卷4-备战2025年高考英语【名校地市好题必刷】全真模拟卷（新高考专用）第一辑（解析版）

备战2025年高考英语【名校地市好题必刷】全真模拟卷（新高考专用）第一模拟（本卷共3部分，满分120分，考试用时90分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2021·山东潍坊高三模考）AToimproveahighschoolerschanceofgettingintoatopuniversity,thesummerprogramsallowyoungstudentstoexplorefieldsofinterestandgetatasteofcollegelife.TellurideAssociationSummerProgram(TASP)TASPisasix-weekprogramallowinghighschoolfreshmanfromaroundtheworldtogrowtheirsenseofinterpersonalawarenessandcommunityresponsibility.It'scompletelyfree,includingthecostoftuition,booksandeventravel.MinorityIntroductiontoEngineeringandScience(MITES)Thisweek-longprogramaimedatallUShighschoolstudentscanhelpthemdeveloptheskillsnecessaryforfuturejobinengineeringwhilelearningaboutthevalueandrewardofacquiringadvancedtechnicaldegrees.MITESisfree—theonlyexpenseisthetransportationtoandfromMIT.ClarkScholarProgram(CSP)Highschoolstudentscomingfromacrosstheglobeareofferedtheuniqueopportunitytogainhands-onresearchexperienceinmathematicsfieldwhileworkingoneononewithteachingstaffoverfourintenseweeks.Everythingisfreeforchosenapplicantsexcepttheirmeals.JCampTheseven-weekonebringshighschoolfreshmanandsophomoresfromvariousbackgroundstogetherforparticipatinginsessionsandworkshopsledbynotablejournalistswherestudentscangethands-ontraininginjournalism.JCampisfreeifselected-participantsonlyneedtopayfortheboard.1.WhatcanbeexpectedofMITES?A.Itisaccessibletoworldwidestudents. B.Itlaysafoundationforcareerprospect.C.Itmakesnoextrachargefortransportation. D.Itawardsstudentsadvancedtechnicaldegrees.2.WhichprogramissuitableforaUKhighschoolerwithupto5spareweeks?A.TASP. B.MITES. C.CSP. D.JCamp.3.Whatisthesharedgoaloftheprograms?A.Toseekforone-on-oneinstruction. B.Todevelopasenseofsocialduty.C.Togetparticipantsbetterpreparedforcollege. D.Toadvertisesomemajorsofthetopuniversities.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【语篇解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个帮助学生为大学做好准备的暑期项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thisweek-longprogramaimedatallUShighschoolstudentscanhelpthemdeveloptheskillsnecessaryforfuturejobinengineeringwhilelearningaboutthevalueandrewardofacquiringadvancedtechnicaldegrees.(这个为期一周的项目针对所有美国高中生，可以帮助他们发展未来工程工作所需的技能，同时了解获得高级技术学位的价值和回报)”可知，MITES有望为职业前景打下基础。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Highschoolstudentscomingfromacrosstheglobeareofferedtheuniqueopportunitytogainhands-onresearchexperienceinmathematicsfieldwhileworkingoneononewithteachingstaffoverfourintenseweeks.(来自世界各地的高中生有机会获得数学领域的实际研究经验，同时与教师进行四个星期紧张的一对一工作)”可知，CSP课程适合最多有5周的课余时间的英国高中生。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Toimproveahighschoolerschanceofgettingintoatopuniversity,thesummerprogramsallowyoungstudentstoexplorefieldsofinterestandgetatasteofcollegelife.(为了提高高中生进入顶尖大学的机会，暑期项目让年轻的学生可以探索感兴趣的领域，并体验大学生活)”结合文章主要介绍了四个帮助学生为大学做好准备的暑期项目。可推知，这些项目的共同目标是让参与者为上大学做更好的准备。故选C。