湖南省长沙市麓山国际实验学校2024-2025学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试题

2024—2025—1学期麓山国际高一第一次学情检测试卷英语时量：120分钟满分:150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.About5:20pm. B.About5:40pm. C.About6:00pm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mintrouble.Ihavetogettheseletterstothepostofficebeforeitclosesat6pm,andit’salmost6pmalready.W:Takeiteasy.Thisclockistwentyminutesfast.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whatlanguagetolearn. B.Whatfilmtowatch. C.Whatcoursetoattend.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Sam,whichoptionalcoursewillyoutakethissemester?M:Filmstudies,Iguess.ButI’llconsiderFrenchasanalternative.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Stayathome. B.Gotoaclub. C.Attendameeting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wouldyouliketogototheclubtonight?M:I’dratherstayathomeandwatchTV.Ihavetogetupearlytoattendameetingtomorrow.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inastore.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Thesetwotieslookverynice.Howmucharethey?W:Itwasoriginally60poundsforeach,butifyoubuytwo,youwillgetanotheronefree.M:OK.Iwilltakethree.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidthemanleavehislastjob?A.Tobeefamous. B.Tostudyfurther. C.Tofindanewjob.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Weletoourpany.We’dlikeyoutotellusaboutyourworkexperience.M:Iworkedatafamouspanyfortwoyears.W:Canyoutelluswhyyouleft?M:IleftbecauseIwentbacktostudyandgetmymaster’sdegree.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Anassistant. B.Adoctor. C.Aprofessor.7.Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.ThisisDoctorWhite’soffice.MayIhelpyou?M:I’dliketomakeanappointmenttoseethedoctorthisweek.W:Well,I’mafraidheisfullybookedonMondayandTuesday.HowaboutWednesday?M:IhaveclassesattheuniversityonWednesday.WillThursdaybeOK?W:Sorry.I’mafraidheisfullybookedonThursdaytoo.M:Friday?W:Yes!HewillbefreeonFridaythisweek.HowaboutFridaymorning?M:Iprefersometimeintheafternoonifit’spossible.Thankyou!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Abuilding. B.Adesigner. C.Apicture.9.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanlikebest?A.History. B.Music. C.Math.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Youknow,I’veneverseenthepicturesyoutookofNewYork.M:Didn’tIshowthemtoyouafterIgotback?Well,Ihavethemwithme.Lookatthisone.W:Fantastic.Wherewasthistaken?M:FromthetopoftheWorldTradeCenter.DoyouknowtheStatueofLibertywasdesignedbyaFrenchman?W:Uhhuh.Bartholdi.ItwasgiventotheUnitedStatesbyFranceonthe100thbirthdayoftheUSindependence.M:Youknowalotabouthistory.W:Historyismyfavoritesubject!M:Oh,Ithoughtyoulikemathbest!Well,let’slookatanotherone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.HowdidAndyfeelwhenhefirstarrivedattheclassroom?A.Excitedandpleased. B.Anxiousandafraid. C.Embarrassedandannoyed.11.WhatcanweknowaboutMrPerry?A.Heisstrict. B.Heisenergetic. C.Heisfunny.12.Whydidthebellringat12:00?A.Totellstudentsclassisover.B.Totellstudentstohavelunch.C.Toremindstudentstoattendclass.