职称英语考试综合类AB级试题-附答案

第一套:

第一部分：词汇选择(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的

四个选项中选择•个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置

上。

Hewasaverycuteboybutnowheseemstohavenointerestinanything.

A)cleverB)honest

C)braveD)dull

标准答案：a

2、DatafromVoyagerIThavepresentedastronomerswithapuzzleaboutwhyour

outermostplanetexists.

A)problemB)mystery

C)questionD)point

标准答案：b

3>Thefilmoriginatedfromashortstory.

A)resultedB)derived

C)heardD)made

标准答案：b

4^Aftersupperweusuallytakeastrollaroundtheparkforaboutanhour.

A)walkB)rest

C)bathD)breath

标准答案：a

5、Thisisasubjectthathasnowmovedintothepoliticaldomain.

A)extentB)zone

C)areaD)competition

标准答案：c

6、Sheisnotedforhergenerouscontributionforthereliefofthepoor.

A)chargedB)accused

C)famousD)responsible

标准答案：c

7、Herolleduphistrouserlegtoexhibithiswoundedknee.

A)spreadB)open

C)showD)examine

标准答案：c

8、8.Youstartledmewhenyoushouted.

A)threatenedB)frightened

C)interruptedD)troubled

标准答案：b

9、Itissaidthehousesalongthisstreetwillsoonbedemolished.

A)pulleddownB)pulledup

C)pulledoffD)pulledin

标准答案：a

10^ShetriedtoprobemymindanddiscoverwhatIwasthinking.

A)solvedB)explored

C)involvedD)exploded

标准答案：b

11、Theparentshavetorestraintheirdaughterfromrunningoutintothestreet.

A)disallowB)reduce

C)preventD)confine

标准答案：c

12、Heexpressedconcernthattheshipmightbeindistress.

A)despairB)difficulties

C)needD)danger

标准答案：d

13^13.HundredsofbuiIdingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.

A)shakenB)fallen

C)damagedD)trembled

标准答案：c

14^Thickcloudsobscuredthestarsfromview.

A)darkenedB)held

C)blackenedD)prevent

标准答案：d

15、Theriverwascontaminatedwithwaste.

A)blackenedB)polluted

C)widenedD)mixed

标准答案：b

第二部分：阅读判断(每题1分，共七分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答

题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

MarriageadvertisementsinIndia

EverySundaymorningmillionsofIndianssettledownwithacupofteaandspecial

weekendissuesoftheirnewspapers,justasAmericansdo.Buthere,withthemarriage

seasonapproaching,manyofthemquicklytoaSundayfeaturethatisparticularly

Indian-the-columnsofmarriageadvertisementsinwhichyoungpeoplelookfor

husbandsandwives.Thisisrelativelymodernchangeintheage-oldcustomofthe

arrangedmarriage.Thethousandsofadvertisementspublishedeachweekincreasingly

reflectsocialchangesthatcoiningtothistraditionalsociety.Forexample,

althoughwomenarestilldescribedintermsofappearance,orskillin“thewifely

arts,vinformationaboutherearningpowerisenteringmoreandmoreofthe

advertisements.ThisreflectsthearrivalinIndiaoftheworkingwife.

Divorce,whichusedtobealmostunheardofinIndia,issometimesnowmentioned

intheadvertisementsasinthecaseofawomanwhoseadvertisementinNewDelhi

newspaperexplainedthathadbeen“theinnocentparty“whenhermarriagebroke

up.

Becausethecustomofthedowy(marriagepayment)isnowillegal,some

advertisementssay,nodowry",or“simplemarriage”,whichmeansthesamething.

However,thefathersofmanybridegroomsstillrequireit.

Inalandwherelightskinisoftenregardedassociallypreferable,manyalso

requirethatawomanhaveaawheat-colorcomplexionorthatamanbe"tall,fair

andhandsome.