（2021·山东德州二模考试）BResearchersfromtheUniversityofBathhavedevelopedmotioncapturetechnologythatenablesyoutodigitize（数字化）yourdogwithonlyonecamera.Thesoftwarecouldbeusedforawiderangeofpurposes,fromhelpingvetsdiagnoselameness（跛）andmonitoringrecoveryoftheirdogpatients,tobehaviorsupervision.TheUniversityofBath'smotioncaptureresearchcentredigitizethemovementof14differentbreedsofdogs.Wearingspecialdoggiemotioncapturesuitswithmarkers,thedogswerefilmedunderthesupervisionofscientistsdoingarangeofmovements.Theyusedthesedatatocreateacomputermodelthatcanaccuratelypredictandcopytheposesofdogswhentheyrefilmedwithoutwearingthemotioncapturesuits.Thismodelallows3Ddigitalinformationfornewdogs-theirshapeandmovement-tobecapturedwithoutmarkersandexpensiveequipment,butusingasingleRGBDcamerainstead.TheresearcherKearneysaid,“ThisisthefirsttimeRGBDimageshavebeenusedtotrackthemotionofdogsusingasinglecamera,whichismuchmoreaffordablethantraditionalmotioncapturesystemsthatrequiremultiplecameras.Thistechnologyallowsustostudythemovementofanimals,whichisusefulforapplicationssuchasdetectinglamenessinadogandmeasuringitsrecoveryovertime.”Theteamhasalsostartedtestingtheirmethodondigitalimagesofotherfour-leggedanimalsincludinghorses,cats,lionsandgorillas,withsomepromisingresults.Theyaiminthefuturetoextendtheiranimaldatasettomaketheresultsmoreaccurate；theywillalsobemakingthedatasetavailablefornon-commercialusebyothers.“Ourresearchisasteptowardsbuildingaccurate3Dmodelsofanimalmotionalongwithtechnologiesthatallowustoveryeasilymeasuretheirmovement.”saidKearney.4．WhatisspecialaboutthenewsoftwarementionedinPara1?A．Itequipsyourdogwithamotioncapturesuit.B．Itcanbeusefulforpetstobehavethemselves.C．Ithelpsyoumonitordogsusingonlyonecamera.D．Itoffersawiderangeofentertainmentapplications.5．WhatisnecessarytomakesureasingleRGBDcameraworks?A．Aspecialcomputermodelmustbesetupinadvance.B．Thedogsmustwearmotioncapturesuitswithoutmarkers.C．Thedogsmustbeinthesupervisionofmultiplecameras.D．3Ddigitalinformationmustbesentintothecameras.6．WhatisthenextstepofthenewtechnologyaccordingtoKearney?A．Tomakethedatasetavailableformoreprofits.B．Tomakemoreaccuratemodelsofanimaldiseases.C．Toextendtheanimaldatasettoimproveitsaccuracy.D．TotestRGBDcamerasonotherfour-leggedanimals.7．What'sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toencourageanewmethodofsafedog-walking.B．Tointroduceanewmotioncapturetechnology.C．Toexplaintheapplicationsofdiagnosingdogs'diseases.D．Toprovetheeffectsofthetechnologyondifferentanimals.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【语篇解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对一种新的动作捕捉技术进行了详细介绍。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBathhavedevelopedmotioncapturetechnologythatenablesyoutodigitize（数字化）yourdogwithonlyonecamera.”（巴斯大学的研究人员开发了一种运动捕捉技术，可以让你只用一个摄像头就能把狗狗数字化。）可知，第一段中提到的新软件的特别之处在于它可以帮助你只用一个摄像头监控狗狗。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Theyusedthesedatatocreateacomputermodelthatcanaccuratelypredictandcopytheposesofdogswhentheyrefilmedwithoutwearingthemotioncapturesuits.Thismodelallows3Ddigitalinformationfornewdogs-theirshapeandmovement-tobecapturedwithoutmarkersandexpensiveequipment,butusingasingleRGBDcamerainstead.”（他们利用这些数据创建了一个计算机模型，可以准确地预测和复制狗狗在不穿动作捕捉服被拍摄时的姿势。这个模型允许新狗狗的3D数字信息——它们的形状和运动——在没有标记和昂贵设备的情况下使用一个单一的RGBD相机被捕捉。）