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广东省广州市2018年中考英语试卷一、语法选择1.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。XianXinghaiwasaveryfamousmusicianinChina.Hewroteoneofthegreatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlifehewrote(1)300songsandanopera.XianwasborninPanyu,Guangdong,Chinain1905.Becausehisfatherdiedbeforehewasborn,Xianmovedfromplacetoplacewith(2)mother.Hebeganlearningtoplay(3)violinwhenhewas20yearsold.Inthebeginning,hisviolinwas(4)cheapandbadlymadethathe(5)notplayitwell.Hisfriendslaughedathim.Xiandidnotstop(6)andsoonshowedhistalent.In1934,hewasoneofthefirstChinesestudents(7)studiedinaspecialmusicschoolinParis.Beforehe(8),Xianbecametheschool'sbeststudent(9)wonseveralprizesforhistalents.In1935,hereturnedtoChinaandhelpedfightagainsttheJapanesearmy.Later,hecametoYan'an(10)musicatacollege.(11)therewerenopianosinYan'anatthattimeXianstillwrote(12)ofhismostimportantmusicthere,includingTheYellowRiver,hismostfamouswork.InMay1940,Xian(13)totheSovietUnionbytheChineseCommunistPartytowritemusicformovies.IntheSovietUnion,lifewasvery(14).Xiangotsickandlaterdiedofalungillness(15)October30,1945,agedonly40.Xian'smusic,however,livesoninthepeople'shearts.(1)A.near B.nearly C.nearby D.nearer(2)A.he B.him C.his D.he's(3)A.a B.an C.the D.this(4)A.so B.such C.very D.much(5)A.need B.may C.should D.could(6)A.practice B.practicing C.topractice D.practised(7)A.what B.which C.whom D.who(8)A.leave B.leaves C.left D.wasleaving(9)A.and B.but C.as D.or(10)A.teach B.taught C.teaching D.toteach(11)A.If B.Although C.When D.Because(12)A.any B.little C.few D.some(13)A.sent B.wassent C.hassent D.wassending(14)A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.thehardest(15)A.at B.in C.on D.by二、完形填空2.阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