Advertisementsareplacedandeagerlyreadbyawiderangeofpeopleintheupper

classes,mostlyincities.Manyofthemreceivedozensofanswers."There'snothing

embarrassingaboutit,“explainedaCalcuttabusinessmanadvertisingason-in-law.

“It'sjustanotherwayofbroadeningthecontactsandincreasethepossibility

ofdoingthecontactsandincreasingthepossibilitiesofdoingthebestonefor

one,sdaughter.”

Becauseofhighunemploymentandagenerallypoorstandardoflivinghere,one

ofthebestattractionsamarriageadvertisementcanofferisapermittoliveabroad,

especiallyinCanadaortheUnitedStates.Apersonwhohasonecangetwhathewants.

OnerecentSundayinMadras,forexample,aPunjabiengineerlivinginSan

Franciscoadvertisedforaubeautifulslimbridewithlovelyfeaturesknowingmusic

anddance.”AndamanwhoseadvertisementsaidthatheheldanAmericanimmigration

permitwasabletosay,onlygirlsfromrich,wel1-connectedfamiliesneedapply.

1.InMarriageadvertisementsinIndiawomenareonlyintroducedintermsof

appearanceortheirskillinbeingagoodwife.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

2.India'societyischanging.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

3.Theword“dowry”inthethirdparagraphmeansmarriagepayment.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

4.InIndiapeoplewithlightskinandgoodfeaturearepreferable.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

标准答案:B,A,A,C

解析：1.B.India是文章主题词，所以不用India作为答案线索（因为文章主题

词会在文章中反复出现），利用问题句中的细节信息词Marriageadvertisements和

appearanceandtheirskill作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：Forexample,

althoughwomenarestilldescribedintermsofappearance,orskillin“thewifely

arts,"informationaboutherearningpowerisenteringmoreandmoreofthe

advertisements.答案相关句说“尽管广告依然描述妇女的外貌或妇女的贤惠，关于妇女

赚钱能力的介绍也在越来越多的婚姻广告上出现了"，显然答案相关句的内容与问题句（ER

度的婚姻广告只介绍妇女的外貌或妇女的贤惠）内容不一致。

2.A.这道题是主旨题。文章第一段倒数第3句直接反映文章主题：Thethousandsof

advertisementspublishedeachweekincreasinglyreflectsocialchangesthatcoming

tothistraditionalsociety.该句说“每周公布的数以千计的广告反映出这个传统的社

会正发生着变化”。

3.A.利用dowry作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：Becausethecustomof

thedowry（marriagepayment）isnowillegal,someadvertisementssay“nodowry”,

or“simplemarriage^,whichmeansthesamething.答案相关句中marriagepayment

放在括号中出现在dowry,充当其同位语结构，对其进行解释，因此dowry的含义就是

^marriagepayment（彩礼钱）”。

4.C.利用细节结构"lightskin"和"goodfeature”作为答案线索,在文章中找

到答案相关句：Inaland（国家，wherelightskinisoftenregardedassocially

preferable,manyalsorequirethatawomanhavea“wheat-color“complexionorthat

amanbeutall,fairandhandsome”.答案相关句说“在印度，人们喜好浅亮肤色”，

但并没有说“喜欢美丽的容貌”，因此问题句中有部分信息没有在文章中出现。

17、5.Theword"one"inUApersonwhohasonecangetwhathewants^refers

togoodattraction.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

6.Advertisementsareonlyreadbyasmallgroupofpeopleofhighsocialstatus.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

7.InIndiathereisahighdivorcerate.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

