新高考英语二轮复习题型专练11 科学技术类阅读理解(原卷版)

高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）11科学技术类阅读理解【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。【考试方向】科普类文章是高考英语的常考题材。文章中词汇的意思比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。为了描述一个客观事物，严密地表达自己的观点，作者经常会使用集多种语法现象于一体的长句。所以，文中出现的句子结构通常较复杂，语法分析较困难。1.结构严谨，逻辑性强。科普类文章属于说明文，一般由导语（introduction）、背景（background）、主体（mainbody）和结尾（end）四部分构成，在句首和句尾常出现主题句。这类文章通常有明确的主题，并且论证主题的事实逻辑结构严谨，层次分明，段落清晰。2.从词汇角度来看，在科普类文中，词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。由于科普类文章读者对象是大众，所以语言上力求浅显易懂，用通俗的语言解释某种科学现象和科学道理，但其中有些词汇仍带有很强的术语性的烙印。但通过上下文解释考生可以推定词义，从而顺利解题。因此，科普类文章中尽管有专业词汇和术语，但可以通过上下文、构词法等来理解题目，猜出题意。3.从语法和句子结构方面看，句子结构较复杂，长难句较多，语法分析较困难，为了描述一个客观事实，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用及多种语法现象与一体的长句。常用被动语态、定语从句等【得分要点】1、学生需先通读短文，把握文章大意，了解该短文是解释何种科学现象或科学道理的，抓住体现本文主题的关键词和关键句，提高阅读速度。2、要做好科普类文章试题，考生还要掌握这类文章的特点和结构，真正读懂并理解它。在阅读这类文章时要遵循此类文章的一般结构：导语、背景、主体和结尾。阅读时要注意开头和结尾，往往可以归纳出文中的中心思想。3、在了解全文大意和结构的基础上，学会解决what/how/why等一类的问题，他们是文章的关键，如果能够带着这些问题去阅读，则会更迅速地抓住文章的主题。另外，还要通过读书看报等多普及科普知识，比如：太空与海洋、环境与污染、科技与创造发明、医疗卫生，动物世界等。这样长期坚持，既开阔了视野又能正确迅速地做好此类题。【真题再现1】【2020·全国卷I，C】Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接触)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.28.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.29.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It’slesschallengingphysically.C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.30.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical. B.Objective.C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。28.细节理解题。根据第二段“Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。29.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。30.细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr.Norberg说的话“Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr.Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。31.推理判断题。根据第一段“Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。【真题再现2】【2020·全国卷II，B】Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrentheUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(认知)aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents’income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirabilitytorotate(旋转)andtranslateshapes,”Levinesaidinastatement.Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofchildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythanparentsofgirls.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.24.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?A.Buildingconfidence. B.Developingspatialskills.C.Learningself-control. D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.25.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment？A.Parents’age. B.Children’simagination.C.Parents’education. D.Child-parentrelationship.26.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Amathematicalmethod. B.Ascientificstudy.C.Awomanpsychologist D.Ateachingprogram.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.B【解析】本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。24.细节理解题。根据第二段中…foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4developbetterspatialskill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B.Developingspatialskills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选B项。25.细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognitionaftercontrollingfordifferenceinparents'income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.(Levine说，在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C.Parents'education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。26.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选D项。27.主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B.Ascientificstudy(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。