2022北京八一学校初三零模英语试题及参考答案

试题PAGE1试题2022北京八一学校初三零模英语一、单项选择题（本大题共12小题，共6分）1．Mydadisagreatdoctor.I'mveryproudof.（）A．her B．me C．them D．him2．Thereisabiggardenourschool.Wecangrowvegetablesthere.（）A．in B．to C．on D．with3．Samcanbeagoodinventorheisverycreative.（）A．but B．because C．so D．or4．﹣Jessica，youtalkwithpeopleinChinese？﹣Sure.IcanspeakChinesefreelynow.（）A．can B．must C．should D．need5．﹣doyouvisityourgrandparents，Tom？﹣Everyweekend.（）A．Howlong B．Howmuch C．Howoften D．Howsoon6．IthinkThreePigsisoneofstoriesinthebook.（）A．interesting B．moreinteresting C．mostinteresting D．themostinteresting7．Mysistertolearnpaintingfiveyearsago.（）A．starts B．started C．willstart D．isstarting8．NancymealotwithmyEnglishsincelastyear.（）A．willhelp B．ishelping C．hashelped D．helped9．IfshetoBeijing，I'llshowheraroundthecity.（）A．comes B．came C．wascoming D．hascome10．IamodelplaneformyscienceprojectwhenTinacalledme.（）A．make B．wasmaking C．made D．ammaking11．ThebridgeXinshougangBridgein2019.（）A．names B．named C．isnamed D．wasnamed12．﹣Couldyoutellme？﹣At8：00tomorrowmorning.（）A．whentheonlinemeetingbegan B．whendidtheonlinemeetingbegin C．whentheonlinemeetingwillbegin D．whenwilltheonlinemeetingbegin二、完形填空13．（8分）Atschool，somestudentsoftenmimicked（模仿）thewayAmywalked.Amywasreallytiredofit.Shecouldn'thelpthinkingaboutteasing（嘲笑）fromsomestudents.Eveninaclassroomfullofotherstudents，teasingmadeherfeel（1）.Hermotherknewthatthingswerenotgoingwellatschoolthesedays.Oneday，shesaidtoAmy，"There'saNewYear（2）Competitionontheradio.Writealettertotheorganizer，andyoumightwinaprize."ThenAmywrotealetterquietlyasfollows.DearSir/Madam，MynameisAmy.Ihavea（3）atschool.Canyouhelpme？KidslaughatmebecauseofthewayIwalkandrun.Ihavecerebralpalsy（脑瘫）.Ijustwantonedaythatnoonelaughsatmeormakesfunofme.Love，AmyWhenAmy'sletterarrivedattheradiostation，themanagernamedLeeTobinreaditcarefully.Heknewcerebralpalsywasamuscleillnesswhichmight（4）mostofAmy'sschoolmatesbecausetheyknewlittleaboutit.HethoughtitwouldbenecessaryforthepeopleinFortWaynetohearaboutthisspecialgirlandherunusualwish.Mr.TobincalledupthelocalnewspaperandAmy'sstory（5）soonafterthat.DuringthatunforgettableNewYearholiday，overtwothousandpeoplefromallovertheworldsentAmylettersoffriendshipand（6）her.Sherealizedthatnoteasingcouldevermakeherfeellonelyagain.Manypeople，whohadthesameexperience，thankedAmyforacting（7）tospeakup.Othersencouragedhertoignore（无视）teasingandtocarryherheadhigh.Amydid（8）herwishofaspecialdaywithoutteasingatherschool.Actually，teachersandstudentstalkedtogetherabouthowbadteasingcouldmakeothersfeel.Amytaughteveryoneanunforgettablelesson.（1）A.lonelyB.gladC.hopefulD.ill（2）A.GiftB.StarC.WishD.Song（3）A.planB.chanceC.mistakeD.problem（4）A.frightenB.confuseC.interruptD.hurt（5）A.endedB.spreadC.continuedD.developed（6）A.missedB.refusedC.supportedD.questioned（7）A.carelesslyB.blindlyC.bravelyD.curiously（8）A.getB.makeC.expectD.describe三、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共26分）14．