湖北省武汉市江岸区2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

江岸区20232024学年度第二学期期末质量检测高二英语试题(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthewomandoyesterday?A.Sheplayedfootball.B.Shewatchedagame.C.Sheworkedinthelab.2.WhereisJohn’sfather?A.Inthediningroom.B.Inthelivingroom.C.Inthegarden.3.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthecourse?A.Itistough,B.Itisbad.C.Itiseasy.4.Whenwillthemanleavefortheairport?A.At2:30pm.B.At4:30pmC.At6:30pm.5.Howwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.Bybicycle,B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anactivityholiday.B.Theirhobbies.C.Theteamworkspirit.7.Whatdidthewomangetaprizefor?A.Climbing.B.Walking.C.Sailing.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebook?A.Itisboring.B.Itisstimulating.C.Itisserious.9.Whowrotethebook?A.LoriGottlieb.B.AaronEsterson.C.ErikErikson.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Readthebook.B.Remendthebook.C.Findsomeonetoconsult.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatisthewomandoinginSydney?A.Traveling.B.Studying.C.Teaching.12.Whatispurposeofthecourse?A.Toevaluatestudentsreadingdifficulty.B.Toenhanceteachers’readingtechniques.C.Toimproveteachers’abilitytoteachreading.13.Whydoesthewomanchoosethecourse?A.Itismultitask.B.Itiscosteffective.C.Itistimeconsuming.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Trainerandtrainee.B.Bossandadvisor,C.Hostandguest.15.Whydoesthewomanmentionlosingweight?A.Toshowhowtoachieveagoal.B.Tostresstheimportanceofhealthyfood.C.Toexpressherwishtoimproveherhealth.16.Whatcanfriendsdotohelpingoalsetting?A.Findproblems.B.Tellthetruth.C.Givesupport.17.Whatmakesmostpeopledobadlyatreachinggoals?A.Failingtokeepfocused.B.Havingmanymissions.C.Losingtheirway.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatmadeChaiLingethisfirstbike?A.Hisownefforts.B.Hisfamily’shelp.C.Hissuccessfulbusiness.19.Whatisthemuseumintendedfor?A.Education.B.Fame.C.Recreation.20.WhatdoesChaiLinexpecttodo?A.Collectmoreantiques.B.Producenewbrandbikes.C.Expandtheexhibitionarea.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A“Thedaysthatmakeushappymakeuswise.”—JohnMasefieldWhenIfirstreadthislinebyEngland’sPoetLaureate,itstartledme.WhatdidMasefieldmean?Withoutthinkingaboutitmuch,Ihadalwaysassumedthattheoppositewastrue.Buthiscalmassurancewasarresting.Icouldnotforgetit.Finally,Iseemedtograsphismeaningandrealizedthatherewasaprofoundobservation.Thewisdomthathappinessmakespossibleliesinclearperception,notfoggedbyanxietynordimmedbydespairandboredom,andwithouttheblindspotscausedbyfear.Activehappinessnotmoresatisfactionorcontentment—oftenessuddenly,likeanAprilshowerortheunfoldingofabud.Thenyoudiscoverwhatkindofwisdomhasacpaniedit.Thegrassisgreener;birdsongsaresweeter;theshortingsofyourfriendsaremoreunderstandableandmoreforgivable.Happinessislikeapairof,eyeglassescorrectingyourspiritualvision.Noraretheinsightsofhappinesslimitedtowhatisneararoundyou.Unhappy,withyourthoughtsturnedinuponyouremotionalsadness,yourvisioniscutshortasthoughbyawall.Happy,thewallcrumbles.Thelongvista(展望)istherefortheseeing.Thegroundatyourfeet,theworldaboutyoupeople,thoughts,emotions,pressures—arenowfittedintothelargerscene.Everythingassumesafairerproportion.Andhereisthebeginningofwisdom.1.Whatwastheauthor’sinitialreactiontothelineinthe1stparagraph?A.Deepagreement. B.Casualness. C.Shock. D.pleteconfusion.2.Whatdoestheauthorbelievehappinessbringsintermsofwisdom?A.Areductioninfearandanxiety.B.Pessimisticexpectationsforthefuture.C.Discontentandplaintsaboutlife.D.Anunclearunderstandingofthesurroundingworld.3.Whentheauthormentions“thewallcrumbles,”whatdoeshereferto?A.Aphysicalobstacledisappears.B.Emotionaldistressandtroublesfadeaway.C.Fearsandworriesaboutthefuturedecrease.D.Thepursuitofhappinessbeeseasier.