中考英语初三英语语法练习-人教版

语法（一）[名词]基础知识梳理可数名词与不可数名词。可数名词分为单数和复数形式，单数名词可用a/an表示数量或类别。名词复数分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化：一般在名词词尾加-s如：cake－cakes以s,ch,sh,x等结尾的名词在词尾加-es.如：box－boxes以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词变y为i再加-es.如：city－cities以f或fe结尾的名词变f，fe为v再加-es.如：leaf－leaves以o结尾的名词，有些加-es如：potato－potatoes;有些加-s如：radio－radios不规则变化：只有复数形式，如：clothes单复数同形，如：sheep形式上的复数，实际上是单数，如：physics形式上的单数，实际上是复数，如：people特殊变化：man－men,woman－women,foot－feet,child－children,tooth－teeth不可数名词一般没有单数形式，在句中全部看作单数形式，也不能与a(an)或数词连用，表示数量得用“数词＋量数＋of＋名词”如：apieceofmusic。名词所有格有生命的东西的名词所有格构成：单数名词后加’s。如：theboy’sbike不以s结尾的复数名词在词后加’s。如：people’sson以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’。如：thetwins’mother为两个人或物共有的人或东西，只在后一个名词加’s。如：MaryandTom’steacher；如不是两人共有的，分别在两个名词后加’s如：Lily’sandLucy’sbeds；表示无生命的东西的名词所有格常用介词of＋名词。如：thedoorofthehouse中考考题解析例1．I’mafraidthatnoforyouinmycar,becausetherearealreadyfivepeople.A.landB.groudC.roomD.floor(2003年山西省中考题)解析：本题考查名词同义词辨析。题干中提到车子里没有地方，这里的地方应该是指空间，且不可数名词。正确答案是C。例2．Ted,takesometoschool.It’ssohotandyoumayfeelthirsty.A.breadB.bananasC.orangesD.juice解析：本题考查名词的意义，通过句意判断要买的是饮料，正确答案是D。例3．—Arethereanyonthefarm?－Yes,therearesome.A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep(2004年沈阳市中考题)解析：本题考查名词的复数，sheep单数复数同形，正确答案是D。例4．Thisisbedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.AnneandJaneB.Anne’sandJane’sC.Anne’sandJaneD.AnneandJane’s（2004年河北省中考题）解析：本题考查名词的所有格，bedroom是单数，题中用it代替它，说明此卧室为两个人共有，正确答案是D。专项练习自测1.Useyour,andyou’llfindagoodway.A.headB.mindC.heartD.eye2.Therearetwenty-eightdaysin.A.weekB.monthC.yearD.February3.Wecanseesomeinthepicture.A.shipB.sheepC.shopD.cup4.YesterdayafternoonIsawaintherestaurant.A.GermanyB.AmericanC.EnglishD.German5.Thehospitalisnotfarfromhere.It’sonlyfivewalk.A.minuteB.minutesC.minute’sD.minutes’6.MaryisanAmericangirl.IgottoknowherthroughanEnglishnewspaper.Weare.A.classmatesB.sistersC.writersD.penfriends7.NationalDayiscoming.Wewillhaveaholiday.A.sevendayB.sevenday’sC.seven-dayD.seven-days8.----Oh,thereisn’tenoughforusonthebus.----Itdoesn’tmatter.Let’swaitforthenext.A.roomB.placeC.groundD.floor9.----PleasegivemeawhenyouarriveinLondon,YangHua.----OK.I’lltellyoueverythingwhenIgetthere..A.newspaperB.ringC.TVsetD.ticket10.Thereislittleinthefridge,Let’sgoandbuysomecoke,juiceandtea.A.fruitB.drinkC.meatD.wine11.----Who’sthatwoman?----That’saunt.A.JimandKateB.Jim’sandKateC.JimandKate’sD.Jim’sandKate’s12.----Where’syourfather?----At.A.Mr.Chen’sB.TheMr.Chen’sC.ChensD.TheChens13.----Where’sthechurch?----It’sfromourschool.A.twohour’sdriveB.twohourdriveC.twohoursdriveD.twohours’drive14.----What’sonthetable?----There’salotofonit.A.orangesB.applesC.foodD.pears15.----Wouldyouhavesome?