（6分）HomemadeGiftsThereareplentyofreasonstoprepareahomemadegift，fromwantingyourgiftstobemoremeaningfultotheneedtosavemoney.Butnomatterwhyyou'relookingforhomemadegiftideas，you'vecertainlycometotherightplace!YogurtJar（酸奶罐）CandlesfromSmithDoyoulikeyogurtsinglassjars？Thejarsaretoocutetosendtotherubbish!Recyclethemintotheseshiningwishcandles.It'sasimpleandfunprojectthatalsomakesagreatgift.HandprintApron（围裙）fromAliceGrandparentsareknowntopreferemotionalgifts，somakingthishandprintapronisawonderfulchoice!Kidstaketurnsmakingpaintedhandprintsontheapron.It'sapracticalgiftthatwillmakeanygrandparentsmileeverytimetheypulliton.PaintedBottlesfromFionaIjustlovethesepaintedbottles，andthepersonwhoreceivesthemcouldusetheminsomanydifferentways!Theycouldusethemforholdingfreshordriedflowers，orasapencilcup，orjustasacutedecoration."PlacesYou'veLived"MapfromPeterMapsareafunwaytoaddcolorsandintereststoyourdecoration（装饰）!Thissimpleprojectwillhelpyou（orthepersonyougiftitto）rememberalltheplacesyou'vecalledhomeinabeautifulandmeaningfulway.（1）WhoadvisestomakeahandprintApron？A.Alice.B.Peter.C.Fiona.D.Smith.（2）Whyis"PlacesYou'veLived"Mapagoodchoiceaccordingtothepassage？A.It'sthecheapestbutmostmeaningfulofall.B.Itwillhelprememberalltheplacescalledhome.C.Itcanbeusedforholdingfreshordriedflowers.D.It'sasimpleandfunprojectthatalsohelpswithrecycling.（3）Whichofthefollowingismadeoftherecycledmaterialaccordingtothepassage？A.ThePaintedBottle.B.TheHandprintApron.C.TheYogurtJarCandle.D.The"PlacesYou'veLived"Map.15．（6分）Manyyearsago，Iwas18andwasworkingasanurseinasmalltownabout270kmawayfromSydney，Australia.Iwaslookingforwardtohavingfivedaysofffromduty.Unfortunately，theonlyonetrainadaybacktomyhomeinSydneyhadalreadyleft.SoIthoughtI'dhitcharide（搭便车）.Iwaitedbythesideofthehighwayforthreehoursbutnoonestoppedforme.Finally，amanwalkedoverandintroducedhimselfasGordon.Hesaidthatalthoughhecouldn'tgivemealift，Ishouldcomebacktohishouseforlunch.HenoticedmestandingforhoursintheNovemberheatandthoughtImustbehungry.IwasdoubtfulasayounggirlbutheassuredmeIwassafe，andhealsoofferedtohelpmefindalifthomeafterwards.Whenwearrivedathishouse，hemadeussandwiches.Afterlunch，hehelpedmefindalifthome.Manyyearslater，whileIwasdrivingtoanearbytownoneday.Isawanelderlymanstandingintheglaringheat，tryingtohitcharide.IthoughtitwasanotherchancetorepaysomeoneforthefavorI'dbeengivendecadesearlier.Ipulledoverandpickedhimup.Imadehimcomfortableonthebackseatandofferedhimsomewater.Afterafewmomentsofsmalltalk，themansaidtome，"Youhaven'tchangedabit，evenyourredhairisstillthesame."Icouldn'trememberwhereI'dmethim.Hethentoldmehewasthemanwhohadgivenmelunchandhelpedmefindaliftallthoseyearsago.ItwasGordon.（1）WhatdidGordondoaccordingtoParagraph2？A.Hewatchedthegirlforthreehours.B.Hegavethegirlaridebackhome.C.Heboughtsandwichesforthegirl.D.Hehelpedthegirlfindaride.