语法专题五介词连词

学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载第五讲介词、介词短语和连词真题自测【2013北京】26.Ihaveanappointment Dr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.A.to B.off C.with D.from【2013福建】29.Mrs.Smithfindsithardtoclearupthemess,asherchildrenarealways______whenevershetriesto.A.inthewayB.onwatchC.insightD.ontheline【2013湖北】30.Anartistwhowasrecentlytravelingonaferrytothesouthernislanddiscovered______alonglostantiqueGreekvase.A.atrandomB.bychanceC.inturnD.onoccasion【2013江苏】26.IamalwaysdelightedwhenIreceiveanemailfromyou.thepartyonJuly1st,Ishallbepleasedtoattend.A.OnaccountofB.InresponsetoC.InviewofD.Withregardto【2013辽宁】25.______everyonehere,Iwishyouapleasantjourneybacktoyourcountry.A.BymeansofB.OnbehalfofC.InsearchofD.Forfearof【2013山东】34.TheSmithsarepraised_______thewaytheybringuptheirchildren.

A.from B.by C.at D.for【2013陕西】24.Themanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompany,andIamsurehewill.A.inparticularB.inturnC.inchargeD.intime【2013新课标II卷】11Aseriousstudyofphysicsisimpossiblesomeknowledgeofmathematics.A.againstB.beforeC.beyondD.without【2013新课标I卷】34.Itwasarealracetimetogettheprojectdone.Luckily,wemadeit. A.over B.by C.for D.against【2013浙江】14.Itwillbeabighelpifyougotothestoreandgetwhatweneedfordinner.______,I’llsetthetable.A.AsaresultB.OnthewholeC.InthemeanwhileD.Asamatteroffact【2013安徽】22.Beforeyoupayavisittoaplaceofinterest,lookinyourlocallibraryabookaboutit.A.on B.atC.forD.to二．考点讲义一、介词和介词短语介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词或代词(相当于名词的其他词类短语或从句)构成介词短语，才能在句中充当某一个成分。介词短语在句中可充当状语，表语，定语及补语等成分。HowIwisheveryfamilyhadalargehousewithabeautifulgarden!Isthisthereasonheexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle,thenewly－electedpresidentishavingahardtime.二、连词连词是用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的一种虚词不能独立担任句子成分。按词义及其句法作用，连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。常见的并列连词有and,but,or,notonly...butalso,yet,either...or...等。常见的从属连词有when,because,if,though,asif,nowthat,until,unless等。IsawBobplaythepianoatJohn'spartyandonthatoccasionhewassimplybrilliant.Notonlyistheteacherhimselfinterestedinfootballbutallhisstudentsarebeginningtoshowaninterestinit.Pleasefollowyoursupervisor'sinstructions,oryou'lloffendhim.一、介词和介词短语在高考试题中对介词的考查主要集中在常见介词搭配中。如：1．for为了；因为Iapologisedtotheteacherformybeinglate.Forsomereason,Irefusedhisinvitation.2．without没有Hecameinwithouthismanager'spermission.Iwouldn'thavefinishedthetaskwithoutyourhelp.3．by借助于某种手段Theoldmanearnedhislivingbysellingfruits.4．over“在正上方(但未接触)；超过”，多表示年龄，距离或跨越一定的高度Youcan'twearabluejacketoverthatshirt.Theplanecanflyoverthemountain.5．beyond超越(界限、范围、限度)，可指时间或程度It'squitebeyondmewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.6．across表示从空间表面上横穿。through表示从人体或物体的内部穿过，也可指抽象意义上的通过。HesuddenlysawMaryacrosstheroom.Hepushedhiswaythroughthecrowdofpeopletogettoher.7．besides“除……之外”，其宾语包括在内。except“除了”，其宾语不包括在内。exceptfor强调整体中的细节，前后事物不属于同类。but常和except互换，强调不在其中。butfor“要不是”，往往用在虚拟语气的含蓄条件句中。Besidesflowers,thepupilssenttheirteacheranicegreetingcardforherbirthday.Thearticleisverygoodexceptforsomespellingmistakes.二、连词对连词的考查，近年高考主要集中在对从属连词和并列连词的考查上。对从属连词的考查主要集中在对其在不同从句中的不同用法的考查；对并列连词的考查主要集中在对其连接并列成分的用法以及特点上。1．并列连词(1)and,or和butImustworkhard,orI'llfailinthecontest.Makeupyourmind,andyou'llgetthechance.—Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?—I'dliketo,butI'mtoobusy.(2)notonly...but(also),aswellas不但……而且Sheplaysnotonlythepiano,but(also)theguitar.Notonlydoeshelikereadingstories,butalsohecanevenwritesome.(3)neither...nor“既不……也不……”；both...and...“两者都”；either...or...“不是……就是……”Neitheryounorheistoblame. EitheryouorIamright.(4)not...but...不是……而是……Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,butthebonesofahumanbeing. (5)for因为Heisabsenttoday,forheisill.