标准解读
《GB/T 44605-2024 激光器和激光相关设备 激光光学元件吸收分布测量 光热成像法》是一项国家标准，该标准详细规定了使用光热成像技术来测量激光光学元件表面或体内的吸收分布的方法。其主要目的是为了提供一种有效且准确的方式，以评估激光光学元件在受到激光照射时因材料不均匀性导致的能量吸收情况，这对于提高激光系统的性能、延长使用寿命以及确保安全操作具有重要意义。
标准中首先定义了术语与定义部分，明确了诸如“激光光学元件”、“吸收分布”等关键概念的确切含义，为后续内容的理解打下基础。接着，在原理章节里，描述了光热成像技术的基本工作原理：当激光束照射到被测样品上时，如果存在局部区域对入射光的吸收率较高，则这些区域会因为吸收更多能量而温度上升；通过红外相机捕捉这种由温差引起的辐射强度变化图像，即可间接反映样品内部或表面上的吸收分布特性。
方法部分详述了实验准备、测试条件设定、数据采集及处理等一系列具体步骤。包括但不限于选择合适的光源（通常是连续波长的激光），确定适当的功率密度，设置合理的曝光时间等参数，以保证能够获得清晰可靠的热图谱。此外，还特别强调了如何校正环境因素如背景噪声的影响，以及采取措施减少外界干扰的重要性。
对于结果表达，《GB/T 44605-2024》给出了明确指导，要求根据实际需要采用适当的形式呈现分析结果，比如伪彩色图像、三维图形或是数值表格等，并建议附带必要的说明文字，以便于理解和比较不同样本之间的差异。
在整个过程中，安全性始终被放在首位。因此，标准最后也列出了执行此类测量时必须遵守的安全规范，涵盖个人防护装备的选择与使用、实验室通风系统的要求等方面，旨在保护操作人员免受潜在危害。
如需获取更多详尽信息，请直接参考下方经官方授权发布的权威标准文档。
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文档简介
ICS
31.260
CCS
L51
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T44605—2024
激光器和激光相关设备激光光学
元件吸收分布测量光热成像法
Laserandlaser-relatedequipment—Absorptiondistributionmeasurementof
opticallasercomponents—Photothermalmappingmethod
（ISO23701:2023,Opticsandphotonics—Laserandlaser-related
equipment—Photothermaltechniqueforabsorptionmeasurementandmappingof
opticallasercomponents，MOD）
2024-09-29发布2025-04-01实施
国家市场监督管理总局发布
国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T44605—2024
目次
前言
·····································································································
Ⅲ
1
范围
··································································································
1
2
规范性引用文件
······················································································
1
3
术语和定义
···························································································
1
4
符号和量度单位
······················································································
1
5
测量原理
······························································································
2
5.1
概述
······························································································
2
5.2
光热透镜（TL）
················································································
2
5.3
光热偏转（PTD）
··············································································
3
5.4
反射式光热探测构型和透射式光热探测构型的选取原则
········································
3
5.5
光热测量系统
····················································································
3
6
测量设备
······························································································
7
6.1
泵浦激光器
······················································································
7
6.2
探测激光器
······················································································
8
6.3
位移平台
·························································································
8
6.4
探测单元
·························································································
8
6.5
数据采集与处理装置
·············································································
8
7
测试准备
······························································································
8
7.1
测试环境
·························································································
8
7.2
测试样品准备
····················································································
8
8
测试程序
······························································································
9
8.1
通则
······························································································
9
8.2
光热信号幅值和相位测量
········································································
9
8.3
光热信号幅值和相位分布测量
···································································
9
8.4
光热信号幅值的标定
···········································································
10
8.5
测量结果评估
···················································································
11
9
结果评定
····························································································
11
9.1
吸收的光热测量
················································································
11
9.2
吸收率的光热标定
··············································································
12
9.3
吸收的二维/三维分布成像测量
································································
13
9.4
成像区域和空间分辨率
·········································································
13
10
测试报告
···························································································
13
附录A（资料性）表面吸收和体吸收的分离
························································
15
A.1
概述
····························································································
15
Ⅰ
GB/T44605—2024
A.2
用于区分表面吸收和体吸收的光热探测布局
··················································
15
A.3
表面吸收和体吸收的确定
······································································
16
附录B（资料性）标定的理论和实际考虑
···························································
17
B.1
概述
····························································································
17
B.2
标定的理论考虑
················································································
17
B.3
标定样品的实际考虑
···········································································
17
附录C（资料性）测试报告
··········································································
18
参考文献
································································································
19
Ⅱ
GB/T44605—2024
前言
本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规
定起草。
本文件修改采用ISO23701：2023《光学和光子学激光器和激光相关设备激光光学元件吸收测
量和成像的光热技术》。
本文件与ISO23701：2023相比做了下述结构调整：
—第5章对应ISO23701：2023的5.1；
—第6章对应ISO23701：2023的5.2；
—第7章对应ISO23701：2023的5.3；
—第8章对应ISO23701：2023第6章；
—第9章对应ISO23701：2023第7章；
—第10章对应ISO23701：2023第8章；
—附录A对应ISO23701：2023附录B；
—附录B对应ISO23701：2023附录A。
本文件与ISO23701：2023的技术差异及其原因如下：
—用规范性引用的GB/T15313代替了ISO11145（见第3章），以适应我国的技术条件；
—用规范性引用的GB/T25915.1—2021代替了ISO14644﹘l（见7.1），以适应我国的技术
条件；
—删除了ISO23701：2023中6.4附录B的引用，附录B给出的是表面吸收与体吸收的分离，并没
有直接给出三维吸收分布扫描测量中深度方向测量时的标定程序。
本文件做了下列编辑性改动：
—将标准名称改为《激光器和激光相关设备激光光学元件吸收分布测量方法光热成像法》，
与现有标准协调。
请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。
本文件由中国机械工业联合会提出。
本文件由全国光学和光子学标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC103）归口。
本文件起草单位：电子科技大学、中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所、中国兵器工业标准化研
究所、中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心、山东华光光电子股份有限公司、中国科学院大连化学物
理研究所、中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所、西南技术物理研究所、湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限
公司、湖南戴斯光电有限公司。
本文件主要起草人：李斌成、樊峻棋、彭琛、黄德权、孟凡萍、卫耀伟、柴立群、吴德华、李刚、
王锋、赵元安、叶大华、徐旭、梁小生。
Ⅲ
GB/T44605—2024
激光器和激光相关设备激光光学
元件吸收分布测量光热成像法
1范围
本文件描述了激光光学元件的吸收测量和高空间分辨率二维/三维扫描吸收分布成像测量方法。采
用光热测量方法，通过标定实现激光光学元件的吸收测量，通过位置扫描实现吸收分布测量。
本文件适用于激光光学元件二维/三维吸收分布成像测量，即测量吸收与位置的函数，用于高功率/高
能激光系统中的大口径光学元件的吸收缺陷/吸收分
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