----Hereyouare.A.eggsandmilkB.eggandmilkC.eggsandmilksD.eggandmilks[代词]基础知识梳理1．人称代词的主格与宾格主格用做句子的主语。宾格放在动词或介词后面做句子的宾语或表语。如：Igivehimabook.人称代词it可用来表示距离,季节,时间,天气,温度等，也可用来表示不知性别、不明身份的人，有时也可指婴儿。如：It’s2kilometresfrommyhometothepark.2．形容词性与名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，只能作定语。名词性物主代词可作主语,表语或宾语,不能作定语，其后不可接名词。名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词如：－Isthathisruler?－Yes.It’shis.3．反身代词反身代词在句中可以作宾语，表语或同位语。常见的搭配有byoneself,enjoyoneself,helponeself,teachoneself等。4．指示代词指示代词有this,that,these,those等。打电话时常用that问对方是“谁”，用this介绍自己。5．疑问代词疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which，一般放在句首，构成特殊疑问句。6．不定代词不定代词主要有：some,any,no,both,all,each,every,other(s),another,neither,many,much,few,afew,little,alittle等。some,anysome一般用于肯定句，any用于疑问句,否定句及条件句中。但some还可用在表示请求、邀请、建议等疑问句或说话人希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中。many,much,few,afew,little,alittle,many,much主要用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中多用alotof等。many修饰可数名词的复数，反义词是few。much修饰不可数名词，反义词是little。few,afew用来修饰或指代可数名词，little,alittle用来修饰或指代不可数名词。few,little表示否定，afew,alittle表示肯定。theother,anothertheother指两个中另一个，another指三个或三个以上的“又一”“再一”。both,neither,either,all,noneboth“两者都”，谓语动词用复数形式。neither“两者都不”，谓语动词用单数形式。either“两者任何一个”，谓语动词用单数形式，作定语时只能修饰单数名词。all“全部”，表肯定。none“全部不”，表示全体否定。each,everyeach指两者或两者以上，侧重个别情况。every指三者或三者以上，侧重全体而不在个别。中考考题解析－Thismachineisveryeasytouse.－canlearntouseitinaveryshorttime.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.NobodyD.Fewpeople(2003年南昌市中考题)解析：本题考查不定代词的词义的用法。根据语境我们得知机器很容易使用，所以“任何人”在短期内都可以学会。正确答案是B。－Isthisyoursweaterjoy?－No,it’snotsweater.isyellow.A.my,MyB.my,MineC.mine,MineD.mine,My(2004年哈尔滨市中考题)解析：本题考查物主代词的用法。形容词性物主代词后要接名词，名词性的物主代词不能接名词。正确答案是B。－Doyouknowthewomaninthereddress?－Certainly.She’sMrsXu.Sheteacheschemistry.A.ourB.usC.weD.ours(2004吉林省中考题)解析：本题考查人称代词的用法。放在动词之后，应用人称代词宾格。正确答案为B。例4．—JoanandRickyaretoobusytohelpus.Let’sdoit.herselfB.himselfC.themselvesD.ourselves(2004年山西省中考题)解析：本题考查反身代词的用法。题干的意思是“JohnandRicky太忙了，帮不了我们，只有我们自己去做”。正确答案是D。专项练习自测1.MrWanghasthreedaughters.ofthemarecollegestudents.A.EachB.EveryC.BothD.All2.IwanttoborrowsomemoneyfromKate,butshehasn’t.A.someB.anyC.moneyD.one3.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youmayfallbehindstudents.A.theotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers4.Weworkedoutthemathsproblems,didn’t?A.ourselves;usB.ourselves;weC.ourselves;ourD.ourselves;ours5.Yourhandwritingisbetterthan.A.IB.meC.mineD.my6.I’moldenoughtowashclothesbymyself.Youcanjustwash.A.my;yourB.your;myC.my;yoursD.mine;yours7.Twolanguagesarethemostwidelyused.OneisChinese,isEnglish.A.anotheroneB.anotherC.theotherD.theothers8.Wewanttogotoseetheanimals.Butofusknowshowtogettothezoo.A.AllB.NoneC.NooneD.Nobody9.Wecouldn’teatintherestaurantbecauseofushadmoney.A.any;noB.all;noC.none;anyD.noone;any10.