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要表达了作者对JohnMasefield说的“使我们快乐的日子使我们聪明”这句话的理解和感悟。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhenIfirstreadthislinebyEngland’sPoetLaureate,itstartledme.(当我第一次读到这位英国桂冠诗人这句话时，我大吃一惊。)”可知，当作者第一次读到这句话时，他感到很吃惊，故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thewisdomthathappinessmakespossibleliesinclearperception,notfoggedbyanxietynordimmedbydespairandboredom,andwithouttheblindspotscausedbyfear.(快乐带来的智慧在于清晰的感知，而不是被焦虑所模糊，被绝望和无聊所模糊，也没有恐惧造成的盲点。)”可知，快乐带来的智慧在于清楚地感知，而不是被焦虑、绝望和无聊所模糊，故作者认为快乐带来的智慧能减少焦虑和恐惧，故选A。【3题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线句前文的内容“Unhappy,withyourthoughtsturnedinuponyouremotionalsadness,yourvisioniscutshortasthoughbyawall.(不高兴的话，你的思想就转变成了情绪悲伤，那么你的视野就像被一堵墙阻隔了。)”可知，划线句前文提到，如果你不高兴的话，你的思想就转变为悲伤的情绪，故此处“Happy,thewallcrumbles.(高兴的话，这面墙就塌了。)”与前文的内容相对，如果你高兴的话，那些由不高兴带来的情绪困扰就会消失，故选B。BIwritethisonaspringmorning,inthevanIhavecalledhomefortwoyearsnow.Fromonesmallwindow,IhaveaviewofjoggerspoundingthesunnypathbytheOxfordCanal,andtheotherlooksontothebusyrailwaylinealongwhichtrainstravelfromSouthamptonDockstoBirmingham.ThewoodswhereI’veparkedmyvanhavegrownupbetweenthem.Thisancientvan,avehicledesignedforfreedomandtheopenroad,hasprovedastablesolutionforsurvivingthecurrenthousingcrisis.Ibecameatravelwriteraftermystudiesended,mittingtobrief“residencies”withmuseumsandartcentres—wheretemporaryacmodationisoftenprovidedinexchangeforproducingnewworkaboutamunity.Overtheyearsthatfollowed,livingandworkingonlocationinthepolarregionsorScandinaviaortheAlps,notsettlingdownforverylong,meantwhereverIlandedwasalways“home”.Duringthepandemicitwasnecessarytoadoptamorepermanentengagementwithlocality.Oxfordhadoftendrawnmeback.It’sacrossroadsofrealityandtheimagination,theperfectcityforawriter.Ittakesasurprisingamountofworktokeepatinyhomeinorder:buyingausedvanonline;ensuringthesmoothrunningofagascookerandcarbatteries;fetchingwaterandemptyingthemobiletoilet.Ibegantoenjoytakingcareofmyimmediatesurroundings.Overthesummer,Iworkedtoturnwastegroundintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.Imadefriendswiththeselfsufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeonthelowcarbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.I’velearntthatfortcanbefoundawayfromthebrightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthewoodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.4.Whatdothejoggersandtherailwaylinerepresentintheauthor’sview?A.Twosourcesofinspirationforwriting.B.Twoobstaclestotheauthor’sdailylife.C.Twoplacestheauthorvisitsregularly.D.Twowaystheauthortravelsaround.5.Whatdoes“immediatesurroundings”inParagraph6referto?A.ausedvan B.agascooker C.awildgarden D.amobiletoilet6.Whatdoestheauthorenjoymostabouthislivingstyle?A.Drivinghisvanarounddifferentplaces.B.Transformingthewastegroundintoagarden.C.Theopportunitytomeetnewfriends.D.Thesenseofacplishmentandselfreliance.7.Whichofthefollowingisthemainbenefitofunconventionalhousing?A.Providingtemporaryshelter. B.Keepingatinyhomeinordereasily.C.Embracingdelightfulsurprises. D.Allowingformobilityandflexibility.