2024年牛津译林英语中考语法一轮复习-宾语从句重点知识点讲解及练习

2024-2025学年牛津译林英语中考语法一轮复习-宾语从句重点知识点讲解及练习一.定义在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中的一员，在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如:Iknowtheman.Ilovemymum.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语如:Iknowthatthemanisapoliceman.（主语）（谓语）（宾语从句）Peoplethinkthathisbodytemperaturemadethechocolatemelt.（主语）（谓语）（宾语从句）宾语从句三大重点宾语从句的引导词that引导宾语从句，that在从句中无词意，在在口语或非正式文体中常省略如:MyteachersaidIwasagoodboy.老师说我是个好男孩。Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill. 她不知道她病得很重。Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed. 我确定他会成功。whether/if,引导宾语从句，表示对从句表达的内容不确定，翻译为是否。如：Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcometonightornot.我不知道他晚上会不会来。Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.我想知道你是否会帮助我。 只能用whether不用if的三种情况一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether:与ornot连用:HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot. 在介词之后:Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain. IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings 在不定式之前:Wehaven'tdecidedwhethertogothere. Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse. who,whom,whosewhat,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等疑问代词引导宾语从句，表疑问。在从句中充当主语，表语，定语等，因此不能省略。例：ThisbookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.这本书将告诉你最好的CEO应该知道什么。 Choosewhicheverbookyouprefer. 选择你喜欢的任一本书。 Iwanttoknowwhotoldyouthesecret. 我想知道谁告诉你这个秘密。when,where,why,how等疑问副词引导宾语从句，在从句中作状语，因此不能省略。例：Hedidn’ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain. 他没有告诉我我们什么时候会再见。 Couldyoupleasetellmehowyourepairedthecomputer.你能不能告诉我你怎么修理这台电脑的。练习检测宾语从句的语序宾语从句必须是陈述句语序，肯定句结构为：主语+谓语+引导词+主语+谓语+其他，部分引导词可省略或充当主语。例：HeaskedmewhatIdidyesterdayafternoon.他问我昨天晚上我多了什么。Doyouknowwhywinteriscolderthansummer?你知道为什么冬天比夏天冷吗？注意：引导词做主语的特殊情况。Couldyoutellmewhat’sthematterwithyou?Iwonderwhichisthewaytotheshop.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序句式 连词 语序 例句 陈述句 that 不变 Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends. 一般疑问句 if/whether 改为陈述语序 Ican’trememberifIpostedtheletter. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 改为陈述语序 HeaskedwhowasourEnglishteacher. 宾语从句的时态。宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应（口诀：主现从需，主过从过；客观真理，一般现在）如果主句的时态是现在的某种时态(一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时),宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定。例：Idon'tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?Hehastoldmethathe’llleaveforNewYorktomorrow.如果主句的时态是过去的某种时态(一般过去时，过去进行时)宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。例如:HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情况:1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay，Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis？2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.宾语从句练习-PhiliphasgonetoNewZealand.-Oh.canyoutellme?whendidheleave B.whenheisleavingC.whenheleft D.whenisheleaving Iknowhe'sbeencuriousabouteverything,butthat's____.Bepatient!whatdokidslike B.whatkidslike C.whatarekidslike D.whatkidsarelike -Couldyoutellme________?-Oh,sheistheworld'sfirstrobotcitizen,Sophiawhatthetallgirlis B.whatisthetallgirlC.whothetallgirlis D.whoisthetallgirl-Couldyoutellme________?-It'sabouthowagroupofsuper-heroestrytosavehumans.whenwasthefilmAvengersAssemble3shownwhenthefimAvengersAssemble3wasshownwhatstorythefilmAvengersAssemble3tellsusD.whatstorythefilmAvengersAssemble3toldus-Peter,isthereanythingelseyouwanttoknowaboutChina?-Yes,Iamstillwondering________A.howisChinesepapercutmadeB.howwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimesC.whytheChinesepeopleliketoplaythedragondanceD.whydotheChinesepeopleeatricedumplingsatDragonBoatFestival-Doyouknow________second-handsmoke?-Toprotectourhealthandmemory.A.howweshouldprevent B.whyshouldweprevent C.whyweshouldprevent D.whetherweshouldprevent-Couldyoutellme________?-MorethanayearA.howsoonwillYangzhou-TaizhouAirportbebuiltB.howlonghasYangzhou-TaizhouAirportbeeninserviceC.howsoonYangzhou-TaizhouAirportwillbebuiltD.howlongYangzhou-TaizhouAirporthasbeeninservice-Idon'tcare________.Inthiscamp,there'sonlyonehairstyle--short!Understand?-Yes,madam!A.whatyouareusedtoliking B.whatyouusedtobelike C.whatareyouusedtoliking D.whatdidyouusetobelike Theteacheraskedthestudents________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs B.iftheyareinterestedindinosaurs C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted -HowisyourMayDayholiday,John? -Notbad.Youseemsohappy.Couldyoutellme_________?A.whatplaceyouhavebeento B.ifyouvisityourgrandparents C.whodidyouspendtheholidaywith D.thatyouwatchedafootballmatch -Kitty,doyouknow_________?-Sure,aboutfortyminutes.A.whendidtheirclassmeetingbegin B.wheretheirclassmeetingwasheld C.howoftentheirclassmeetingisheld D.howlongtheirclassmeetingwilllast -Couldyoupleasetellme________?-Withpleasure.Waitamoment,please,A.ifthescarflookedniceonme B.what'sthenewproductlike C.thatGuilinisworthvisiting D.howicanorderarobotonline翻译