新教材2024高中英语Unit4SharingSectionIReadingandThinking同步测试新人教版选择性必修第四册

PAGESectionⅠReadingandThinking(1)阅读理解。AHelpingandsupportingothersmaybekeytolivingalongerandhealthierlife,accordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofBaselinSwitzerland.ThefindingspublishedinthejournalEvolutionandHumanBehaviour,showthatgrandparentswhocarefortheirgrandchildrenenjoylongerlifespans.Sodooldpeoplewhocareforotherswithintheirsocialnetworks.UsingdatafromtheBerlinAgingStudy,theresearchersanalysedthelongevity(寿命)andcaregivinghabitsofmorethan500oldpeoplebetweentheagesof70and103.Thestudycomparedgrandparentswhoactedasoccasionalcaregiverswiththosewhodidnot.Italsocomparedthesegrandparentswitholdadultswhodidnothavegrandchildrenbutcaredforpeoplewithintheirsocialnetworks.Thosegrandparentswhodidnotplaytheroleofattendingtograndchildrenweremorelikelytohavediedwithinjustfiveyearsofthetestingperiod.Whilethoseoldadultswhoprovidedsupporttotheirfamilylivedforanextrasevenyearsonaverageandthoseprovidedsupporttotheirsocialnetworkslivedforanextrafouryearsonaverage.Althoughthenewstudyonlyfocusedonoldadults,it’ssafetoassumethatthehealthbenefitsofhelpingandtakingcareofothersalsoreachthoseofallages.However,it’simportanttonotethattoomuchcaregivingoftenhasjusttheoppositeeffect.There’saclearlinkbetweentoomuchcaregivingandanumberofnegativephysicalandmentalhealthconsequences.1.Howmanygroupsofoldpeopleareinvolvedinthestudy?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.解析:细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终两句可知有三组老年人参与了这项探讨。故选B。答案:B2.Whatdoestheresearchshow?A.Oldpeoplearemorelikelytosupportothers.B.Grandparentslivelongerthanchildlessoldadults.C.Supportingotherspreventsdiseasesofoldpatients.D.Helpingothersproperlyhasagoodeffectonhealth.解析:推理推断题。依据最终一段首句“Althoughthenewstudyonlyfocusedonoldadults,it’ssafetoassumethatthehealthbenefitsofhelpingandtakingcareofothersalsoreachthoseofallages.”可推知,正确地帮助别人对健康有很好的影响。故选D。答案:D3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Reducingcaregivingcanavoidbadhealth.B.It’sagoodqualityofallagestobehelpful.C.Caregivingisnotalwaysbeneficialtohealth.D.Mentaldisorderisoftencausedbymuchcaregiving.解析:推理推断题。依据最终一段中“However,it’simportanttonotethattoomuchcaregivingoftenhasjusttheoppositeeffect.There’saclearlinkbetweentoomuchcaregivingandanumberofnegativephysicalandmentalhealthconsequences.”可推知,照料别人并不总是有益于健康。故选C。答案:CBAnyonewhohasevervolunteeredforanycausecantellyouthatintheend,theyfeltthattheygainedmorefromtheexperiencethantheygave.Thisistrueformostexamplesofreachingouttohelpothers.Wefindthatwegainnewunderstandingaboutnotonlythosewehelp,butourselvesaswell.Stressingtheimportanceofhelpingothersinmartialarts,studentswillbenefitthemselvesbothinsideandoutsideoftheclass.Helpingothersstrengthensfamilies.Familiesthatpractisethebeliefofworkingtogetherandhelpingeachotherpreparetheirchildrenfortheconceptofteamworkoutsideofthehomeenvironment.Bylearningtohelparoundthehousethroughactivitiessuchashouseholdjobs,baby-sittingandkeepingatidybedroom,childrenlearnvaluablelessonsthattheycarrywiththemtotheirfuturerelationships.Byhelpingothersoutsideofthehomeenvironment,valuablefriendshipscanbedeveloped.Whenwelearntoreachouttoothersandgiveoffourtimeandtalentswefindthatourfriendshipsgrow,whichinturnisabenefittoourlives.Martialartstrainingsupportsthisbyexposingstudentstopeopleofvariousbackgroundsandbeliefsthatgatherforacommongoalandtohelpeachother.Anytimeagroupofpeopleareworkingtowardsacommongoal,teamspiritsurelyforms.Whenwehelpeachotherinthemartialartssettingandineveryareaofourlives,afriendshipisformedthatpromotesteamwork.Themostimportantthingtorealiseisthatitdoesnottakealottomakealothappen.Littlethingscanmakeabigdifferenceintheareaofhelpingothers.Simplegesturesofkindnessandsupportgivenfrequentlycanbuildastrongbaseforthegrowthanddevelopmentofeachindividualwhichleadstothesuccessofall.4.Whywillanyvolunteerbenefitfromtheexperience?A.Theywillbeadmittedtoamartialartsclassforfree.B.Theycanalsohaveabetterunderstandingofthemselves.C.Theycanunderstandtheimportanceofmartialartsbetter.D.Theywillbepaidbackbythosewhoarehelpedsoonerorlater.解析:细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Wefindthatwegainnewunderstandingaboutnotonlythosewehelp,butourselvesaswell.”可知,任何志愿者都可以在这个活动中受益,因为他们可以更好地了解自己。故选B。答案:B5.Whyismartialartstrainingvaluableaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itpromotesstudents’teamspirit.B.Itdevelopsstudents’talents.C.Itbenefitsstudents’lives.D.Itexposesstudents’backgrounds.解析:细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Martialartstraining...tohelpeachother.Anytimeagroupofpeopleareworkingtowardsacommongoal,teamspiritsurelyforms.”可知,作者认为武术训练是有价值的,因为它可以提升孩子们的团队精神。故选A。答案:A6.Whichofthefollowingproverbscanbeusedtosummarisethelastparagraph?A.Manydropsmakeashower.B.Striketheiron(铁)whileitishot.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.解析:推理推断题。依据最终一段前两句“Themostimportantthingtorealiseisthatitdoesnottakealottomakealothappen.Littlethingscanmakeabigdifferenceintheareaofhelpingothers.”可知,在帮助别人的时候,一些小的事情可以产生很大的影响。“Manydropsmakeashower.”意为“涓涓清泉汇成流,滴滴水珠聚成雨”。故选A。答案:ACHaveyoueverconsideredvolunteering?Itgivesyouachancetomakecontributions.You’llfeelasenseofpridethatyouarevolunteeringyourtime,andalocalorganisationwillbenefit,too.Buthowtovolunteer?Followthethreestepsbeforeyouenjoyit.Pickanorganisation.7.You’relikelytobehappierandvolunteerlongeratanorganisationthatsupportsacauseyoucareabout.Forexample,ifyou’reinterestedinanimalwelfare,maybeyouwanttovolunteeratananimalshelter.Muchlikejobsearchsites,youcanalsousevolunteerwebsiteslikeVolunteerMatchtohelpyoufindvolunteeropportunitiesinyourarea.Ifyoustillcan’tnarrowdownwhereyouwanttovolunteer,startaskingpeopleyouknowwheretheyvolunteer.8.