【题型演练】1TwoAmericanastronautsweregreetedbymorethanadozenprivateboatsonSundayastheirSpaceXcapsulelandedsafelyintheGulfofMexico.Afewboatswentforacloserlookatthecapsule,which,aidedbyparachutes,gentlyhitthewateroffthecoastofFlorida.Asthecapsulebouncedinthewater,arecoveryteaminstructedtheboaterstostayaway.ThisraisedconcernsamongNASAandSpaceXofficialsaboutsecurityandsafetyprocedures.TheNASAadministrator,Jim,acknowledgedthattheunprotectedreceptionshouldnothavehappened."Ifthereisanemergency,theboatsmighthavemaderecoveryefforts,buttherewerepoisonoussmokesfromthecapsule.Weneedtodobetternexttime,"hesaid.TheCoastGuardwanedboaterstostayclearoftheareainaradiobroadcasttwohoursbeforethesplashdown,butmanyboatersignoredtherequestsanddecidedtoenterthearea,puttingthemselvesinpotentialdanger.RobertL.BehnkenandDouglasG.Hurley,theNASAastronauts,returnedtoEarthafternearly64daysinorbit,mostofthemspentaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.TheirtriphomewasaboardtheCrewDragon,builtbytheprivatecompanySpaceXtotransportNASAastronauts.TheagencyhasreliedonRussiafortripstospacesincethespaceshuttleswereretiredin2011.Whiletheshuttles,likeairplanes,landedonrunways,SpaceXchosewaterlandings,whichNASAhasnotdonesince1975,whenthelastoftheApollomoduleswenttospace.1.Whatweretheboatersaskedtodoatthelandingofthecapsule?A.Cometorescuethecapsule.B.Keepawayfromthecapsule.C.Takeaphotowiththecapsule.D.Warnothersoutofthelandingarea.2.WhatdoesJimthinkabouttheprivateboaters?A.Theywereexposedtorisks.B.Theywerewellorganized.C.Theywerescaredofthecapsule.D.Theydreamedofgoingtospace.3.Whathappenedin1975accordingtothetext?A.ThelastoftheApollomoduleswentbacktoearth.B.Waterlandingswereintroducedforspacecapsule.C.TheInternationalSpaceStationwasputtowork.D.NASAstoppedusingwaterlandingsforcapsules.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NASABeginstoSendSpaceshipsonitsOwnafter45YearsB.SpareXCapsuleMadeaBreakthroughbylandingonWaterC.NASAAstronautsReturnedtoEarthafterWorkingatISSD.BoatsEnteringCapsuleLandingAreaRaisedSafetyConcerns2Doyouwantsomethingdifferentfordinner?Trysomespacefood.ManyscientistsarelivingformonthsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationhighabovetheearth.It'stooexpensivetocarryfoodtofeedpeoplelivinginspace.Therefore,peopleinspacewillneedtogrowfoodforthemselves.Buthowcantheygrowfoodwithoutsoilandsunlight?Today,wealreadyhavehydroponicvegetables.Thescienceofhydroponicsisnotnew.ManywritersbelievethattheHangingGardensofBabylonwereactuallyalargehydroponicsystem.Thissystemcouldhaveusedfreshwaterthatwasrichinoxygenandmineralsfortheplants.Hydroponicsystemsneedlight.Inadditiontosunlight,hydroponicfarmscanuseartificiallights.Insteadofsoil,hydroponicfarmsusemixturesofchemicalstofeedtheplants.Andinadditiontoanaturalclimate,mosthydroponicfarmsoftenusegreenhouses.Oneadvantageofhydroponicsisthatdiseasesandinsectsthattravelthroughthesoilareavoided.Anotheradvantageistherearenoweedstopullout.Farmersknowhowtogrowafewkindsofhydroponicvegetables,suchaslettuces,tomatoes,andcucumbers.Butinspace,peoplewillneedtoeatmorethansalad.Soscientistsarelearninghowtogrowhydroponicrice,beansandpotatoes.Astheydotheseexperiments,theyareanalyzingtheirresultsandexamininghowtoapplytheseresultstoareallifesituationprovidingtastymealsforspacetravelers.Thescientistsmakeimitationmeatdishes,suchascarrotdrumsticks,madefromcarrots,garlic,andbread,insteadofchicken.Howdotheseunusualfoodstaste?Thescientistshavebeeninvitingagroupoftastetestersintotheirlaboratories.Sofar,theyhavetested200differentrecipes.Thecarrotdrumstickdishwasahit.Perhapssoon,peoplewilleatmealsmadefromhydroponicvegetablesthataretrulyoutofthisworld.5.Whydoscientistsgrowspacefood?A.Toreducefoodcosts. B.Tosupportspacetravelers.C.Tofindnewvarietiesoffood. D.Toincreaseagriculturalproduction.6.Whatisamusttogrowhydroponicvegetables?A.Sunlight. B.Warmweather.C.Soiltogrowtheplantsin. D.Chemicalstofeedtheplants.7.Whatisoneadvantageofhydroponicplants?A.Theydon'tgetdiseases. B.Theyaren'taffectedbyweeds.C.Theycangrowinalightlessplace. D.Theyarebiggerthancommonones.8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsscientists'spacefoodexperiment?A.Uninterested. B.Doubtful. C.Optimistic. D.Cautious.3Bricksareoneoftheoldestknownbuildingmaterials,datingbackthousandsofyears.ButresearchersatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishavefoundanewuseforbricks:asenergystorageunits.Ateamofengineersandchemistshavefoundawaytotransformanordinaryhousebrickintoapseudo-battery—allowingittoconductandstoreelectricity.Thebricksarepowerfulenoughtoilluminate（点亮）anLEDlightbulbandcostonlyabout$3tomake.