标准答案：B,B,C

解析：5.B.首先找到“Apersonwhohasonecangetwhathewants”所在的

上下文：Becauseofhighunemploymentandagenerallypoorstandardoflivinghere,

oneofthebestattractionsamarriageadvertisementcanofferisapermittolive

abroad,especiallyinCanadaortheUnitedStates.Apersonwhohasonecangetwhat

hewants.划线句说“有了•个…的人能得到他想要的”，结合前句话的内容，one应该指

前句中的permittoliveabroad（在国外居住地许可证）。

6.B.利用问题句中含有修饰结构的短语peopleofhighsocialstatus作为答案线

索，在第5段中找到答案相关句：Advertisementsareplacedandeagerlyreadbyawide

rangeofpeopleintheupperclasses（与peopleofhighsocialstatus呼应），mostly

incities.答案相关句说“上层社会中很多人都会急切地读这些广告”,因此问题句的

内容与答案相关句的内容不•致。

7.C.文章中没有提到印度的离婚率

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子（每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1——4题要求从所给的6个选项中为

第2-5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5-8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正

确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

IsThereaWaytoKeeptheBritain'sEconomyGrowing?

1Intoday'sknowledgeeconomy,nationssurviveonthethingstheydo

best.JapanesedesignelectronicswhileGermensexportengineeringtechniques.The

Frenchserve,thebestfoodandAmericansmakecomputers.

2Britainspecializesinthegiftoftalking.Thenationdoesn,tmanufacture

muchofanything.Butithaslawyers,stylistsandbusinessconsultantswhoearntheir

livingfromtalktalkandmoretalk.TheWorldFoundationthinktanksaystheUK's

fouriconicjobstodayarenotscientists,engineers,teachersandnurses.Instead,

they'rehairdressers,celebrities,managementconsultantsandmanagers.Butcan

allthistalkingkeeptheBritisheconomygoing?TheBritishgovernmentthinksit

can.

3Althoughthecountryzstradedeficitwasmorethan£60billionin2006,

UK'slargestinthepostwarperiod,officialssaythecountryhasnothingtoworry

about.Infact,Britaindoeshaveaworld-classpharmaceuticalindustry,anditstill

makesasmallsumfromsellingarmsabroad.Italsotradesservices-accountancy,

insurance,bankingandadvertising.ThegovernmentbelievesBritainisonthecutting

edgeoftheknowledgeeconomy.Afterall,mecountryofShakespeareandWordsworth

hasaliterarytraditionofwhichtobeproud.Rock'n'rollisanEnglishlanguage

medium,andtherearebillionstobemadebytheircutting-edgebands.Inotherwords,

thecreativeeconomyhasplentyofstrengthtocarrytheBritisheconomy.

4However,creativeindustriesaccountforonlyabout4percentofUK'sexports

ofgoodsandservices.Theindustriesarefindingithardtomakeaprofit,according

toareportoftheNationalEndowmentforScience,TechnologyandtheArtsThereport

showsonly38percentofBritishcompanieswereengagedininnovationactivities"",

3percentagepointsbelowtheEUaverageandwellbelowGermany(61percent)and

Sweden(47percent).

5Infact,itmightbebettertocallBritainauservantweconomy-thereare

atleast4millionpeople“inservice,,.Themajorityofthepopulationareemployed

bytherichtocook,clean,andtakecareoftheirchildren.Manygraduatesareeven

doingmenialjobsforwhichtheydonotneedadegree.Mostemploymentgrowthhas

been,andwillcontinuetobe,atthelow-skillendoftheservicesector-inshops,

bars,hotels,domesticserviceandinnursingandcarehomes.