Beforegraduatingcollege,Jackiebegantolookforajob.Sheaimedatafamouscompany,butthe(1)forsuchjobswasverystrong.ThecompanyJackiechoseplannedtoemployonlyoneperson,butmorethantwentypeopleappliedforthejob.(2),Jackiewasoneofthethreepeopleinvitedforthefinalinterview.Theinterviewwasvery(3).Theintervieweraskedjustafewquestionsanditwasalloverinlessthan10minutes.Thentheinterviewersaidtothem,"Allofyouareverygood.Pleasegohomeand(4)ourresponse.”Threedayslater,Jackiereceivedamessagesayingshewouldnotbe(5)thejob.Shefeltdeeplydisappointed.Thatevening.Howevershereceivedanother(6).Thistimeitsaidthatshegotthejob.Jackielaterfoundoutthatthefirstmessagesenttoherphonewaspartoftheinterview—a(7)toseeifshewassuitableforthejob.Allthethreepeoplereceivedthe(8)text,butonlyJackie'sreply(9)thecompanyofthethree,onedidnotreply.Theothersaid“goodbye”andJackiesaid“thankyou”.ThisreplyshowedthatJackiewasa/an(10)person,sothecompanyofferedherthejob.(1)A.exam B.work C.competition D.plan(2)A.Thankfully B.Unluckily C.Hopefully D.Immediately(3)A.long B.strict C.interesting D.simple(4)A.pickup B.waitfor C.dealwith D.thinkof(5)A.offered B.returned C.refused D.shown(6)A.letter B.e-mail C.call D.message(7)A.guide B.conversation C.test D.lesson(8)A.same B.other C.second D.whole(9)A.reached B.satisfied C.helped D.surprised(10)A.brave B.clever C.polite D.honest三、阅读理解3.阅读下列短文,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Forhiseleventhbirthday,Linwasgivenagiftthatwouldshapehislife.OnthatdayhisfathertookhimtotheChildren'sActivityCentreandsaidhecouldchooseanycoursethatinterestedhim.Therewasjustonerequirement:Linwouldhavetopromisetostudyitforatleastoneyear.TothatpointLinhadhadmanyhobbies,butnonekepthisinterestformorethanaweekortwo.Hismumoncegavehimabagofstampstoencouragestampcollecting.Thathobbylastedaweek.ThenhisfathergothimsomepaintshopingthatLin'sartisticsidewouldshinethrough.Thosepaintswerenowunderhisbed,stillunopened.ThistimeLin'sparentswouldlethimdecide.Lin'seyesmoveddownthenoticeboardthatlistedallthecoursesonoffer.Hestoppedat"Photography".Helikedtheideaoftakingbeautifulpicturesbutthenoticesaidthateachstudentneededtheirowncamera.AlthoughLin'sfamilyweren'tpoor,theyweren'tricheither,andacameracostalotofmoney.Hecontinuedlooking.Thenextcoursetocatchhiseyewas"LanguageArt".Hedidn'tevenknowwhatthatmeant.Hisfatherexplainedthatittaughtpeoplehowtomakepublicspeeches.Lin,ashyboy,couldthinkofnothingworse.Thenhesawit."Cooking"soundedlikesomethinghe'dliketodo.Itwasinexpensiveandconvenient,itcouldbedonealoneanditwasalsocreative.BasedonLin'shobbyhistory,hisdadhaddoubts,butheagreed.Muchtohisparents'surprise,Linkepthispromise.HestudiedcookingattheCentreeverySaturday,andpractisedathome,makingdeliciousmealsforhisfamily.Everyonelookedforwardtobirthdays,whentheycouldeathiscakes.Lingotgreatsatisfactionfromthepleasurehisfoodbroughttoothers.Themonthsturnedtoyearsbuthishobbyneverchangedagain.NowLinisanadultandrunsasuccessfulrestaurant.Whencustomerssaytheyenjoyhismeal,hestillgetsthesamepleasurehedidasachild,andremembersthespecialgifthereceivedallthoseyearsago.(1)Whydidn'tLinchoosetostudyphotography?A.Itwastooexpensive. B.Hehadnointerestinit.C.Hewasnotverycreative. D.Itwasnotofferedthatterm.(2)Theunderlinedexpression"catchhiseye"inParagraph4means“”.A.makehimexcited B.causehimsurpriseC.gethisattention D.helphimseeclearly(3)WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLin'sinterestincooking?A.Itonlylastedforashorttime. B.Itseemedtomatchhischaracter.C.Itwasforcedonhimbyhisparents. D.Itdevelopedslowlyovermanymonths.(4)WhydidthefatherhavedoubtsaboutLin'schoiceofcooking?A.Linwasn'tgoodatcooking. B.Cookingwasn'tveryconvenient.C.Hedidn'tthinkLinwouldcontinue. D.Cookingwasn'tagoodhobbyforaboy.(5)What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AStrictFather B.AChangeableBoyC.TheFunofCooking D.TheBirthdayGift4.阅读下列短文,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