可知，为了保证一台RGBD相机的正常工作，必须提前建立一个特殊的计算机模型。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Theyaiminthefuturetoextendtheiranimaldatasettomaketheresultsmoreaccurate”（他们的目标是在未来扩展他们的动物数据集，使结果更加准确）可知，科尔尼说，新技术的下一步是扩展动物数据集以提高其准确性。故选C。【7题详解】目的意图题。根据第一段第一句“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBathhavedevelopedmotioncapturetechnologythatenablesyoutodigitize（数字化）yourdogwithonlyonecamera.”（巴斯大学的研究人员开发了一种运动捕捉技术，可以让你只用一个摄像头就能把狗狗数字化。）可知，文章是为了介绍一种新的动作捕捉技术。故选B。（2021·福建龙岩高三阶段性检测）CManyteachersbelievefrequentquizzes(小测验)helpstudentsbettergraspclassroommaterial.Crede,anassociateprofessorofpsychology,wasskepticalthatsomethingassimpleasaquizcouldpositivelyaffectstudents’academicperformance.Hedecidedtodigdeeperandconductananalyticstudyofexistingresearchtoseeiftherewasanyprooftotheidea.Whathediscoveredtrulysurprisedhim.Credeanalyzeddatafrompreviouslypublishedstudiesthatexamined52classeswithalmost8,000students,primarilycollege-levelcourses,todetermineiffrequentquizzesimprovedthestudents’academicperformance.LaboratorysettingswerekeptoutofthestudybecauseCredewantedtoobservewhethersimilarstudiesfromlabswouldapplytogeneralclassrooms.Credediscoveredthatwhenstudentsarequizzedoverclassmaterialatleastonceaweek,theytendtoperformbetteronmidtermandfinalexamscomparedtostudentswhodidnottakequizzes.Healsofoundthatstudentswhotookfrequentquizzeswerelesslikelytofailtheclass,especiallyiftheywerestrugglingwiththecoursecontent.Studentswhostrugglethemostinaclassseemtobenefitthegreatestfromfrequentquizzes.Theothersurprisingthingwashowmuchquizzeshelpedreducefailureratesinclasses.Thechancesofpassingaclasswentthroughtheroofwhereinstructorsusedthis.Inadditiontoquizfrequency,anotherfactorthatseemedtopositivelyaffectstudents’performancewasimmediatefeedbackfrominstructors.Also,quizzesthatrequiredstudentstoanswerwithwrittenresponsesprovedmorebeneficialtotheirunderstandingofclassmaterialcomparedtomultiple-choicequestions.Askingteacherstogradewrittenquizzesdailyorweeklymaydiscouragesomefromcarryingthemoutintheirclasses.Instead,itisrecommendedthatinstructorsgiveonlinequizzesthatcanbeautomaticallygradedbyacoursemanagementsystem.Quizattributes(属性)provedinsignificantinthestudy,includingwhetherthetestswerepopquizzesorplanned,oriftheywereonlineoronpaper.8.WhatdidCrededotoensurehisstudy’saccuracy?A.Hefocusedonwhathappenedinclassrooms.B.Heresearchedasmanystudentsashecould.C.Hemadelaboratorysettingsasrealaspossible.D.Hegaveeasyquizzestomakeeverystudentdowell.9.WhatdidCredediscoverinhisstudy?A.Frequentquizzescouldremovestudents’failureinclasses.B.Instructors’feedbackwasmoreimportantthanfrequentquizzes.C.Frequentquizzeswereespeciallyusefultothestrugglingstudents.D.Multiple-choicequestionsshouldn’tbeincludedinfrequentquizzes.10.Whatmaybeadisadvantageoffrequentquizzesforteachers?A.AccessingtheInternetlessfrequently.B.Havingtoomanyexampaperstomark.C.Beingunabletogetappropriatetestmaterials.D.Findingithardtochoosetherighttypeofquiz.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.QuizzesStimulateaPassionforCreation B.QuizzesImproveAcademicPerformanceC.QuizzesCreateaHeavyBurden D.QuizzesIncreaseBoredom【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.B【语篇解析】本文是一篇说明文，文中说明了经常进行小测验会对学生成绩有积极的影响，特别是成绩较差的学生。