北京市西城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷2

北京市西城区2022—2023学年度第一学期期末试卷高一英语本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷(共75分)Ⅰ.听力理解(共三节，22.5分)第一节:(共4小题;每小题1.5分，共6分)听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Howmuchwillthewomanlendtheman?A.100yuan.B.200yuan.C.300yuan.2.Whydoesn’tthewomaneatdessert?A.Becauseshecan’tgetany.B.Becauseshedoesn’tlikeit.C.Becauseshehasastomachache.3.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Workmates.B.Relatives.C.Classmates.4.Whichclubwillthemanprobablyjoin?A.TheBasketballClub.B.ThePaintingClub.C.TheRobotClub.第二节:(共6小题;每小题1.5分，共9分)听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anemail.B.Aproject.C.Acollege.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasmadesomenewfriends.B.Hehasalreadyfinishedthevideoproject.C.Hewantstoknowotherstudentsinthecollege.听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。7.Whatdoesthemanprefer?A.Readingrealbooks.B.Readingonhisphone.C.Readingonputers.8.Whatwillbethetopicoftheirspeech?A.Newwaysofreading.B.Disadvantagesofdigitalreading.C.Changesofpeople’sreadinghabits.听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。9.Whatisthemandoing?A.Offeringhelp.B.Askingforadvice.C.Makinganapology.10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanisworkingfulltime.B.Themanhasdecidedtoquithisjob.C.Themanhasseenthecourseintroduction.第三节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。IntroductiontoEcolifeAgriculturalParkAimtogiveeducationalopportunitiestothe11toawakeninterestinplantlifetoprovidevisitorsenjoymentAreasGreenRanchWe12differentanimals.Fish13Manyofthefisharefor14.AngelGardenAwidevarietyof15aregrown.II.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Nixon,59yearsold,wasbornandgrewupinSt.Petersburg.Eachmorning,hesitsonabench,watchesthesunrise,andconnectswith___1___fromallwalksoflife.Eightyearsago,hedecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwithanimpressiveviewoftheSt.Petersburgwaterfront(圣彼得堡海滨),becauseitmadehimfeelcalmand___2___beforestartinghisday.Aboutayearlater,awomanstoppedtosayhello,andshesaidsomethingthat___3___Nixon’sviewonhisdailyvisit.Shesaid,“EverymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,IknoweverythingisgoingtobeOK.”That’swhenNixon___4___heneededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalkingpast.Insteadofstaringstraightaheadatthewaterfront,Nixonstarted___5___atpeopleandtalkingtothem.Andprettysoon,someearlyrisersbegan___6___himonthebench,sometimessharingtheirpressureandaskinghimforadviceaboutpersonalproblems.Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantsto___7___,Nixonlendsanear.Oneday,acouplecamebytotalkabouttheirproblems.Thehusbandwasalwaysworking.Itwasruiningtheir___8___.Nixontoldhim,“Youhavetoknowwhat’sreallyimportant.”Themanadmittedhe’dputeverythinghehadintohis___9___formanyyearsinsteadoffocusingonhisfamily.“Hestartedtocryandagreedthatheneededto____10____,”Nixonsays,“Wehuggedeachotherandbecamefriendsafterthat.”Nixonwasalwayshappytolisten,andhelistenswithout____11____andwithoutanykindofreturnexpected.“Youhavetolistenwithanopenheart,becauseyouneverknowwho’sgoingtowalkup,”Nixonsays.Heisalovingandloyal____12____tomany.Forthosewhowalkedpastthebench,theywerealways____13____withasmileandaskedhowtheyweredoing.Notopicisofflimits,butsomepeopledon’twanttotalk.Theysimplywanttositnexttosomeoneandsharethe____14____.OnceawomanstoppedandjustsatwithNixonforanhour;thenshesaidthanksandwalkedaway.Shejustwantedamomentofpeaceandtoknowshewasn’t____15____.Andatthatmoment,shetrulywasn’t.1.A.teenagers B.relatives C.strangers D.neighbors2.A.peaceful B.excited C.proud D.surprised3.A.formed B.changed C.developed D.supported4.A.agreed B.realized C.imagined D.remembered5.A.pointing B.laughing C.shouting D.smiling6.A.joining B.noticing C.leaving D.praising7.A.air B.face C.hear D.create8.A.fame B.success C.marriage D.privacy9.A.health B.hobbies C.kids D.job10.A.giveup B.calmdown C.speakup D.slowdown11.A.emotion B.consideration C.judgment D.interest12.A.guide B.teacher C.friend D.workmate13.A.hugged B.greeted C.peted D.satisfied14.A.secrets B.worries C.happiness D.silence15.A.sad B.alone C.stressed D.hopelessIII.