Expertsbelievethattherearemorethan8millionrestaurantsintheworldtoday.Soitmightsurpriseyoutolearnthatrestaurants,asweknowthem,haveonlyexistedforafewcenturies.Before1765,therewerenorestaurants.Thatis,therewerenoplacesthatprovidedtherestaurantexperience.Therewasnowhereinwhichawaiterbroughtyoufoodanddrinkthatyoupickedfromamenu.Infact,therewerenomenusanywhere.Therewereeatingplacestravellerscouldgotocenturiesbeforethat.Thecountrysidewasfullofinnsthatwouldservefood.Andthereweretavernswhereonecouldgetdrinks.Therichcouldalsoeatspecialmealspreparedbyprivatecooks.Butnoneofthemcouldbecalleda“restaurant”.AmancalledBoulangerchangedthat.In1765,heopenedaplaceinParisthatsoldsoups(汤).Onhissignheusedtheword"restaurant"todescribewhathewasselling.Atthattime,soupswereconsideredsomethingthatcouldhelp"restore"(恢复)yourhealth-inFrenchtheword"restore"is“restaurer”—sohecalledthesoups"restaurants".Soon,peoplestartedbuyingBoulanger'ssoupsevenwhentheywerenotill.Andovertime,peoplebegantousetheword"restaurant"torefertoaplacesellingsoupratherthanthesoupitself.More"restaurants"openedinFrance,andpeoplebegantobuysoupsmoreoften.Later,restaurantsinParisbegantoserveotherfoodbesidessoup.Inthe1790s,menusstartedtoappear.Bythemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurantsthroughouttheworld.TheUnitedStatesofferedcoffeeshops.TeahousesbecamepopularthroughoutChina.Pariscreatedbeautifulrestaurantsfortherich.TheBritishbegantocopytheFrench,andtherestaurantideaspreadthroughouttheBritishEmpire.Todaycitiesarefilledwithalltypesofrestaurants.Dinershavemillionsofoptionsfromwhichtochoose.(1)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howrestaurantsdeveloped B.Whatmadeagoodrestaurant.C.Whocreatedthefirstrestaurant D.Whyrestaurantsbecamepopular.(2)Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaderestaurantsdifferentfromearliereatingplaces?A.Restaurantsonlyservedfood B.RestaurantsweremoreexpensiveC.Restaurantsweremainlyincities D.Restaurantshadalistofmealchoices(3)WhodidBoulangerexpecttocomeandeatathisrestaurant?A.Richpeople B.Sickpeople. C.Travellers. D.Workers.(4)Whenitwasfirstused,whatdidtheword"restaurant"referto?A.Aperson. B.Aplace. C.Illness. D.Soup.(5)Whendidrestaurantsbegintogrowinternationally?A.Inthe1600s. B.Inthe1700s.C.Inthe1800s. D.Inthe1900s.5.阅读下列短文,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemonplanetEarth.Whatmanypeopledon'tknowisthatjunk(垃圾)hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.Andthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望远镜).Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan'tsee.Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeedsfastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.Forexample,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth'satmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.Manyscientistsalsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEnglandscientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.Thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheearth'satmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecausewe'resendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,”saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspaceResearcher.“Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,”hesays.(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?A.Telescopes. B.Satellites.C.Piecesofspacejunk. D.BBCnewsreports.(2)Whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?A.Itburnsupafteritre-enterstheatmosphereB.ItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonEarthC.ItcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeedsD.Itmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeat(3)Countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearth'satmospheresothat.A.thetoolscanbereusedlater B.thetoolsdon'tbecomespacejunkC.theearth'satmospherecanstayclean D.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudied(4)HowdotheGermansplantodealwithspacejunk?A.Catchitwithnets. B.Userobotstocollectit.C.Burnitintheearth'satmosphere. D.Senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.(5)Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?A.Environment. B.LocalNews. C.Education. D.Fashion.6.阅读下列短文,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。ScienceforKidsThismonth'smostpopularbooks⒈WomeninSciencebyRachelIgnotofskyPrice$25WeallknowthestoryofMarieCurieandhermanyscientificachievements.Butmanyotherbrilliantfemalescientistsarefarlesswellknown.Thisbookisagreatintroductiontothelivesandworksofsomeofthemostimportantandup-to-nowunknownwomeninscience.RecommendedforAges:12-15SpecialOfferForthismonthonly,allBestbooksBookClubmemberswillpay20%lessforeverybookordered.Joinourclubforfreeandsavebigmoney!