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【原文】W:Howwasyourfirstdayinthenewschool,Andy?M:Todayisn’tbad,thoughIarrivedattheclassroomwithanxietyandfear.W:That’sgreat.Whataboutyourteacher?M:Oh,doyoumeanMrPerry?Hesaidtomewithasoftvoice,whichfortedme.W:Whatisthedifferencebetweenthenewschoolandtheoldone?M:MrPerrygaveeachofusapieceofpaperwhichwasabout“courserequirements”.Ihadnevergotthisbefore.Thenheaskedustochoosetheseatweliked.W:Yousaidit.MrPerryisalwayskindandstrict.M:Ithinkthat’sthereasonwhymyparentsaskedmetotravelalongdistancetobeastudentofMrPerry.W:Itwouldbegoodforyourfuture.Andanyfunnystoriestoday?M:Yes.Iwentbacktotheclassroomwhenthebellrangat12:00.Butmyteachertoldmeitwasthelunchbell.Ifeltembarrassed,youknow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatdoesthemanthinkofLucy’stakingflyinglessons?A.Surprising. B.Impractical. C.Interesting.14.WhatdoesLucyworkas?A.Apilot. B.Anurse. C.Adoctor.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Teachinacollege. B.Startherownrestaurant. C.TeachanItaliancookingclass.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?AHusbandandwife. B.Brotherandsister. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Gina,Gina...Gina?Whatareyoudoing?W:Oh,IwasjustthinkingaboutourconversationwithLucytheothernight.IhopeLucycanfindsomeplacetotakeflyinglessons.M:Iamsurprised.IhavenoideathatLucyisinterestedinlearninghowtofly.W:Anddoyouknowshewantstoleaveherjobandgobacktoschool?Shesaysshedoesn’thaveenoughresponsibilityasanurse.Shewantstobeadoctor.Ihopeherdreamestrue.M:Metoo.Bytheway,areyoustillthinkingaboutopeninganItalianrestaurant?W:IwishIcould.ButIcan’tdothatunlessIhavealotofmoney.M:Iknow.SometimesIwishwe’dwinalotofmoney.Butweneedtobemorerealistic.Whydon’tyouconsiderteachinganItaliancookingclass?You’reagreatcookandyoucoulddoitathome.W:Frank,that’snotabadidea.Icouldgetmoreexperienceandbuildareputation.Andthen,eventually,Imightbeabletoteachaneveningclassatoneofthemunitycolleges.M:See?Aren’tyougladyoumarriedme?Ihavegoodideassometimes.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Wheredoesthespeakerefrom?A.Australia. B.America. C.England.18.WhatdoEnglishpeoplethinkofAmericans?A.Humorous. B.Quiet. C.Friendly.19.WhatdidthespeakerliketodointheafternooninEngland?A.Enjoyafternoontea. B.Watchedyshows. C.Playwithhisfriends.20.WhatdidthespeakerfindamazinginEngland?A.TheTVprograms. B.Theoldbuildings. C.Theteashops.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:ThemostunforgettableexperienceI’veeverhad?Well,thatwasthreeyearsagowhenIwasincollege.IspentatermstudyinginLondon.Eventhoughwespeakthesamelanguage,EnglishpeopleandAmericansareverydifferent.TheythinkthatweAmericansarefriendlyandthatwehaveastrongdesiretobesuccessfulandrich.AndIthinktheBritisharequietandgentle.Ilovethelifestylethere.Goingoutforafternoonteawasfun,andIalwaysdidthatwithmyfriends.AndIreallylovetheoldbuildings.Wedon’thaveanythingthatoldintheUnitedStates,soitisprettyamazing!Bytheway,IalsowenttoAustraliaonce.Thebuildingstherearen’tsoattractiveeither.TheBritishalsohaveadifferentsenseofhumor.TheiredyshowsonTVarereallyfunny.I’dliketosaymyexperiencewasapositiveone.Infact,I’msavingupmoneysoIcangobackthereagain.