新高考英语二轮复习题型专练09 人物传记类阅读理解(原卷版)

高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）09专练09人物传记类阅读理解【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。【考试方向】记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。【得分要点】高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。一、记叙文写作特点记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。二、记叙文命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。三、记叙文答题技巧一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。No.1顺藤摸瓜记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。No.2左顾右盼在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。No.3刨根问底如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。No.4拨云见日每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。【真题再现】【2020·新高考全国卷I，B】JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(学费),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(牺牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily. B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents. D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth. B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation. D.Herchanceofpromotion.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney. B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。4.细节理解题。根据第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。5.细节理解题。根据第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。6.细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat’stheprettypowerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C.Hardworkpaysoff.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。【题型演练】1The2020NobelPrizeinliteraturehasbeenawardedtoformerU.S.PoetLaureate（桂冠诗人）LouiseGluck.Theprizecommitteecited“heruniquepoeticvoicethatwithplainbeautymakesindividualexistenceuniversal”.GluckisthefirstAmericanwomantowintheawardsinceToniMorrisonin1993.Gluck,77,joinsalistofliterarygiantsandpreviousNobelistswhoinclude,inthiscentury,Canadianshort-storymasterAliceMunro,Chinesemagical-realistMoYan,etc.Gluck’sworkincludes12collectionsofpoetryandafewvolumesofessaysonliterarywriting.“Allarecharacterizedbyastrivingforclarity（清晰）.Childhoodandfamilylife,thecloserelationshipwithparentsandsiblings,isathemethathasremainedcentraltoher,”AndersOlsson,thechairmanoftheNobelCommitteeforLiterature,said.“Sheseekstheuniversal,andinthisshetakesinspirationfrommythsandclassicalmotifs,”Olssonadded,citingher2006collectionAverno,whichthecommitteedescribedas“masterly”forits“visionaryinterpretationofthemythofPersephone’s(珀尔塞福涅)fallintohellinthecaptivity(囚禁)ofHades(哈得斯),thegodofdeath”.BeingaprofessoratYaleandaresidentofCambridge,GluckalsoservedasU.S.PoetLaureatefrom2003to2004andisnostrangertoawards.ShewonthePulitzerPrizein1993forhercollectionofpoemstitledTheWildIris,inwhich“shedescribestheincrediblereturnoflifeafterwinterinthepoemSnowdrops,”theNobelliteraturecommitteesaidThursday.Shealsowonthe2014NationalBookAwardforthepoemFaithfulandVirtuousNight.In2016,PresidentObamaawardedtheNationalHumanitiesMedaltoGluckinaWhiteHouseceremony.Thepublicity-shyGluckdidnotimmediatelyissueanycommentaboutthelatesthonorforherbodyofwork,whichspansmorethanhalfacentury.Ina2012interview,sheacknowledgedthatprizescanmake“existenceintheworldeasier”butdidnotamounttotheimmortality(不朽)ofatrueartist.1.WhatcanweknowaboutGluckfromParagraph1?A.SheisaspopularastheChinesenovelistMoYan.B.ShewontheNobelPrizeforherspecialliterarystyle.C.SheisthefirstAmericantowinaNobelPrizeinliterature.D.SheistheonlyPoetLaureateinmodernAmericanhistory.2.WhatdoGluck’spoemsmainlyfocuson?A.Dailylife. B.Nature.C.Careers. D.Classicalmyths.3.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?A.ToshowGluck’scontributionstoliterature.B.ToproveGluck’sgreatpassionforwriting.C.TopresentGluck’soutstandingachievements.D.TostressGluck’sinfluenceonotherpoets.4.WhatdoesGluckthinkaboutthehonorshehasreceived?A.Sheiscontentwithit.B.Shetakesitveryseriously.C.Shedeservesahigherhonor.D.Shedoesn’tattachgreatimportancetoit.2ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Attheageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholder.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley’swifetriedtostrikeMumbet’ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued（起诉）forherfreedom.WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendant（后裔）.Oneofhergreat-grandchildrenwasW.E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.Mumbet’stombstone,stillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”5.WhatledtoMumbetrunningawayfromtheAshleys?A.Findinganewemployer. B.Wantingtobealawyer.C.Beingabusedandangry. D.Attendingtohersister.6.WhatinfluencedidthediscussionofthenewconstitutionhaveonMumbet?A.IthelpedMumbettobetterservetheAshleys.B.ItremindedMumbettowinherequalityandfreedom.C.ItcausedMumbettoviolatethenewconstitution.D.IthelpedMumbettoapplyforajobsmoothly.7.WhatdoweknowaboutMumbetafterthetrial?A.Shechosetoworkforalawyer.B.Shebecameawriterinherownfield.C.ShefoundedtheNAACPforhergrandchildren.D.Shejumpedatthechancetobeapaidemployee.8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Astoryofafamouswriterandspokesperson.B.Thefriendshipbetweenalawyerandaslave.C.ThelifeofabraveAfricanAmericanwoman.D.Atrialthatshockedthewholeworld.3RoseMcGeebakessweetpotatopiesformourningcommunitiesalloverthecountry.Thisyear,shefoundherselfservingsweetreliefinherownbackyard.OnthefirstnightofthepolicecurfewinMinneapolislastsummer,RoseMcGeebarelyslept."PeopleIknowwereoutonthestreets,saysthe69-year-oldresidentofnearbyGoldenValley."Iwasworried.”McGeedecidedtostayupthefollowingnightandbakesweetpotatopies.Inthemorning,goodswerefirstsenttomournersatGeorgeFloyd'smemorialsite.Shedeliveredherbakedgoodsfirsttojust14milesaway,andthentoprotestorsandvolunteersattheMinneapolisbranchoftheNAACP.Thefollowingweekend,shetookdozensmoretoatemporaryfooddistributioncenterinSt.Paulwheremanygrocerystoreshadbeendestroyed.Sadly,McGeehasmadeSweetPotatoComfortPies,asshecallsthem,alltooofteninrecentyears.Shebakedherfirstpackin2014,afternewsofunrestbrokeoutinFerguson,Missouri,followingthepolicekillingofMichaelBrown.McGeedrovemorethan500milestoFergusontopersonallydeliverthe30piesshehadmadeinthesameyear.Thenextyear,sheshippedmoretoCharleston,SouthCarolina,wherenineworshippershadbeenshotdeadattheMotherEmanuelAMEChurch.Aftertwoyears,McGee'spiescomfortedthoseinandaroundMinneapolisafterpoliceofficersfatallyshotJamarClarkandPhilandoCastile.“Lookingatthosewhoareinsuffering,Iaminsorrow.I'mlookingforwardtocomfortingthem.Aspeoplecarrythesepies,they'reabletohavedialogues,abletolistentoeachother.”McGeesays,“Ifwedon'tstartlisteningmore,Idon'tknowhowwe'lleverbeabletomoveforward.Thepiesaresimplywhatcanpromotethat.”9.ThereasonwhyMcGeewasworriedonthatnightisthat.A.herneighborsmightstayuptoolateB.potatopieswerenotenoughtodistributeC.manyneighborswerearrestedbythepoliceD.peoplehungouttogetherinthenightagainstthecurfew10.Whathappenedintheyearof2015?A.Thepoliceandresidentscameintobattle.B.Nineworshipperswerekilledbygunshot.C.ThepolicemurderedJamarClarkpurposely.D.McGeebakedherfirstsweetpotatopiessuccessfully.11.McGeemadeSweetPotatoComfortPieto.A.warnthepolicenottomistreatcitizens B.comfortthosewhosufferedfamilyabuseC.motivatetheresidentstofightforfairness