DeliveryWebringeverybookyouordernighttoourdoorwithinthreedays.ForBestbooksBookClubmembersthisisfree.Non-membersmustpayanextra$2perbook.⒉FirstBigbookofHowbyJillEsbaumPrice$15Anexcellentbookaboutsealifeforyoungchildren.Thebookisdividedinto4parts,oneforeachofthePacific,Atlantic,IndianandArcticoceans.Itfocusesonthedifferentanimalsfoundineachoftheseseas,alongwithinterestingfactsandamazingpictures.Ages:5-10⒊AReallyShortHistoryofNearlyEverythingbyBillBrysonPrice$15BillBrysontakesreadersonaveryfunnyandeducationaltripthroughthehistoryofmodernscience-fromitsunexpectedsuccessestoitsgreatfailuresandeverythinginbetween.Ages:14andover⒋NationalGeographic'sFirstBigBookoftheWorldbyJanCarn.Price$20Thisbookistheperfectintroductiontothesevencontinents.Ittellsyoungreadersaboutthedifferentanimalsthatliveoneachoftheselandsandgivesasimpledescriptionofthepeople'shistoryandculture.Ages:5-12(1)Howarethebooksonthiswebpagelisted?A.Byprice. B.Bypopularity.C.Byreader'sage. D.Bywriter'sname.(2)WhatistrueaboutthebookWomeninScience?A.ItismainlyaboutMarieCurie'shistory. B.Itlistsalltheimportantscientificachievements.C.Itincludeswomenscientiststhataren'tfamous. D.Itismostlyaboutthedevelopmentofmodemscience.(3)HowmuchwillaBestbooksBookClubmemberpayintotalifheordersFirstBigBookofHowandAReallyShortHistoryofNearlyEverythingtoday?A.$34. B.$30. C.$26. D.$24.(4)AprimaryschoolstudentwhoneedstowriteasciencereportaboutAfricanelephantsshouldchoose.A.Womeninscience B.FirstBigBookofHowC.AReallyShortHistoryofNearlyEverything D.NationalGeographic'sFirstBigBookoftheWorld(5)Whatisthemainpurposeofthiswebpage?A.Tosellbookstoyoungreaders. B.Toattractnewbookclubmembers.C.Toencouragestudents'interestinscience. D.Toreviewbooksyoungreadersmightlike.四、阅读填空7.阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。MostofusthinkthetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderGrahamBell.Infact,anItaliannamedAntonioMeucciwasofficiallyrecognised(认定)astheinventorafewyearsago.WhoisMeucciandwhywasn'theknownforhisinventionatthetime?AntonioMeucciwasborninItalyin1808.Hestudiedengineeringanddrawing.Duringhisstudies,Meuccistartedtoexperimentwithelectricity.Whentwoplaceswereconnectedwithwire,peopleinthoseplacescouldheareachothertalk.In1850,Meucciandhiswife.Ester,movedtoNewYork.Meucciwasworriedabouthiswife,becauseshehadbecomeveryill.Tosolvethisproblem,heconnectedmetalcablesbetweenhishomeandhisworkshop.Thisway,theycouldtalktoeachotherconveniently.Meucciinvitedagroupofpeopletoseehisnewinvention.Theylistenedinamazementasthevoiceofasingerwasheardthroughthewires.Evenworse,Meuccineverappliedforapatent(专利)onhisinvention.Meanwhile,AlexanderGrahamBellwasworkingonthesameideaandin1876thepatentforthetelephonewasgiventohim.In2002,morethanacenturyafterMeucci'sdeath,hisworkwasfinallyrecognisedbythegovernment.A.Hediscoveredthatsoundcouldtravelthroughmetalcables.B.However,hewasn'tthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.C.Unfortunately,onlyafewpeopleattendedthistalk.D.Hewillnowbeknownallovertheworldasthetelephone'sinventor.E.Heneededtokeepintouchwithheratalltimes.五、单词拼写8.根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时,要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)(1)Pleaseopenthewandletsomefreshairin.(2)Thekindboywashappytoshisfoodwiththehungryman.(3)Tokeephealthy,youshoulddosportsandhaveabalancedd.(4)Ncrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.(5)Byreading30minutesaday,youcanlearnmorewordsandiyourwriting.(6)Thestudentsareveryh.Theycleanhousesfortheoldpeopleeveryweekend.六、完成句子9.根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)(1)你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗?everalongtheSilkRoad?(2)参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。veryeducationalforusGuangzhouMuseum.(3)明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。Theheavyrainmayusfromouttomorrow.(4)广州的公园每年都种很多树。Everyyear,alotoftreesintheparksinGuangzhou。(5)我昨晚看的那场电影真好笑!movieIsawlastnight!(6)我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。Iwondermeettomorrow.(7)如果你足够细心,就不会犯简单的错误。Youwon'tanysimplemistakesyoucarefulenough.七、书面表达10.你是英语校报编辑李华。校报收到初一新生Ben的来信,他提出了所面临的两个问题。

