Unit1PeopleofAchievementDiscoverUsefulStructures非限制性定语从句课件高中英语人教版选择性

DiscoverusefulstructuresTodistinguishnon-restrictiverelativeclausesfromrestrictiverelativeclauses.Tomakesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.restrictiverelativeclausefunction:modifythekindofmedicaltreatmentstheytested.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.non-restrictiverelativeclause

3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.non-restrictiverelativeclause4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.non-restrictiverelativeclause

function:giveextrainformationaboutNobelPrizefunction:giveextrainformationaboutHainanfunction:giveextrainformationaboutpatients定语从句就其与先行词的关系可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。non-restrictiverelativeclauses一、形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔开。如：Thenumberofpeoplewho/thatowncarsisincreasing.IspoketoDr.Smithjustnow,whoisalwaysreadytohelpothers.二、作用不同限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完整；非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影响。如：Franklinwasthefirstmanwhodiscoveredthenatureofelectricity.Franklin,whowasveryyoung,discoveredthenatureofelectricity.先行词往往是抽象，不够具体的先行词：具体，从句旨在补充说明评述先行词或主句三、先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词,也可以是主句的一部分或整个主句。如：Thingsthenimproved,whichsurprisedme.（先行词为整个主句）四、关系词不同限制性定语从句可以由that,why引导，而非限制性定语从句不用that和why引导；关系词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中通常不省略。如：Therewereveryfewpassengersthat/whohadescapedwithoutseriousinjury.Therewereveryfewpassengers,whohadescapedwithoutseriousinjury.Haveyoufoundthebook(that/which)youwant?【拓展】无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，只要关系代词在从句中作定语，都用whose引导。如：Iliketheteacherwhoseclassesareveryinterestingandlively.Edward,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.关系副词或“介词+which/whom”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。如：Hewasbornintheyearwhen/inwhichthewarbrokeout.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,where/inwhichmygrandparentslive.

【语境应用】完成句子。1)Theforeignguests,________(who/that)werescientists,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.2)Myfatherboughtmeseveralbooks,noneof________(which/that)Iliketoread.3)Isthereanyoneinyourclass________(which/whose)familyisinthecity?4)Football,________(which/that)isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.whowhichwhosewhich5)ThestudentswenttothehospitaltoseeMissZhang,________(that/whom)theyrespectgreatly.6)TheywenttotheRoyalTheatre,________(which/where)theysawthegreatshow.7)Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,________(which/that)wasmorethanIhadexpected.8)Thereare50studentsinourclass,halfof________(whom

/who)aregirls.whomwherewhich

whomRewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Howdothesentencesflowdifferently?ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin.步骤：寻找两个句子的相同成分，由此确定先行词/所修饰补充说明的成分，选用合适的引导词（关代、关副），并使用逗号将其主句（传达句子意义的主干部分）和从句在一起。Example1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,where(=inwhich)Hitlerwasinpower.theoldmanHe=?我们对那个老人印象非常深刻，他不愿意承认失败。Germanythere=?后来，爱因斯坦不得不逃离德国，在那里希特勒掌权。Practice3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavoritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,whosecircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavoritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,whichinspiredusalot.她的?_______我们帮不了Linda，她的境况超出了我们的控制。=?______老师要求我们听他最喜爱的小说家J.K.罗琳的演讲，这个（演讲）让我们非常鼓舞。5.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei--afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,China.6.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.Itwasabigchallengeforme.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei--afamousChinese-Americanarchitect,whowasborninGuangzhou,China.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart,whichwasabigchallengeforme.=?_________这个正在建的楼是由美籍华人I.M.裴所设计的，他生于中国广州。=?__我被要求借助流程图来解释这个项目,这件事对我来说是一个很大的挑战。Completethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclausestogiveextrainformation.Thensharethemwithyourgroupmembers.I’dliketotry…,I'dliketotrythatChineseherbalmedicineagain,whichseemstoworkbestformycough.1.Iwouldliketotravelaround…,…2.Whatimpressedmemost…,…3.Myfavoritescientistis…,…4.Finallywearrivedat…,…5.Mygrandparentslike…,…6.Iwishtoobtain…,…7.Mybestfriend…,…Summary限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句provideexplanationorcommentsgiveextrainformationtoanoun,awholesentence,orapartofasentencerestrictanoun/pronounoptionalandremovableessentialformeaning