D.teachpeoplehowtobuildagoodrelationship12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.People'shelpinginsuffering. B.Therelieffromvictimsinaccidents.C.Thecomfortgiventopeopleinhardship. D.People'sbeingwillingtocommunicate.4AhistoryofvaccinationEBOLA,adeadlyvirus,hasbecomeoneoftheworld’sbiggestproblemsthissummer.SincelastDecember,ithaskilledover1,200people,mostoftheminWestAfrica.Scientistsallovertheworldareactingtostopthe“monster”.Theyaredevelopingmedicines,butmoreimportantly,theyareexperimentingwithvaccinestopreventpeoplefromgettinginfectedinthefirstplace.ThatchangehappenedlargelybecauseoftheBritishdoctorandscientistEdwardJenner,thepioneerofsmallpoxvaccination.Vaccinationhasalwaysbeenapowerfulshieldagainstdiseases.Thenamesofthosediseasesusedtobefrighteninghouseholdnames,butnowtheyareallbutforgotten.JennerwasborninEnglandin1749.Inhistime,smallpoxwasoneofthegreatestkillersoftheperiod,especiallyamongchildren.ButJennernoticedthatmilkmaidsseldomcaughtsmallpox.Whatwasthesecret?Jennerhadabraveguess:Cowssometimescaught“cowpox”,adiseasesimilartosmallpoxbutmuchlessdangerous.Thepusfromthecow’sbodygotontothemilkmaids’handsandprotectedthemfromsmallpox.In1796Jennercarriedoutanexperimentonan8-year-oldboy,thesonofhisgardener.Hefirstmadesomescratchesontheboy’sarm,andthenrubbedthepusintothem.Later,whentheboywasexposedtothesmallpoxvirus,hewasn’tinfected.Jenner’stheorywasproven:alessdangerousvirusmakesyourbodylearntodestroyit.Yourbodycanthenmoreeasilydestroyanysimilarvirusesthatitlatermeets.However,manypeoplecouldn’taccepthisideaatthetime.Tothem,itwasdisgustingtoputmaterialfromadiseasedanimalintosomeone’sbody.Anopponentdrewacartoonin1802inwhichpeoplewhowerevaccinatedbegantogrowcow’sheads.Buttheobviouseffectsofvaccinationwonout,andvaccinationsoonbecamewidespread.Theterms“vaccine”and“vaccination”camefromvariolaevaccinae,whichJennerusedtocall“cowpox”.TohonorJenner,peoplearenowusingthetermsforinoculationagainstanydisease.So,whenwillJenner’slegacysavepeoplefromEbola?Itwon’ttakelong,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.ItisexpectingtoconsidertheemergencyuseofEbolavaccinesbytheendof2014.13.Whatdoesthearticlemainlytalkabout?A.Howvaccinationsprotectusfromdangerousdiseases.B.ThecommoneffortsofscientiststofindacureforEbola.C.Howthefirstvaccineandvaccinationscameabout.D.EdwardJenner’sfightagainstsmallpox.14.FromthetextwecanconcludethatJenner______.A.curedpeopleaftertheyhadsmallpoxB.interviewedmanymilkmaidsbeforehetestedhistheoryC.foundthatthesmallpoxvaccineworkedbetteronchildrenthanadultsD.cameupwithatheorybasedonobservationandhisknowledgeofdiseases15.Whatcouldbeinferredfromthearticle?A.Jenner’ssmallpoxvaccinecouldbeusedtofightagainstEbola.B.Smallpoxvaccinationwasnotwidelyacceptedbythepublicatfirst.C.Thewayvaccinesworkhaschangedalotovertheyears.D.ItwillonlytakemonthsbeforeEbolavaccinesarewidelyused.5OnacoldNovembermorninginYosemiteNationalPark,onthesouth-westfaceofELCapitan,AlexHonnoldholdsontothesideofthewallwithnothingbutthetipsofhisfingersandtwothinedgesofshoes,attemptingtodosomethingthatprofessionalshavelongwantedtodo--a“freesolo”climboftheworld'smostterrifyingcliff(悬崖).Thatmeansheisaloneandclimbingwithoutaropeashemakeshiswayupmorethanhalfamileofrock.PaulPreuss,thefatherofthefreesoloing,statedthekeyoftheclimbingwastomasteramountainwithsuperiorphysicalandmentalskill,not“artificialaid".Havingmadesome150ropelessclimbsbytheageof27,hefelltohisdeathin1913whilefreesoloingintheAustrianAlps.ButPreuss'sideassurvivedandinspiredthe“freeclimbing”movementofthe1960s,whichsupportedusingropesandothersafetyequipment.Thenextfreesoloistappearedin1973,whenHenryBarberclimbedupthe1,00--feetnorthfaceofYosemite'sSentinelRockwithoutarope.In1976,JohnBacharfreesoloedNewDimensions,a300-footcliffinYosemiteandPeterCroftfreesoloedtwoofYosemite'smostcelebratedroutes---AstromanandRostrum--inthesameday.Croft'sachievementstooduntil2007,whenHonnold,then22,astonishedtheworldbyrepeatingCroft'sAstroman--RostrummasterpieceandfreesoloedtwofamouslytoughroutesinZionNationalParkandYosemite.Now,Honnoldisattemptingmuchhighergoalsandheiswellonhiswaytocompletingthegreatestrockclimbinhistory.16.WhatcanyoulearnaboutAlexHonnoldfromParagraph1?A.Heclimbedwithmanyotherpeople.B.Heattemptedtoclimbwithartificialaid.C.Hefreesoloedthesouth-westfaceofELCapitanwithenoughsafetyequipment.D.Hewasthefirstpersontoattempttofreesolothesouth-westfaceofELCaptain.17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“survived"inParagraph2mean?A.Livedlonger. B.Continuedtoexist.C.Escaped. D.Succeeded.18.