注意：for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。(6)so,therefore因此Hehurthisleg,sohecouldn'tplayinthegame.2.从属连词主要应用在各种状语从句中。三．考点强化【2012全国卷II】⒗100℃isthetemperature___whichwaterwillboil. A.for B.at C.on D.of【2012安徽】25.Youcanchangeyourjob,youcanmovehouse,butfriendshipismeanttobelife.A.ofB.onC.toD.for【2012北京】34.Doyouthinkthisshirtistootight____theshoulders?A.at B.on C.to D.across【2012福建】26.Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals______allitscitizens.A.inchargeofB.forthepurposeofC.inhonorofD.forthebenefitof【2012福建】33.Nothingissoeasyas____parentstoraisetheirexpectationsoftheirchildrentoohigh.A.ofB.toC.byD.for【2012陕西】11.Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare_____it.A.againstB.forC.toD.with【2012辽宁】27.TheWellHotelstandsinaquietplace______themainroadatthefarendofthelake.A.toB.forC.offD.out【2012四川】14.Thistrainingprogramcangiveyoualiftatwork,____increaseyourincomeby40%.A.aswellasB.solongasC.somuchasD.assoonas【2012浙江】6.______alltheanimalsI’veeverhad,thesetwodogsarethemostsensitivetothespokenword.A.FromB.OfC.ForD.With2011-介词1.（2011·湖北卷）30.Whenaskedabouttheiropinionabouttheschoolmaster,manyteacherswouldprefertoseehimstepasideyoungermen.A.intermsofB.inneedofC.infavorofD.inpraiseof2.（2011·全国II）14.Thisshopwillbeclosedforrepairs______furthernotice.A.withB.untilC.forD.at3.（2011·四川卷）8.Nick,it’sgoodforyoutoreadsomebooks__________Chinabeforeyoustartyourtripthere.A.inB.forC.ofD.on4.（2011·北京卷）35.Withnewtechnology,picturesofunderwatervalleyscanbetakencolor.A.byB.forC.withD.in5.（2011·天津卷）11.Hewasagoodstudentandscored_________averageinmostsubjects.A.belowB.ofC.onD.above6.（2011·江苏卷）32．We’dbetterdiscusseverything_______beforeweworkouttheplan.A．indetailB．ingeneralC．onpurposeD．ontime7.（2011·全国新课标卷）30．Theformcannotbesignedbyanyoneyourself.A.ratherthanB.otherthanC.morethanD.betterthan8.（2011·浙江卷）5.IalwayswantedtodothejobwhichI'dbeentrained.A.onB.forC.byD.of9.（2011·安徽卷）25.Sometimesproperanswersarenotfartoseek______foodsafetyproblem.A.inB.toC.onD.after10.（2011·山东卷）30.I’msorryIdidn’tphoneyou,butI’vebeenverybusy_____thepastcoupleofweeks. A.beyond B.with C.among D.over11.（2011·重庆卷）24.Shirley,arealbooklover,oftenbringshomemanybookstoread__________thelibrary.A.inB.forC.byD.from12.（2011·福建卷）22.goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.A.FarfromB.ApartfromC.insteadofD.Regardlessof2010介词1.（北京卷）.Wouldyoumindnotpickingtheflowersinthegarden?Theyareeveryone'senjoyment.A.inB.atC.forD.to2.（湖北卷）.Itisillegalforapublicofficialtoaskpeopleforgiftsormoney____favorstothem.A.inpreferencetoB.inplaceofC.inagreementwithD.inexchangefor3.（江苏卷）.Sofarwehavedonealottobuildalow-carboneconomy,butitis________ideal.Wehavetoworkstillharder.A.nexttoB.farfromC.outofD.dueto4.（江西卷）.Wegivedogstime,spaceandlovewecanspare,and,dogsgiveustheirall.A.inall B.infact C.inshort D.inreturn5.（江西卷）.Nowadayssomehospitalsrefertopatientsname,notcasenumber.A.of B.as C.by D.with6.（ 天津卷）Myfatherwarnedme____goingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowedwithtourists.A.byB.onC.forD.against7.（重庆卷）.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon’thaveenoughmoneyme.A.byB.forC.inD.with8.（福建卷）.Moreandmorehighrisebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesspace.A.insearchofB.inplaceofC.forlackofD.forfearof9.（辽宁卷）.Iagreetohissuggestion______theconditionthathedropsallcharges.A.byB.inC.onD.to10.（四川卷）.Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisbackabigtree.A.inB.belowC.besideD.against11.（浙江卷）.Iguesswe'vealreadytalkedaboutthisbeforebutI'llaskyouagainjust__.A.bynatureB.inreturnC.incaseD.bychance12.（上海卷）Seanhasformedthehabitofjoggingthetree-linedavenuefortwohourseveryday.A.betweenB.alongC.belowD.with2009介词1.（北京卷29）Thewineindustryintheareahasdevelopedinaspecialway,____littleforeignownership.