请你根据以下提示写一封回信,说明Ben的问题,提出你的建议并陈述理由。Ben'sproblemsYouradviceandreasons朋友少,感觉孤单⒈参加学校社团(club)—结识更多朋友⒉?(请你补充)英语单词难记⒈多阅读英语故事、新闻一在运用中学单词⒉?(请你补充)DearBen,

Iamsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublegettingusedtolifeinmiddleschoolyou'reyourletteryousaidthat…

…

Goodluckwitheverything!

LiHua

注意:①回信应包括所有要点;②词数80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入词数);③不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分。

答案解析部分1.【答案】(1)B;(2)C;(3)C;(4)A;(5)D;(6)B;(7)D;(8)C;(9)A;(10)D;(11)B;(12)D;(13)B;(14)A;(15)C【解析】【分析】文章大意:主要描述了我国著名音乐家冼星海的生平事迹。

(1)考查副词。句意:在他短暂的一生中,他写了几乎三百首歌曲,一部戏剧。A.近的,B.几乎,差不多,C.在······附近,D.更近的,根据常识可知冼星海写了几乎300首歌曲,故选B。

(2)考查代词。句意:因为他的父亲在他出生之前就死了,冼星海和他的母亲常常搬家。根据常理可知他的父亲死后,他和他的母亲一起搬来搬去,his:他的,形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故选C。

(3)考查冠词。句意:当他20岁的时候,他开始学弹小提琴琴。根据语法知识可知琴类前面要用定冠词the,playtheviolin:弹小提琴,故选C。

(4)考查副词。句意:起初,他的小提琴是那么便宜,制作的那么糟糕以致于他弹不好。so···that:如此······以致于,引导结果状语从句,so修饰形容词或副词,cheap是形容词,故选A。

(5)考查情态动词。句意:起初,他的小提琴是那么便宜,制作的那么糟糕以致于他弹不好。A.需要,B.能够,可能,C.应该,D.能够,根据语境可知时态是一般过去时,要用could,故选D。

(6)考查动名词。句意:冼星海没有停止练习,不久就表现出了他的天赋。根据stopdoingsth.停止做某事,可知practice要用动名词,故选B。

(7)考查关系代词。句意:在1934年,他成为了第一批在巴黎的一所特殊音乐学校上学的中国学生之一。根据句意可知7studiedinaspecialmusicschoolinParis.是thefirstChinesestudents的定语从句,先行词是人,studied前面缺主语,故选D。

(8)考查动词。句意:在他离开之前,他变成了那所学校最好的学生,并且因为他的天赋赢得了几个奖。根据上文可知时态是一般过去时,可知此句也是一般过去时,故选C。

(9)考查连词。句意:在他离开之前,他变成了那所学校最好的学生,并且因为他的天赋赢得了几个奖。根据语境可知成为最好的学生和赢得几个奖是并列关系,and表示并列关系,but:表示转折关系,as表示因为,or表示选择关系,故选A。

(10)考查动词。句意:后来,他回到延安,目的是在一所大学教音乐。teach:教,后跟科目或教的对象,回延安的目的是在大学教书,动词不定式表示目的,故选D。

(11)考查连词。句意:尽管当时延安没有钢琴,冼星海仍然在那写出一些他最重要的音乐作品,包括黄河,他最著名的作品。根据语境可知两句是让步关系,要用although尽管来引导,故选B。