Beclearwhatyoucanoffer.Firstidentifyyourskills.Forexample,maybeyoucouldwritebrochuresforlocalnonprofitsifwritingisyourstyle.9.Youneedtobesurehowmuchtimeyoucangivetoanorganisationbasedonyourothercommitments.Ifyoutrytodotoomuch,you’remorelikelytogiveup.

10.Treattheapplicationlikeajob.Spendsometimepreparingfortheinterview,muchasyouwouldforajobinterview.11.Askwhat’sexpectedofvolunteers.Forinstance,volunteersatamuseummaybeexpectedtolearnpartsofthegalleriestogivetours.Startvolunteeringslowly.Thatis,it’sbettertocommittojustalittlebitoftimeatfirsttoseeifyoulikevolunteeringattheorganisation.

A.Applyandgetstarted.B.Volunteerinpersonoronline.C.Thendon’tforgettoreviewyourweeklyschedule.D.You’dbetterfocusonthecausesyoulikeverymuch.E.Youmayfindoneofthemhastheperfectopportunityforyou.F.Itisalsoatimeforyoutojudgewhethertheorganisationisfitforyou.G.Firstfindanorganisationthat’sagoodfitforyou,andthendecidewhatyouhavetooffer.7.解析:依据下文“You’relikelytobehappierandvolunteerlongeratanorganisationthatsupportsacauseyoucareabout.”可知,空处表示“你最好关注一下你特别喜爱的事业”。故选D。答案:D8.解析:依据上文“Ifyoustillcan’tnarrowdownwhereyouwanttovolunteer,startaskingpeopleyouknowwheretheyvolunteer.”可知,空处表示“你可能会发觉其中一个对你来说绝好的机会”。故选E。答案:E9.解析:依据下文“Youneedtobesurehowmuchtimeyoucangivetoanorganisationbasedonyourothercommitments.”可知,空处表示“然后不要遗忘回顾你的每周支配”。故选C。答案:C10.解析:依据下文“Treattheapplicationlikeajob.”可知,本段中心句是“申请并起先行动”。故选A。答案:A11.解析:依据上文“Spendsometimepreparingfortheinterview,muchasyouwouldforajobinterview.”可知,空处表示“它也是你评估这个组织是否适合你的时候”。F项中的it是指上文的做打算。故选F。答案:FReadingandThinking(2)[基础测评]Ⅰ.单句语法填空。1.Achildusuallygoesto(second)schoolataboutageoftwelve.