A.by

B.of

C.with

D.from2.（天津卷10）Theartshowwas_______beingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.

A.farfrom

B.alongwith

C.nextto

D.regardlessof3.（江苏卷30）Thisspecialschoolacceptsalldisabledstudents,

__educationallevelandbackground.A.accordingto

B.regardlessof

C.inadditionto

D.intermsof4.（江西卷26）ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.

A.init

B.in

C.inthat

D.inwhich5.（辽宁卷32）Childrenneedfriends

theirownagetoplaywith.Aof

Bfor

Cin

Dat6.（山东卷33）Itsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealot_______easyreach.A.near

B.upon

C.within

D.around7.（全国卷II13）Jennynearlymissedtheflight______doingtoomuchshopping.

A.asaresultof

B.ontopof

C.infrontof

D.inneedof8.(湖北卷29)You’dsoundalotmorepoliteifyoumakearequest

aquestion.A.insearchof

B.intheformof

C.inneedof

D.inthedirectionof9.(湖北卷30)Hiseffortstoraisemoneyforhisprogramwere

becausenooneshowedanyintentiontotakeacentoutoftheirpockets.A.inplace

B.insight

C.ineffect

D.invain10（四川卷6）Agreatpersonisalwaysputtingothers’interests_________hisown.A.below

B.above

C.in

D.on11.（全国卷I34）Everybodywastouched

wordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.A.beyond

B.withoutC.of

D.in（福建卷23）-Howamazingitisthatastronautsareexploringouterspace!-It’sachallenge,Iguess,

managainstnature.

of

B.for

C.by

D.about13.(湖南卷22）MostAmericanswouldprefertokeeptheirproblems

themselves,andsolvetheirproblems______themselves.