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHighSchoolpetition2023AnnouncementTheCIVICMUSICMKEHighSchoolpetitionisawellknownMilwaukeepetitionforhighschoolagemusicians.MusicianspeteforthechancetoperformontheShowcasePerformanceandtobeoneoffourmusicianstoreceiveatotalof$1,500inYoungArtistScholarships(奖学金),andonejazzmusiciantoreceivetheLeeGuseMemorialJazzScholarship.APPLY(申请)BY:August15,2023PETITIONDAY:October21,2023SHOWCASEPERFORMANCE:December12,2023(MilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter)REQUIREMENTS:·Opentohighschoolsingingandinstrumentalstudentsingrades1012wholiveinMilwaukee,Ozaukee,Waukesha,WashingtonorRacineCounty.·Fourtosixminutesofperformancetimeisrequired.Thetimerwillstoptheperformeratsixminutes.·Allstudentsareexpectedtoperformwithanacpanist(伴奏者)andmustprovidetheirown.HOWTOAPPLY:·OnlineapplicationwillbeopenafterJuly31andclosedafterAugust15.·Pleasefeelfreetoemailinfo@civicmusicmilwaukee.orgwithanyquestions.JUDGES(裁判)FORTHE2023PETITION:·SINGING:DavidHoffman,WendyRowe·INSTRUMENTAL:PaulHauer,JamesRipley·JAZZ:JohannaBrahm21.Whencanyousignupforthepetition?A.OnJuly31,2023. B.OnOctober21,2023.C.OnAugust12,2023. D.OnDecember12,2023.22.Whatwilleachofthewinnersget?A.A$6,000YoungArtistScholarship.B.AplaceatamusicschoolinWashington.C.Asixminutepersonalperformancevideo.D.AchancetoperformatMilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter.23.Whowillbethejudgeoftheinstrumentalgroup?A.DavidHoffman. B.WendyRowe.C.JamesRipley. D.JohannaBrahm.【答案】21.C22.D23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一项高中生音乐大赛。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“APPLY(申请)BY:August15,2023(申请截止日期:2023年8月15日)”和HOWTOAPPLY部分中的“OnlineapplicationwillbeopenafterJuly31andclosedafterAugust15.(网上申请将于7月31日开始,8月15日结束。)”可知，学生可以在8月12日报名参加比赛。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“MusicianspeteforthechancetoperformontheShowcasePerformance(音乐家们竞争在’展示表演’上表演的机会)”以及“SHOWCASEPERFORMANCE:December12,2023(MilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter)[展示表演:2023年12月12日(密尔沃基青年艺术中心)]”可知,比赛的优胜者可以获得在MilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter表演的机会。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据JUDGES(裁判)FORTHE2023PETITION部分中的“INSTRUMENTAL:PaulHauer,JamesRipley”可知,JamesRipley是本次比赛器乐组的评委。故选C项。BInmiddleschool,Iwasoneofthe“gifted”kids.Forthosethreeshortyears,IfeltlikeIwasontopoftheworld.Thenhighschoolbegan.Allofasudden,Iwasnolongeratthetopofmyclass.Mypaperswerefilledwithcorrections,notpraise.Myparentsdidn’tunderstand.FromwhattheyhadknownaboutmewhenIwasyounger,theythoughtthatIwasperfect,andsoIhadtobeperfectallthetime.Theirconcerngrew—theybegantosearchforprivateteachersandwouldoftentalktome,tryingtofindoutwhatwaswrongwithme.Myconcerngrewtoo—thepressuretoliveuptotheirexpectationsonlybecamegreater.Ifoundmyselfworryingaboutschoolallthetime.Ievenquestionedmyself—whowasI,ifnottheperfectstudent?WatchingSimoneBilespulloutoftheOlympicsmademethinkofmyself.SimoneBileswastheGOAT(greatestofalltime).Iftherewasanypersonweknewwecouldcountontowin,itwasSimone.Unlikeme,Simonerecognizedthepressureshewasunder.Shehadthebraveryandselfreflectiveskillstobeabletorealizethatthepressureofperfectionwastoomuchforher.SimoneBileshastaughtmeaveryimportantlesson:tobethegreatestpersonofalltime,mentalhealthmustefirst.Insteadofgettingdownonmyselffornotbeingthebest,IneedtolearnfromSimoneandbekindtomyselfbytakingabreakorevenaskingforhelpifneedbe.