1.Paragraph2__

2.Paragraph3__

3.Paragraph4__

4.Paragraph5__

AGrowthofEconomy

B“Servant"Economy

CStrengthoftheCreativeEconomy

DWeaknessoftheCreativeEconomy

EGiftoftalking

FExportofTalkingMachines

标准答案：E,C,D,B

解析：l.E.talk这个词也在段落中多次鳏郑？出现了5次，而且几乎在贯穿整个

段落出现，因此是段落主题词，因此E或F可能是答案。段首句及段尾句均与E相关，意

义一致，因此E是答案。从段落具体内容上看：第二段的第一个句子说“英国的特长是有

说话的天赋”。接下来就是具体说明说话天赋在经济中的表现方面。当然，作者最后对这些

说话行业能否保持英国经济的运转提出了疑问。但是其主题思想仍然是在讲说话天赋。

2.C.段尾句是该段主题句。该段说：英国是著名作家Shakespeare和Wordsworth的

故乡，他们以及英国的摇滚乐团创造了大量的精神财富，也为英国赚得了大量的钱，显示了

创造性经济的力量。山此也可看出C是答案。

提示：段落主题词出现的句子可能是段落主题句或直接与段落主题相关。

3.D.第四段的第二个句子是段落主题句（权威机构的观点），该句讲述“创造行业的弱

点，很难盈利”，因此D是答案。

提示：通常出现在段落开头部分或结尾部分的权威机构/权威人士的观点/发言/研究发

现往往直接揭示段落主题。

4.B.第四段的第一个句子是主题句：Infact,itmightbebettertocallBritain

a“servant“economy-thereareatleast4millionpeople“inservice".该句说“实

际上，把英国的经济叫做服务经济更恰当一些一因为至少有四百万人在做服务性工作”。因

此选B。

19^5.Everycountryhasitsownway.

6.TheBritishgovernmentdoesn，tseem_.

7.Thecreativeindustriesfinditdifficult—.

8.Manygraduatesareemployed—.

Atofindjobs

Btodolow-skilllobs

Ctofeeditspeople

Dtohandledisputes

Etomakeaprofit

FtoworryabouttheBritisheconomy

标准答案：C,F,E,B

解析：5.C.该题的答案相关句在第一段：Intoday'sknowledge（知识）economy,

nationssurvive（生存，幸存）on（依靠）thethings（事情）theydobest.该句说：在今

天的知识经济时代，各个国家生存于自己的强项。因此选tofeeditspeople养活自己的

人民。

6.TheBritishgovernment（政府）doesn，tseem（似乎）—.

6.F.利用问题句中的特征词Britishgovernment作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案

相关句：（第二段的最后两句话）Butcanallthistalking（谈论）keeptheBritisheconomy

going?TheBritishgovernmentthinksitcan.但是，所有这么说话能让英国的经济运

转吗?英国政府认为是可以的。由此可推断出：英国政府好像并不担心英国的经济。所以F

是对的。

7.E.这个问题直接涉及第4段段落主题句：Theindustriesarefindingithardto

makeaprofit,accordingtoareportoftheNationalEndowmentforScience,Technology

andtheArts.根据国家科学、技术和艺术捐赠委员会的一份报告，这些创造性行业在获得

利润上很困难。

8.B.利用问题句中涉及修饰结构的细节信息词manygraduates（许多毕业生）作为答

案线索，在文章第五段中找到答案相关句：Manygraduatesareevendoingmenial（仆人

的）jobsfor（对于）whichtheydonotneedadegree（学位）.许多毕业生甚至在做不需

要学位的仆人的活。仆人的活是属于低技术的活，因此B是正确的。

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根

据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇Thebestwaytoreduceyourweight

Youhearthis：“NoWonderyouarefat.Anyoueverdoiseat."Youfeelsad：

“Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanI

do?”Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenes,notyourlifehabits,determineyour

weightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.

AlbertStunkardoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundfromexperimentsthat,

“80percentoftheChildrenoftwoobeseparentsbecomeobese,ascomparedwith

nomorethan14percentoftheoffspringoftwoparentsofnormalweight.”

Howcanobesepeoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well,dieting

canbeeffective,butthehealthcostsaretremendous.JulesHirsch,aresearch

physicianatRockefellerUniversity,didastudyofeightfatpeople.Theyweregiven

aliquidformulaproviding600caloriesadayl.Aftermorethan10weeks,thesubjects

lost45kgonaverage.Butafterleavingthehospital,theyallregained.Theresults

weresurprising：bymetabolicmeasurement,fatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweight

seemedliketheywerestarving.Theyhadpsychiatricproblems.Theydreamedoffood

orbreakingtheirdiet2.Theywereanxiousanddepressed;someweresuicidal.Theyhid

foodintheirrooms.Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethatweightreduction

doesn，tresultinnormalweight,butinanabnormalstateresemblingthatofstarved

non-obesepeople.