(12)考查代词。句意:尽管当时延安没有钢琴,冼星海仍然在那写出一些他最重要的音乐作品,包括黄河,他最著名的作品。根据常识可知冼星海当时创作了一些著名的作品,A.任何,B.几乎没有,修饰不可数名词,C.几乎没有,修饰可数名词,D.一些,故选D。

(13)考查动词。句意:在1940年5月,冼星海被中国共产党派去苏联写电影音乐。send:发送,人和发送是被动关系,要用被动语态,故选B。

(14)考查形容词。句意:在苏联,生活非常艰难。根据后文XiangotsickandlaterdiedofalungillnessOctober30,1945,agedonly40.冼星海生病了,后来在1945年10月30日死于肺病,年仅40岁。可知苏联的生活非常艰难,hard,没有比较,要用原级,故选A。

(15)考查介词。句意:冼星海生病了,后来在1945年10月30日死于肺病,年仅40岁。根据语法知识可知年月日前面要用介词on,故选C。

【点评】考查综合知识的运用,首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,结合语境、语法、上下文、逻辑推理选出正确答案,最后通读全文,确保通顺、完整。2.【答案】(1)C;(2)A;(3)D;(4)B;(5)A;(6)D;(7)C;(8)A;(9)B;(10)C【解析】【分析】文章大意:主要讲述了Jackie去参加面试,最后得到工作的故事。

(1)考查名词。句意:她目标是在一家著名的公司,但是对这样工作的竞争非常强烈。A。考试,B.工作,C.竞争,D.计划,根据常理推测想进著名的公司,竞争非常强烈,故选C。

(2)考查副词。句意:令人感激的是,Jackie是被邀请参加最后面试的三个人中的一个。A.感谢地,令人感激的是,B.不幸地,C.希望地,D.马上,20个人能参加最后的决赛是令人感激的,故选A。

(3)考查形容词。句意:面试非常简单。A.长,B.严格的,C.有趣的,D.简单。根据后文Theintervieweraskedjustafewquestionsanditwasalloverinlessthan10minutes.面试官问几个问题,不到十分钟就都结束了。可知问题简单,故选D。

(4)考查动词。句意:然后面试官对他们说,“你们都非常优秀,请回家等我们的回复吧。”A.捡起,B.等待,C.处理,D.想起,根据常识可知参加完面试,要回家等消息,故选B。

(5)考查动词。根据后句Shefeltdeeplydisappointed.可知句意是三天后,Jackie收到信息说她不会被提供这份工作。offersb.sth.:提供某人某物,此处是被动语态,故选A。

(6)考查名词。句意:然而,那天晚上她收到另一个信息。根据Thistimeitsaidthatshegotthejob.这次它说她得到了这份工作。可知收到了一个不同意前面那个的信息,message,故选D。

(7)考查名词。句意:Jackie后来发现第一个发到她手机上的信息是面试的一部分——测试看看是否她适合这项工作。根据后文Allthethreepeoplereceivedthe8text,butonlyJackie'sreply9thecompanyofthethree,onedidnotreply.Theothersaid“goodbye”andJackiesaid“thankyou”.可知第一个信息其实是一次测试,test,故选C。

(8)考查形容词。句意:所有这三个人都收到了同样的文本,但是只有Jackie的回答使公司的三个人满意。根据后文可知推测三个收到了同样的文本。thesame:同样的,故选A。

(9)考查动词。句意:所有这三个人都收到了同样的文本,但是只有Jackie的回答使公司的三个人满意。根据后文Jackiesaid“thankyou”.Jackie说“谢谢”,可知她的回答令人满意,satisfy:使······满意,故选B。