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为旅行作家以面包车为家的体验和感受。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Fromonesmallwindow,IhaveaviewofjoggerspoundingthesunnypathbytheOxfordCanal,andtheotherlooksontothebusyrailwaylinealongwhichtrainstravelfromSouthamptonDockstoBirmingham.(从一扇小窗户看出去，我可以看到慢跑者在牛津运河边的阳光明媚的小路上奔跑，另一扇窗户则可以看大从南安普顿码头到伯明翰的繁忙的铁路线。)”以及第五段“Oxfordhadoftendrawnmeback.It’sacrossroadsofrealityandtheimagination,theperfectcityforawriter.(牛津经常把我吸引回去。这是现实和想象的十字路口，是作家完美的城市。)”可知，作者可以看到慢跑者在牛津运河上奔跑，牛津是现实和想象的十字路口，是适合作家的完美城市，故作者将慢跑者和铁路线看作是写作的两条灵感线，故选A。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第六段画线短语immediatesurroundings后文的内容“Overthesummer,Iworkedtoturnwastegroundintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.(整个夏天，我努力把荒地变成野生花园，用野生植物代替杂草。)”可知，此处的划线短语immediatesurroundings(面包车周围的环境)指的是后文提到的awildgarden，故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Imadefriendswiththeselfsufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeonthelowcarbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.I’velearntthatfortcanbefoundawayfromthebrightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthewoodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.(我和住在附近的自给自足的船夫交上了盆友，他们总是准备好与我们分享无电低碳生活的知识。我了解到：舒适可以从明亮的城市生活基础设施中找到：在黎明时分，看着在树上筑巢的鸟和在树林里玩耍的狐狸，在春天的早晨泡一杯咖啡。我远离传统住房是个人经济状况的必要行为，但好处包括从不想当然，以及意想不到的快乐。)”可推知，关于自己的生活方式，作者最喜欢的就是在基础设施中找到舒适的成就感以及自己依靠自己的满足感，故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.(我远离传统住房是个人经济状况的必要行为，但好处包括从不想当然，以及意想不到的快乐。)”可知，住在面包车这种非传统住房里可以随时拥抱令人愉快的惊喜，故选C。CNotallbirdssing,butseveralthousandspeciesdo.Theysingtodefendtheirterritoryandcroon(柔声唱)toimpresspotentialmates.“Whybirdssingisrelativelywellanswered,”saysIrisAdam,abehavioralneuroscientist.However,thebigquestionforherwaswhybirdssingsomuch.“Assoonasyousing,yourevealyourself,”Adamsays.“Like,whereyouareandwhereyourterritoryis.”InanewstudypublishedinthejournalNaturemunications,Adamandhercoworkersofferanewexplanationforwhybirdstakethatrisk.Theymayhavetosingaloteverydaytogivetheirvocal(发声的)musclestheregularexercisetheyneedtoproducetopqualitysongs.Tofigureoutwhetherthemusclesthatproducebirdsongsrequiredailyexercise,AdamdesignedanexperimentonzebrafinchesthelittleAustraliansongbirds.Shepreventedthemfromsingingforaweekbykeepingtheminthedarkcagealmostaroundtheclock.Lightiswhatgalvanizesthebirdstosing,soshehadtoworktokeepthemfromwarbling(鸣叫).“Thefirsttwoorthreedays,it’squiteeasy,”shesays.“Butthelongertheexperimentgoes,themoretheyarelike,“Ineedtosing.““.Atthatpoint,she’dtapthecageandtellthemtostopsinging.Afteraweek,thebirds’singingmuscleslosthalftheirstrength.ButAdamwonderedwhetherthatimpactedthequalityofsongs.Whensheplayedamale’ssongbeforeandafterthesevendaysofdarkness,shecouldn’thearadifference.ButwhenAdamplayedittoagroupoffemalebirds,sixoutofninepreferredthesongthatcamefromamalewho’dbeenusinghissingingmusclesdaily.Adam’sconclusionshowsthat“songbirdsneedtoexercisetheirvocalmusclestoproducetopperformancesongs.Iftheydon’tsing,theyloseperformance,andtheirsongsgetlessattractivetofemales.”Thismayhelpexplainsongbirds’continuoussinging.It’sagoodruletoliveby,whetheryou’reabirdorahumanpracticemakesperfect,atleastwhenitestosingingone’sheartout.8.AccordingtoIrisAdam,birdssingsomuchto____________.A.warnotherbirdsofrisks