2024年中考英语试题分类汇编：短文填空之首字母填空

专题23短文填空考点1首字母填空

2024年中考真题速递..

人

（2024・天津・中考真题）

根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。

Longago,theearlypeopledidnotliveinhousesaswedotoday.Mostofthehomeswereincavesorshelters

（遮蔽物）whichwerebuiltintrees.These'homes'wereonlyusedastemporary（临时的）shelterstop1

themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.Menofthattimewerecalled"cavepeople'.

These4cavepeople5usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote2forthem.Theyhadtomove

fromplacetoplacetos3forfood.Theywouldhunt,fishorpickwildfruit.Whentheycouldn,tfinda4

toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.Theirtoolswereverysimple.Theyateraw（生的）foodu5

theylearnthowtomakeafire.Forclothing,theyusedonlythebark（树皮）oftreesortheskins（皮）ofanimalstoc

6theirbodies.

However,thelivesofthe4cavepeople9changed.Theycollectedtheseeds（种子）ofwildplantsthatg7

intheforests.Soontheylearnttoplantfruit,vegetablesandothercrops.Theyalsokeptcows,sheepandother

kindsoffarma8formilk,meatandskins.Theybecamef9andlivedinonlyonecertainarea.Their

groupsbecame110thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled（固定的）lives.Theybuilthousesaslong-lasting

homes,andasaresult,villagesandtownsdevelopedquickly.The'cavepeople9begantobecivilized（文明的）.

（2024.山东东营.中考真题）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。

Bearwasbusymakingpies.Whenhewokeupinspring,hewouldneedthem.

“Ohno!”criedBear.tcTheberries（莓）haverunout.Imustpicksomemore.^^

Bearwenttofindmoreberries.Hewalkedtillhisfootached,buthedidn'tfindanyberriesn11his

home.

Sohedecidedtogodeeperintotheforesttolookforberries.Ashewalkedalong,hefeltveryh12

Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.

Asbewalked,BearmetbisfriendRaccoon.

“Doyouhavesayberriesforme?”askedBear.

“Sorry,butIcang13yousomeapples."saidRaccoon.

“Yourapplesaretoosour.^^saidBear.

SoonBearmetSquirrel.

“Doyouhaveanyberriesforme?”askedBear.

“No,"saidSquirrel."ButIhavesomewalnuts（核桃）.Youcanhavesome.^^

“Thankyou.^^saidBear."ButIdonotw14walnutsinmypies.Iwillkeepsearchingforberries.

Afteralotofeffort,Bearrealizedthattherewerenoberriesleft.

Suddenly,snowbegantofall.Bearracedhome.Thenhejumpedintobed.B15hecouldnotsleep.Hewas

sohungry.

“Ohdear."saidBear.Iwillhavetoeatmypies.Butifso,Iwillhaven16forspring.Bearwastoo

hungrytoworryaboutit.Heateupallthepiesu17hefeltfullatlast.Soonhewasfastasleep.Bearslept

formanymonths.

Springcame.Bearw18up.Hewasvery,veryhungry.

Justthen,RaccoonandSquirrelcame.Theywereeachholdingapie.

“Thosepiessmelldelicious.^^saidBear.

"Oh.Idon'tthinkyouwouldlikemysourapplepie.^^saidRaccoon.

“AndIamsureyouwouldn'tlikemywalnutpie."saidSquirrel.

WhenBearopenedhismouthtospeak,RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear'sm19

“Yum,thisisgood!^^criedBear.

SquirrelgaveBearsomewalnutpie.

“Wow,walnutpieisgreat,t20JsaidBear.

“Aren'tyougladweeducatedyouaboutpies?”saidSquirrel.

“Iam.^^Bearsaid."Mynextpieswillhavenewfillings（馅）

（2024•江苏连云港・中考真题）

根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。

Communityconnectsuswitheachother.Acommunityisap21wherepeoplelive,workandplay

together.Ifsjustlikeaschool,wheres22helpeachothertolearn.Peopleinacommunityh23one

another,too.

Peopleinacommunityhavedifferentskills.Theyoftenhelpneighborss24allkindsofproblems.

Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelwell.Thed25andnurseswillmakethemfeelbetter.Thereare

alsosomeengineers.Theymayhelppeoplef26theirbrokenbicyclesorwashingmachines.Whenpeople

don'tknowwhattoweartoapartyorhowtodesigntheirhomes,theartistswillgivethemsomea27

Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteersintheirs28time.Theyoftendosomecleaningfortheold

peopleandhelpstudentswiththeirh29

Communityisnotabuildingoranorganization.Itislikeabigf30Membersofacommunityhavea

senseoftrust,safetyandcaringforeachother.

（2024•江苏扬州•中考真题）

根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整

地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）

Eventhoughmygrandfatherwasafarmer,mygrandmotherwouldironhisworkclotheseveryday.

