山东专用届高考英语一轮复习专题十二介词动词短语课件

专题十二介词和动词短语高考英语

(山东专用)A组

2017—2019年高考模拟·考点基础题组题组一介词1.(2019山东邹城高三质检,67)Overthepastdecade,aglobalpushtoreducehungerandextreme

povertyhasmarkedsomesignificantsuccesses,partlythanks

theeffortsofmanyinterna-

tionalorganizations.三年模拟答案tothanksto幸亏,由于。2.(2019北京海淀期末,1)Itisfullofculturalheritage(遗产)andfamous

itsnatural

scenery.答案forbefamousfor因……而出名。3.(2019浙江金华十校模拟,61)

thehelpofneighbors,theseniormanmadeaPeppamodel

withironandsteel.答案Withwiththehelpofsb.表示“在某人的帮助下”。题组二动词短语1.(2019山东泰安3月一模,67)Peopleonsocialmediapointed

thatGPSsystemswouldbe

confusedbythefivedifferentlayersofroad.答案out考查动词短语。pointout指出,后面可跟that从句。2.(2019山东荣成六中检测,70)Andtheimaginarycharacterdoesnotonlyappeal

females.答案to句意:这一虚构的人物不仅对女性有吸引力。appealto吸引。3.(2019山东济宁北大培文实验学校期中,67)ShesaidhernamewasMissBaiandkindlyoffered

toshowme

thecity.答案around句意:她说她是白小姐。她很热心,主动领我参观了这座城市。showsb.

around领某人参观。4.(2019山东济宁微山二中期中,61)Weusedtothinkthatcomfortingotherswasanabilitythaton-

lybelongs

humans.答案to句意:我们过去认为安慰别人是一种只属于人类的能力。belongto属于。5.(2018山东青岛高三统一质检,66)Afterturning

alloftheirelectronicdevices,recharj

customersliedowninso-called“powernapcocoons”.答案off考查动词短语。此处表示关掉他们所有的电子设备。turnoff关掉。6.(2018山东烟台高考诊断,65)Birds,whales,turtlesandotheranimalsoftenmistakeballoons

food,whichcandodamagetothembecauseballoonscontainharmfulchemicals.答案for考查动词短语。mistake...for...意为“把……错当成……”。B组

2017—2019年高考模拟·专题综合题组题组一介词1.(2019山东青岛二中期末,62)Isaidhello

him,smilingsweetlyandthenIsuddenly

thought,“Whynotofferhimapieceofchocolate?”答案to考查介词。sayhellotosb.向某人问好。2.(2019北京海淀一模,5)However,thereisoneupsideofgoingtoschool

acoldwinter

day.答案on当表示在具体某一天时用介词on。3.(2019北京顺义二模,3)Soitcangointoverysmallspaces.Anoctopusweighingabout230gcan

pass

a2.5cm-widehole.答案through从立体的空间里穿过用介词through。4.(2019浙江宁波4月模拟,58)ThosestudentswithtopgradescanapplyfordirectentryintoBirm-

inghamdegreeprogrammes

firstcompletingafoundationyear.答案without此处表示“不用”,故填without。5.(2019山东安丘市、诸城市、五莲县、兰山区4月模拟,66)Hestudiedforonemoreyearinthe

UniversityofParisinFrance,andhedidn'treturntoChina

1938.答案untilnot...until...直到……才……。题组二动词短语1.(2019山东师大附中五模,70)Anditoftenserves

abridgeforcommunication.答案as考查动词短语。serveas充当,作为。2.(2019山东济宁5月二模,63)Sexistattitudes,includingparents'tendencytoteachnumericalcon-

ceptstotheirsonsratherthantheirdaughters,maypartlyaccount

thisgendergap.答案foraccountfor是……的原因。3.(2019北京西城一模,2)Guesswhat?Thechickenwasnotcooked!Istartedtolaugh.Iforgotto

turn

theoven!答案on由前面的notcooked可知,此处表示“忘了打开烤箱的开关了”,故填on。turnon打

开。C组

2017—2019年高考模拟·应用创新题组Passage1Workinginanothercountrycanbeagreatwayofbroadeningyourhorizons.Itisimportanttore-

memberfromthestart,however,thatfindingajobinanothercountrywillrequiredetermination

andcarefulthoughtandplanning

1

advance.IfyouhavemadethedecisionthatyouwanttoworkoutsidetheEU,youwillhavetotakeaccount