----Isreadyfortheparty?----Notyet.Westillneedtobuysomefruitanddrink.A.nothingB.somethingC.everythingD.anything11.Thatriverisverydangerous.Sopeopleswimthere.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little12.Thosecoatsinthisshoparemoreexpensivethan.A.thoseinthatshopB.thosecoatsC.intheshopD.anyotherstudents13.WuFengistallerthaninhisclass.A.anyB.anyotherC.anyotherstudentD.anyotherstudents14.Sorry,Ican’tansweryourquestions,becauseIknowaboutthesubject.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle15.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachpersontohave.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one16.----Nicetoseeyou,MrsLiu.----.A.Me,too.B,Thesametoyou.C.Thankyou.D.I,too.17.Ifoundimpossiblefortosolvetheproblem.A.it;heB.it;himC.that;himD.that;he18.----Hello,whoisspeaking?----isJoyspeaking.A.this;ThatB.it;itC.that;ThisD.that;She19.----Isthatmanyourteacher?----Yes,teachesmathsthisterm.A.He;usB.He;ourC.She;usD.She;our20.Idon’tlikeoftheskirts.Pleaseshowmeathirdone.A.anyB.oneC.eitherD.both[数词]基础知识梳理基数词表示数目的多少用英语表达数字时，十位与个位之间有连字符，百位与千位之间有and。表示概数时用固定短语，如：hundredsof,thousandsof,millionsof序数词表示数目的顺序序数词前常加the，与不定冠词a连用表示“又一，再一”。分数的表达方式分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加s，如2/3twothirds.中考考题解析例1．Thisbridgeisaboutlong.A.fivehundredmetreB.fivehundredsmetresC.fivehundredmetresD.fivehundredsmetre(2004年西宁市中考题)解析：本题考查数词的基本用法。当hundred前有具体数词修饰时不能用复数，因此，排除B和D。另外metre是可数名词，故正确答案是C。例2．----What’sonefourthandahalf,doyouknow?----Yes,it’s.A.twosixthsB.threefourthsC.onethreeD.threesixths（2004年杭州市中考题）解析：本题考查分数的表达，根据句意1/4+1/2=3/4，正确答案是B。例3．Therearepeopleinmyfamily.Weliveonthefloorinabuilding.A.five;sixB.fifth;sixthCfifth;sixD.five;sixth（2004年长沙市中考题）解析：本题考查基数词与序数词的区别。家里有5个人用基数词，住在第六层用序数词。正确答案是D。专项练习自测1.Decemberismonthoftheyear.A.twelveB.twelfthC.thetwelveD.thetwelfth2.foreignerscometoChinaeveryyear.A.ThousandsB.ThreethousandsC.ThousandsofD.Thousandof3.Wednesdayisthedayoftheweek.A.thirdB.fourthC.fifthD.sixth4.MrLiwillbebackin.A.oneortwodaysB.onedayortwoC.aortwodaysD.adayortwo5.ThereareusuallydaysinFebruary.A.27B.28C.30D.316.----What’stheEnglishfor“6:05”?----It’s.A.sixtofiveB.sixpastfiveC.fivetosixD.sixfive7.Eightbilliononehundredandthirty-twothousandandeight-sevenis.A.8,000,132,000B.8,132,000,000C.8,000,132,087D.8,000,132,1878.TheOlympicGamesareheldonce.A.everyfouryearsB.everyfouryearC.every-four-yearD.eachfourthyear9.----holidayiscoming.Whatareyougoingtodo?----I’venoidea.A.SevendaysB.Seven-days’C.Seven-dayD.Seven-days10.Thedate“July21st,2004”reads.Julytwenty-one,twothousandandfourJulytwenty-first,twothousandandfourJulythetwenty-first,twothousandandfourJulythetwenty-one,twozerozerofour[介词]基础知识梳理介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，常与动词构成短语动词与名词构成介词短语。