定语从句课件高考英语一轮复习

高考英语语法高考英语语法核心语法词类动词的时态、语态非谓语动词定语从句名词性从句状语从句边缘语法虚拟语气情态动词倒装句省略句强调句Relativeclause定语从句形容词数词、名词动词不定式副词Theboythereismylittlebrother.介词短语Heisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.

Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.定语是对名词或代词起修饰作用的词、短语或句子，名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词、从句等都可以作定语。定语从句Thegirlwhoissmilingismysister.V-ing形式Heisasingerwhoispopularwithteenagers.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when,why定语从句：在句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。that在从句中作主语,宾语或表语，指人或物。which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

2.

Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.

(主语)(宾语)(主语)(宾语)3.Shenzhenisnotthecitythatitusedtobe.4.Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.5.Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh.(表语)1.1关系代词that,whichwho,whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语，指人。(主语)(宾语)(宾语)1.2关系代词who,whom1.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.2.ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.3.Mr.ReadistheprofessorwhomImetyesterday.whose在从句中作定语，指人或物。

1.MrLiuwantstotalktothestudentswhosehomeworkhasn’tbeenhandedin.2.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.1.3关系代词whose

关系代词先行词所作成分是否可省that人/物主语/宾语作宾语时可以省略，前有介词时不可省略which物主语/宾语who人主语whom人宾语whose人/物定语不可以省略Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.

先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast

修饰时I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few等修饰时关系代词只用that不用which的情况(5)先行词既有人又有物时

Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?(6)主句中有疑问词which或who时Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyremembered.①Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting.②Anyonewhobreaksthelawispunished.③Thestudentyoushouldlearnfromistheonewhoworkshard.④Thosewhobreakthelawarepunished.⑤Hewhobreaksthelawispunished.1.4关系代词只用who的情况⑥Thefamousfilmstar,whotriestomakeacomeback,drawsalotofattention.1.当先行词是指人的代词如he,she,someone,those…时用who.2.非限制性定语从句先行词指人时用who.Ihadthesameexperienceasyouhad.我跟你有相同的经历。（as在从句中做宾语，不可省）Ineverheardsuchstoriesashetold.我从未听过他讲的这种故事。（as在从句中做宾语）Hereissoheavyaboxascanbeliftedbynobody.这里有一个没人能搬得动的箱子。（as在从句中做主语）1.5as引导的定语从句as引导限制性定语从句：主句中出现thesame,as,such,so修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。主要结构有：thesame…asas…assuch…asso…as

as引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。常译为“正如”Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.Heforgottobringhispenwithhim,aswasoftenthecase.Asweallknow，(Asiswellknown，)众所周知Asweexpected,正如我们所预料的Asoftenhappens,正如经常发生的那样Asisoftenthecase,情况常常如此Ashasbeensaidbefore，如前所述Asmaybeimagined,可以想象得出Ashasbeenpointedout,正如已经指出的那样Aswillbeshownin…正如将在…中展示的那样Asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的1.Theway________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Hemanagedtoachievehisgoalinaway___________wasimpossible.3.Theway_______________heusedwasquitesimple.that/whichthat/inwhich/that/which/theway作先行词1.从句中缺状语，关系词用that,inwhich或不填。2.从句中缺宾语用that、which或不填。3.从句中缺主语用that、which。1.6theway作先行词时的关系词如何选择关系词：1.确定定语从句2.看先行词是指人还是指物3.看从句中缺什么成分（把先行词还原到定语从句中，看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分4.确定关系词Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Footballisagame___________islikedbymostboys.who/thatwhich/that选择正确的关系代词填入题目中的空白处。1.Ilikethepresent__________you'vesenttome.2.Thenurse__________wetalkedaboutcanspeakEnglishwell.3.Thisisthemostdifficultjob__________we'veeverdone.4.Thisisthecleverestman__________I'veeverknown.5.Theoldgentleman__________youmetjustnowisafamouswriter.6.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons________wesawthen.7.Iliveintheroom_________windowfacessouth.1.that/which/不填2.that/who/whom/不填3.that4.that5.who/whom/that/不填6.that7.whose关系副词先行词所作成分when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语1.7关系副词when,where,why先行词指时间，定语从句中缺时间状语时，用关系副词when1.Istillrememberthatdaywhen

IfirstcametoNanjing.

2.Istillremembertheyearwhen

IjoinedtheParty.

1.7.1关系副词when先行词指地点，定语从句中缺地点状语时用关系副词whereThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentwheretheylive.

1.7.2关系副词where先行词是reason，从句中缺原因状语时用关系副词why时Thisisthereasonwhytheboywaspunished.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.

1.7.3关系副词why1.7.2关系副词whereTips:当先行词是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,scene,occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境且从句中缺状语时用关系副词where。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.OccasionsarerarewhenIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.我有时间和孩子们度过一天的时机很少。Pleasedescribeanoccasionwhereyoumetdifficulties.请描述你所遇到的困境的场景。

2.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Thisisthehouse.Ilivedinthehouselastyear.1.Istillrememberthatdaywhen

IfirstcametoNanjing.Istillrememberthatday.IfirstcametoNanjingonthatday.Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.Thisisthehousewhere(=inwhich)Ilivedlastyear.3.Thisisthereasonwhytheboywaspunished.Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)theboywaspunished.1.8介词+关系代词引导的定语从句IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoNanjing.Thisisthehouseinwhich

Ilivedlastyear.Thisisthereasonforwhichtheboywaspunished.Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.一、基本构成1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，即：介词+which(指人）/介词+whom（指物）。

（1）Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.（2）ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedlastyear.1.8介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义1.一先，即根据定语从句中的先行词常用的搭配选择合适的介词。Ineverforgettheday________whichIcametothisschool.2.二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词常用的搭配选择合适的介词。Thisistheman________whomIreferred.3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。Thisismypairofglasses,________whichIcannotseeclearly.ontowithoutDoexercises

答案来啦！！！1.who/that2.of3.when4.where5.where6.why7.whom8.where9.which10.where11.where12.where13.whereMyfavoritemovie______________________________________________(众所周知，兴趣是最好的老师)Inmysparetime,Ilikewatchingfilms,________________________________________________(这丰富我的生活，开阔我的视野)TodayIwanttointroduceamovietoyou,____________________________(它的名字是美丽人生)

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