A.to;by

B.by;to

C.for;to

D.in;on

14.（陕西卷8）Heinvitedmetoadanceaftertheshow

ChristmasEve.

Aat

B

on

C

in

D

by15.（重庆卷21）Tryonthisredskirt;youwilllookgreat_____it.A.on

B.by

C.in

D.for四．句子翻译

一些人破门设法从失火的房子里逃了出来。（escape

from;

by

doing

sth）

上一次考试考砸了之后，那个男孩向父母许诺今后会努力学习。(After

doing…)

我在小学的时候就认识他----

事实上我们那时在同一个年级。（as

a

matter

of

fact）

德兰修女(Mother

Teresa)

把自己毕生的精力都倾注在照顾穷苦人之上。（devote

…to…）

有好几个商店，你可以在那里买你想买的东西。。（介词+which）

约翰要给捡到他钱包的出租司机一百元作为酬劳。（reward;

wallet;

who）五．完成句子11.Don’tflythekitewhenthethunderstorm__________________________(似乎快要来临)(appear)12.___________________________(保护环境)doesn’tmeanfarmers’cropshavetogowithoutprotection.(protect)13.Sheexplainedtothevillagepeople________________________________(照看树林是多重要)(how)14.__________________________(尽管)NewZealandissofaraway,tieshaveexcitedbetweenthetwonationsfromearlyon.(fact)15.It’sonlyatwohours’bicycleridefromthecitycentretothecottage

________________________(举行联欢会的).(hold)16.Helen_______________________________(挣扎着站起来)afterthestrugglewithtworobbers.(struggle)17.Theball__________________________________(不得不取消)becauseofthestorm.(call)18.ThedoctoradvisedJanethat________________________________________(她应多锻炼)(exercise).19.___________________________(追溯到)theQinDynasty,thetraditionalXiangshengshowisstilloneofthemainChineseartformstoentertainpeople.(date)20.___________________________(均衡的饮食)shouldincludetherightamountofnutrientsfromallthedifferentfoodgroups.(balance)六．单词拼写41．Thatflyingschoolgraduatesahundredp______everyyear.

42．FatherC

willgivethechildrensomepresentsduringthenight.

43．EdisonwasagreatAmericani

44．Imusta_______fornothavingbeenabletowritetoyousooner.45．Twohundreds_____bicycleswerereturnedtotheirownerslastmonth.

46.WhenIgothomeaftertheholidaytherewerealotofm______inmyphone.47.G_____speaking,parentscaremoreabouttheirchildren'shealththanabouttheirown.

48.Ican'ttellonefromtheotherbecausetheyareonlys________different.

49.Therehasbeena50%growthinthem____forpersonalcomputers.

50.Thankyouforo______tohelp,butIcanmanageitmyself.七．词汇回顾重点短语:1. asamatteroffact事实上2. blowup使充气；爆炸3. stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人干某事4. cometopower当权；上台5. setup6. introuble7. loseheart8. worryabout9. outofwork10. put…inprison11. realizeone’sdreamof重点单词:1. qualityn.质量2. willingadj.乐意的3. principlen.法则；原理4. fightvt.&vi.打仗;搏斗5. peacefuladj.和平的6. prisonern.囚犯7. advisevt.劝告；忠告8. continuevt.继续9. voten.投票vt.&vi.投票；选票10. positionn.位置；职位11. acceptvt.接受；认可vi.同意：承认12. violence13. equal14. degree15. educated16. terror17. fear18. cruelty19. reward20. criminal21. president22. sentence23. sincerely八．阅读Modernmanhasclearedtheforestsforfarmlandandforwood,andhasalsocarelesslyburnedthem.Morethanthat,though,hehasalsointerferedwiththeinvisiblebondsbetweenthelivingthingsintheforests.Therearemanyexamplesofthiskindofdestruction.Theharmfulnessofman’sinterferencecanbeseeninwhathappenedmanyyearsagointheforestofthe