下面归纳几种常用的介词：in,at,on,toin,at,on可以表示时间，in表示一段时间。at多用于钟点时刻前。on主要在星期几，具体某一天或某一天的早、午、晚或节日前。in,at,on还可以表示地点。in表示国家城市等大地方，at表示某一点或用于小地点前。in表示“在…里面”，on表示“在…上”。in,to,on可表示方位，in表示在某一地区之间的方位（属于该范围），on表示与某一地区的比邻关系，to表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）。between,amongbetween常指“在…（两者）之间”，among“在…（三者或三者以上的人或物之间）。above,over,on,below,underabove和over都表示“在…上方”。above指在上方的任意一点，表示在某物上的高低位置，不接触，反义词为below。over一般指垂直方向，反义词under。on“在…上面”且互相接触。by,in,within用来表示“用语言，声音等”，也可表示“用工具，材料等”。by后一般跟动名词或抽象化的可数名词（其前不用冠词）“用…手段或方式”。with表示借助于某一具体的工具，材料或人体器官。in,afterin,after都可用来表示“在…以后”。in表示从现在算到若干时间以后，in只可接时间段，in+一段时间，常用于将来时。after表从过去算起到若干时间以后，后可接时间段或时间点，after+时间点也可用于将来时。across,through,pastacross表示“从…表面穿过”或沿某一条线的方向而进行的动作，表示游渡乘船过海时用across。through表示“从…中间穿过”。past表示“从旁边经过”。初中常见有介词固定搭配的词组：agreewith,atfirst,atnight,atonce,attheageof,atthebeginning/end/headof,atthemoment,attimes,atthesametime,befamousfor,befullof,begoodat,beinterestedin,bemadeof/in,bepleasedwith,beproudof,beusedfor,byplane/sea,bytheway,catchupwith,comein/on,comeover,comeout,comeupwith,dowellin,dropoff,fallbehind,falloff,findout,firstofall,forexample,from…to,getonwellwith,geton,giveup,hardin,hearof,helpyourselfto,help…with,holdon,hourafterhour,inahurry,inEnglish,infact,infront,infrontof,intheair,intheend,inthefuture,inthisway,intime,insteadof,kindsof,lateron,laughat,learn…from,leave…behind,listento,liveon,lookafter,lookat,lookfor,looklike,lookout,lookup,makeroomfor,multiply…by，nextto,not…atall,ondisplay,onearth，onfoot,noone’swayto,noshow,ontheleft/right,ontheotherhand,ontime,onwatch,outof,payfor,playajokeon,pointat,pointto,puton,putup,putoff,regard…as,ringup,runout,saygoodbyeto,speakhighlyof,standinline,stepinto,stop…from,takecareof,talkabout,talkwith,thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,toone’ssurprise,tryon,tryout,turndown/off/on,upanddown,waitfor,wakeup,whatabout,workout中考考题解析例1．Don’ttellanybodyaboutit,keepityouandme.A.withB.inC.betweenD.among（2004年山西省中考题）解析：本题考查介词的用法。between指两者之间，among指三者或三者以上的人或物之间，正确答案是C。例2．Mygrandfatheroftenreadsnewspapersbreakfast.A.onB.inC.atD.of(2004年昆明市中考题)解析：本题考查介词on,in,at在表达时间时的区别。在表示时间的一点、一时刻时通常用介词at；in指某个较长的时间内；在具体时日和一个特定的时间前用on，因此正确答案是C。例3．XinjiangisoneofthelargestprovincesinChina.It’sthenorthwestofChina.A.atB.inC.toD.from解析：本题考查介词in,to表示方位的区别。in表示某一地区的范围内，to表示某一地区之外，在范围外，正确答案是B。例4．TheengineerwillreturnfromMacaoafewdays.A.sinceB.inC.onD.after(2003年昆明市中考题)解析：本题考查in,after表示时间的区别。in后跟一段时间，用于将来时；after后跟一个时间点。正确答案时B。