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Climbersmustn'tuseaidofanykindinclimbing.B.One'sstrengthandwillmatteralotwhilefreesoloing.C.Climbersshoulduseanysafetydeviceswhilefreesoloing.D.Ropescouldonlybeusedasan“artificialaid”whilefreesoloing.19.WhatcanbestdescribeHonnoldfromthelastParagraph?A.Ambitious. B.Encouraged.C.Stubborn. D.Disappointed.6In2018,thestateofCaliforniawasonfire.AlexandriaVillasenor,whowas13atthetime,witnessedthedestructionofNorthernCalifornia’sCampFire,whichwouldgoontoburnmorethan150,000acresofland.Villasenorwasscared.“That’swhenIfoundouthowimportantclimateeducationwas,”shereflected.“Andjusthowmuchwelackedclimateeducationthesepastcoupleofyears.”Villasenor,now15,isdeterminedtohaveabiggerconversation.Shequicklyrealizedthefightrequiresinternational,government-levelchanges.Forher,whatstartedaslocalconcernturnedintoayear-longprotestinfrontoftheUnitedNations’NewYorkCityheadquartersandaglobalcampaignformorecompulsoryclimateeducation.Shesatonabenchinfrontoftheheadquarters,pleadingfortheworld'sleaderstotakeclimatechangeseriously.Heractionreceivednationalattention,withmillionsofotherstudentsaroundtheworldjoininginthemovement.“It'scompletelyunacceptabletonotlearnanythingaboutourplanetandourenvironmentinschool,afteralltheyoungpeoplewould“inherit”theEarth.”Villasenorsaid,“That’swhyIthinkthatclimateeducationissoimportant,andthat'swhyIfocusalotonitnow.”Rightnow,VillasenorisworkingwiththeBiden-Harrisadministrationonitsclimateplan,whichhaspromisedtocentertheneedsofyoungpeopleandcommunitiesmostimpactedbyclimatechange.Sheevenspokeatthe2020DemocraticNationalConvention.“ThatwasdefinitelyahugemomentwhenIrealizedthatpeoplewerelisteningtothevoicesofmeandyouthclimateactivists,”Villasenorsaid.Whensheisn'tconnectingwithherfellowyouthactivistsorholdingelectedofficialsaccountabletotheclimateconcernsoftheiryoungvoters,Villasenorislikemostotherteens.“Myfavoritethingtodo,ofcourse,issleep.”shesaid.“Iliketoreadalot.Ilikefantasybooks,normally.Ialsoliketowrite.”20.WhatmadeVillasenorrealizethelackofclimateeducation?A.ThestateofCalifornia. B.ThefiredisastersinAmerica.C.150,000acresoflandscaringher. D.ThesevereCampfireinCalifornia.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“haveabiggerconversation”mean?A.Totalkwithmorelocalpeopletochangetheirmind.B.Toconveyherbeliefloudlytomoreglobalstudents.C.Tocallonlocalpeopletofightwiththeleaders.D.Toprotesttoleadersathomeandabroadtomakechanges.22.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.VillasenorturnedheroriginalappealintoalastingandwidespreadoneB.Villasenorthinkstheworld’sleadershavetakenclimatechangeseriouslyC.MillionsofstudentsaroundtheworldarejoininginthemovementD.Youngpeopleshoulddomorethingsfortheearthsoastoinheritit23.WhichofthefollowingfactsgivesVillasenorasenseofachievement?A.ThatsheisworkingwiththeBiden-Harrisadministrationon1tsclimateplan.B.Thatherandotheryouthclimateactivists’opinionscaughtpeople’sattention.C.Thatshecansleepandreadinhersparetime.D.Thatmoreschoolshavesetupclimatecourses.24.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.The15-year-oldactivistfightingforbetterclimateeducation.B.Climateeducationdeserveseveryone’sattentionaroundtheworld.C.Ayounggirlandherclimateeducation.D.Youngactivistsmaketheirvoicesheard.7LouiseGluckhasbeennostrangertoawardsoverherlongandstoriedcareer,sinceherfirstpublicationin1968.In1993,shewonthePulitzerPrizeforhercollectionofpoems,TheWildIris.AndonOct8shebecamethe16thwomantowintheNobelPrizeinliteraturewiththeNobelprizesfirstawardedin1901.Gluckwashonored“forherunmistakablepoeticvoicethat,wit