(10)考查形容词。句意:这个回答表明Jackie是个礼貌的人,因此公司提供给她这份工作。A.勇敢,B.聪明,C.礼貌,D.诚实,根据语境可知Jackie对应聘工作被拒的短信回复了“谢谢”说明她是礼貌的,故选C。

【点评】考查词汇短语句式等在语境中的运用,首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据语境、语法、上下文、逻辑推理斟酌字句选出正确答案,最后通读全文,确保通顺、完整。3.【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)B(4)C(5)D【解析】【分析】文章大意:主要讲述了Lin的第十一岁生日礼物对他人生的影响。

(1)细节理解题。根据文章原句Helikedtheideaoftakingbeautifulpicturesbutthenoticesaidthateachstudentneededtheirowncamera.AlthoughLin'sfamilyweren'tpoor,theyweren'tricheither,andacameracostalotofmoney.Lin喜欢摄影,但是注意到每个学生需要他们自己的照相机。尽管Lin家不穷,他们也不富,一台照相机花很多钱。可知Lin没有选择摄影是因为它太贵,故选A。

(2)猜测词义题。根据文中原句Thenextcoursetocatchhiseyewas"LanguageArt".可知第二个吸引他的眼球的是“语言艺术”。catchone'seye就是吸引他的注意力的意思,故选C。

(3)细节理解题。根据文中原句"Cooking"soundedlikesomethinghe'dliketodo.Itwasinexpensiveandconvenient,itcouldbedonealoneanditwasalsocreative.“烹饪”听起来像他喜欢做的事情。它不贵,方便,可以单独被完成,也具有创造性,以及Lin,ashyboy,Lin,一个害羞的男孩,可知厨师专业适合Lin的性格,故选B。

(4)细节理解题。根据文中原句BasedonLin'shobbyhistory,hisdadhaddoubts,butheagreed.Muchtohisparents'surprise,Linkepthispromise.以Lin的爱好历史为基础,他的父亲有些怀疑,但是他同意了。使他的父母惊讶的是,Lin遵守了诺言,可知他的父母不相信Lin能坚持学厨师,故选C。

(5)主旨大意题。根据文章第一句Forhiseleventhbirthday,Linwasgivenagiftthatwouldshapehislife.在他十一岁的生日,Lin被给了一个构建他的人生的礼物,以及后文的内容可知文章主要讲了生日礼物改变了Lin的一生,故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据问题在文中找到细节和依据,锁定答案。4.【答案】(1)A(2)D(3)B(4)D(5)C【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述了饭馆形成的发展史。

(1)主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章主要讲述了饭馆是怎样形成的,故选A。

(2)细节理解题。根据文中原句Therewasnowhereinwhichawaiterbroughtyoufoodanddrinkthatyoupickedfromamenu.没有地方服务生带来你在菜单上点的食物和饮料,可知饭馆不同于以前吃饭的地方是你从菜单上点菜,故选D。

(3)细节理解题。根据文中原句Atthattime,soupswereconsideredsomethingthatcouldhelp"restore"(恢复)yourhealth-inFrenchtheword"restore"is“restaurer”—sohecalledthesoups"restaurants".当时,汤被认为是能够帮助“恢复”你的健康的某些东西——在法语中,单词“restore”是“restaurer”——因此他称汤为“restaurants”。可知需要恢复健康的人是病人,故选B。

(4)细节理解题。根据文中原句sohecalledthesoups"restaurants".因此他称汤为“restaurants”,故选D。

(5)细节理解题。根据文中原句Bythemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurantsthroughouttheworld.到19世纪中期,在世界各地都有了许多类型的饭馆。可知饭馆是在19世纪变得国际化,故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解能力。在通读全文的基础上,在原文中找出每个问题的依据,非常容易选出正确答案。5.【答案】(1)C(2)D(3)B(4)B(5)A【解析】【分析】文章大意:主要介绍了太空的垃圾以及处理办法。

(1)细节理解题。these总是代指上文出现的事物,根据前句AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.根据BBC新闻,有超过两万两千片空间垃圾漂浮在地球的周围,可知these指的是morethan22,000piecesofspacejunk,故选C。