专项练习自测1.Hisfatherwaslatethemeetingyesterday.A.atB.forC.toD.in2.thehelpofTVwecanknowmoreaboutmanyothercountries.A.UnderB.OnC.WithD.About3.Theteachercameintotheclassroomabookinherhand.A.forB.hadC.ofD.with4.Thesebeautifulflowersaremadesilk.A.aboutB.byC.ofD.with5.ThemenredsportsshirtsaretheplayersofGuo’anTeam.A.atB.inC.fromD.with6.Helikesthebookalot.Hespendtwenty-eightyuanit.A.onB.inC.byD.at7.HanMeiisbetterthanmedancing.A.atB.inC.ofD.for8.Ioftenhavesomevegetableslunchatschool.A.inB.forC.ofD.to9.Whicheventswashethissportsmeeting?A.atB.ofC.onD.in10.That’sverykindyou.Iknowit’sverydifficultyou.A.for;forB.of;ofC.for;ofD.of;for11.Theparkisverybeautiful,withflowersgrowingtheriverbank.A.acrossB.alongC.roundD.through12.Thankyouyourhelp.Ifinishedtheworkintime.A.forB.toC.ofD.with13.WearriveNanjinglatenight.AndsoonIfoundahotel.A.in;inB.at;atC.at;inD.in;at14.Theydidn’tcomeherebusiness,butaholiday.A.for;onB.on;atC.on;forD.for;for15.ayoungman,youshouldbealwaysreadyhelpothers.A.As;toB.Like;toC.As;forD.Like;for[连词]基础知识梳理连词可以连接词与词、短语与短语及句子与句子。连词分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。初中学过的并列连词有：and,but,notonly…butalso，so,or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and,whether…or,either…or初中学过的从属连词有：when,while,as,after,before,since,until/till,assoonas,because,if,unless,eventhough,though/although,asif,than,as…as,sothat,so…that,such…that,whether中考考题解析----Shallwegoonworking?----Yes,Iprefertohavearest.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though(2004年江西省中考题)解析：本题考查从属连词的辩义。从上下文语境中看出，“虽然想休息，但是还得继续工作”。因此正确答案是D。例2．----IreallywanttoknowSunYaois.----Itissaidthatheismuchbetterthesedays.A.whatB.howC.whereD.who(2004年安徽省中考题)解析：本题考查从属连词的辩义。从答句告诉我们“据说这些天他身体好多了。”我们便可得知从句的连词是关于询问身体状况的。因此正确答案是B。例3．—Ilikeridingfast.It’sveryexciting.－Oh,youmustn’tdoitlikethat,itmayhaveanaccident.A.andB.orC.soD.but(2004年吉林省中考题)解析：本题考查并列连词的用法。and表示顺序，or表示否定假设，so表示结果，but表示转折，根据句意，正确答案应为B。意思是“…否则会出事故的。”例4．Ienjoythepopulardance“hip-hop”,butmyfathermymotherlikesit.A.both…andB.notonly…butalsoC.either…orD.neither…nor(2004年上海市中考题)解析：本题考查连词，both…and表示“两者都”，谓语动词用复数；notonly…butalso“不但…而且”与题干中的but不能出现在同一句中意思不符；either…or与题干中的but意思也不相符，该句的意思是“我喜欢…，但我的父母不喜欢。”因此正确答案为D。三．专项练习自测1.----JimTomworkshardenough.----Ithinkso.I’msuretheywon’tpasstheexamination.A.Either;orB.Notonly;butalsoC.Not;butD.Neither;nor2.He’sgoingtoAmericanextweek,he’sthere,he’llvisithisfriendsinNewYork.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.because3.Jimlikesrockmusic,hisfriendTomenjoyslightmusic.A.whileB.butC.forD.and4.Pleasetakeawaythebigstoneontheroad,theremaybeanaccident.A.andB.orC.soD.then5.Heisveryrichheisnothappy.A.andB.soC.butD.for6.Heputonhiscoatwentout.A.butB.andC.orD.so7.----Youdon’tworryaboutyourlifework.Wewillhelpyou.