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelinhighschool?A.Boredandtired. B.Nervousandanxious. C.Confidentandproud. D.Excitedandsurprised.25.Whatcanwesayabouttheauthor’sparents?A.Theyhadgreatexpectationsoftheauthor. B.Theyfullyunderstoodtheauthor’ssituation.C.Theymanagedtolowertheauthor’spressure. D.TheypushedtheauthortolearnfromSimoneBiles.26.HowdidSimoneBilesinfluencetheauthor?A.Sheencouragedtheauthornevertogiveup.B.Shetaughttheauthorusefulselfreflectiveskills.C.Sheshowedtheauthorthetruemeaningofperfection.D.Shemadetheauthorrealizethevalueofmentalhealth.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A.Pressure:howmuchistoomuch?B.SimoneBiles:theGOAToftheOlympicsC.SimoneBiles,me,andthepressureofperfectionD.Howdoschoolsimprovethementalhealthofstudents?【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历来告诉我们，当我们感觉自己不完美，不能让父母满意，且自己焦虑又紧张的时候，我们应该怎么做。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Ifoundmyselfworryingaboutschoolallthetime.Ievenquestionedmyself—whowasI,ifnottheperfectstudent?(我发现自己一直在为上学发愁。我甚至质疑自己——如果不是完美的学生，我是谁?)”可知，作者应该是焦虑和紧张的。故选B项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“FromwhattheyhadknownaboutmewhenIwasyounger,theythoughtthatIwasperfect,andsoIhadtobeperfectallthetime.(从我小时候他们对我的了解来看，他们认为我是完美的，所以我必须一直保持完美。)”可知，作者的父母对作者期望很高。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“SimonBileshastaughtmeaveryimportantlesson:tobethegreatestpersonofalltime,mentalhealthmustefirst.（西蒙·拜尔斯给我上了非常重要的一课：要成为有史以来最伟大的人，心理健康必须放在第一位。)”可知，西蒙·拜尔斯让作者意识到心理健康的价值。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据根据第三段第二句“FromwhattheyhadknownaboutmewhenIwasyounger,theythoughtthatIwasperfect,andsoIhadtobeperfectallthetime.(从我小时候他们对我的了解来看，他们认为我是完美的，所以我必须一直保持完美。)”及最后一段第三句“SimonBileshastaughtmeaveryimportantlesson:tobethegreatestpersonofalltime,mentalhealthmustefirst.（西蒙·拜尔斯给我上了非常重要的一课：要成为有史以来最伟大的人，心理健康必须放在第一位。)”并结合全文内容可知，作者通过西蒙·拜尔斯和自己的亲身经历来告诉我们，当我们感觉自己不完美，不能使父母满意，且自己焦虑又紧张的时候，我们应该怎么做。所以短文的标题为“西蒙娜·拜尔斯，我，还有追求完美的压力”。故选C项。CThehumanbrainremembersnegativeexperiencesmoreeasilythanpositiveones.Ourbrainshavedevelopedinthiswaybecausethreats,likedangerousanimals,haveamoreimmediateeffectonpeople’ssurvivalparedtopositivethingslikefoodorshelter.Asaresult,youclearlyknowwhatmakesyouunhappy,butdoyouknowwhatmakesyouhappy?Researchsuggeststhatourlevelofhappinessispartlyshapedbythechoiceswemake.Ifyou’vebeenchasingwealth,fame,powerandsomematerialthings,youmaybelookingforhappinessinthewrongplaces.Psychologistssuggestthatthefollowinghabitscanmakepeoplehappier.Peoplewhoowncloserelationshipstendtobehappierthanthosewhodonot.Thenumberofourfriendsisnotimportant.Whatmattersisthequalityofourrelationships.Relationshipsthatbringhappinessusuallyconsistofthesharingoffeelings,acceptance,mutual(互相的)respectandtrust.Peoplewhoexerciseregularlycanimproveboththeirphysicalandmentalwellbeing.Someresearchhasshownthatexercisecanbeaseffectiveassomemedicineintreatingdepression.Ifwearesointerestedinanactivity,wemaylosetrackoftime,andwecanbeinastateofflow.Theactivitycouldbeplayingthepiano,surfingtheInternetorplayingagame...Peoplewhoexperienceflowintheirworkorlifetendtobehappier.Peoplearemorelikelytobehappyiftheyknowwhattheirstrengthsareandcanusethemregularly.Peopleareespeciallyhappywhentheycansetgoalsandusetheirstrengthstoachievethem.People,whothinkpositivelybybeinggrateful,mindfulandoptimistic,aremorelikelytobehappy.Beinggratefulmeansbeingthankful.Beingmindfulmeansconsidering,focusingon,andenjoyingtheexperiencesofthepresentmoment.Beingoptimisticmeansbeinghopefulaboutthefuture.28.Whydohumanbrainsremembernegativethingsmoreeasily?A.Becausenegativethingsareeasytoremember.B.Becausenegativethingscanmakepeoplelivemuchhappier.C.Becausenegativethingsaremuchmoreimportantthanotherthings.D.Becausenegativethingstendtoaffecthumansurvivalimmediately.29.Accordingtothispassage,inwhichofthefollowingcanpeoplenotfindhappiness?A.Chasingpower. B.Doingsports.C.Playingtheviolin. D.Makingfriends.30.Inthelastparagraph,whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?A.Weshouldthinkmoreaboutourfuture. B.Weshouldbepositiveinourlifeandwork.C.Weshouldfocusoneverythinginourlife. D.Weshouldonlyenjoythepresentmoment.31.Whatdoesthepassagemainlywanttotellus?A.Somehabitsthatmakepeoplehappy. B.Thehabitspeopleformintheirlife.C.Whypeoplerememberpositivethingseasily. D.Whypeopleremembernegativethingseasily.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者介绍了生活中的哪些习惯可以让我们快乐，同时告诉我们应该积极地对待生活和工作。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ourbrainshavedevelopedinthiswaybecausethreats,likedangerousanimals,haveamoreimmediateeffectonpeople’ssurvivalparedtopositivethingslikefoodorshelter.(我们的大脑之所以以这种方式发展，是因为威胁，比如危险的动物，相比食物或住所等积极的东西，对人类的生存有更直接的影响。)”可知，人脑更容易记住消极的东西是因为消极的事情往往会直接影响人类的生存。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ifyou’vebeenchasingwealth,fame,powerandsomematerialthings,youmaybelookingforhappinessinthewrongplaces.(如果你一直在通过追求财富、名望、权力和一些物质的东西来寻求快乐,你可能找错地方了。)”可知，追逐权力并不能让人们找到幸福。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“People,whothinkpositivelybybeinggrateful,mindfulandoptimistic,aremorelikelytobehappy.Beinggratefulmeansbeingthankful.Beingmindfulmeansconsidering,focusingon,andenjoyingtheexperiencesofthepresentmoment.Beingoptimisticmeansbeinghopefulaboutthefuture.(通过感恩、留心和乐观来积极思考的人更有可能快乐。感恩意味着怀有感恩之心。留心意味着考虑、专注和享受当下的经历。乐观意味着对未来充满希望。)”可推知，作者想告诉我们应该积极地对待生活和工作。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Asaresult,youclearlyknowwhatmakesyouunhappy,butdoyouknowwhatmakesyouhappy?(因此，你清楚地知道什么使你不快乐，但你知道什么使你快乐吗?)”并结合下文可知，作者介绍了生活中的哪些习惯可以让我们快乐，所以这篇文章主要是想告诉我们一些让人快乐的习惯。故选A项。DOverthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhiledriving,aswellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thechiefoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,saiddistracted（分心）drivingwas"onlyincreasing,unfortunately.""Bigchangerequiresbigideas."hesaidinaspeechlastmonth,referringbroadlytotheneedtoimproveroadsafety.Sototrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbacktoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shandsfreedrivinglaws."Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,”saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate's2001banonhandhelddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbeeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone."32.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebanondrivers'textingintheUS?A.Ineffective. B.Unnecessary.C.Inconsistent. D.Unfair.33.WhatcantheTextalyzerhelpapoliceofficerfindout?A.Whereadrivercamefrom. B.Whetheradriverusedtheirphone.C.Howfastadriverwasgoing. D.Whenadriverarrivedatthescene.