B.producemoresongsC.performperfectlyinsinging D.defendtheirterritory9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“galvanizes”inParagraph3mean?A.Prepares. B.Stimulates. C.Forbids. D.Frightens.10.WhydidAdamconductanexperimentonzebrafinches?A.Tounderstandtheirmatingbehavior.B.Tostudytheirsingingpatterns.C.Totesttheeffectsofdarknessontheirsingingmuscles.D.Toanalyzethequalityoftheirsongs.11.Whatistheoverallmessageofthepassage?A.Singingisbeneficialforthosethatdo.B.Zebrafinchesareforstudyingsingingpatterns.C.Singingisariskforbirds,buttheyhaveto.D.Songbirdsneedtosingregularlyforattraction.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于为什么鸟唱得这么多歌的研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theymayhavetosingaloteverydaytogivetheirvocal(发声的)musclestheregularexercisetheyneedtoproducetopqualitysongs.(它们可能每天都要唱很多歌，让它们的声带肌肉得到定期锻炼，从而创作出高质量的歌曲)”可知，亚当认为鸟儿每天都要唱很多歌，是为了更加完美地演唱。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中上文“Shepreventedthemfromsingingforaweekbykeepingtheminthedarkcagealmostaroundtheclock(她把它们关在黑暗的笼子里，整整一个星期不让它们唱歌)”和下文“soshehadtoworktokeepthemfromwarbling(所以她不得不努力防止它们鸣叫)”可知，光是刺激鸟儿歌唱的东西，所以她必须努力不让它们鸣叫，她把它们关在黑暗的笼子里。由此可知，划线词的含义为“刺激”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据以及第五段的“Adam’sconclusionshowsthat“songbirdsneedtoexercisetheirvocalmusclestoproducetopperformancesongs.Iftheydon’tsing,theyloseperformance,andtheirsongsgetlessattractivetofemales.”(亚当的结论表明，“鸣禽需要锻炼它们的声乐肌肉才能创作出顶级的歌曲。如果它们不唱歌，它们就会失去表演能力，它们的歌曲对雌性的吸引力也会降低。”)

”可知，Adam进行这个实验的目的是为了测试黑暗对鸟儿歌唱肌肉的影响，进而探究鸟类歌唱肌肉是否需要日常锻炼来保持其性能。由此可推知，这是实验的目的是为了研究鸟儿们的唱歌模式。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是最后一段“It’sagoodruletoliveby,whetheryou’reabirdorahumanpracticemakesperfect,atleastwhenitestosingingone’sheartout.(这是一条很好的生活规则，无论你是一只鸟还是一个人，实践都是完美的，至少在唱歌时是如此)”可知，文章主要探讨了为什么鸟类会频繁地歌唱，尽管这可能会暴露它们的位置，带来风险。通过实验发现，鸟类的歌唱肌肉如果不经常使用，会失去一半的力量，而且歌唱的质量会下降，对雌性鸟的吸引力也会减少。文章最后总结到，无论是鸟类还是人类，练习都是完美的关键，至少在倾诉心声的歌唱方面是如此。A项“唱歌对唱歌的人有益。”符合语境，强调了练习和实践的重要性。故选A。DWemayweepforthedodo,butcouldandshouldwebringthislovelybirdbackfromthedead?Deextinctionisthescienceofrestoringlostspeciesandithasbeeninthenewsfordecades.Thestoryinmoderntimesbeganin1990whenMichaelCrichtonpublishedhissciencefictionnovelJurassicPark,inwhichheimaginedaworldwherescientistswereabletobringdinosaursbacktolife.Crichtonimaginedthatpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)technologycouldbeawaytoamplify(放大)tinyquantitiesofdinosaurDNAandthusbuildalivingembryo.Sadly,biologistssoonrealizedthatDNAinfactbreaksdownsuperfast;evenafter10oyears,DNAfrommuseumskinsofdodoswasdecayed(腐烂)beyondrepair.Theycouldbesequenced(测定序列)usingmassiveputationalpower,butthenonlywithconsiderableuncertainty.AndevenifyoucaptureaDNAsequence,there’sstilltheproblemofhowyougetlivingcellstoreadthatsequenceandexpressproteinsthatmakethedinosaurorthedodo.Butwhywouldanyonewanttoseemammothsorsomethinglikethem,roaming(漫游)presentdaySiberia?Well,theywereundoubtedlyamazingbeasts.Aswellashuntingthem,ourdistantancestorspaintedtheirlikenessesincavesacrossEurope.Fascinatingastheymaybe,there’ssomeecologicaljustificationfortheprojecttoo.Itwasthisdiversityoflandsurface,brokenupbyheavylimbsandrandomlyfertilizedbyfaeces(排泄物),thatsupportedsomuchflora(植物群).Withoutthemammoths,thatdiversitydisappeared.Returnthemandlandscapeswouldonceagainbewithavarietyofspecies,includingflowersandbushes.True,it’snotdeextinctioninthesenseofbringingalongdeadspeciesbacktolife.Insteadit’smorelikemakinga“dodo”byengineeringamodernpigeon,itsclosestrelative,tobeehugeandflightless.Theresultwouldbeabig,fattypigeonthat,whetheritlookedlikeadodoornot,wouldprobablyfulfillsomeofitsecologicalroles.Asapaleontologist,Iwouldofcourselovetoseelivingdinosaurs,mammothsanddodos.Insomeways,though,Iamrelievedthattheoptimisticclaimsforcloningandgenetictechnologieshavenotbeenborneout.Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsidertheoutes—andhopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton’smorefeveredimaginings.12.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Asciencefictionreview. B.ThedevelopmentofDNA.C.Aninspiredguessofdeextinction. D.TheapplicationofPCRtechnology.13.Whyarepeopleinterestedincloningextinctspecies?A.Theyexpecttoseekhuntfun. B.Theylacksourcesofmodernart.C.Theywanttoseebiodiversity. D.Theyneedthemforresearch.14.Whatdoestheslowdownincloningandgenetictechnologiesallowtheauthortodo?A.Witnessthebirthofcloneddinosaurs.B.AvoidMichaelCrichton’simaginings,C.Stoptheprogressofgeneticengineering.D.Considerthepotentialoutesofthesetechnologies.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardcloningextinctspecies?ACautious. B.Unclear. C.Dismissive. D.Approving.【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要探讨了复活动物灭绝物种（如渡渡鸟、猛犸象）的科学可能性与生态意义，虽然技术挑战重重，但若成功，或将恢复生态系统多样性。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Thestoryinmoderntimesbeganin1990whenMichaelCrichtonpublishedhissciencefictionnovelJurassicPark,inwhichheimaginedaworldwherescientistswereabletobringdinosaursbacktolife.Crichtonimaginedthatpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)technologycouldbeawaytoamplify(放大)tinyquantitiesofdinosaurDNAandthusbuildalivingembryo.(现代的故事始于1990年，当时迈克尔·克莱顿出版了他的科幻小说《侏罗纪公园》，他在小说中想象了一个科学家能够让恐龙复活的世界。克莱顿设想聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术可以扩增少量恐龙DNA，从而构建活胚胎)”可知，这一段主要讲述了由迈克尔·克莱顿的小说《侏罗纪公园》引发的对灭绝物种复活的想象，特别是PCR技术可能用于放大恐龙DNA并构建活胚胎的想法。因此，这段文字主要关于对灭绝物种复活的启发性猜测。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Fascinatingastheymaybe,there’ssomeecologicaljustificationfortheprojecttoo.(尽管它们可能很吸引人，但该项目也有一些生态方面的理由)”以及第五段“Itwasthisdiversityoflandsurface,brokenupbyheavylimbsandrandomlyfertilizedbyfaeces(排泄物),thatsupportedsomuchflora(植物群).Withoutthemammoths,thatdiversitydisappeared.Returnthemandlandscapeswouldonceagainbewithavarietyofspecies,includingflowersandbushes.(正是这种陆地表面的多样性，被沉重的四肢分解，并被粪便随机受精，支撑了如此多的植物群。没有长毛象，这种多样性就消失了。归还它们，景观将再次出现各种各样的物种，包括花朵和灌木)”可知，人们对克隆灭绝物种感兴趣主要是因为它们能够促进生物多样性的恢复。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Insomeways,though,Iamrelievedthattheoptimisticclaimsforcloningandgenetictechnologieshavenotbeenborneout.Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsidertheoutes—andhopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton’smorefeveredimaginings.(不过，在某些方面，我感到欣慰的是，对克隆和遗传技术的乐观主张没有得到证实。经济放缓给了我们时间来考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔·克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象)”可推知，技术的放慢使作者有时间考虑这些技术的后果，并避免一些过于狂热的想象。