2

someimportantissuesyoumaynothavetoconsiderwhenintheEU.Forexample,youmay

requireaworkvisaorworkpermit

3

workinginyourchosencountry.Itisalsousefultobear

otherdifferences

4

mind,suchaslanguage,cultureandclimate.Onceyouhavedecidedona

particularcountry,youshouldresearchtheworkopportunitiesandpossibilitiestofindoutwhether

youwillrequireaworkvisaorworkpermit.Youcancheckallthisinformationthoroughlyinad-

vancebygettingintouch

5

theembassyofthecountrywhereyouwillbetravelling.Youcan

checktheInternetandthelocalpapersforinformationaboutjobsandmodation.Ifyouhave

anopportunityforthefurthereducation,youcanfindoutifyourqualificationswillberecognizedabroad.答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了到国外工作之前需要注意的事情。1.in考查介词短语。inadvance提前。2.of考查动词短语。takeaccountof意为“考虑”。3.before考查逻辑关系和介词。综合分析整句话的意思,此处应该表示“在选择的国家工作

之前要取得工作签证”,故用介词before。4.in考查动词短语。bear...inmind记住。5.with考查动词短语。getintouchwith与……取得联系。Passage2TheteacultureofChinaisamazingandhasalonghistory.Teadrinkinghadbeenwidespreadin

Chinaforaboutonethousandyears1

appearinginEurope.TeadrinkingenjoyswidepopularityinChina.However,teadrinkingisverycomplex.Manyfac-

torscontribute2

anenjoyableexperience.Itstartswiththesurroundings.Inthepast,teadrink-

ingtookplaceinasettingwhere“springwaterrunsonmarble”.Atpresent,inordertocreate

suchanatmosphere,teahousesaredecorated3

traditionalpaintingsandfurniture.Besides,

thereisalwaysaperformanceofatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.Waterused4

teaal-

somatters.Intheolddays,snowwaterwasregarded5

thebest.Todayfewpeoplecollect

snowbecause6

pollutionandwhatmostpeopleuseisbottledwater.Blacktea,togetherwith

greentea,oolongteaandpu'ertearanks7

themostpopulartea.Thefirstthreetypesofteaare

processedusingsimilarmethodsbutpu'erteausesatotallydifferentmethod.答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国的茶文化。1.before考查介词。在饮茶出现在欧洲之前,它已经在中国广泛流传了大约一千年。文章开

头提到中国的茶文化有悠久的历史,本句进一步证明了这一点,所以设空处应填before“在…

…之前”。2.to考查动词短语。contributeto促成。3.with考查动词短语。bedecoratedwith...用……装饰。4.for考查动词短语。beusedfor...被用来……。此处是过去分词短语作后置定语。5.as考查动词短语。beregardedas...被认为是……。6.of考查介词短语。设空处后为名词pollution,故前面应用of。becauseof因为。7.among考查介词。rankamong表示“属于……之列”。题组一介词1.(2019江苏,27)Favorablepoliciesare

effecttoencourageemployees'professionaldevel-

opment.历年高考试题汇编答案in句意:为了鼓励员工的职业发展,一些有利的政策开始生效。ineffect生效。2.(2018北京,14)—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee'soffice.—Goodmorning.I'dliketomakeanappointment

nextWednesdayafternoon.答案for句意:——早上好,这里是Lee先生的办公室。——早上好,我想预约下周三下午的

见面。本题考查介词的基本用法。appointmentfor...在此处表示“……的预约”。3.(2018江苏,33)China'ssoftpowergrowsinline

theincreasingappreciationandunder-

standingofChinaglobally.答案with句意:中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连的。

