词汇专题（Unit7Unit8）八年级下学期英语（牛津译林版）期末复习

牛津译林版八年级下学期期末复习词汇专题(Units78)重点词汇可能的考查方式举例educatev.教育educationn.教育educationaladj.具有教育意义的educatorn.教育学家aneducationalfilmagreateducatorandthinkereducatechildrentohavepatiencespreadv.传播、展开过去式spread过去分词spread；“传播”没有被动；“展开”有被动Thenewshasspreadalloverthecityforhours.Thetablecloth(桌布)isspreadout.blindadj失明的blindnessn.失明theblind盲人the+adj.表示一类人，作复数Theblindshouldbelaughedatbecauseoftheirblindness.patientn.病人一词多义：adj.有耐心的反义词impatient急躁的、不耐烦的bepatient/impatientwithsbDoctorsandnursesherearealwayspatientwithallthepatients.operatev.做手术operateonsb—被动sbbeoperateondoanoperationonsb—被动anoperationbedoneonsbHerleftarmwasoperatedonlastweek,andanotheroperationwillbedoneontheotherarm.developv.发展developedadj.发达的；developingadj.发展中的;developmentn.发展HasChinabeenadevelopedcountry?withthedevelopmentoftechnologyincludev.包括includingprep.包括includedadj.包括在内的Iboughtalotoffruit,includingdurianandstrawberries.MuchinformationisrecordedinMissLeo’snotebook,ouraddressesincluded.allowv.allowdoing允许做某事allowsbtodo允许某人做某事sbbeallowtodo某人被允许做某事Theopenspaceallowsparking.MumallowedmetoplayputergameseverySundayafternoon.Studentsaren’tallowedtotakewithmobilephonesatschool.wiseadj.明智的wiselyadv.明智地wisdomn.智慧Pleaseuseyourwisdomtosolvethisproblemwiselytogether.differentadj.不同的differencen.区别、差别makeadifferenceto对…产生影响、起作用Howmanydifferencescanyouseebetweentwophotos?HasAImadeagreatdifferencetoourlifeyet?pollutev.污染pollutionn.污染pollutedadj.被污染的reduceallkindsofpollutionpollutedairandwaterharmv./n.伤害adj.harmful有害的，harmless无害的beharmfulto对…有害=doharmtoThepollutedairisharmfultoourhealthastheycandoharmtoourlungs(肺).carev.在乎、关心carefuladj.认真的adv.carefullycarelessadj.马虎地adv.carelesslycarelessnessn粗心Remembertobecarefulwithimportantthingsoutside.Becauseofyourcarelessness,youalmostlostyourIDcard.考点演练1.The______(blind)influences(影响)theman.Hecan’tgoouttofindajob.【考点】作主语用名词；blind是形容词，名词是blindness2.Mr.Kingisanexcellentdoctorandhasdonehundredsof______(operate)sofar.【考点】hundredsof后加复数名词；operate是动词，名词是operation3.Everyonecanseethequick______(develop)ineconomy(经济)ofChinanow.【考点】the后加名词；develop是动词，名词是development4.Theleaves______(spread)outinthestreetsafterthestrongwindyesterday.【考点】此处spread指“铺开”，有被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/weredone5.Thetouristshavewaitedattheairportforhours.Everyoneisgetting______(patient).【考点】patient“耐心的”，impatient“不耐烦的”6.—Howmanypeoplewerebadlyhurtinthefire?—Five,______(include)twokidsandanoldman.【考点】此处不是谓语动词，用介词including7.Factoriesaren’tallowed______(pollute)theairwithheavysmoke.【考点】beallowedtodo“被允许做某事”8.Inthisarea,water______(pollute)hasbeeaveryseriousproblem.【考点】waterpollution“水污染”9.Drinkingtoomuchjuicewill______(harmful)yourteeth.【考点】will+动词原形，构成一般将来时；harmful是形容词，动词是harm10.Lindaalwaysdoesherhomework______(careful),sohedoesn’tpassthisexam.