Thinpeople,however,sufferfromtheopposite：Theyhavetomakeagreateffort

togainweight.EthanSims,oftheUniversityofVermont,gotprisonerstovolunteer

togainweight.Infourtosixmonths,theyateasmuchastheycould.Theysucceeded

inincreasingtheirweightby20to25percent.Butmonthsafterthestudyended,

theywerebacktonormalweightandstayedthere.

Thisdidnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrollingtheir

weight.Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybattletheir

geneticinheritanceiftheywanttosignificantlylowertheirweight.

Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwas

true-eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange3.Therangemightbeasmuchas

9kg.Someonemightweigh60-69kgwithouttoomucheffortButgoingaboveofbelow

thenaturalweightrangeisdifficult.Thebodyresistsbyfeelinghungryorfull

andchangingthemetabolismtopushtheweightbacktotherangeitseeks.

词汇：

obeseadj.肥胖的

metabolicadj.新陈代谢的

psychiatricadj.精神病的

注释:

1.Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.他们被给予

一种流食配方，每天提供600热卡。

2.Theydreamedoffoodorbreakingtheirdiet.他们梦中吃食品,或是不是只吃

规定的食品。

3.Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwas

true-eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange.结论还证实了科学家认为是正确的一

点，即每个人的体重有一个适当的幅度。

练习：

1.Whatdeterminesyourweight?

A)Yourworkingmanner.

B)Youreatinghabit.

C)Yourlifestyle.

D)Yourgenes.

2.WhatdidJulesHirschdoinhisstudy?

A)Helettheeightfatpeopleskipsupper.

B)Helettheeightfatpeopleskipbreakfast.

C)Helettheeightfatpeopleruneverymornin8andevening.

D)Hegavetheeightfatpeoplealiquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.

3.Whathappenedtotheeightfatpeopleaftertheyleftthehospital?

A)Theywentmad.

B)Theykilledthemselves.

C)Theywerebacktonormalweight.

D)Theyattemptedsuicide

4.WhatdidEthanSimsmakehissubjectsdo?

A)Battletheirgeneticinheritance.

B)Increasetheirweight.

C)Stayathome.

D)Lowertheirweight.

5.Whatdidscientiststhinkwastrue?

A)Eachpersonhasafixedweightrange.

B)Eachpersonhasaweightrangeof9kg.

C)Eachpersonwantstocontrolhisweight.

D)Eachpersonwantstoeattohisheart'scontent.

标准答案：D,D,C,B,A

解析：l.D.细节题。利用被选项中的细节信息结构(A：workingmanner;B:eating

habit;C:lifestyle;D:genes)共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：

Youhearthis：”NoWonderyouarefat.Anyoueverdoiseat(选项B中eating

的家族词汇).“Youfeelsad：”Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorning

andevening.WhatelsecanIdo?”Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenes(基因)，

notyourlifehabits(习惯),determineyourweight(问题句中的核心结构)andyourbody

constantly(不断地，经常地)triestomaintain(保持，维修，主张)it.

答案相关句说：你的基因而不是你的生活习惯决定了你的体重，因此你的身体总是试图

保持它。因此D是答案。

2.Do细节题。利用问题句中的特征词(JulesHirsch),被选项中的共有结构(eight

fatpeople)及被选相中的一些细节信息词及特征结构(A:supper;B:breakfast;C:every

morningandevening;D:liquidformula,600calories)共同作为答案线索，在文章

中查找答案相关句：

Howcanobesepeoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well,dieting

canbeeffective,butthehealthcostsaretremendous.JulesHirsch,aresearch(Wf

究）physician（医生）atRockefellerUniversity,didastudy（研究）ofeightfatpeople.