Grandmothermixedupherownstarch（淀粉浆）inaglassb31withametalcapthathadseveralholes.She

sprinkledGrandfather^jeanswiththestarch,hungthemoverachairforafewminutes,andtheni32them.

BecauseIwatchedherdothisthroughmychildhood,Ithoughteveryoldwomandidit.Butastheyears

passed,Ibegantoquestionthisp33WhydidGrandfatherneedhisworkclothesironed?Mostdays,he

neversawanyoneb34meandmaybeafewotherfarmers.Theclothesbecamedirtyinjustashorttime.

WhydidGrandmothers35devotetimeandefforttoironingGrandfather^clothesthatwererarelyseen?

OnedaywhenIwasabout13,IaskedGrandmotheraboutit.ShetoldmeGrandfatherwasthemost

handsomemanintheworld.Laterthatday,Ilookedc36atGrandfather.Hesuredidn'tlooksohandsome

tome.Hewasshortandfatwithfalseteeth（假牙）.LaterItoldhermythought.

Shegavemeagirlishsmileandsaid,44Youjustaren'tlookingintherightlight,Cathy.Irememberwhenhe

hadr37teeth.HehasthemostbeautifuleyesIhaveeverseen.Theyaree38thesamecolorasthe

skyjustbeforethesungoesdown.Iwanttheworldtoseemyh39asthemostbeautifulman.Iwanthimto

feelbeautiful.Iironhisclotheseverydaybecauseforalltheseyears,hehasmademefeelbeautiful.

Theyearswenton,andIwatchedGrandmotherandGrandfathergrowoldtogether.Iwasprobably30when

Iu40whatbeautyreallywas.ItwasGrandmotherironingGrandfather^jeanswithstarchfromaglass

bottle.

专题23短文填空考点1首字母填空

占2024年中考真题速递

（2024・天津・中考真题）

根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。

Longago,theearlypeopledidnotliveinhousesaswedotoday.Mostofthehomeswereincavesorshelters

（遮蔽物）whichwerebuiltintrees.These'homes'wereonlyusedastemporary（临时的）shelters

top1themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.Menofthattimewerecalled'cave

people'.

These'cavepeople'usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote2forthem.Theyhadto

movefromplacetoplacetos3forfood.Theywouldhunt,fishorpickwildfruit.Whentheycouldn't

finda4toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.Theirtoolswereverysimple.Theyateraw

(生的)foodu5theylearnthowtomakeafire.Forclothing,theyusedonlythebark(树皮)oftreesor

theskins(皮)ofanimalstoc6theirbodies.

However,thelivesofthe'cavepeople'changed.Theycollectedtheseeds(种子)ofwildplantsthat

g7intheforests.Soontheylearnttoplantfruit,vegetablesandothercrops.Theyalsokeptcows,sheep

andotherkindsoffarma8formilk,meatandskins.Theybecamef9andlivedinonlyone

certainarea.Theirgroupsbecame110thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled(固定的)lives.They

builthousesaslong-lastinghomes,andasaresult,villagesandtownsdevelopedquickly.The

'cavepeople'begantobecivilized(文明的).

【答案】

1.(p)rotect2.(e)asy3.(s)earch4.(a)nything5.(u)ntil6.(c)over7.(g)rew

8.(a)nimals9.(f)armers10.(l)arger

【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。

1.句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据"These

'homes'wereonlyusedastemporary(临时的)shelterstop...themfromthesun,therainandthewild

animalsintheforests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，

不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。

2.句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These，cavepeople，usually

livedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote...forthem.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易

的”,在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。

3.句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据"Theyhadtomovefromplacetoplace

tos...forfood.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，searchfor“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原

形，故填(s)earch。

4.句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“Whentheycouldn,tfinda...

toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything"任

何东西”，用于否定句中,故填(a)nything。

5.句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据"Theyateraw(生的)foodu...theylearnthow

tomakeafire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填（u）ntil。

6.句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据"theyusedonlythebark（树皮）oftrees

ortheskins（皮）ofanimalstoc...theirbodies”可知,他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover"遮

盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填（c）over。

7.句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据"Theycollectedtheseeds（种子）ofwild

plantsthatg...intheforests.”可知,收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子,grow“生长",时态是一

般过去时，动词用过去式，故填（g）rew。

8.句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“Theyalsokeptcows,sheep

andotherkindsoffarma...formilk,meatandskins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，

animal"动物","otherkindsof”修饰可数名词复数,故填（a）nimals。

9.句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“Theybecamef...andlivedinonlyonecertain

area.”可知，他们成了农民，fanner“农民”，主语"They”是复数，故填（f）armers。

10.句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据"Theirgroupsbecame1.・.than

beforeastheylivedmoresettled（固定的）lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger”更大

的”,在句中作表语，故填（l）arger。

（2024•山东东营・中考真题）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。

Bearwasbusymakingpies.Whenhewokeupinspring,hewouldneedthem.