----Thankyou.A.andB.butC.norD.or8.Everybodyishere,Timisaway.A.andB.orC.butD.so9.MrsWhiteknowslittleEnglish,hecan’tunderstandtheinstructionsofthemachine.A.soB.orC.butD.for10.Couldyoutellmewe’llhaveasportsmeetingnextweek?A.whenB.whatC.thatD.where11.Idon’tknowhecomehereornottomorrow.A.whyB.thatC.whatD.whether12.Anndidn’tgotoseethefilmyesterdayshewasill.A.becauseB.butC.ifD.until13.Couldyoutellmetheyarelookingfor?A.whereB.whenC.whyD.who14.----DoyouknowhehasstayedinHainan?----Abouttwomonths.A.howsoonB.howlongC.howoftenD.howold15.Idon’tunderstandmyEnglishteachersaidjustnow.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which[冠词]基础知识梳理冠词有两种：定冠词the和不定冠词a,an不定冠词a,an。a用于辅音音素前，an用于元音音素前。不定冠词的用法：用在单位可数名词前，表示一类人或物，指一类中的任何一个。表示数量“一个”，但数的概念没有one强。指某类人或事物中的任何一个。用在某些固定词组中。如：apairof,halfanhour,haveacold,haveagoodtime等。定冠词the定冠词的用法特指某人或某物，谈话双方都知道的或上文提到过的人或物。世界上独一无二的事物前。特指上文提到过的人或事物。用在序数词和形容级最高级前。用于某些专有名词前。用在一些词组用语中。如：inthemorning/afternoon/evening,allthetimeintheend,inthemiddleof,ontheright/left不用冠词的情况表示材料、三餐饭、球类运动的名词前在星期、月份、季节、节日前复数名词表示一类人或事物时名词前已有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰时在不可数名词前在某些固定词组中，如：bybus/plane,athome,gettoschool,introuble,inbed,atonce,onfoot等。二．中考考题解析例1．ThisissongI’vetoldyouabout.Isn’tit_____beautifulone?A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the(2004年江西省中考题)解析：本题考查冠词的用法。题干中第一句提到的song是特指的“我告诉过你的”。故用定冠词the；第二句用在可数名词单数前，表示“一”，用不定冠词a。正确答案是C。例2．Whatfineweatherwehasthesedays！A.aB.theC./D.an(2004年天津市中考题)解析：本题考查不用冠词的情况。weather为不可数名词，不可数名词前不用冠词。正确答案为C。例3．MrSmithalwaysgivesmehandwhenIamintrouble.A.aB.anC.theD.不填(2004年杭州市中考题)本题考查固定短语中的冠词。giveahand是个固定短语。正确答案是A。专项练习自测1.Jillisuniversitystudent.Helikesplayingfootball.A.a;theB.an;theC.a;/D.an;/2.earthmovesaroundsun.A.The;theB.The;aC.A;theD./;/3.----Wouldyoulikebottleorange?----No.I’dlikeorange.A.a;of;aB.an;of;aC.a;of;anD.a;/;an4.Mid-autumnFestivaliscoming.A.TheB.AC.AnD./5.horseisusefulanimal.A.An;aB.A;anC.A;aD.An;An6.BrownsgottoBeijingyesterdayevening.TheyaregoingtoseeGreatWalltomorrowmorning.A./;theB.The;/C./;/D.The;the7.Todaywe’lltalkaboutuseofEnglish-Chinesedictionaries.A.the;/B.a;anC.the;anD.an;the8.----Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?----Itiseight-kilometerswalk.A.the;anB./；anC.the;aD./；a9.Linglingisalwaysfirsttogettoschool.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/10.Moreandmorepeoplewouldliketoworkinwestofourcountrynextyear.A.a;theB.the;/C.the;theD./;a[形容词副词]一．基础知识梳理形容词用来修饰名词，表示名词的属性，特征或性质，在句中作宾语，表语，宾补。副词在句中主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词。形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的形式变化。单音节和少数双音节词，一般在词尾加-er或-est。以字母e 结尾的加－r或st。以重读闭音节结尾的词，词尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这一辅音字母，再加-er或-est。以辅音字母＋y结尾的词先改y为i再加-er或-est。部分双音节和多音节前面加more或most，少数以er，ow结尾的双音节词，可接-er,-est。