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“LaboratorysettingswerekeptoutofthestudybecauseCredewantedtoobservewhethersimilarstudiesfromlabswouldapplytogeneralclassrooms.”（实验环境被排除在研究之外，因为Crede想要观察从实验室进行的类似研究是否适用于普通教室。）可知，为确保实验的准确性，Crede排除了实验室环境下的研究资料，而关注学生在课堂上的表现。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“studentswhotookfrequentquizzeswerelesslikelytofailtheclass,especiallyiftheywerestrugglingwiththecoursecontent”（经常参加测验的学生不及格的可能性更小，尤其是在他们纠结于课程内容的时候）以及“Studentswhostrugglethemostinaclassseemtobenefitthegreatestfromfrequentquizzes.”（在课堂上挣扎得最厉害的学生，似乎也能从频繁的测验中获益最多。）可知，频繁的小测验尤其让学习有困难的学生受益。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Askingteacherstogradewrittenquizzesdailyorweeklymaydiscouragesomefromcarryingthemoutintheirclasses.”可知，要求老师每天或每周给笔试打分，会让一些老师不愿在课堂上再去批阅，因此推断因为那样的话，需要批改的作业就太多了，工作量太大了，这是一课堂测验的不利之处。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一自然段中“Hedecidedtodigdeeperandconductananalyticstudyofexistingresearchtoseeiftherewasanyprooftotheidea.”（他决定深入挖掘，并对现有的研究进行分析研究，看看是否有任何证据证明这一观点。）和“Credediscoveredthatwhenstudentsarequizzedoverclassmaterialatleastonceaweek,theytendtoperformbetteronmidtermandfinalexamscomparedtostudentswhodidnottakequizzes.”（Crede发现，当学生每周至少接受一次课堂材料的测验时，他们在期中和期末考试中的表现往往比没有参加测验的学生更好。）可知，本文主要讲述了Crede经过研究证明经常进行小测验会对学生成绩有积极的影响，故B项“小测验可以提高学习成绩”最适合作文章的标题。故选B项。（2021·山西大学附属中学高三诊断考试）DArtandsciencemayseemlikeoppositethings.Onemeansthecreativeflowofideas,andtheothermeanscold,harddata—somepeoplebelieve.Infact,thetwohavemuchincommon.Now,astudyfindsartcanhelpstudentsrememberbetterwhattheylearnedinscienceclass.MarialeHardiman,aneducationspecialistatJohnsHopkinsUniversity,noticedthatstudentswhousedartintheclassroomlistenedmorecarefully.Theymightaskmorequestions.Theymightvolunteermoreideas.What’smore,studentsseemedtoremembermoreofwhattheyhadbeentaughtwhentheirsciencelessonshadinvolved（涉及）art.Toprovethat,Hardimanteamedupwithsomeresearchersandsixlocalschools.Intheexperiment,theresearchersworkedwithteachersin16fifth-gradeclassrooms.Theyprovidedtraditionalsciencelessonsandart-focusedones.Inatraditionalscienceclass,forexample,studentsmightreadaloudfromabook.Intheart-focusedone,theymightsingtheinformationinstead.Theteamrandomlyassigned（随机分配）eachofthe350studentstoeitheratraditionalscienceclassroomoranart-focusedone.Studentsthenlearnedscienceusingthatwayforthewholeunit—aboutthreeweeks.Whentheychangedtoanewtopic,theyalsochangedtotheothertypeofclass.Thisway,eachstudenthadbothanart-focusedclassandatraditionalone.Everyunitwastaughtinbothways,todifferentgroupsofstudents.Thisenabledtheresearcherstoseehowstudentsdidinbothtypesofclasses.Theteamfoundthatstudentswhostartedoffintraditionalclassesperformedbetteraftertheymovedintoanart-focusedclass.Butthosewhostartedinanart-focusedclassdidwellevenwhentheywentbacktoatraditionalscienceclass.Thesestudentsappearedtousesomeofthearttechniques（技巧）aftergoingbacktoatraditionalclass.Classroomteachersreportedthatmanystudentscontinuedtosingthesongsthattheylearnedafterfinishingtheunit.