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARecreationalSportsMembershipOhioStateUniversityhassomeofthebestrecreationfacilities(设施)inthecountry.OurRecreationandPhysicalActivityCenter(RPAC)hasopenedinthepast10years,whosefacilitiesandprogramsaredesignedtofitallyourneedsandschedule.RPACMembershipRightsAmembershipisyourtickettotakeadvantageofallthefacilitiesandprograms.ClassesandprogramsGroupfitness,sportclubsandoutdooradventureprogramsareonlyavailabletocurrentRPACmembers.Youcanattendunlimitedfreegroupfitnessclassesaspartofyourmembership.Anextrapaymentwillberequiredifyoupreferpersonaltrainingclasses.GuestsandFamilyParticipationMembersmaysponsoruptotwoguestsduringavisit.AdailyguestpassisrequiredforeachguesttoenterRPAC,andmembersmustbepresentatthetimeofbuyingapass.Thepassisacceptedatallfacilitiesforunlimitedreentriesinaonedayperiod.RPACaimstoofferafamilyfriendlyenvironment.Membersareabletoenjoyqualitytimewiththeirfamiliesfreeofchargeinavarietyoffamilyfriendlyacmodationsincludingfamilychangingrooms,theLoungegameroom,andLeisurepool.LockerandTowelRentalRPACoffersfullservicemen’sandwomen’slockerroomsfeaturinglargeandmediumsizelockers,whichcanberentedeithermonthlyoryearly.RPACtowelserviceisavailableinadditiontodaylockersatvariouslocationsthroughoutthefacility.RPACMembershipResponsibilitiesInanefforttocreateawelingandsafeenvironmentforallmembers,youhavetheresponsibilitytofollowthefollowingpolicies:Filmingandphotographyinthefacilitiesmustbeapprovedinadvance.Cellphonephotographyandvideoarenotpermittedinlockerrooms.Fightingandroughplayarenotpermittedinallfacilities.Shoesarerequiredinallpublicareasofallindoorfacilities,exceptforlockerroomsandswimmingpools.AllequipmentcheckedoutfromRPACmustbereturnedattherequiredcheckintimeYoumaybechargedfortheequipmentreturnedlateordamaged.PleasecontactmemberservicesifyouhaveanyotherquestionsaboutyourRPACmembership.16.WhatcanaRPACmemberdoforfree?A.EnjoyfamilytimeinLeisurepool.B.Attendpersonaltrainingclasses.C.Usealockerforawholeyear.D.Takeaguesttoallfacilities.17.Whichisoneofthemember’sresponsibilities?A.Wearingshoesinallpublicareas.B.Nocellphoneuseinlockerrooms.C.Nofilmingandphotographyinallareas.D.Returningcheckedoutequipmentontime.18.Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom______.A.auniversitywebsite B.aresearchpaperC.asciencemagazine D.agovernmentreportBAchildsciencegenius(天才)haswowedhisprofessorsandclassmatesbybeingacollegegraduateattheageof13.ElliottTannerrecentlygraduatedfromtheUniversityofMinnesotawithabachelor’s(学士)degreeinphysics,withaminorinmathematics.Elliott’sparentsareveryproudofthehardworkanddevotionheshowedtogethisdegreeatsuchayoungageandarepleasedthathehasbeeaninspirationtolotsofpeople.Elliott’smomsaid,“Healsoinspiresustobebetterpeopleeveryday.”Elliott’sparentsfirstrealizedtheirsonwasgiftedattheage3,whenhedisplayedamazinglanguageandmathskills.Itbecameclearthatatraditionaleducationexperiencewouldnotbeagoodfitforhim.Elliottwasthenhomeschooledbyhisparents.“Elliottendeduplearningandusinginformationquickerthanwecouldprovideit,”hismotheradded.Byage9,Elliotthadalreadypletedmostofthenormalhighschoolcourses,andhisparentswerestrugglingtokeepupwithhim.Sotheysenthimtothelocalmunitycollege,whereElliottreallydevelopedhispassion(热爱)forphysics.