2.Therewasachorusagreementfromthecommittee.

3.Therearemanycreamsavailablefromthe(chemical)whichshouldcleartheinfection.4.Aneconomicboomfollowed,especiallyin(house)andconstruction.5.I’m(die)togetovermyshyness.

6.Ihavebeen(privilege)toworkwiththepioneersofsilicontechnology.

7.Therecanbelittledoubthewillmakethemistakeagain.

8.Shedoubtedtheaccidentcouldbeavoided.

9.I’mwaitingfortheapplesto(ripe).

10.Thebooklookedfaded,(dust)andunused.

答案:1.secondary2.of3.chemist4.housing5.dying6.privileged7.that8.whether/if9.ripen10.dustyⅡ.用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。adaptoneselfto,nottomention,bedyingfor,upto,bemadeof,berelevantto,stickout,makeadifference,participatein,dryup1.Hehastwobighousesinthiscountry,hisvillainFrance.

2.Thetapsappearedtosolidgold.

3.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthattheynewenvironmentveryeasily.

4.Iacupofgreenteaaftertheexhaustingwork.

5.Icantakefourpeopleinmycar.

6.Howcantheyandworkforatobacco-freeworld?

7.ThephotoshowedEdwardwithveryshorthairandhisears.

8.Iwillhavetoasportingactivitythatday.

9.Overthecenturiesofdrought,thewater.

10.Topicsforconversationshouldtheexperienceandinterestsofthestudents.

答案:1.nottomention2.bemadeof3.adaptthemselvesto4.amdyingfor5.upto6.makeadifference7.stickingout8.participatein9.driedup10.berelevanttoⅢ.语法填空。JowasanAustralian1.(voluntary)teacherwhowas2.(die)tohelpthechildreninPapuaNewGuinea.Thehighschool3.sheworkedwasabushschool,whoseclassroomsweremadeofbambooandgrass.TheotherdaywhenJowasshowingtheboysa4.(chemist)experiment,themixturewasbubblingbeforesheknewit.Theboyswhohadnevercome5.anythinglikethatbeforeweresofrightenedthattheystartedjumpingoutofthewindows.SometimesJowonderedifchemistrywasrelevant6.thekidsanddoubtedwhethershe’smakingany7.(different)totheboys’lives.

LastweekendJoandanotherteachervisitedaremotevillagewhichwasthehomeofoneoftheboys,Tombe.Whentheyarrived,Tombe’sfatherledthemtohishouse,alowbamboohutwithgrass8.(stick)outoftheroof.Withoutwindows,thehutwassodarkinsidethatittooktimefortheireyes9.(adjust).Afterdinner,Jolistenedtothefamilytalkingsoftlytoeachotherthoughshecouldn’tparticipatemuchintheirconversation.Shethoughtitwasa10.(privileged)tohavespentadaywithTombe’sfamily.