Theyweregiven（被给）aliquidformula（流食配方）providing600caloriesadayl.

Aftermorethan（超过）10weeks,thesubjects（研究对象）lost45kgonaverage（平

均）.Butafterleavingthehospital,theyallregained.Theresultsweresurprising：

bymetabolicmeasurement,fatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweightseemedlike

theywerestarving.Theyhadpsychiatricproblems.Theydreamedoffoodorbreaking

theirdiet2.Theywereanxiousanddepressed;someweresuicidal.Theyhidfoodin

theirrooms.Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethatweightreductiondoesn，t

resultinnormalweight,butinanabnormalstateresemblingthatofstarvednon-obese

people.

答案相关句说“八个肥胖者被给予一种流食配方，每天提供600热卡”，因此D是答案。

3.C.细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息结构（eightfatpeople,hospital）及被选

项中的细节信息结构（C：normalweight;D:suicide）共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找

答案相关句：

（第3段）Howcanobesepeoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well,

dietingcanbeeffective,butthehealthcostsaretremendous.（第2题答案相关

句）JulesHirsch,aresearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,didastudyofeight

fatpeople.Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesadayl.Aftermore

than（超过）10weeks,thesubjects（研究对象,主题，学科，受・..影响的）lost（失去,

输（比赛））45kg（4.5公斤？??）onaverage（平均）.（第4句）Butafterleavingthe

hospital,theyallregained（恢复）.Theresultsweresurprising：bymetabolic

measurement,fatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweightseemedliketheywere

starving.Theyhadpsychiatricproblems.Theydreamedoffoodorbreakingtheir

diet2.Theywereanxiousanddepressed;someweresuicidal（是选项D中的细节信息词

的家族词汇）.Theyhidfoodintheirrooms.Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethat

weightreductiondoesn，tresultinnormalweight（选项C中的细节信息词），butinan

abnormalstateresemblingthatofstarvednon-obesepeople.

（第4段）Thinpeople,however,sufferfromtheopposite：Theyhavetomakea

greatefforttogainweight.EthanSims,oftheUniversityofVermont,got（说

服）prisoners（犯人）tovolunteerto（自愿・・.）gainweight（增肥,体重增加）.Infour

tosixmonths,theyateasmuchastheycould.Theysucceededinincreasingtheir

weightby20to25percent.But（但是）monthsafterthestudyended（结束），theywere

backto（恢复到）normal（正常的）weightandstayed停留在那里there.

根据第3段中答案相关句的内容判断：这八个肥胖者出院后都恢复到了正常的体重。

4.B.细节题。利用问题句中的特征词（EthanSims）及被选项中的细节信息结构（A：

genetic（遗传的）inheritance;B：Increase（增加）theirweight;C：Stay（逗留,保持）

athome;I）：Lower（降低）theirweight）共同作为答案线索,在文章中查找答案相关句:

（第4段）Thinpeople,however,sufferfromtheopposite：Theyhavetomakeagreat

efforttogainweight.EthanSims（问题句中的特征词），oftheUniversityofVermont,

got（说服,使，变成，获得）prisoners（犯人）tovolunteerto（自愿）gainweight（与

选项B中的细节信息结构呼应）.Infourtosixmonths,theyateasmuchastheycould（尽

可能地...）・Theysucceededin（成功地）increasingtheirweight（与选项B中的细节信

息结构呼应）by（T）20to25percent.Butmonthsafterthestudyended,theywere

backtonormalweightandstayedthere.

（第5段）Thisdidnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrolling

theirweight.Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybattle

theirgeneticinheritance（选项A中的细节信息结构）iftheywanttosignificantly

lowertheirweight（与选项D中的细节信息结构呼应）.