“Foralongtime,Iwantedtobeamathematician,”Elliottsaid.“ThenIwasintroducedtoaphysicsclass,andthatreallyinspiredmetolearnmoreaboutthesecretsoftheworld.”Whenhewas11yearsold,ElliottmovedtotheUniversityofMinnesotatostartstudyingphysicsandmath.Althoughhiscollegeexperienceisalittledifferentfromthatofhisclassmates,Elliottstillhangsoutwithhispeersinthestudentlounge,discussinghomework,debatingphysicstopicsorwatchingmovies.Beingwithpeoplethatarejustaspassionateaboutphysicsasheishasbeenpleasingenoughforhim.OneofthebiggestchallengesElliottandhisfamilyhavefacediscriticismonlinefrompeoplewhomakejudgmentsaboutwhathislifemustbelike.Manypeoplebelievehecan’thavemanysocialskills.However,Elliotthasalwaysenjoyedinteractingwithkidshisownage.Helovesplayingwithotherneighborhoodchildren,andjustliketheotherkids,ElliottgoestrickortreatingonHalloween,butinanacademicway:HedressesupasAlbertEinstein,hisfavoritescientist.ElliotthasbeenacceptedintotheUniversityofMinnesota’sPhDprogramandwillstarthisstudynextyear.InthefutureElliottaimstobeaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesotaandbeeanexpertinphysics.“Ican’twaittogetstarted,”hesaid.19.WhatdidElliott’sparentsdowhentheyrealizedhewasgifted?A.Theysenthimtoanormalhighschool.B.Theyaskedforadvicefromuniversities.C.Theytaughthimbythemselvesathome.D.Theyhelpedhimfitintotraditionaleducation.20.WhenElliottmovedtotheUniversityofMinnesota,he______.A.discoveredhispassionforphysicsB.enjoyedstayingwithhisclassmatesC.dressedupasAlbertEinsteininclassD.refusedtoplaywithkidshisownage21.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Elliotthasfewsocialskills.B.Elliottlovesexploringtheworld.C.Elliotthasnotalentforlanguage.D.Elliotthopestobeamathematician.22.FromElliott’sstory,weknowthat______.A.physicsisthemostimportantsubjectB.childrenshouldbeeducatedathomeC.geniusesneedsupportjustaswedoD.theearlierkidsstartschool,thebetterCIfyou’retiredofyourphone,you’renotalone.Peoplereceivebetweenaround60and80dailynotifications(通知)onaverage,andsomeofusmaygetasmanyas200.Theseseeminglyendlessdingsandbuzzescanreallyaffectourwellbeing.Researchhaslinkedthemtodepressionandanxiety,andtheymayevencauseproblemsassociatedwithADHD(多动症).Theseoutesmayresultfromthefactthatfrequentphoneinterruptionsincreaseourcognitiveload(认知负荷),ortheamountofinformationprocessedbytheworkingmemory.Weonlyhavesomuchmentalcapacity,andtheextraeffortittakestoswitchbetweentaskscanmakeustired,lessfocusedanddisrupt(扰乱)emotionalregulation.Additionally,inthisstate,weevenexperiencealessaccurateperceptionoftime—wefeeltimeispassingfasterthaninreality,whichwouldeventuallyleadustooverlookresultsandcausehurrieddecisions,forexample,buyingapriceydresswithoutthinkingitthrough.Withthefactthatcellphonenotificationscanmesswithourbrains,scientistshavesoughtoutwaystocounteracttheseeffects.Onepossiblesolution:Schedulingnotificationsintobatches(批次)thatarriveatcertaintimesofthedaywiththehelpofcertainapps.Forexample,youcouldchoosetokeepthingsquietexceptforat7am,noonand5pmtogowithwakingup,takingalunchbreakandheadinghomefromschool.Ina2019study,researchersassigned237participants(参与者)intothreegroups,includingthosewhoreceivedalltheirnotificationsthreetimesaday,hourly,ornoneatall.Thethreetimesadaygroupsaidtheyfeltmoreproductive,attentive,inabettermoodandingreatercontroloftheirphonesthantheothertwogroups,whilethenotificationfreegroupexperiencedmoreanxietyandfearofmissingout.Besides,someresearchershavearguedthatmorepersonalizeduserdesignispossible.Developersshouldpayattentiontohowpeopleinteractwiththeirdevices.Withthehelpofamachinelearningmodel,ourphonecanautomaticallylearnfromourpastbehaviorwhattypesofnotificationwewanttoreceivefirst,suchasmessagesfromrelatives.Thus,certainnotificationscanbedeliveredatsuitabletimes.Thishighlyindividualizedmethodcouldbebeneficial,butmoreindividualitymeansmorephonemonitoring,whichintroducesyetanotherproblem:Inthestruggletofreeourselvesfromtechaddiction,itisn’tclearwhethermoremonitoringisthesolution,orjustaddingmorefueltothefire.23.Whatisthepossibleresultoffrequentphonenotifications?A.Theworkingmemoryprocesseslessinformation.B.Timepassesfasterthanwhatweareusuallyusedto.C.Wetendtohavedistractionandemotionaldisruptions.D.Weweighthepossibleresultsbeforemakingdecisions.24.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2019study?A.Thestudylastedthreeyears.B.Theparativemethodwasused.C.Thenoneatallgroupfeltmoreproductive.D.Participantswereaddictedtotheirmobilephones.25.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Depressionandanxietyleadustorelyonourphones.B.Addingextraphonemonitoringcanfreeusfromtechaddiction.C.Thefewerphonenotificationsreceived,thebetterwecontrolourphones.D.Personalizeduserdesignhelpsphonesdecidewhatnotificationsefirst.26.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Towarnusagainstthephoneoveruse.B.TodrawourattentiontotheproblemsofADHD.C.Tostresstheimportanceofcontrollingourphones.D.Todiscusswaystohandlefrequentphonenotifications.DStudentsmeetattheuniversitycampusforclassesduringtheir20s.Thisclassicalmodeloftime,actionandplacehastraditionallyproducedfamousuniversities,butitisnowchallengedbythedigitalizationofsociety—whichallowseverybodywhoisconnectedtotheInternettoaccesslearning—andbytheneedtoacquireskillsinstepwithfastdevelopmentoftechnology.Universitiesmustrealizethatlearninginthe20swon’tbeenough.Byteachingfoundationalknowledgeanduptodateskills,universitiesneedtoprovidestudentswiththefutureproofskillsoflifelonglearning,notjustgetthem‘jobready’.Someuniversitiesalreadyplayanimportantroleinlifelonglearningastheywanttokeepthevalueoftheirdiplomas(文凭).Thisnewroleeswithahugesetofchallengesandneedslargelytobeinvented.Onewaytostartthistransformationprocesscouldbetogobeyondthe‘diplomamodel’toadaptuniversityeducationtolifelonglearning.Wecallthismodelthelifelonglearningpassport.TheBachelor’sdegreecouldbestudents’passporttolifelonglearning.Forthefirstfewyearsstudentswould‘learntolearn’andgetendowedwithreasoningskillsthatremainwiththemfortherestoftheirlives.Forinstance,physicsallowsstudentstoobserveandintegrate(融合)observationsintomodelsand,sometimes,modelsintotheoriesorlawsthatcanbeusedtomakepredictions.Mathematicsisthelanguageusedtodevelopthelawsofphysicsoreconomy.Thesetwosubjectsnaturallyformthebasicpillars(支柱)ofeducationintechnicaluniversities.Recentadvancesinputationalmethodsanddatasciencepushusintorethinkingscienceandengineering.putersincreasinglybeethemostimportantactorsinprocessingdataandformulatingquestions,whichrequirespletelynewwaysofreasoning.Therefore,anewsubjectintegratingputerscience,programming,statisticsandmachinelearningshouldbeaddedtothetraditionalfoundationaltopicsofmathematicsandphysics.Thesethreepillarswouldallowyoutokeeplearningtechnicalsubjectsallyourlife.Accordingtothisnewmodel,theMasterofScience(MSc)wouldbeethefirststampinthelifelonglearningjourney.ThenewMScdiplomabeesasetofacplishedprojectsandalistoftechnicalskills.Itisopenendedandmustbeupdatedthroughoutlife,astechnologiesandtheirapplicationschangefasterthanever.Universitieshaveafundamentalroletoplayinthisjourney,andhighereducationisinforachange.Theolduniversitymodelproducedtalentandvalueforsociety.Wearenotsupportingitsabolition(废除)butrathercallingfortheadaptationofitscharacteristicstomeettheneedsoftoday.27.