“Ohno!”criedBear."Theberries（莓）haverunout.Imustpicksomemore.9,

Bearwenttofindmoreberries.Hewalkedtillhisfootached,buthedidn'tfindanyberriesnH

hishome.

Sohedecidedtogodeeperintotheforesttolookforberries.Ashewalkedalong,hefeltveryh12

Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.

Asbewalked,BearmetbisfriendRaccoon.

“Doyouhavesayberriesforme?”askedBear.

“Sorry,butIcang13yousomeapples.saidRaccoon.

“Yourapplesaretoosour."saidBear.

SoonBearmetSquirrel.

“Doyouhaveanyberriesforme?”askedBear.

“No,"saidSquirrel."ButIhavesomewalnuts（核桃）.Youcanhavesome.9,

“Thankyou."saidBear."ButIdonotw14walnutsinmypies.Iwillkeepsearchingfor

berries.v

Afteralotofeffort,Bearrealizedthattherewerenoberriesleft.

Suddenly,snowbegantofall.Bearracedhome.Thenhejumpedintobed.B15hecouldnotsleep.He

wassohungry.

“Ohdear."saidBear.Iwillhavetoeatmypies.Butifso,Iwillhaven16forspring.Bearwas

toohungrytoworryaboutit.Heateupallthepiesu17hefeltfullatlast.Soonhewasfastasleep.Bear

sleptformanymonths.

Springcame.Bearw18up.Hewasvery,veryhungry.

Justthen,RaccoonandSquirrelcame.Theywereeachholdingapie.

“Thosepiessmelldelicious."saidBear.

“Oh.Idon'tthinkyouwouldlikemysourapplepie."saidRaccoon.

“AndIamsureyouwouldn'tlikemywalnutpie."saidSquirrel.

WhenBearopenedhismouthtospeak,RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear'sm19

“Yum,thisisgood!”criedBear.

SquirrelgaveBearsomewalnutpie.

“Wow,walnutpieisgreat,t20saidBear.

“Aren'tyougladweeducatedyouaboutpies?”saidSquirrel.

"Iam."Bearsaid."Mynextpieswillhavenewfillings(馅).”

【答案】

11.(n)ear12.(h)ungry13.(g)ive14.(w)ant15.(B)ut16.(n)othing17.(u)ntil

18.(w)oke19.(m)outh20.(t)oo

【导语】本文主要介绍了熊忙着做馅饼，但是不小心在冬眠前把它们吃光了，最后朋友们带来新口味的馅

饼，这让他感到满足和感激。

11.句意:他一直走到脚痛，但在家附近没有发现任何浆果。根据"didn'tfindanyberries...hishome^^

可知在他家附近没有发现浆果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。

12.句意：他边走边觉得很饿。根据"Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.”

可知他什么都没吃，所以很饿，hungry“饿的”。故填(h)ungry。

13.句意：我可以给你一些苹果。根据"yousomeapples”可知是给你一些苹果，give"给"，情态动词后加

动词原形。故填(g)ive。

14.句意:但我不想在馅饼里放核桃。根据"ButIdonot...walnutsinmypies”可知是不想在馅饼里放核桃，

want“想要”，助动词donot后加动词原形。故填(w)ant。

15.句意：但是他睡不着。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故填(B)ut。

16.句意：但如果这样的话，我将度过一个一无所有的春天。根据"Iwillhavetoeatmypies”可知如果

把馅饼吃了，春天就什么也没有了，nothing“没有什么”。故填(n)othing。

17.句意：他把所有的馅饼都吃光了,直到他终于觉得饱了为止。根据“Heateupallthepies...hefelt

fullatlast.”可知是吃完了所有的馅饼，直到他吃饱了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntiL

18.句意：熊醒了。根据"Bearsleptformanymonths.”可知他从冬眠中醒来,wakeup"醒来”,句子用一

般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)oke。

19.句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些苹果馅饼。根据"RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear's.可知是

在嘴巴里放一些苹果馅饼，mouth“嘴巴”，此处用名词单数形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)outh。

20.句意：核桃馅饼也很棒。根据“walnutpieisgreat”可知核桃馅饼也很美味，肯定句句尾用too。故

填(t)oo。

(2024•江苏连云港・中考真题)

根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。

Communityconnectsuswitheachother.Acommunityisap21wherepeoplelive,workandplay

together.It'sjustlikeaschool,wheres22helpeachothertolearn.Peopleinacommunityh23

oneanother,too.

Peopleinacommunityhavedifferentskills.Theyoftenhelpneighborss24allkindsofproblems.

Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelwell.Thed25andnurseswillmakethemfeelbetter.There

arealsosomeengineers.Theymayhelppeoplef26theirbrokenbicyclesorwashingmachines.When

peopledon'tknowwhattoweartoapartyorhowtodesigntheirhomes,theartistswillgivethemsomea

27.

Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteersintheirs28time.Theyoftendosomecleaningforthe

oldpeopleandhelpstudentswiththeirh29

Communityisnotabuildingoranorganization.Itislikeabigf30Membersofacommunityhave

asenseoftrust,safetyandcaringforeachother.

【答案】

21.(p)lace22.(s)tudents23.(h)elp24.(s)olve25.(d)octors26.(f)ix

27.(a)dvice28.(s)pare29.(h)omework30.(f)amily

【导语】本文介绍了社区将人们紧密联系在一起，社区的人们互助友爱，就像一个大家庭。

21.句意：社区是人们一起生活、工作和娱乐的地方。根据首字母及“Acommunityisa...wherepeoplelive,

workandplaytogether.”可知，社区是人们生活、工作和娱乐的地方。place"地方”,名词，冠词a后用

其单数形式。故填(p)lace。

22.句意：这就像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。根据首字母及“It飞justlikeaschool”可知，社区

像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。student“学生”，名词，help是动词原形，故名词应用复数形式。故填

(s)tudentso

23.句意：社区里的人也会互相帮助。根据首字母及“...helpeachothertolearn.Peopleina

community...oneanother,too.”可知,此处指社区中的人们互相帮助。help"帮助”,动词。时态是一般现

在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填(h)elp。

24.句意：他们经常帮助邻居解决各种各样的问题。根据首字母及“allkindsofproblems”可知，此处指

解决问题。solve“解决”，动词。helpsb.dosth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(s)olve。

25.句意：医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。根据首字母及"Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelweir,

可知，人们感到不舒服时，医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。doctor“医生”，可数名词，此处应用其复数形式

表泛指。故填(d)octors。

26.句意：他们可以帮助人们修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。根据首字母及“theirbrokenbicyclesorwashing

machines”可知，此处指修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。fix“修理"，动词。helpsb.dosth.“帮助某人做某

事”，动词用其原形。故填(f)ix。

27.句意：当人们不知道穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计他们的家时，艺术家会给他们一些建议。根据首字

母及"theartistswillgivethemsome...”可知，此处指艺术家会给出建议。advice"建议",不可数名词,

作动词宾语。故填(a)dvice。

28.句意：一些大学生在业余时间做志愿者。根据首字母及“Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteers

intheir…time.”可知，此处指大学生在业余时间做志愿者。spare“空闲的”,形容词，作定语修饰名词time。

故填(s)pare。

29.句意：他们经常为老人打扫卫生，帮助学生做作业。根据首字母及“andhelpstudentswiththeir...”

可知，此处指大学生会帮助学生们做作业。homework"作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)omework。

30.句意：它就像一个大家庭。根据首字母及“Itislikeabig...”可知，此处指社区就像一个大家庭。

family“家庭”，可数名词，被a修饰，用其单数形式。故填(f)amily。

（2024•江苏扬州•中考真题）

根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整

地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）

Eventhoughmygrandfatherwasafarmer,mygrandmotherwouldironhisworkclotheseveryday.

Grandmothermixedupherownstarch(淀粉浆)inaglassb31withametalcapthathadseveralholes.

ShesprinkledGrandfather,sjeanswiththestarch,hungthemoverachairforafewminutes,andtheni32

them.

BecauseIwatchedherdothisthroughmychildhood,Ithoughteveryoldwomandidit.Butastheyears

passed,Ibegantoquestionthisp33WhydidGrandfatherneedhisworkclothesironed?Mostdays,he

neversawanyoneb34meandmaybeafewotherfarmers.Theclothesbecamedirtyinjustashorttime.

WhydidGrandmothers35devotetimeandefforttoironingGrandfather?sclothesthatwererarelyseen?

OnedaywhenIwasabout13,IaskedGrandmotheraboutit.ShetoldmeGrandfatherwasthemost

handsomemanintheworld.Laterthatday,Ilookedc36atGrandfather.Hesuredidn'tlookso

handsometome.Hewasshortandfatwithfalseteeth.LaterItoldhermythought.

Shegavemeagirlishsmileandsaid,“Youjustaren,tlookingintherightlight,Cathy.Irememberwhenhe

hadr37teeth.HehasthemostbeautifuleyesIhaveeverseen.Theyaree38thesamecoloras

theskyjustbeforethesungoesdown.Iwanttheworldtoseemyh39asthemostbeautifulman.Iwant

himtofeelbeautiful.Iironhisclotheseverydaybecauseforalltheseyears,hehasmademefeelbeautiful.

Theyearswenton,