不规则变化,good/well-better-bestbad/ill/badly-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-farther-farthestold-older/elder-oldest/eldest形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法。very,quite,so,too等词后面用原级，as＋原级＋as，notas(so)＋原级＋as。两者作比较用比较级，much,alittle,alot,still,even用来修饰比较级，“比较级＋比较级”或“moreandmore＋比较级”表示越来越。在进行比较时，比较的对象必须是同类事物。“The＋比较级…，the＋比较级…”表示“越…越…”。三者或三者以上作比较用最高级，最高级前加the（副词最高级前可省去the）。中考考题解析例1．---MrZhou,ofallthestudentsinourgroup,wholives?---IthinkLiLeidoes.A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.thefarther(2004年吉林省中考题)解析：本题考查副词比较等级的用法。of短语表示比较的范围应用最高级，正确答案是C。例2．Oct.15thwasoneofdaysin2003.Shenzhou-Vwassentupsuccessfully.A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.themostexcitingD.muchexciting(2004年济南市中考题)解析：本题考查形容词最高级的用法。oneof之后用形容词的最高级，正确答案是C。例3．NowmoreandmoreChinesepeopleareenoughtobuycars.A.happyB.poorC.weakD.rich(2004年陕西省中考题)本题在语境中考查形容词的辩义。根据句意“越来越多的人很富有能买得起车”，因此正确答案为D。例4．Idon’tlikewesternfood.A.clearlyB.reallyC.widelyD.mostly（2004年南宁市中考题）解析：本题考查副词的用法，根据句意强调不喜欢的程度，正确答案为B。专项练习自测1.----Howmuchcanyouaffordtobuythedigitalcamera?----Thethebetter,I’mshortofmoneyyousee.A.lessB.cheaperC.moreexpensiveD.fewer2.Volleyballisakindofsport,youcan’tplayitbyyourself.That’swhyourteamisthewinner.A.teamB.popularC.funnyD.exciting3.Sheis.Passherapieceofdeliciouscake,please.A.tiredB.angryC.happyD.hungry4.----Mum,IthinkI’mtogobacktoschool.----Notreally.You’dbetterstayinbedforoneortwomoredays.A.sogoodB.veryfineC.toohealthyD.wellenough5.Allofthesesubjects,Ilikemaths.A.wellB.moreC.betterD.best6.Wouldyoupleasereadit?Istillcan’tfollowyou.A.loudlyB.moreloudlyC.slowlyD.moreslowly7.----HasJohngonetoLondon?----No.HeisinParis.A.yetB.stillC.notD.already8.Weliketheplaceverymuchandwedidn’twanttoleavewhentimeisup.A.evenB.everC.onlyD.still9.TomakeourspokenEnglishbetter,andweshouldspeakasaspossible.A.moreB.manyC.muchD.soon10.Jackisagoodstudent,andhelearnsChinese.A.goodB.wellC.fineD.nice11.Doyougetupyourparents?A.asearlyasB.earlierC.muchearlyD.earliest12.Mygrandmalivesinaplace.Shelivestostayinaplace.A.quiet;quiteB.quietly;quietlyC.quite;quietlyD.quiet;quietly13.----Doyoulikephysics?----Yes.ButIthinkit’ssubjectatschool.A.verydifficultB.veryeasyC.themostdifficultD.theeasiest14.XinjianghasrainthanFujiandoes.A.muchlessB.littleC.morelessD.few15.Lindaistheinherfamily,allhersistersaremuchyounger.A.youngestB.oldestC.largestD.least16.Thisstoryisveryandtheboysareallinit.A.interested;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interested;interestD.interesting;interested17.Thisroomissosmallthatitcanholdfiftystudents.A.almostB.hardlyC.reallyD.nearly18.Ofallthestudents,Ispentthetimebutmadethemistakesintheexam.A.least,fewestB.least;leastC