考查介词短语。inlinewith为固定短语,意为:与……紧密相连。4.(2017北京,35)Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealiving

fishingindustry.答案in句意:很多居住在沿海的人都以捕鱼业谋生。本题考查介词。in表示“从事或影

响某种工作”,符合语境。5.(2017天津,12)WhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbe

treesthatareover1,000yearsold.答案among句意:当你开车穿越加利福尼亚州的红杉林时,你会置身于寿命超过一千年的

树木之中。设空处应该用介词表示“在三者或三者以上……之中”,故用among。6.(2017天津,13)Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.

return,weexpectstudents

toworkhard.答案In句意:我们向我们的学生提供优质的教育,作为回报,我们希望学生能够努力学习。

考查介词。inreturn意为“作为回报,作为报答”。7.(2017江苏,32)Determiningwhereweareinrelation

oursurroundingsremainsanessen-

tialskillforoursurvival.答案to句意:通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置仍然是我们生存的重要技能。

本题考查介词短语。inrelationto“相对某事物而言”,符合语境,故此处填to。8.(2016浙江,6)Thatyoungmanishonest,cooperative,alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.

short,he'sreliable.答案In句意:那个年轻人诚实且有合作精神,当你需要他帮忙的时候,他总是在那儿。简言

之,他是值得信赖的。inshort简言之。9.(2016浙江,7)Thestudysuggeststhatthecultureswegrowup

influencethebasicpro-

cessesbywhichweseetheworldaroundus.答案in句意:这项研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们看待周围世界的基本环节。本句采

用定语从句的形式考查介词。“wegrowup

”为定语从句,先行词为thecultures,将先

行词代入定语从句后为:Wegrowup

thecultures.故设空处填介词in。10.(2015浙江,10)Mostpeopleworkbecauseit'sunavoidable.

contrast,therearesomepeo-

plewhoactuallyenjoywork.答案By句意:大多数人工作是因为那是不可避免的,相比之下,还有一些人是真的喜欢工

作。bycontrast相比之下,对比而言。11.(2015浙江,17)Thesecommentscameinresponse

specificquestionsoftenaskedbylocal

newsmen.答案to句意:对于当地新闻记者常常问起的特定问题,这些评论正好作出了回复。inre-

sponseto作为对……的回应。12.(2015浙江,3)Haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehome

animalsbothonlandand

sea?答案to句意:你听说过成为在陆地上和海里的动物的栖息地的树吗?behometo为固定搭

配,意为:是……的栖息地。13.(2015重庆,10)Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃

theaverage.答案above句意:去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,全球气温超过了平均气温0.68摄氏度。

根据语境可知此处表示“在……之上,高于”,所以要用介词above。14.(2015江苏,34)Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbut

ThomasEdison.答案for句意:要不是ThomasEdison,许多现在让我们获益的东西都不会存在。根据句意

和该句中的虚拟语气可知答案为for。butfor要不是。15.(2015安徽,33)Theybelievethattherearetransportdevelopments

thecornerthatwill

bringalotofchangesforthebetter.答案around句意:他们相信交通的发展就要到来了,这将会带来很多更好的变化。around

thecorner就要到来。16.(2015福建,22)Acommonmemorytheyallhave

theirschooldaysistheschooluniform.答案of句意:他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。本句包含一个定语从句“they

allhave

theirschooldays”,将先行词memory代入定语从句后为:Theyallhaveacommon

memory

theirschooldays.由此可见设空处填of。of可用于说明动作的名词之后,表示动

作的对象。17.(2015福建,32)Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosur-

viveistoliveinharmony

nature.答案with句意:人类生活被认为是大自然的一部分,严格说来,我们生存的唯一方式是与大

自然和睦相处。inharmonywith与……协调。18.(2015湖北,30)Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou

ad-

vancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.答案in句意:这间会议室是无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果在这儿吸烟的话你会被罚款