“Ilovetheideaofaddingvaluetothingsthatareinexpensive,thingsthatareaffordable,thingsthatwekindoftakeforgranted,”saidJulioD’Arcy,anassistantprofessorofchemistryatWashingtonUniversityandoneoftheresearchersonthisproject.Thebrickbatteryreliesonthereddishpigment（色素）knownasironoxide,orrust,thatgivesredbrickstheircolor.Thescientistspumpedthebrickswithseveralgasesthatreactwithironoxidetoproduceanetworkofplasticfibers.Thesemicroscopicfiberscoattheemptyspacesinsidethebricks—andconductelectricity.“Whatwe’retryingtodois:we’retryingtomakespecializedplasticsthatareonlyusedonthenano（纳米）scale—whereweuseverylittleoftheplastic,andwecanactuallyinsertthatplasticinsideconstructionmaterials.”ThestudyisinthejournalNatureCommunications.Inthefuture,D’Arcysays,abrickwallcouldpotentiallyserveadoublepurpose:providingstructuralsupportandstoringelectricitygeneratedfromrenewableenergysources,suchassolarpanels.Thetechnologyisstillatleastafewyearsawayfrombeingreadyforthecommercialmarket.Andrightnowtheenergystoragecapacityofthebricksisstillprettylow—about1percentofalithiumbattery.Buttheteamisnowtestingwaystoimprovebrickperformance—becauseitlookslikeyoucanteachanoldbricknewtricks.9.WhatappealstoJulioD’Arcylistingbricksastheirsubjects?A.Theirlowexpense. B.Theircommonexistence.C.Theiradditionalvalue. D.Theirinternalcomposition.10.Whatisthelaststepofmakingabrickconductelectricity?A.Pumpthebrickwithgases.B.Colorthebrickred.C.Producemicroscopicfibers.D.Coveritsinnervacancywithmicroscopicfibers.11.Whatwillthefuturebricksbelikeaccordingtothepassage?A.Constructionmaterialspossessinglowenergystoragecapacity.B.Constructionmaterialsgeneratingrenewableenergyresources.C.Constructionmaterialsusedforelectricitystorage.D.Constructionmaterialswithbuilt-incommonplastic.12.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetothetechnology?A.Skeptical. B.Objective.C.Conservative. D.Controversial.4Self-drivingcarsarejustaroundthecorner.Suchvehicleswillmakegettingfromoneplacetoanothersaferandlessstressful.Theyalsocouldcutdownontraffic,reducepollutionandlimitaccidents.Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandleemergencies(突发情况)?Peopledisagreeontheanswer.Andthatmightputthebrakesonthistechnology,anewstudyconcludes.Tounderstandthechallenge,imagineacarthatsuddenlymeetssomepedestriansintheroad.Evenwithbraking,it’stoolatetoavoidacrash.Sothecar’sartificialintelligencemustdecidewhethertoswerve(急转弯).Tosavethepedestrians,shouldthecarswerveofftheroadorswerveintooncomingtraffic?Whatifsuchoptionswouldlikelykillthecar’spassengers?Researchersusedonlinesurveystostudypeople’sattitudesaboutsuchsituationswithdriverlesscars.Surveyparticipantsmostlyagreedthatdriverlesscarsshouldbedesignedtoprotectthemostpeople.Thatincludedswervingintowalls(orotherwisesacrificingtheirpassengers)tosavealargernumberofpedestrians.Butthereisahitch(困境).Thosesamesurveyedpeoplewanttorideincarsthatprotectpassengersatallcosts—evenifthepedestrianswouldnowendupdying.JeanBonnefonisapsychologistattheToulouseSchoolofEconomicsinFrance.HeandhiscolleaguesreportedtheirfindingsinScience.“Autonomouscarscancompletelychangetransportation”,saysstudycoauthorIyadRahwan.But,headds,thisnewtechnologycreatesamoraldilemma(道德两难)thatcouldslowitsacceptance.Makersofdriverlesscarsareinatoughspot,Bonnefon’sgroupwarns.Mostbuyerswouldwanttheircartobeprogrammedtoprotecttheminpreferencetootherpeople.However,regulationsmightonedayinstructthatcarsmustactforthegreatergood.Thatwouldmeansavingthemostpeople.Butthescientiststhinkruleslikethiscoulddriveawaybuyers.Ifso,allthepotentialbenefitsofdriverlesscarswouldbelost.Compromisesmightbepossible,KurtGraysays.HeisapsychologistattheUniversityofNorthCarolina.Hethinksthatevenifalldriverlesscarsareprogrammedtoprotecttheirpassengersinemergencies,trafficaccidentswilldecrease.Thosevehiclesmightbedangeroustopedestriansonrareoccasions.Butthey“won’tspeed,won’tdrivedrunkandwon’ttextwhiledriving,whichwouldbeawinforsociety.”13.Theunderlinedword“challenge”inparagraph2refersto____________.A.people’snegativeattitudestowardsself-drivingcarsB.howself-drivingcarsreducetrafficaccidentsC.thetechnicalproblemsthatself-drivingcarshaveD.howself-drivingcarshandleemergencies14.Accordingtothetext,onlinesurveysshowthat_____________.A.self-drivingcars’artificialintelligenceneedsimprovementB.thebusytrafficmaybeaproblemforself-drivingcarsC.peopleareinamoraldilemmaaboutdriverlesscarsD.self-drivingcarsshouldbedesignedtoprotectdrivers15.Whatcanwelearnfromthefifthparagraph?A.Regulationsareinfavourofdrivers.B.Mostpeopledislikeself-drivingcarsnow.C.Self-drivingcarmakersareinadifficultsituation.D.Thepotentialbenefitsofdriverlesscarsareignored.16.WhatisKurtGray’sattitudetowardself-drivingcars?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful.C.Critical. D.Disapproving.5Asheatwavescontinuetoravagetheplanet,airconditionersarebecomingmoreandmorecommon.However,these"active"coolingdevicesareposingproblemsbecausetheelectricityconsumptionwhichmostpeopleareconcernedaboutandthereleaseofozone-damagingchemicalsworsenthegreenhousegaseffect,resultinginthecreationofheatislandsandfurtherthermalpollution.Therefore,"passive"cooling,whichdoesn'thavesucheffects,hasattractedconsiderableattentionfrombothscientistsandordinarypeopleinrecentyears.Inarecentstudy,ateamofresearchersfromChinaandUSpresentedaneco-friendly,low-costsmartcoatingtokeepbuildingscoolerwhileconsumingzeroelectricity.Infraredradiation-basedpassivecoolinghasbeeninvestigatedsince2014,butchallenges,mainlytheexpensiveandunsustainabledesign,havegreatlylimitedtheirlarge-scaleandwidespreadapplication.Besides,theimbalanceincoolingabilityofthesecoatingsduringthedayandnighttendstoleadtogreatday-nighttemperaturedifferencesasmoreheatislostthangainedatnight.Thesolutionthereforerequiresa"smart"mechanismthatcanbothenhancedaytimecoolingandminimizenighttimeheatloss.Todothis,theresearcherscreatedanewsmartcoatingcomprisedofconventionalbuildingmaterials,includingtitaniumdioxidenanoparticles,fluorescentmicroparticles,andglassmicrospheresthatwereengineeredtoreflectmostofthesunlight.Specifically,thetitaniumdioxideparticleseffectivelyreflectsunlightthroughlightscattering（撒播）whilethefluorescentparticlesincreasetheamountofreflectionbychangingtheabsorbedsunlightintofluorescenceemissions,whichdrivemoreheatawayfromthebuilding.Meanwhile,theglassmicrospheresre-sendmid-infraredbroadbandradiation,allowingnotonlyheatloss,butallowingheatexchangetotakeplacebetweenthebuildingandthesky.Thecoatingwastestedonamodelconcretebuilding.Throughthisefficientheatexchangewiththesky,daytimecoolingwasstrengthenedwhilenighttimecoolingwasreduced.Thebuilding'sinsidetemperaturewasalwaysmaintainedataround26℃,evenwhentheout-sidetemperaturevariedfrom24℃to37℃duringtheday.Webelievethisnewcoatingwillmakeittocommercializationsoon,enablingasustainable,passivecoolingtechnologythatcouldhelptofightclimatechangeandtheglobalenergycrisis.17.Whatisthevirtueofpassivecooling?A.Itissimpletodesign. B.Itusesnochemicals.C.Itissmart. D.Itusesnopower.18.Whycouldn'ttheformercoatingbeappliedcommercially?A.Itwashardtodesign.B.Itsmaterialwashardtoproduce.C.Itsheatlossandcoolingareimbalanced.D.Itwasn'ttestedonamodelconcretebuilding.19.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"mechanism"inparagraph3?A.Metal. B.System. C.Platform. D.Building.20.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theprincipleofair-conditioning.B.Thedifferencesbetweenactiveandpassivecooling.C.Anewcoatingtokeepbuildingscoolwithoutelectricity.D.Anewbuildingtomaintainitsinsidetemperaturewithoutelectricity.6Expertshavelongpredictedthat3Dprintingwillrevolutionize(变革)theconstructionindustry.Theworld'sfirsttwo-storyhomeprintedinasinglepieceemergedinAntwerp,Belgium.“Whatmake