（2）Thewriterofferedalifttotheelderlymanbecauseshe.A.wasgoingtothenearbytownB.hadknownhimformanyyearsagoC.wantedtorepaythefavorsheoncegotD.realizedhewasGordon（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Thosewhogiverideswillberepaid.B.Givingsometimesproducesniceresults.C.Goodmannersbringabouthappiness.D.Peopleshouldofferfreeridestoothers.16．（6分）HasnaKourdagrewuponanislandinTunisiawherehergrandmothertaughtherthestrongvaluesoflookingafteroldthings.Clotheswerereusedandrepurposedcontinuously，Kourdasays.Alargebagmadefromoldclothesbyhergrandmotherisstillusedbyherparentstoday.Kourdahasbroughtthesevaluesintoaprojectthatshehopescouldchangetherelationshippeoplehavewiththeirclothes—andbenefittheenvironmentintheprocess.Theclothingindustry—frommaterialsourcing（来源）towashingandwasteisconsideredtoberesponsiblefor8﹣10%ofglobalcarbonemissions（碳排放），accordingtotheUN.Astheworldracestomeetitspromisestolimitcarbonemissionstonetzerobythemiddleofthecentury，theclothingindustryhasahugejobaheadofittoplayitspart.Kourdaisamongthosewhohopetohelpdothat.Herwayistoencouragepeopletogolookingfornewwaysofusingtheclothingtheyalreadyhaveratherthanbuyingsomethingnew.Hercompany，SaveYourWardrobe，usestechnologytohelppeoplegoshoppingintheirownwardrobes.Thecompanyusescomputersoftwaretobuildadigitalimageofauser'swardrobepeoplecaneithertakepicturesofclothesorallow.SaveYourWardrobetochecktheironlineshoppinghistory.Itthenwardrobeadviseshowtocreatenewclothesaswellasconnectinguserstorepairandalteration（更改）services，andenvironmentallyfriendlydrycleaning.InOctoberthecompanybegantoworkwiththeGermancompanyZalando，whichwilluseSaveYourWardrobetechnologytooffercustomersaftercarefortheirclothes."Thejob，"saysKourda，"istousetechnologytoguideuserstoreconnectwiththeclothesoftheirwardrobeandmakethemostoutofit，finallyencouragingthemtobuylessandbetter".SaveYourWardrobeisjustoneofahugenumberofcompaniesusingnewtechnologyanddifferentbusinessmodelstotrytooverhaul（全面改革）theindustry.Fromencouragingnewwaysofconsumingclothes，tomakingitpossibleforclothestoberecycledattheendoftheirlife，theclothingworldcouldlookverydifferentbythetimewereach2045.（1）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1？A.Kourdahopedtosavemoneyforherproject.B.Kourda'sfamilyhasvaluedoldthingsinlife.C.Kourda'sgrandmareusedclothestohelpothers.D.Kourda'sparentsaretoopoortobuynewclothes.（2）What'sParagraph3mainlyabout？A.HowKourda'scompanyhelpstolimitcarbonemissions.B.WhyKourdarunshercompanySaveYourWardrobe.C.WhyKourda'scompanyworkswithothercompanies.D.HowKourdateachespeopletodoonlineshopping.（3）Whatmightthewriterprobablyagree？A.Peoplewillsticktooldtraditionsofconsumingclothing.B.Customersmightneedlessaftercarefortheirclothessoon.C.SaveYourWardrobewillcreatemoreclothesinthefuture.D.Theclothingindustrymightbemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.17．