“Themorewehearsomething,themoreweretainit,”Hardimansays.“Itsuggeststhattheartsmayhelpstudentsapplycreativewaysoflearningontheirown.”12．WhydidMarialeHardimandothestudy?A．Toprovetheimportanceofartatschool.B．Toknowhowtoencouragestudentstoaskquestions.C．Tofindawaytohelpherstudentslearnbetter.D．Toseeifartmightimprovesciencelearning.13．Whatwerethestudentsrequiredtodointheexperiment?A．Learnthreeunitsintotal.B．Choosewhatthey'dliketolearn.C．Learntwotopicsforthreeweeks.D．Taketwotypesofclasses.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retain”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Remember. B．Express.C．Improve. D．Finish.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Arthelpsstudentsdevelopcreativity.B．Art-focusedclassesintereststudentsalotC．Artcanmakescienceeasiertoremember.D．Arthassomethingincommonwithscience.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【语篇解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“What'smore,studentsseemedtoremembermoreofwhattheyhadbeentaughtwhentheirsciencelessonshadinvolved（涉及）art.Toprovethat,Hardimanteamedupwithsomeresearchersandsixlocalschools.”（更重要的是，当科学课程涉及到艺术时，学生们似乎能记住更多他们所学到的东西。为了证明这一点，Hardiman与一些研究人员和六所当地学校合作）可知，MarialeHardiman的研究是为了证明艺术是否能够提高科学学习。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theteamrandomlyassigned（随机分配）eachofthe350studentstoeitheratraditionalscienceclassroomoranart-focusedone.”（研究小组将350名学生随机分为两组，一组是传统的科学教室，另一组是艺术教室）以及“Thisenabledtheresearcherstoseehowstudentsdidinbothtypesofclasses.”（这使得研究人员能够看到学生在这两种类型的课堂上的表现）等内容可知，在实验中，学生被要求选两种类型的课。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“Itsuggeststhattheartsmayhelpstudentsapplycreativewaysoflearningontheirown.”（这表明，艺术可以帮助学生应用创造性的自学方法）可知，艺术有助于学生的学习，因此此处是说我们听到的越多，我们记住（学到）的就越多，由此可知划线词词义为“记住”。A.Remember.记住;B.Express.表达；C.Improve.提高；D.Finish.完成。由此可知A符合语境。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中“Now,astudyfindsartcanhelpstudentsrememberbetterwhattheylearnedinscienceclass.”（现在，一项研究发现，艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西）可知，文章主要介绍艺术可以帮助学生更容易记住科学课上学到的东西。故选C。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项（2021·山东菏泽高三一模考试）Sometimes,thestress,fearandgrieffeelingscanoverwhelm(压倒)us.It’sfortunatethatself-careismorewidespreadforpeopleofanyagetouse.Itisusedtodescribetheguidanceonwhatpeoplearounduscandotogethealthy.16.Settleyourmind.Self-carecanhelpeasethementalburden.Whathappenstobesimple,efficientandfreeismeditation(冥想).17.Thepositiveeffectofmeditationonanxiety,depression,focusandevenphysicalpainhasbeensowell-establishedthatitisnowusedinschools,onsportsteamsandincorporateoffices.Rollawaystress.Whenyou'reunderstress,overwhelmed,regularexercisecanbeoneofthefirsthealthyhabitstogo.Movingyourbodyisacoreprincipleofself-careandoneofthebestdefensesagainststress.MelanieCaines,ayogateacher,suggestsmovementneedn’tmeandoingaseriousworkouteveryday.