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据整篇文章的语境，尤其是最后一段的“Insomeways,though,Iamrelievedthattheoptimisticclaimsforcloningandgenetictechnologieshavenotbeenborneout.Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsidertheoutes—andhopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton’smorefeveredimaginings.(过，在某些方面，我感到欣慰的是，对克隆和遗传技术的乐观主张没有得到证实。经济放缓给了我们时间来考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔·克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象)”可知，技术的放慢使作者有时间考虑这些技术的后果，并避免一些过于狂热的想象。由此可推知，作者对于克隆灭绝物种持谨慎态度。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereareseveralupsanddownsineveryone’slife.Nomatterhowstronganindividualis,thereisusuallyatimewhenhefindstheneedofsomeoneencouraginghimtomeetthechallenges.____16____Thatmaymakehimfeelthepowerandtheenergytodealwithallsortsofnegativityinlife.Thepowerofmotivationisbeyondexplanation.However,theperson,whobenefitsfromit,understandsitsimportanceinstantlyhehearsit.____17____Thefactisthatthereexiststhegapbetweenthespeechofanexpertandthatoftheaverage.AndprobablythereasonistheexperienceofalifecoachindealingwiththelifeofcountlesspeopleontheEarthinhisentirecareer.____18____Orrather,whateverhesaysoradvisesisnotonlytheoutputofthewordsonthepage,butalsowhathehaslearnedfromthelivesofpeoplearound.Itishisreallifeexperiencethatheusestoimprovethelivesofotherpeopleontheglobe.Havingmetcountlesspeoplethroughoutthecareer,thelifecoachbeesusedtotheproblems.____19____So,hiseverysuggestiongoesstraight,touchestheheartandincreasestheenergyofalistener,andeventuallyhelpsthemaddressdifferentproblemsinlife.Ifyouthinksuchspeechesaremerewordsandsentences,youareabsolutelywrong.Butactuallytheyarethemagicalwordsthatbringagreatchangeinthelifeofdisappointedandannoyedpeopleontheglobe.Withsuchspeeches,lifecoachesdigouttheproblemsthatthelistenerisfacinginlife.____20____A.Sometimes,itisnotdifficulttodefineanexpert.B.Inparticular,aspeechfromanexpertismotivational.C.Theknowledgeofanexpertisnotlimitedtothebooks.D.Especiallywhen1stuckindilemma,youreallyfeelhelpless.E.Besides,heknowswhatkindofsolutionswillprovethebest.F.Andtheyalsofindtherootcausetoeupwithafinalsolution.G.Ifyouthinkanyonecandeliversuchaspeech,youmightbewrong.【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。每个人都有需要他人鼓励的时候，这时生活导师能帮到我们。文章主要介绍生活导师是如何让听众有动力的。【16题详解】根据上文“Thereareseveralupsanddownsineveryone’slife.Nomatterhowstronganindividualis,thereisusuallyatimewhenhefindstheneedofsomeoneencouraginghimtomeetthechallenges.(每个人的生活都有好几次起起落落。无论一个人有多强大，通常都会有一段时间，他发现需要有人鼓励他迎接挑战)”可知，每个人都有需要他人鼓励的时候。B项“Inparticular,aspeechfromanexpertismotivational.(特别是，专家的演讲具有激励作用)”符合题意，选项是对上文的递进，其中motivational呼应上文encouraging。故选B。【17题详解】根据下文“Thefactisthatthereexiststhegapbetweenthespeechofanexpertandthatoftheaverage.AndprobablythereasonistheexperienceofalifecoachindealingwiththelifeofcountlesspeopleontheEarthinhisentirecareer.(事实是，专家的演讲和普通人的演讲之间存在着差距。原因可能是一个人生导师在他的整个职业生涯中处理过地球上无数人的生活)”可知，并非人人都能发表激励他人的演讲。G项“Ifyouthinkanyonecandeliversuchaspeech,youmightbewrong.(如果你认为任何人都能发表这样的演讲，那你可能错了)”符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】根据下文“Orrather,whateverhesaysoradvisesisnotonlytheoutputofthewordsonthepage,butalsowhathehaslearnedfromthelivesofpeoplearound.Itishisreallifeexperiencethatheusestoimprovethelivesofotherpeopleontheglobe.(或者更确切地说，他所说的或建议的不仅仅是纸上文字的输出，而是他从周围人的生活中学到的东西。