答案:1.volunteer2.dying3.where4.chemistry5.across6.to7.difference8.sticking9.toadjust10.privilege[提升测评]Ⅳ.阅读理解。Thereisnodoubtthatteenstodayareextremelybusy.Homeworkpilesupandextracurricular(课外的)activitiesaretime-consuming.Often,teenshavetotakepartinasportoractivityafterschool,andtheyareupuntil10:00orlaterdoinghomework.Gettingteenagersinvolvedinvolunteeropportunitiescangivethemasenseofaccomplishmentthatisnotconnectedwithsportsorschool.Teenagersareoftenintheirownlittleworld.Helpingthemgetinvolvedinvolunteeropportunitiesistheperfectwayforthemtoopenupthatworldandgivetheirtimetoagoodcause.Thekeytogettingteensinvolvedinvolunteerworkistofindanopportunitythatwillfitintotheirscheduleandfindsomethingthatintereststhem.Also,keepitclosetohome.Iftheyhavetotravelalongdistancetovolunteer,it’slesslikelytobeaccomplished.Mysonhashelpedwiththelocallibrary’sreadingprogrammefortwosummers.Itisclosetohomeandthescheduleisveryelastic.Wegoinandchoosedaysthatworkwithhisscheduleandhevolunteersforabout2hoursatatime.Heisresponsibleforhelpingkidsgetsignedupforthesummerreadingprogrammeandhelpingthemrecordthehourstheyread.Itisonlyaone-weektimecommitment,butitisveryrewarding.Whenteensdovolunteerwork,theyoftenseethatthereareothersmoreneedythanthemselves.Theyalsolearntimemanagement.Yourteenwillbecomeamorerounded,lessself-centredindividual.Collegesseethousandsofstudentsapplyingforadmissioneveryyear.Ifyourteenhasshownthedevotiontovolunteerinthecommunity,itcangivehimorhertheadvantageforcollegeadmissionorscholarshipopportunities.So,volunteeringisgoodfortheirpresentandtheirfuture!1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theheavyloadsfacedbyteenstoady.B.Thebenefitsofvolunteeringforteens.C.Theauthor’sson’svolunteerexperience.D.Therequirementsofvolunteering.解析:主旨大意题。依据文章第一段最终一句和其次段最终一句可知,让年轻人做志愿工作可以让他们获得学习之外的成就感,并开阔他们的眼界;再依据最终一段最终两句可知,志愿工作可以让年轻人获得更多进入高校的机会,对孩子的现在和将来都有很大的好处。故选B。答案:B2.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardshisson’svolunteering?A.Heneverthoughthissonwouldvolunteer.B.Hetriestolimithisson’svolunteertime.C.Hesupportshissoninvolunteering.D.Heisn’tconcernedabouthisson’svolunteering.解析:推理推断题。依据第四段中“Wegoinandchoosedaysthatworkwithhisschedule...”可知,作者陪伴儿子去图书馆选择适合他的课程支配的日期。由此可知,作者是支持自己的儿子去参与志愿工作的。故选C。答案:C3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“elastic”inthefourthparagraph?A.Independent. B.Tight.C.Precious. D.Flexible.解析:词义揣测题。依据画线词的后一句“Wegoinandchoosedaysthatworkwithhisscheduleandhevolunteersforabout2hoursatatime.”可知,作者和儿子依据自己的时间支配选择去参与志愿工作的时间,这说明这项志愿工作的时间是比较敏捷的。故选D。答案:DⅤ.完形填空。Mother’sactionsometimesreallytouchedme.ManyyearsagoIjoinedherin1somemoneytobuildsmallhousesforsixpoorfamilies.Aftertheirhouseswerecompleted,with2intheirhearts,wewereinvitedfortheirhouse-warmingceremonies.Wefeltsatisfiedafterseeingthemwith3overtheirheads.ThiswasthetimewhenIwasstill4.

Severalyearslater,myparentspassedawayandIalsoleftmyworkbecauseofage.Inorderto5thechangeofmylife,Itookameditation(冥想)triptoThailand.Everyyearplentyof6meditatorsgotothemeditationcentresthereandaregivenseparatelivingareas,wheretwopeople7asingleroomwithabathandtoilet,8thelocalmeditatorsstaytogetherinalargehall.

Thatyear,themeditationcentrewascompletelyfull.9,manymeditatorshadtosharethecottagesnearby.But,tomysurprise,Iwasallowedtohaveacottageonlyformyself.How10!

InthenightwhenIwasinbed,IbegantothinkaboutwhyIhadbeentreated11.Inaflash,IrememberedthehappyfacesofthepeopletowhommymotherandIhadgiftedhomes,whichincluded12sixpiecesofmymother’slandfromherparents.Tomethiswasatinyvillage.

That13struckmesomuchthatIrealisedtheeffectsofkindactsripeninthislifeitself.Iamgratefultomymotherandherancestorsandtheirs,etc.fortheirlifestyle.Iamsureitwill14fromourgeneration.

Whenyougive,givewithapureheart—don’texpectanythinginreturn15thepossibilitythatsomeonemayrepayyourkindnessoneday.

1.A.lending B.raisingC.spending D.donating解析:lend借出;raise哺育;spend花费;donate捐赠。依据后文为了六个贫困的家庭建房子可知是捐赠的善心活动。故选D。答案:D2.A.kindness B.faithC.appreciation D.satisfaction解析:kindness善心;faith信仰;appreciation感谢;satisfaction满足。依据语境可知,贫困家庭的人是感谢的。故选C。答案:C3.A.roofs B.stairsC.curtains D.lights解析:roof屋顶;stair楼梯;curtain窗帘;light灯。依据语境可知,看到他们有房子住作者他们很满足,此处应当是“头上有房顶”。故选A。答案:A4.A.optimistic B.employedC.ambitious D.confused解析:optimistic乐观的;employed被雇用的;ambitious有野心的;confused混乱的。依据语境可知,那时候作者还在工作。下一段中的“...myparentspassedawayandIalsolef