“Alittlegoesalongway.18.”shesays.19Animportantself-carewayistobemindfulaboutwhatyou’reeatingandconsideraddingsomenutritionalsupport.Thismeansabalanceddietthatisrightforyourneeds.Butonecommonlyoverlookedpiece,accordingtoTorontonaturopathic(自然疗法的)doctorNikitaSander,isVitaminD.Shenotesthatthenutrientisprotectiveinmanywaysandhkeyformentalhealth.Ithelpsprotectagainstmooddisorderslikedepression.Generallyspeaking,self-care,asthenamesuggests,iswhateveryoumakeit.20Youcandevelopyourownself-careroutine,asetofpracticesandhabitstofollow.A.Getyourvitamins.BKeepbalanceddiets.C.Herearesomestartingpoints.D.Self-carecanextendinmanydirections.E.Gentleexercisescandoalottorelaxyourentirebody.F.Thatis,lettingyourmindwanderfreelyallowsittosettle.G.Itcanbedifficulttomaintainaregularmeditationpractice.【答案】16.C17.F18.E19.A20.D【语篇解析】本文是一篇说明文，面对生活的压力，我们应该学会护理，因为自我护理可以让我们保持身心健康。文章介绍了一些自我护理的方法。【16题详解】根据空格前一句“Itisusedtodescribeguidanceonwhatpeoplecandotogethealthy.(它被用来描述人们可以做什么来获得健康的指导)”可知，自我护理可以帮助人们获得健康的指导。然后再结合下面各段的小标题，所以本空应该总述可以从多个方面来进行自我护理。那么C项Herearesomestartingpoints(以下是一些出发点)统领下文。故选C。【17题详解】根据空格前一句“Whathappenstobesimple,efficientandfreeismeditation(冥想恰好是简单、有效和自由的)”可知，此处描述了冥想的一些特征。然后再结合空格后一句“Thepositiveeffectofmeditationonanxiety,depression,focusandevenphysicalpainhasbeensowell-establishedthatitisnowusedinschools,onsportsteamsandincorporateoffices.(冥想对焦虑、抑郁、注意力集中甚至身体疼痛都有积极的影响，这种影响已经被广泛应用于学校、运动队和公司办公室)”可知，冥想会对身体带来许多好处。由此可知，空格处应该讲述通过冥想的特点所带来好处。那么F项Thatis,lettingyourmindwanderfreelyallowsittosettle(也就是说，让你的思想自由地漫游可以让它安定下来)中让思想自由的漫游就是冥想的特点。故选F。【18题详解】根据空格前MelanieCaines,ayogateacher,suggestsmovementneedn’tmeandoingaseriousworkouteveryday.(瑜伽老师梅勒妮·凯恩建议，运动并不意味着每天都要做大量的锻炼)”以及“Alittlegoesalongway(一点点就能走得很远)”可知，运动不需要很大的量也不需要高强度，适度的、温和的运动才会对身体带来好处。所以本空应该讲适度运动所带来的好处。那么E项Gentleexercisescandoalottorelaxyourentirebody(温和的运动可以很好地放松你的整个身体)承接上文。故选E。【19题详解】根据空格后的第一句“Animportantself-carewayistobemindfulaboutwhatyou’reeatingandconsideraddingsomenutritionalsupport.(一个重要的自我护理方式是注意你的饮食，并考虑添加一些营养物)”以及“Butonecommonlyoverlookedpiece,accordingtoTorontonaturopathic(自然疗法的)doctorNikitaSander,isVitaminD.Shenotesthatthenutrientisprotectiveinmanywaysandhkeyformentalhealth.(但据多伦多的自然疗法医生尼基塔·桑德(NikitaSander)说，维生素D是一个经常被忽视的东西。她指出，这种营养物质在很多方面都有保护作用，是心理健康的关键)”可知，自我护理的一个重要方式就是注意膳食，尤其是补充维生素D。所以本段主要表达的意思就是要注意补充维生素。那么A项Getyourvitamins(补充维生素)满足本段段意。故选A。【20题详解】根据空格后一句“Youcandevelopyourownself-careroutine,asetofpracticesandhabitstofollow(你可以建立自己的自我护理程序，一套可以遵循的习惯和习惯)”可知，可以根据自身的特点制定自己的自我护理。由此可知，空格处讲述的应该是自我护理不单单只是之前所提到的那些方面，它还可以涵盖许多方面。那么D项Self-carecanextendinmanydirections(自我护理可以延伸到很多方面)引出下文。故选D。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2021·山东青岛高三统一质量检测）DevinHinkston,30,wasdrivingthroughthetownwhenhespottedaboyplayingbasketballinhisdriveway.Whenhegot21,herealizedtheboywasusingatrashcanasabasketballhoop.Hinkstondecidedto22that.“Ialwaysdorandomactsof23Hinkstonsaid.“Forexample,whenIseea24person,I’llbuyhimajacketorfood.Ijustnever25aboutitonsocialmediabecausethat'snotthereasonwhyIdoit.Idoitfromthe26”.WhenHinkston27thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift,hewasgreetedbyPatriciaWilliamsandher8-year-oldgrandsonJeremiah.WilliamssaidJeremiahloves28andplaysitintheleagueinalocalchurch.“Thismanwasacomplete29”,Williamssaid.“IjuststartedcryingbecauseIfellhewasanangel.”Hinkstonsaidhegot30too.