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"something"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws.35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ToDriveorNottoDrive?ThinkBeforeYouStartB.TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzerC.NewYorkBanningHandHeldDevicesbyDrivers.D.TheNextGenerationCellPhone:TheTextalyzer【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信监控器）的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.”（在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下。）以及第二段中“Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.”（然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。）可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A选项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shandsfreedrivinglaws.”（这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B选项意为“是否司机使用了。”与此相符，故选B。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据句中的“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior.”（我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，）可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“IftheTextalyzerbillbeeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.”（他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，“人们会更害怕拿起。）可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用。故something指代的是法律。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore.”（部分原因是开车的人越来越多）可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故B选项TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzer（发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。）适合文章的标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyoneisshapedbythepeopleandenvironmentaroundthem,butnonesomuchasthefamily.Forbetterorworse,ourparentsandotherrelativeshaveagreatinfluenceonourlives.____36____Aswegrowolder,wemaydistanceourselvesfromthem,buttheirinfluenceremains.Oneofthemostobviouswaysthefamilyshapesusisthroughgenetics(遗传).Wegetourphysicalcharacteristicsfromourparents,likehaircolorandeyecolor.____37____Wealsogettendencies(偏好)andtalents,suchasamusicaltalent.Eventhoughwecan’tchooseourgenes,wecanlearntoacceptthethingsthatmakeusunique.Anotherwaythefamilyshapesusisthroughitsexperiences.Fromanearlyage,welearnthehabits,beliefs,andvaluesofourfamilymembers.____38____Wemaynotshareallthesameviewsasourparentsorgrandparents,buttheirinfluenceisstillthere.Inmanyways,thisinfluenceisevenstrongerthangeneswhenitestowhowebeeaspeople.____39____Thewayourparentstreatusandeachotherhasahugeinfluenceonhowweseetheworldandhowwetreatthepeoplearoundus.Ifwegrowupinahouseholdwherewe’reshownloveandrespect,wearemorelikelytoshowloveandrespecttoothers.There’snoclearcutanswertothequestionofnatureornurture(培养).____40____Butmanyotherfactors(因素)alsoplayarole.Byunderstandinghowourfamilyshapesus,wecandevelopadeeperunderstandingofourownlivesandrelationships.A.Butgeneticsgoesbeyondappearance.B.Finally,thefamilyshapesusbyexample.C.Thiscanhelpcreateasenseofpridewithinthefamily.D.Indifficulttimes,ourfamilyisoftenthefirstplaceweturnto.E.Overtime,thesethingsbeepartofuswhetherwerealizeitornot.F.Ourfamilyplaysanimportantroleinhowwedevelopashumanbeings.G.Theyarethefirstpeoplewelearnfromandtheoneswemodelourselvesafter.【答案】36.G37.A38.E39.B40.