（10分）TheTeenagerBrainTeenagershavealwaysbeenknowntodounusual，evendangerousthings.Thiswasthoughttobebecauseofthe"foolishnessofyouth".Now，scientistshavestudiedthephysicaldevelopmentofthebraininmoredetail.Theirdiscoverieshaveledtoanewtheory（理论）ofwhyteensactthisway.AWorkinProgressRecentlyscientistsdiscoveredthatonlyduringadolescence（青春期）doourbrainstruly"growup".Duringthistime，theygothroughgreatchanges.These"changes"wereoncethoughttobefinishedbyaboutage12.Now，scientistshavefoundthatourbrainscontinuetochangeuntilage25.Suchchangesmakeusbetteratbalancingimpulses（平衡冲动）withfollowingrules.Butastill﹣developingbraincanhardlydothiswell.Theresult，scientistsclaim，istheunpredictablebehaviorseeninteenagers.Thestudiesshowthatteensaremorelikelytotakerisks（冒险）andbehaveinextremeways.Luckily，thenewsisn'tallnegative.AsbrainscientistB.J.Caseypointsout，theteenbraininspiressuchbehaviorinordertohelpteensprepareforadultlife.Onewaythebraindoesthisisbychangingthewayteenslookatrisksandrewards.Researchersfoundthatwhenteensthinkaboutrewards，theirbrainscreatemorepleasurethananadultbrainwould.Researchersbelievethismakestherewardsseemmoreimportantthantherisks，andmakesteensfeeltheexcitementofnewexperiencesmorekeenlythanadultsdo.Researchintotheteenbrainalsofoundthatitmakessocialconnectionsseemespeciallyrewarding.Assuch，teenshaveastrongneedtomeetnewpeople.Scientistssuggestthisisbecauseasteens，webegintorealizeourfriendsmayonedaycontroltheworldwelivein.Becauseitisstilldeveloping，ateenbraincanchangetodealwithnewsituations.So，itconnectssocialrewardswithmorepleasure.Inthisway，thebrainencouragesteenstohaveawidecircleoffriends，whichisbelievedtomakeusmoresuccessfulinlife.AFinishedBrainUnluckily，thissearchforgreaterrewardscansometimesleadteenstomakebaddecisions.However，italsomeansthatteensaremorelikely，andlessafraid，totrynewthingsortobeindependent.Thescientists'findingssuggestthatinthelongrun，theimpulsesoftheteenbrainarewhathelpteensleavetheirparents'careandlivetheirownlivessuccessfully.（1）Whichofthefollowingaboutadolescent'sbrainistrue？A.Itstopsgrowingalmostattwelve.B.Itisgoingthroughalotofchanges.C.Itdoesmanythingsinaperfectway.D.Itisbetterthananadultbrainwithrules.（2）WhichcouldbethebestheadingforParagraph3，4&5？A.PleasureExplorers.B.BrainResearchers.C.DecisionMakers.D.FuturePlanners.（3）Whatdoestheword"keenly"inParagraph4probablymean？A.Calmly.B.Slowly.C.Strongly.D.Strangely.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Theteenagerbrainsaremorelikelytobedependent.B.Theimpulsesoftheteenbrainmaybenefitteens'growth.C.Theeffectofteens'behaviorinextremewaysisnegative.D.Thehopetocontroltheworldleadsteenstomeetnewpeople.四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。18．（10分）LifeinSpaceHaveyoueverwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketoliveinspace？Themostimportantthingtorememberaboutlivinginspaceisthatthereisnogravity.Thatmeansastronautscan'tdoalotofthingsthatyoudoeasilyinyourdailylife.Forexample，astronautscan'tpour（倒）themselvesacupofjuicethewayyoucan.Why？Becausegravitymakesthejuicepourfromthebottleintoyourcup.Astronautscan'trely（依靠）ongravity.Astronautscan'tlieonbedsandsleepthewayyoudobecausegravityiswhatholdsyoutoyourbed.Sohowdoastronautsliveinspace？Eatinginspaceislikeeatingonearthinsomeways.Foodlikericeandmashed（糊状的）potatoesstickstospoons，soitdoesn'tfloataway.Otherfoodscomeincansorpackages（盒）.Sotheydon'tfloataway，either.Thereisnogravityinspace，soastronautsdonothavetosleeponbedsorthefloor.Theycansleepanywheretheywant，andtheycansleepinanypositiontheywant.Theyusuallyusesleepingbags.Theysimplytietheirsleepingbagstoawall，orabed.Thatway，theydon'tfloataroundandbump（撞）intothingswhiletheyaresleeping.Astronautsareverybusypeople.Theyhavejobstodo，andtheyworkveryhard.Buttheyalsoneedtorelaxsometimes.Astronautsusuallygettotalktotheirfamiliesonavideocallonceaweek.Theyalsogettostayintouchbyemail.Astronautscanbringchessandothergameswiththem.Someevenbringmusicalinstruments.Astronautsalsowatchmoviesandnewsprogrammes.Sometimestheytalktoschoolsandnewsreporters，too.Astronautsmayhavealotofworktodo，buttheyalsofindtimeforfun.（1）What'sthemostimportantthingtorememberaboutlivinginspace？（2）Whydoesn'tfoodlikericeandmashedpotatoesfloataway？（3）Whatdoastronautsusuallyusewhentheysleep？（4）Howoftendoastronautsusuallygettotalktotheirfamilies？（5）Whatdoyouthinkofthelifeinspace？Whydoyouthinkso？五、文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出的内容不计入总词数，提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。19．（5分）假如你是李华，下周你们学校将组织全体同学进行体检。请写一封英文邮件通知你们班交换生Chris，告诉他体检当天集合的时间、地点以及需要提前做的准备。提示词语：healthcheck﹣up；sleep；meal；properclothes提示问题：●Whenandwhereareyougoingtomeet？●WhatshouldChrisdotogetprepared？DearChris，I'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutthecominghealthcheck﹣up..Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanyquestionsorconcerns.Yours，LiHua20．（5分）"世上无难事，只要肯登攀"。我们在学习和生活中都会遇到一些问题，但只要积极面对，努力解决，就一定能克服、某英文网站正在开展以"积极面对问题"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的曾经遇到过的问题是什么，你是怎么解决的，有什么收获。提示词语：fail；askfor；practise；brave提示问题：●Whatwasyourproblem？●Whatdidyoudotosolveit？●Whathaveyoulearnedfromit？Everyonemeetsproblemsinlife..

参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题共12小题，共6分）1．【分析】我爸爸是一位很棒的医生。我为他感到骄傲。【解答】her"她；me"我；them"他们；him"他"。根据前句"我爸爸是一位很棒的医生。"可知，空处应用him"他"。故选：D。【点评】熟知人称代词用法，结合提干信息，给出答案。2．【分析】在我们学校有一个大花园。我们可以在那里种蔬菜。【解答】in在…里面；to朝；on在…上面；with和。固定短语inourschool在我们学校。故选：A。【点评】考查常用介词的辨析，要牢记词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。3．【分析】萨姆能成为一个很好的发明家，因为他很有创造力。【解答】A但是；B因为；C因此；D或者；根据Samcanbeagoodinventor，可知是因为他很有创造力。故选：B。【点评】考查连词辨析，要牢记词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。4．【分析】﹣﹣杰西卡，你能用汉语和人们交谈吗？﹣﹣当然。我现在能流利地说汉语。【解答】A．可以，能够；B．必须；C．应该；D．需要。根据句意：﹣﹣杰西卡，你能用汉语和人们交谈吗？可知此处应选：可以，能够。故选：A。【点评】本题考查情态动词，掌握情态动词的含义及区别，结合语境，得出正确答案。5．【分析】——你多久去看一次你的祖父母，汤姆？——每周末。【解答】A.Howlong多久，提问时段；B.Howmuch多少，提问不可数名词；C.Howoften多久一次，提问频度；D.Howsoon将要多久；根据题干Everyweekend.可知问的是频度。故选：C。【点评】仔细分析句子的结构，根据Everyweekend.结合选项作答。6．【分析】我认为《三只小猪》是书中最有趣的故事之一。