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Technologicaldevelopmentchallengestheuniversitymodel.B.Theclassicalmodelservesfamousuniversitieswell.C.Studentsdon’tmeetatcampusduetodigitalization.D.Universitiescontinuetoimproveworkerskills.28.Whatcanbelearntfromthepassage?A.ThestudentsgetalifelongpassportwithaBachelor’sdegree.BThethreepillarshelpwithcontinuouslearningintechnology.C.Physicsandmathematicsareenoughforlearningtechnology.D.MScprogrammesarethemostimportantforlifelonglearning.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getendowedwith”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Beconcernedwith. B.Makeroomfor.C.Beequippedwith. D.Makepreparationsfor.30.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ChangestouniversityprojectsB.ImportanceofLifelongLearningC.DevelopmentofFurtherEducationD.NecessitytoAdaptUniversityModel第Ⅱ卷(共65分)Ⅰ.选词填空(共7小题;每小题2分，共14分)用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。able,care,cheer,annual,challenge,benefit,kind31.Shetoldmetobe______andlookonthebrightside.32.Growingupinabigcity,hefoundlivinginthevillagewas______.33.Themusicfestivalisheld______inShanghai.Igotheretoenjoymusiceveryyear.34.Therearemany______ofdoingsports.Forexample,itcanreducestress.35.Theaccidentwasdueto______driving.36.Listeningtomusic______ustofeelrelaxed.37.Youshouldnottakeadvantageofhis______bydemandingtoomuch.II.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。38.Tony______(travel)tothevillageschoolwithaneagerheartin2010.(所给词的适当形式填空)39.Isitpossiblethathumanworkers______(replace)byrobotsinthenearfuture?(所给词的适当形式填空)40.Asatradition,allthefamilymembersgathertogether______(celebrate)theMidAutumnFestival.(所给词的适当形式填空)41.Thepark______isinthecenteroftownhasbeautiful,bigtrees.（用适当的单词填空）42.Lastyear,hundredsofpanies______(attract)totheInternationalImportExpo.(所给词的适当形式填空)43.Thisprojectcanoffervaluablehelptostudents______havedifficultiesingettingcertainknowledge.(用适当的词填空)44.Althoughtheywere______(disappoint)attheresultofthegame,theyknewtheexperiencewasworthmorethananyprize.(所给词的适当形式填空)45.Ifyou’dlikesomeinspiration,wehavealotofspeakers______lecturescangiveyousomeawesomeideas.(用适当的词填空)46.Scientistsallovertheworldareseekingagoodway______(prevent)depression.(所给词的适当形式填空)47.BeforemovingtoLondon,Ithoughtcitylifemustbe______(excite)andfullofsurprises.(所给词的适当形式填空)III.完成句子(共5小题;第63、64题每题2分,第65、66、67题每题3分,共13分)根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。48.他们在湖边搭起了一个帐篷。(putup)(汉译英)49.我将努力准时到达。(makeaneffort)(汉译英)50.我们要关注自己身边发生的变化。(focuson)(汉译英)51.一进博物馆，那漂亮的海报就吸引了我的目光。(catchone’seye)(汉译英)52.如果你对这个活动感兴趣，请下周一之前来报名。(signup)(汉译英)IV.阅读表达(共4小题;每小题2分,共8分)阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Ihadagreatinterestinresearchingthetopicofhowtoimproveyoursenseofdirection,becausemyownsenseofdirectionisabsolutelyterrible.Takegoingtothetoiletinarestaurant,forexample.Icanfindmywaythereeasilyenoughbecausetherearesignspointingmeintherightdirection.Butgettingbacktomytableisanotherstory.Afterall,therearenohelpfulsignssaying,“Thisiswhereyouweresittinglessthanfiveminutesago”.However,ratherthanacceptthesituationofmyselffrequentlywalkingintocupboardsandbacktrackingdowndeadends,I’mdeterminedtogivemysenseofdirectionamuchneededimprovement.Nowadays,ofcourse,it’seasytorelyonGPS(全球卫星定位系统)tofindyourway.Butifyoureallywanttoimproveyoursenseofdirection,it’sagoodideatocountonyourself.Studyingamapandmemorizingthewaybeforeyousetoutdoeshaveitsbenefits—notleastbecausetheamountofmentalenergyitrequiresmeansit’smorelikelytostickinyourmind.Lookingatelectronicmapsonabigscreen—orevenstudyingapapermap—als