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了家庭对我们的影响。【36题详解】根据第三段“Fromanearlyage,welearnthehabits,beliefs,andvaluesofourfamilymembers.(从很小的时候起，我们就学习家庭成员的习惯、信仰和价值观。)”可知，我们把家庭成员当作学习的第一批人及榜样，G项“他们是我们学习的第一批人以及榜样。”符合题意。故选G项。【37题详解】根据前文“Wegetourphysicalcharacteristicsfromourparents,likehaircolorandeyecolor.(我们从父母那里得到身体特征，比如头发颜色和眼睛颜色。)”可知，基因使我们的外表与父母相似；根据后文“Wealsogettendencies(偏好)andtalents,suchasamusicaltalent.(我们也会有偏好和天赋，比如音乐天赋。)”可知，我们不仅可以通过基因遗传长相，还可以遗传偏好和天赋，所以说基因遗传的影响远不止外表。A项“Butgeneticsgoesbeyondappearance.(但遗传学则不仅仅是外表。)”符合题意。故选A项。【38题详解】根据前文“Fromanearlyage,welearnthehabits,beliefs,andvaluesofourfamilymembers.(从很小的时候起，我们就开始学习我们的家庭成员的习惯、信仰和价值观。)”可知，我们学到了家人的价值观、信仰以及习惯等，这些东西是耳濡目染的、潜移默化的，故E选项“Overtime,thesethingsbeepartofuswhetherwerealizeitornot.(随着时间的推移，无论我们是否意识到，这些事情都会成为我们的一部分。)”符合题意。故选E项。【39题详解】本段主要讲述了“Thewayourparentstreatusandeachotherhasahugeinfluenceonhowweseetheworldandhowwetreatthepeoplearoundus.(父母对待我们和彼此的方式影响了我们看待世界和对待周围的人的方式。)”，所以本段想表达的是家人是我们的榜样(example)。B项“Finally,thefamilyshapesusbyexample.(最后，家庭以身作则地塑造我们。)”符合题意。故选B项。【40题详解】结合空处后面一句“Butmanyotherfactors(因素)alsoplayarole.(但是其他因素也起着作用。)”可推断，设空处应该要说的是影响个人发展的重要因素，从前文可知，对个人发展起重要因素的是家庭及其成员。F项“Ourfamilyplaysanimportantroleinhowwedevelopashumanbeings.(我们的家庭在我们如何发展成为人类中扮演着重要的角色。)”符合题意。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asateenager,Iwasprettylazywhenitcametodoingthingsformyfamily.Ifoundmyself____41____tohelpoutathomewitheventhesimplestthings.EveryWednesdayafternoon,forexample,mymother____42____metoanothertownforapianolesson.Duringmytwohourlesson,she’drushtothenearbystoreandbuyaweek’sworthof____43____.Giventhefactthatmymomhaddrivenmetwelvemilesthere,twelvemilesback,and____44____formylesson,you’dthinkI’dbevery____45____andhelpherbringthegroceriesintothehouse.ButIwasn’t.Igenerallyjustbroughtinanarmloadofsnacksanddisappearedintomyroom,leavingthe____46____formymom.Don’tgetmewrong.Backinmyroom,Ifeltsorryfornot____47____mymothermore.Deepinside,Iwantedtochangemy____48____.ButIalsorealizedthatonceItookonmoreresponsibility,myparentswouldstart____49____morefromme.Atagefifteen,I_____50_____thatthisonesmallchangewouldmarksomethingmuchbigger:mypersonalchangefromaspoiled(被宠坏的)childtoamore_____51_____youngman.I’llneverforgettheWednesdaywhenImadeadecisionto_____52_____andseewhathappened.Returninghomefromthelesson,Idisappearedintomyroomasusual.Butatonceinside,Ifeltthatdeep_____53_____.Iheadedbacktothegaragetohelpmymother.HowhappyIfeltthatday!Surely,overtime,Icontinuedtohelpoutwithmorehousework.AsMomandDadrealizedtheycoulddependonmemore,ourtripsbecamefarless_____54_____,too.Sometimesthelittlethingsweputoffdoingthelongest_____55_____tobethesimplestthingstoplete.41.A.refusing B.aiming C.starting D.volunteering42.A.sent B.guided C.drove D.walked43.A.fruits B.clothes C.groceries D.vegetables44.A.paid B.looked C.prepared D.planned45.A.anxious B.smart C.confident D.grateful46.A.sadness B.car C.rest D.detail47.A.loving B.helping C.giving D.changing48.A.figure B.position C.character D.way49.A.expecting B.choosing C.arguing D.pressing50.A.remembered B.doubted C.worried D.sensed51.A.attractive B.responsible C.professional D.patient52.A.jumpin B.cheerup C.getaway D.catchup53.A.anger B.joy C.shame D.pride54.A.positive B.stressful C.harmful D.impressive55.