“Jeremiahwasjumpingfor31andIwasdroppingtears,”Hinkstonsaid.“Itwasspecial.”Hinkstonsaidhehasstayedin32withthefamilyandmakesagoodplantogobacktothehousetohelpthem33_thebasketballhoop.His34dream,hesaid,istofunda35gymforthekidsinthecommunitysotheyhaveactivitiestodoafterschool.21.A.faster B.closer C.clearer D.sooner22.A.make B.change C.find D.get23.A.kindness B.happiness C.freedom D.surprise24.A.lucky B.wealthy C.homeless D.careless25.A.think B.argue C.complain D.post26.A.heart B.beginning C.benefit D.young27.A.left B.passedby C.pulledupto D.built28.A.sports B.athletes C.gift D.basketball29.A.helper B.supporter C.loser D.stranger30.A.emotional B.lost C.hopeful D.crazy31.A.joy B.shock C.fun D.wish32.A.mood B.life C.touch D.tension33.A.buy B.fit C.prepare D.break34.A.unrealistic B.early C.standard D.ultimate35.A.super B.nonprofit C.splendid D.special【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.C28.D29.D30.A31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B【语篇解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了DevinHinkston在开车路上看到一个男孩把垃圾桶当篮球筐用，于是喜欢做善事的他来到男孩家里，为他送去了篮球筐，男孩和家人为此都很感动和高兴。Hinkston还想将来资助一家非营利性的体育馆让孩子们放学后可以去活动。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他走近时，他发现那个男孩把垃圾桶当篮球筐用。A.faster更快的；B.closer更近的；C.clearer更清楚的；D.sooner更快的。结合后文“herealizedtheboywasusingatrashcanasabasketballhoop”可知，Hinkston走近了才发现男孩在把垃圾桶当篮球筐用。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hinkston决定改变这一情况。A.make制作；B.change改变；C.find找到；D.get得到。结合后文“thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift”去男孩家送篮球筐，可知他想要改变这一情况。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我总是做一些善举，”Hinkston说。A.kindness善举；B.happiness幸福；C.freedom自由；D.surprise惊喜。结合后文Hinkston举例说自己经常给无家可归的人买衣服和食物，可知他喜欢时不时做一些善举。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，当我看到一个无家可归的人，我会给他买一件夹克或食物。A.lucky幸运的；B.wealthy富有的；C.homeless无家可归的；D.careless粗心的。根据后文“I'llbuyhimajacketorfood”可推知是给无家可归的人买衣服或食物。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是从来没有在社交媒体上发过，因为这不是我这么做的原因。A.think思考；B.argue争论；C.complain抱怨；D.post发布。根据后文“aboutitonsocialmedia”可知指在社交媒体上发布自己的善举。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我这样做是发自内心。A.heart内心，心脏；B.beginning开始；C.benefit利益；D.young年轻人。上文提到Hinkston说自己不在社交媒体上发布自己所做的善举，说明他的善举不是为了博取关注，而是真正发自内心想要帮助他人。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：当Hinkston把一个篮球筐作为礼物送到家里时，PatriciaWilliams和她8岁的孙子Jeremiah迎接了他。A.left离开；B.passedby经过；C.pulledupto追赶上、赶到；D.built建造。根据后文“thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift”可知指带着篮球筐赶到男孩家里。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Williams说，Jeremiah热爱篮球，并在当地一家教堂的联盟里打篮球。A.sports运动；B.athletes运动员；C.gift礼物；D.basketball篮球。呼应上文“aboyplayingbasketball”，Jeremiah喜欢的是篮球。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Williams说：“这个人完全是个陌生人。”A.helper助手；B.supporter支持者；C.loser失败者；D.stranger陌生人。根据第一段中“DevinHinkston,30,wasdrivingthroughthetownwhenhespottedaboyplayingbasketballinhisdriveway.”可知Hinkston是在开车路上看到男孩的，可见他们之间根本不认识，是陌生人。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hinkston说他也被带动得情绪激动起来。A.emotional情绪的；B.lost迷茫的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.crazy疯狂的。