(2)细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知这些太空垃圾飞行速度非常快,甚至非常小的块会撞击重要的卫星,或对宇航员变得危险,如果最小的垃圾撞进宇宙飞船,它可能会损害宇宙飞船,故选D。

(3)细节理解题。根据Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth'satmosphereafterthattime.为了减少附加的太空垃圾,国家们已经同意所有的太空工具至多在在太空呆25年,在那段时间后被建的每个工具必须安全落回到地球的大气中。可知这样做是为了不让这些工具成为太空垃圾,故选B。

(4)细节理解题。根据TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.德国人在建能收集太空垃圾碎片的机器人,把垃圾带回地球安全毁坏,故选B。

(5)细节理解题。根据文章大意可知写这篇文章是为了保护地球环境,因此这篇文章可能会在报纸的环境部分出现,故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据问题在文章中找到细节,选出正确答案。6.【答案】(1)B(2)C(3)D(4)D(5)A【解析】【分析】文章大意:介绍了适合孩子们看的这个月的最畅销书。

(1)细节理解题。根据文章原句Thismonth'smostpopularbooks这个月最受欢迎的书,可知这些书都是以受欢迎度来排列的,故选B。

(2)细节理解题。根据文章原句Thisbookisagreatintroductiontothelivesandworksofsomeofthemostimportantandup-to-nowunknownwomeninscience.这本书是关于一些最重要直到现在为主在科学上不出名的女人的生活和工作的介绍,故选C。

(3)细节理解题。根据文章原句FirstBigbookofHowbyJillEsbaumPrice$15以及AReallyShortHistoryofNearlyEverythingbyBillBrysonPrice$15可知订购这两本书需要15+15=30美元,再根据Forthismonthonly,allBestbooksBookClubmemberswillpay20%lessforeverybookordered.可知会员订购的书便宜20%,30-30*20%=24,故选D。

(4)细节理解题。问题:需要写非洲大象的科学报道的小学学生应该选择______,根据文章原句Thisbookistheperfectintroductiontothesevencontinents.Ittellsyoungreadersaboutthedifferentanimalsthatliveoneachoftheselandsandgivesasimpledescriptionofthepeople'shistoryandculture.可知这本书是七大洲的完美介绍,它告诉小读者在这些陆地上不同的动物,简明介绍了人们的历史和文化,故选D。

(5)写作意图题。根据文章大意可知介绍这些书是为了把它们卖给小读者们,故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据问题在文章中找到依据,选出正确答案。7.【答案】B;A;E;C;D【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章主要讲述了电话真正的发明家是Meucci,而不是AlexanderGrahamBell。

(1)根据上文MostofusthinkthetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderGrahamBell.我们大多数人都认为电话是AlexanderGrahamBell发明的,以及后文Infact,anItaliannamedAntonioMeucciwasofficiallyrecognised(认定)astheinventorafewyearsago.事实上,一年前一个名叫AntonioMeucci的意大利人被官方认定是发明家。可知这句是然而,他不是第一个想起这个主意的人,故选B。

(2)根据上文Duringhisstudies,Meuccistartedtoexperimentwithelectricity.在他研究期间,Meucci开始用电做实验。以及下文Whentwoplaceswereconnectedwithwire,peopleinthoseplacescouldheareachothertalk.当两地被用电线连接的时候,在这些地方的人们能互相听见说话。可知这句是他发现声音能通过金属电缆传播,故选A。

(3)根据上文Meucciwasworriedabouthiswife,becauseshehadbecomeveryill.Meucci担心他的妻子,因为她病得很严重。可知这句是:他需要一直和他的妻子保持联系,故选E。

(4)根据上文Meucciinvitedagroupofpeopletoseehisnewinvention.Meucci邀请了一群人去看他的新发明。以及后文Evenworse,Meuccineverappliedforapatent(专利)onhisinvention.更糟糕的是,Meucci从来没有申请发明的专利。可知这句

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