehim________.A．twobreads B．twopieceofbread C．twobread D．twopiecesofbread11．Hewasadvisedtoeatfewerhamburgersanddrink________colatokeepfit.A．less B．fewer C．much D．more12．—Areallthestudentsfrom________inyourclass?―No,thereareonlythree________inourclass.Theothersarefromothercountries.A．Germans;Germany B．Germany;German C．Germany;Germans13．Bothoftheladieswanttobe________.A．busesdrivers B．womenteacher C．womancooks D．womendoctors14．Americansuse________andforkstoeat.A．knives B．knife C．aknife15．Therearefour________andtwo________inthegroup.A．Japanese,GermanB．Japanese,GermenC．Japaneses,German D．Japanese,Germans16．There’slittle________inthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomeforbreakfast.A．tomato B．potato C．egg D．milk17．I’mhungry.Pleasegiveme________.A．abread B．somebreads C．apieceofbread D．twopieceofbread18．Ineedtwo________tomakefruitsalad.A．spoonofhoney B．HoneyC．spoonsofhoney19．TheEastLakehasbecomeverydirty.________fishhavedied.A．Alot B．Much C．Lotof D．Many20．Theoldmancarried________and________.A．twobagsofrice;abagofapple B．twobagofrices;abagofappleC．abagofrices;twobagsofapple D．twobagsofrice;abagofapples二、用所给单词的正确形式填空21．Childrenfinditinterestingtotakepartinallkindsofafter-school.(activity)22．Thismorningmymotherboughttwokilosof（tomato）.23．Moreandmore(tour)arecomingtoenjoytheamazingscenesofthelake.24．Studentsoftenhavealotofproblemsand(worry).25．Myclassmateshavedifferentandweenjoyourselvesoften.(hobby)26．Takecareofyour,oryou’llhaveatoothache.(tooth)27．Canyoutellmeany（different）betweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish?28．—Aretheumbrellasbehindthedoorthose(visit)?—I’mnotsure.I’llaskthemlater.29．Thegreen(leaf)starttoturngoldinSeptember.30．Theofthesingingcompetitionaretakingphotosoverthere.(win)【真题链接】1．（2023·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womenteacher2．（2023·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—Whatanimalsdidyouseeonthefarm,Tom?—Isawsome________.A．rabbit B．ducks C．sheeps3．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Yueyangisoneofthetop10mostbeautiful________inChinathisyear.A．city B．cities C．citys4．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）Moreandmore________wanttolearnaboutChineseculture.A．Germans B．German C．Germany D．Germans’5．（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）Billhasgottwo________.A．sister B．brothers C．student6．（2022·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）Look!Therearesome________eatinggrassonthehill.A．sheep B．cow C．horse7．（2022·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）I’mnothungryatallbecauseIjustatemuch________.A．apples B．bananas C．bread8．（2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—Wouldyoulikesome________?—Yes,madam.A．egg B．juice C．milkteas9．（2021·西藏·统考中考真题）All________receivedfreshflowersonWomen’sDay.A．womanteacher B．womanteachers C．womenteachers D．womenteacher10．（2021·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）—Howmuchhoneydoweneed?—Let’ssee.Two________.A．spoonsofhoney B．spoonofhoneys C．spoonsofhoneys11．（2021·广西河池·统考中考真题）—Lisa,couldyouhelpmebuysome________onyourwayhome?—Ok,mom.A．egg B．beef C．banana D．potato12．（2021·四川广元·统考中考真题）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womanteachers D．womenteacher13．（2021·黑龙江大庆·统考中考真题）—CanIhelpyou?—Pleasegiveme________aboutthetrainstoDaqing.A．afewinformationsB．alittleinformationsC．alittleinformation D．afewinformation14．（2021·广西百色·统考中考真题）UncleLihasafarm,therearesome________onthefarm.A．chickenandsheep B．chickensandsheepsC．chickensandsheep D．chickenandsheeps15．（2021·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Weseesome________risingintotheairattheopeningofournewlibrary.A．balloons B．balloon C．balloones16．（2021·重庆·统考中考真题）Therearemany________teachersinthisprimaryschool.A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s17．（2021湖南岳阳·中考真题）Nobodythoughtitwaseasytofinishsomuchwokin________.A．twodays’time B．two-daystimeC．twoday’stime D．twodaystime18．（2020·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—Whatwouldyouliketoeat,honey?—__________.A．ChickenwithvegetablesandtwobowlsofricesB．ChickenwithvegetablesandtwobowlsofriceC．ChickenswithvegetablesandtwobowlsofriceD．Chickenswithvegetableandtwobowlsofrices19．（2020·广西柳州·统考中考真题）Look!Therearesome_____________onthetable.A．bananas B．orange C．water20．（2020·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—CanIhelpyou,Madam?—Yes.I’dlikesome____________.A．pears B．banana C．milks21．（2020·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Duringtheepidemic(疫情)many________inourcitywenttoHubeiProvinceasvolunteers.A．womandoctor B．womandoctors C．womendoctors22．（2020·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Wouldyoupleasegivemesome________onhowtolearnEnglishwell?A．advices B．suggestion C．advice23．（2020·贵州黔南·统考中考真题）About200__________wenttoseetheAsianFashionShowlastnight.A．German B．Australian C．Chinese D．American24．（2020·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）Spendingtoomuch______playingcomputergamesisbadforyour______.A．time;eye B．time;eyes C．times;eyes25．（2020·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）Annietookalotof___________withhermobilephonewhenshevisitedtheGreatWalllastsummerholiday.A．photo B．photoes C．photos26．（2020·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Mikedoesn’thaveenoughmoney,sohecanonlyafford____________.A．abread B．toomuchbread C．apieceofbread27．（2020·四川达州·统考中考真题）—It’ssaidthatthetwo_________doctorshavejustcomebackfromWuhan.—Yeah,Iknowthem.Theyarebothalreadyintheir_________.A．woman；sixty B．women；sixtieth C．women；sixties D．woman；sixties28．（2020·贵州黔西·统考中考真题）Howmuch________doweneedtomakeabananamilkshake?A．bana