第4段中的答案相关句说：让犯人自愿增加体重。可见B是正确的答案。

5.A.细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息词（Scientists）和备选项A和备选项B中的共

有词（weightrange）共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：

（第4段）Thinpeople,however,sufferfromtheopposite：Theyhavetomakeagreat

efforttogainweight.（第4题答案相关句）EthanSims,oftheUniversityofVermont,

gotprisonerstovolunteertogainweight.Infourtosixmonths,theyateasmuch

astheycould.Theysucceededinincreasingtheirweightby20to25percent.But

monthsafterthestudyended,theywerebacktonormalweightandstayedthere.

Thisdidnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrollingtheir

weight.Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybattletheir

geneticinheritanceiftheywanttosignificantlylowertheirweight.

Thefindings（发现）alsoprovide（提供）evidence（证据，迹象）forsomething

scientists（科学家）thoughtwastrue（正确的？真实的，忠诚的）---eachpersonhas

acomfortable（舒适的）weightrange.Therangemightbeasmuchas（大约）9kg.Someone

mightweigh60-69kgwithouttoomucheffort.Butgoingaboveofbelowthenatural

weightrangeisdifficult.Thebodyresistsbyfeelinghungryorfullandchanging

themetabolismtopushtheweightbacktotherangeitseeks.

答案相关句(最后一段的第一句话)说：结论还证实了科学家认为是正确的一点，即每个

人的体重有大约9公斤的一个固定范围.因此A是答案。

第2篇ATaleofScottishRuralLife

LewisGrassicGibbon，sSunsetSong(1932)wasvoted"thebestScottishnovelof

autime*'byScottish,sreadingpublicin20051Onceconsideredshockingforits

frankdescriptionofaspectsofthelivesofScotland,spoorruralfarmers,ithas

beenadaptedforstage,film.TVandradioinrecentdecades.

ThenovelissetonthefictionalestateofKinraddie,inthefarmingcountry

oftheScottishnorthwestintheyearsuptoandbeyondWorldWarI.Atitsheart

isthestoryofChris,whoisbothpartofthecommunityandalittleoutsideit.

GrassicGibbongivesusthemostdetailedandintimateaccountofthelifeof

hisheroine.Wewatchhergrowthroughachildhooddominatedbyhercruelbut

hard-workingfather;experiencetragedy(hermother'sSuicideandmurderofhertwin

children);andlearnaboutherfeelingsasshegrowsintowoman.Weseehermarry,

loseherhusband,thenmarryagain.Chrishasseemedsoconvincingafiguretosome

femalereadersthattheycannotbelievethatsheisthecreationofaman2.

ButitwouldbemisleadingtosuggestthatthisbookisjustaboutChris.Itis

trulyanovelofaplaceanditspeople.ItsopeningsectiontellsofKinraddie's

longhistory,inalanguagethatimitatestheplace7schangingpatternsofspeech

andwriting.

Thestoryitselfisamazinglynullofcharactersandincidents.Itistoldfrom

Chris7pointofviewbutalsofromthatofthegossipingcommunity,acommunity

whereeverybodyknowseverybodyelse*sbusinessandnothingiseverforgotten.

SunsetSonghasasocialthemetoo.ItisconcernedwithwhatGrassicGibbon

perceivesasthedestructionoftraditionalScottishrurallifefirstby

modernizationandthenbyWorldWar1,Gibbontriedhardtoshowhowcertain

charactersresistthewar.Despitethis,thewartakestheyoungmenaway,anumber

ofthemtotheirdeaths.InparticularittakesawayChris'husband,Evan

Tavenda]e.ThewarfinallykillsEvan,butnotinthewayhiswidowistold.Infact,

theGermansarenztresponsibleforhisdeath,buthisownside.HeisShotbecause

heissaidtohaverunawayfromabattle.

Ifthehovelisabouttheendofonewayoflifeitalsolooksahead.Itisa

“SunsetSong“butisconcernedtoowiththenewKinraddie,indeedofthenew

Europeanworld.GrassicGibbonwentontopublishtwoothernovelsabouttheplace

thatcontinueitsstory.

注释：

1.LewisGrassicGibbon,sSunsetSong(1932)wasvote