根据上文“IjuststartedcryingbecauseIfelthewasanangel.”以及后文“Iwasdroppingtears”，可知Williams开始哭泣，带动得Hinkston也变得情绪激动起来。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hinkston说：“Jeremiah高兴得跳了起来，我也流下了眼泪。”A.joy快乐；B.shock震惊；C.fun乐趣；D.wish希望。Hinkston给之前用垃圾桶当篮球筐的Jeremiah送来了篮球筐，所以Jeremiah此时的反应应当是高兴。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hinkston说，他一直与这家人保持着联系，并计划回去帮助他们填满篮筐。A.mood情绪；B.life生活；C.touch触碰、联系；D.tension紧张。根据后文“withthefamilyandplanstogobacktothehousetohelpthem”可知Hinkston一直和这家人保持联系，stayintouchwith“保持联系”。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hinkston说，他一直与这家人保持着联系，并计划回去帮助他们安装篮筐。A.buy购买；B.fit安装；C.prepare准备；D.break打破。根据后文“thebasketballhoop”可知篮筐应当是安装，fit最符合语境。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，他的终极梦想是为社区里的孩子们资助一家非营利性的体育馆，这样他们放学后就有活动可做。A.unrealistic不切实际的；B.early早期的；C.standard标准的；D.ultimate最终的。根据后文“gymforthekidsinthecommunitysotheyhaveactivitiestodoafterschool”可知，Hinkston的终极梦想是为社区里的孩子们资助一家非盈利性的体育馆，好让他们放学后可以在里面活动。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，他终极梦想是为社区里的孩子们资助一家非盈利性的体育馆，这样他们放学后就有活动可做。A.super特级的；B.nonprofit非营利的；C.splendid辉煌的；D.special特别的。结合上文Hinkston喜欢做善举，且总是帮助他人，可推测他想要资助的体育馆是非盈利性的，这样孩子们才可以放学后去活动。故选B。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分）（2021·江西新余高三联考）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sTaijiquan,alsoknownasTaiChi--amajorpartoftheopeningceremonyofthe2008BeijingOlympicGamesandrepresentedbymillionsofpracticersworldwide－36(add)toUNESCO'SRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityinDecember2020.UNESCOdescribedit37atraditionalphysicalpracticecharacterizedbyrelaxedandcircularmovements.Taijiquan,38originatedduringthemid-17thcenturyinWenxiancountyinJiaozuo,Henanprovince,ispracticedthroughoutthecountrybypeopleofallagesandethnicgroups.39(influence)byTaoistandConfucianthoughtandtheoriesofChineseandtheoriesofChinesemedicine，40practicehasdevelopedintoseveralschoolsorstylesnamedafteraclan(家族)oramaster’spersonalsurname,suchasChenstyleorYangstyle.Theyarepasseddownthroughclan-basedformorthemaster-apprentice(师徒)model,41builtupontheyinandyangcycleandtheculturalunderstandingoftheunityofheavenandhumanity.Thesuccessfulbidisofgreatart42(significant)tothepromotionofwushu,and43(especial)Taijiquan,globally.Weshouldworkmorecloselywithscientificinstitution44(show)theconnectionbetweenTaijiquanand45(people)physicalandpsychologicalhealth.【答案】36.wasadded37.as38.which39.Influenced40.the41.and42.significance43.especially44.toshow45.people's【语篇解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国太极拳的发展，并被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：2020年12月，中国太极拳——2008年北京奥运会开幕式的重要组成部分，代表着世界各地数百万的练习者——被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。根据句中时间状语inDecember2020可知，用一般过去时。主语China’sTaijiquan与add之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wasadded。【37题详解】考查短语。句意：合国教科文组织将其描述为一种传统的体育锻炼。describe…as…描绘成……。故填as。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：太极拳起源于17世纪中叶的河南省焦作市文县，全国各年龄、各民族的人都在练太极拳。句中先行词为Taijiquan，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受道家、儒家思想、中国理论和中医理论的影响，这种锻炼发展成以家族或大师的姓命名的几个流派或风格，如陈式