【考点】副词修饰动作doherhomework；careful“仔细的”—反义词careless—副词carelessly答案1.blindness2.operations3.development4.werespread5.impatient6.including7.topollute8.pollution9.harm10.carelessly提优训练一、词汇运用1.ThenewsraisedahotdiscussionabouthowtouseAI______(wise).2.Theharmfulmaterialscanleadto______(blind)andotherdiseases.3.Thebadly______(pollute)riverlooksdarkandsmelly.Somethingmustbedone!4.Intheswimmingclub,onlymembers______(allow)totakeshowers.5.Themother______(spread)herarmsandthechildrantowardsherhappily.6.Manypeoplewerebadlyhurtinthecaraccident.Someofthemneeded______(operate)onatonce.7.Tommyiseven______(care)thanlasttime.Sohemakesfewermistakesinhisnewproject.8.Weshouldtrytohelpthe______(able)liketheblindandthedeaf.9.Theexperiencereallymadeahuge______(different)tomylife.10.While______(operate)anewmachineinthelaboratory,youshouldfollowyourteacher’sinstructions.二、完成句子1.到目前为止，污染对地球产生了很大的影响。Sofar,__________________________theEarth.2.他告诉我们他当时正在为那个病人动手术。Hetoldusthat__________________atthattime.3.如何处理空气污染是中国政府正面临的一个大难题。__________________isadifficultproblemChinesegovernmentisfacing.4.Eddie一完成工作，他将被允许休息两周。Eddie_________________________hefinisheshiswork.5.我们都希望生活在一个污染更少的世界里，所以现在是我们走向绿色的时候了。Weallhopetoliveina____________(pollute)world,soit’stime______________now.【词汇运用答案】1.wisely【详解】句意：这一新闻引发了关于如何明智地使用人工智能的热议。根据“howtouseAI”可知，此处填副词修饰动词，wise的副词形式是wisely“明智地”，故填wisely。2.blindness【详解】句意：有害物质会导致失明和其他疾病。blind失明的，形容词，and前后词性一致，and后是名词，故此处填名词blindness“失明”，不可数名词。故填blindness。3.polluted【详解】句意：这条污染严重的河看起来又黑又臭。必须做点什么！分析句子结构可知，动词pollute“污染”与名词river是被动关系，因此这里应用过去分词polluted作定语修饰名词river。故填polluted。4.areallowed【详解】句意：在游泳俱乐部，只有会员才允许洗澡。“members”与“allow”之间为被动关系，一般现在时被动语态构成：are/is+动词过去分词。又因主语“members”为复数，故be用are。故填areallowed。5.spread【详解】句意：母亲张开双臂，孩子高兴地朝她跑来。本句是and连接的并列句，前后句子的时态应一致。根据“thechildrantowardsherhappily”是一般过去时，可知此句时态是一般过去时。spread是过去式是spread；故填spread。6.tobeoperated/operating【详解】句意：许多人在车祸中受了重伤。他们中的一些人需要立即动手术。根据“Someofthemneeded...(operate)onatonce.”可知，此处是指他们中的一些人需要被做手术，needtobedone等同于needdoing“需要被做”，因此空处用不定式的被动结构或者动名词。故填tobeoperated/operating。7.morecareful【详解】句意：Tommy甚至比上一次更小心。所以他在他的新项目中犯了更少的错误。根据“is”和“than”可知，此处应该填形容词的比较级形式，根据“Sohemakesfewermistakesinhisnewproject.”可知，他更仔细认真了，应用morecareful。故填morecareful。8.disabled【详解】句意：我们应该尽力帮助残疾人，如盲人和聋人。根据“liketheblindandthedeaf.”可知，盲人和聋人都是残疾人，thedisabled表示“残疾人”。故填disabled。9.difference【详解】句意：这次经历真的对我的生活产生了巨大的影响。makeadifferenceto“对……产生影响”。故填difference。10.operating【详解】句意：在实验室操作新机器时，你应该听从老师的指示。while后加动名词。故填operating。【完成句子答案】1.pollutionhasmadeagreat/bigdifferenceto【详解】“污染”pollution，“对……有大的影响”，makeagreat/bigdifference。由sofar可知句子是现在完成时have/hasdone，主语pollution是三单，助动词用has。故填pollutionhasmadeagreat/bigdifferenceto。2.wasoperatingonthepatient/wasdoinganoperationonthepatient【详解】根据atthattime可知是过去进行时was/weredoing；“为某人动手术”operateonsb/doanoperationonsb；“那个病人”thepatient；主语是he，be动词用was。故填wasoperatingonthepatient/wasdoing