【解答】根据题干，可知考查oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最……之一。故选：D。【点评】熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案。7．【分析】我妹妹五年前开始学画画。【解答】根据fiveyearsago，可知时态是一般过去时，用动词过去式started。故选：B。【点评】熟悉一般过去时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。8．【分析】南希从去年开始，在英语上帮助我很多。【解答】根据句中"sincelastyear"可知，此处时态为现在完成时，结构为have/hasdone，主语是Nancy，所以使用hasdone，C项正确。故选：C。【点评】平时应注重积累常见的现在完成时的标志。9．【分析】如果她来北京，我将会带她参观这座城市。【解答】本题考查if引导的条件状语从句，遵循"主将从现"，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选：A。【点评】考查if的用法，结合if引导的条件状语从句的知识点进行作答。10．【分析】当Tina给我打电话时，我正在为我的科学项目制作模型飞机。【解答】根据whenTinacalledme可知主句用过去进行时，结构为：was/were+doing。由于主语是I，故用was。故选：B。【点评】考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。11．【分析】这座桥在2019年被命名为新首钢大桥。【解答】主语Thebridge是动词name的承受者，根据in2019可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是was/were+过去分词。故选：D。【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态和语态准确作答。12．【分析】——你能告诉我网上会议将在什么时候开始吗？——在明天早上8点。【解答】宾语从句要用陈述语序，选项BD是疑问语序，排除选项BD；根据后句句意"在明天早上8点"可知，会议开始是将来的事情，要用一般将来时，选项A是一般过去时，排除选项A。故选：C。【点评】宾语从句要用陈述语序，再根据上下文意思或时间状语，推断出合适的时态，排除错误的答案，然后再比较剩下的选择项，从而做出正确的答案。二、完形填空13．【分析】文章讲述了一个患有脑瘫的学生Amy，经历被同学取笑后，坚强地生活，并以个人经历鼓励了其他和她有同样遭遇的人。【解答】（1）形容词辨析。A.孤单的；B.开心的；C.有希望的；D.生病的。根据后文Sherealizedthatnoteasingcouldevermakeherfeellonelyagain.（她意识到，任何戏弄都不会让她再次感到孤独。）可知，此处是指她感到孤独。故选A。（2）名词辨析。A.礼物；B.星星；C.愿望；D.歌曲。根据后文HethoughtitwouldbenecessaryforthepeopleinFortWaynetohearaboutthisspecialgirlandherunusualwish.（他认为FortWayne的人们有必要听到这个特殊的女孩和她不同寻常的愿望。）可知，此处是指广播里有一个新年愿望比赛。故选C。（3）名词辨析。A.计划；B.机会；C.错误；D.问题。根据Canyouhelpme？（你能帮助我吗？）可知，是指遇到些问题。故选D。（4）动词辨析。A.害怕；B.迷惑；C.打扰；D.伤害。根据becausetheyknewlittleaboutit.（因为他们对它知之甚少。）可知，不知道所以才会感到迷惑。故选B。（5）动词辨析。A.结束；B.蔓延；C.继续；D.发展。根据Mr.Tobincalledupthelocalnewspaper，（Tobin先生打电话给当地的报纸，）可知，联系了当地报纸，所以艾米的故事很快就传开了。故选B。（6）动词辨析。A.错过；B.拒绝；C.支持；D.质问。根据Sherealizedthatnoteasingcouldevermakeherfeellonelyagain.（她意识到，任何戏弄都不会让她再次感到孤独。）可知，是指来自世界各地的两千多人给艾米寄来了友情信件并支持她。故选C。（7）副词辨析。A.粗心地；B.盲目地；C.勇敢地；D.好奇地。根据Manypeople，whohadthesameexperience，thankedAmyforacting（7）tospeakup.（很多有相同经历的人，都感谢艾米勇敢地发声。）可知，此处是指勇敢地发声。故选C。（8）动词辨析。A.得到；B.制作；C.期待；D.描述。根据Amydid（8）herwishofaspecialdaywithoutteasingatherschool.（艾米确实实现了她的愿望，在学校里度过了一个不受取笑的特殊日子。）getone′swish（如愿以偿）。故选A。【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。三、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共26分）14．【分析】文章主要介绍了四个自制礼物，包括酸奶罐蜡地、手印围裙、彩瓶子和"你住过的地方"地图。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文Grandparentsareknowntopreferemotionalgifts，somakingthishandprintapronisawonderfulchoice!（众所周知，祖父母更喜欢情感礼物，所以做这个手印围裙是一个很棒的选择!）可知是Alice建议的。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据原文最后一栏Thissimpleprojectwillhelpyou（orthepersonyougiftitto）rememberalltheplacesyou'vecalledhome.（这个简单的项目将帮助你（或你把它送给的人）记住所有你称之为家的地方）可知。这张地图会让人记住所有住过的地方。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据原文第一栏Recyclethemintotheseshiningwishcandles.（回收它们做成闪亮的许愿蜡烛）可知，酸奶罐蜡烛是由回收材料制成的。故选C。【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。15．【分析】本文主要讲了多年前作者回家时错过了火车，于是搭便车，等了很久都没有人停车，一个名叫Gordon的男人帮助了她，多年后她开车行驶时，发现一个老人在那里等着搭便车，于是作者停下了车帮助了他，最后发现这个人就是当年帮助她的Gordon。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Afterlunch，hehelpedmefindalifthome.（午饭后，他帮我找到了回家的便车。）可知他帮助女孩找到了便车。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Isawanelderlymanstandingintheglaringheat，tryingtohitcharide.IthoughtitwasanotherchancetorepaysomeoneforthefavorI'dbeengivendecadesearlier.（我看到一个老人站在酷热中，试图搭便车。我想这是另一个报答别人几十年前给予我的恩惠的机会。）可知作者为老人提供了便车因为她想回报别人曾经给她的恩惠。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Hethentoldmehewasthemanwhohadgivenmelunchandhelpedmefindaliftallthoseyearsago.ItwasGordon.（然后他告诉我，他就是多年前给我午餐、帮我搭车的那个人。这是Gordon。）推断从本文我们学到的是给予有时会产生好的结果。故选B。【点评】阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。16．【分析】文章主要介绍了服装行业中"拯救你的衣柜"项目的相关信息。【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据HasnaKourdagrewuponanislandinTunisiawherehergrandmothertaughtherthestrongvaluesoflookingafteroldthings.（HasnaKourda在突尼斯的一个小岛上长大，她的祖母在那里教会她打理旧东西的强烈价值观。）可知我们能从第1段中学到：Kourda的家人珍视生活中的旧东西。故选B。（2）段落大意题。根据Kourdaisamongthosewhohopetohelpdothat.Herwayistoencouragepeopletogolookingfornewwaysofusingtheclothingtheyalreadyhaveratherthanbuyingsomethingnew.（Kourda是希望帮助做到这一点的人之一。她的方法是鼓励人们去寻找新的方式来使用他们已经拥有的衣服，而不是购买新的东西。）可知第三段主要介绍了她的公司如何通过"拯救你的衣柜"项目来限制碳排放的。故选A。（3）推理判断题。根据Fromencouragingnewwaysofconsumingclothes，tomakingitpossibleforclothestoberecycledattheendoftheirlife，theclothingworldcouldlookverydifferentbythetimewereach2045.（从鼓励新的消费方式，到让衣服在使用结束时可以回收利用，到2045年，服装世界可能会变得截然不同。）可推断出作者可能会同意：服装行业可能会更环保。故选D。【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。17．【分析】本文主要介绍了科学家对青少年大脑的生理发育的研究。【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据Recentlyscientistsdiscoveredthatonlyduringadolescence（青春期）doourbrainstruly"growup".Duringthistime，theygothroughgreatchanges.（最近，科学家发现，只有在青春期，我们的大脑才能真正"长大"。在这段时间里，他们经历了巨大的变化。）可知，青春期大脑正在经历变化。故选B。（2）推理判断题。根据Thestudiesshowthatteensaremorelikelytotakerisks（冒险）andbehaveinextremeways.（研究表明，青少年更容易冒险，行为更极端。）可知，第三、四、五段主要讲了青少年是快乐的探险家。故选A。（3）词义猜测题。根据Researchersfoundthatwhenteensthinkaboutrewards，theirbrainscreatemorepleasurethananadultbrainwould.（研究人员发现，当青少年想到奖励时，他们的大脑比成年人的大脑创造出更多的快乐。）可知，青少年比成年人对新体验的刺激更加强烈，因此猜测划线单词的含义为"强烈地"。故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据Thescientists'findingssuggestthatinthelongrun，theimpulsesoftheteenbrainarewhathelpteensleavetheirparents'careandlivetheirownlivessuccessfully.（科学家的发现表明，从长远来看，青少年大脑的冲动有助于他们离开父母的照顾，成功地过自己的生活。）可知，青少年大脑的冲动可能有利于他们的成长。故选B。【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。18．【分析】本文主要讲述了太空生活。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Themostimportantthingtorememberaboutlivinginspaceisthatthereisnogravity.（在太空生活最重要的一点是没有重力。）可知，生活在太空中最重要的事情是它没有重力。故填：Itisthatthereisnogravity.（2）细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Foodlikericeandmashedpotatoesstickstospoon