的。inadvance提前,事先。19.(2015陕西,12)Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandma

thearmandwalkedheracrossthe

street.答案by句意:那个小学生挽着奶奶的手臂带她过了马路。takesb.bythearm“挽着某人的

手臂”。此处的by表示“抓着(物体或身体的某个部位)”。20.(2014重庆,7)Shedrovesofastattheturnthatthecaralmostwent

theroad.答案off句意:她在转弯处开得如此快,以至于车差点偏离公路。off离开,偏离。21.(2014福建,22)Ourclubisopentoeveryoneregardless

age,sexoreducationalback-

ground.答案of句意:我们的俱乐部对所有人开放,不分年龄、性别和教育背景。regardlessof不管,

不顾。22.(2014浙江,10)Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedwhateverhehadwiththe

villagerswithoutaskingforanything

return.答案in句意:在村庄停留期间,James无私地和村民分享他所拥有的一切,不要求任何回

报。23.(2014浙江,12)Facinguptoyourproblemsinstead

runningawayfromthemisthebest

approachtoworkingthingsout.答案of句意:面对你的问题而不是逃避它们才是解决问题的最好办法。insteadof而不

是。24.(2014陕西,14)TheScottishgirl

blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeech

Contest.答案with句意:在第五届汉语演讲比赛中,那位有着一双蓝色眼睛的苏格兰姑娘获得了一

等奖。with表示“具有”。25.(2014江西,33)ItisunbelievablethatMr.Lucasleadsasimplelife

hisgreatwealth.答案despite句意:令人难以置信的是,尽管很富有,Lucas先生过着简朴的生活。despite尽

管。题组二动词短语1.(2019江苏,24)Morewindpowerstationswillspring

tomeetthedemandforcleanenergy.答案up句意:为了满足对清洁能源的需求,更多的风力发电站将会迅速出现。springup迅

速出现;突然兴起。2.(2018天津,3)AtfirstRobertwouldn'tlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhegave

asshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.答案in句意:起初罗伯特不让他女儿去潜水,但他最终还是妥协了,因为她对自己的(潜水)

技能很自信。本题考查动词短语。givein屈服;让步;投降。3.(2018江苏,25)DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhichcalls

aclearroadmapandtimetable.答案for句意:开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程,这项工程需要一个清晰的路线图和时

间表。考查动词短语。callfor需要;要求。4.(2017江苏,25)WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbrought

thebestinherasa

doctor.答案out句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到了最大限度的发挥。本题考

查动词短语。bringout意为“使显现,使表现出”。5.(2016天津,8)Marywassilentduringtheearlypartofthediscussionbutfinallyshegavevoice

heropiniononthesubject.答案to

句意:在讨论的前期玛丽一言不发,但最后她就这个话题发表了意见。givevoiceto

表露心声,表白心迹。6.(2016天津,12)I'mgoingtotakeadvantage

thistourtoexplorethehistoryofthecastle.答案of句意:我打算利用这次旅行去探索那座城堡的历史。takeadvantageof利用。7.(2016浙江,12)Whentheirchildrenlivedfarawayfromthem,theseoldpeoplefeltcut

fromtheworld.答案off句意:当孩子们住得离这些老人远时,他们就觉得与世隔绝。cutoff使……与外界

隔绝。8.(2016江苏,30)Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetaken

thankstothe

comfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.答案off句意:多亏宽松的创业环境,很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。takeoff成

功,起飞。9.(2015江苏,27)Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramstocater

thecountry's

SilkRoadEconomicBelt.答案for句意:这所大学开设了一些新的语言课程来满足该国丝绸之路经济带的需要。

caterfor满足……的需要。10.(2015江苏,29)Thewholeteamcount

CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.答案on句意:整个队都指望着CristianoRonaldo,他很少让他们失望。counton意为:指望,

依赖。11.(2015天津,10)Tomhadtoturn

theinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewas

toobusy.答案down句意:因为太忙了,上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了参加聚会的邀请。turndown(=

refuse)拒绝。12.(2015浙江,11)Wetendtohaveabettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesorappeal

ouremotionsthanforstraightfacts.答案to句意:相比于直接事实而言,我们更倾向于记住那些令我们的感官兴奋和对我们的

情绪有感染力的事物。appealto对……有感染力。13