这是他的真实生活经历，他用它来改善世界上其他人的生活)”可知，专家的输出不仅仅是文字上的，还有他自己的和别人的生活经历。C项“Theknowledgeofanexpertisnotlimitedtothebooks.(专家的知识并不局限于书本)”符合题意，下文是对选项的进一步说明。故选C。【19题详解】根据下文“So,hiseverysuggestiongoesstraight,touchestheheartandincreasestheenergyofalistener,andeventuallyhelpsthemaddressdifferentproblemsinlife.(因此，他的每一个建议都直截了当，打动人心，增加听众的能量，最终帮助他们解决生活中的不同问题)”可知，专家的建议都直截了当，能解决问题。由此可知，他们知道什么的解决方法才是最好的。E项“Besides,heknowswhatkindofsolutionswillprovethebest.(此外，他知道什么样的解决方案将被证明是最好的)”符合题意，选项中的best呼应下文的goesstraight。故选E。【20题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Ifyouthinksuchspeechesaremerewordsandsentences,youareabsolutelywrong.Butactuallytheyarethemagicalwordsthatbringagreatchangeinthelifeofdisappointedandannoyedpeopleontheglobe.Withsuchspeeches,lifecoachesdigouttheproblemsthatthelistenerisfacinginlife.(如果你认为这样的演讲只是单词和句子，那你就大错特错了。但实际上，它们是神奇的词语，给世界上失望和烦恼的人们的生活带来了巨大的变化。通过这样的演讲，生活导师挖掘出听众在生活中面临的问题)”可知，生活导师挖掘出了听众的问题。由此推知，空处陈述他们找出问题的根本原因，并最终找到解决问题的方法。F项“Andtheyalsofindtherootcausetoeupwithafinalsolution.(他们也会找到问题的根本原因，并提出最终的解决方案)”符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenEugenieGeorgefirstheardthatherfriendpassedafinancialexam,herheartsank.She’d___21___thesametestweeksearlier.“Envywaseatingmeup,”recallsGeorge.Butanywayshe___22___herfriend.“AndItoldherIfailedandadmittedIwas___23___,”shesays.Georgeknewthatbeing___24___wouldeaseherenvy,butshewassurprisedthatitalsoenabledherto___25___herfriend’shappinessandexperienceherowninturn.Finding___26___inanotherperson’sgoodfortuneiswhatsocialscientistscallfreudenfreude,thegreatjoywefeelwhensomeoneelsesucceeds,___27___itdoesn’tdirectlyinvolveus.Freudenfreudeislikeakindofsocial___28___,saysCatherineChambliss,aprofessorofpsychology.Itmakesrelationships“closerandmoreenjoyable.”Toooften,wethinkourfriends___29___usmostduringtheirhardtimes:ajob___30___,gettingdivorced.Infact,howfriends___31___ourjoyisevenmoreimportantforusthanhowtheyrespondtoour___32___.Toooften,wethinkofjoypassively.Weseeitassomethingthatetous,insteadofsomethingwecan___33___.Whileitcanbedifficultinpractice,freudenfreudecanliftusupand___34___ourday.Socelebratingourfriends’___35___isawinwintousall.21.A.taken B.passed C.failed D.prepared22.A.congratulated B.forgave C.blamed D.ignored23.A.badlybehaved B.overburdened C.shortsighted D.greeneyed24.A.tough B.honest C.tolerant D.optimistic25.A.imagine B.understand C.share D.increase26.A.hope B.passion C.confidence D.pleasure27.A.evenif B.asif C.nowthat D.sothat28.A.platform B.glue C.booster D.routine29.A.support B.annoy C.upset D.need30.A.loss B.change C.interview D.application31.A.lookforwardto B.contributeto C.getusedto D.reactto32.A.envy B.plaints C.suffering D.mistakes33.A.predict B.produce C.choose D.measure34.A.fill B.start C.brighten D.balance35.A.survival B.success C.recovery D.generosity【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.A28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述EugenieGeorge在面对朋友通过财政咨询测试，从最初的情绪消沉到随后坦诚地告知朋友自己对她的羡慕以及朋友对自己的激励，这种态度的转变让她不仅体验到朋友的快乐，也找寻到属于自己的幸福。最终提出结论：从另一个人的好运中寻找快乐会使你们的关系更加亲密和愉快。分享别人的快乐也可以培养韧性，提高生活满意度，帮助人们在冲突中合作。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，她没能通过同样的测试。A.taken拿；B.passed通过；C.failed失败；D.prepared准备。根据后文“AndItoldherIfailed”可知，她失败了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但不管怎样，她还是祝贺了她的朋友。A.congratulated祝贺；B.forgave原谅；C.blamed指责；D.ignored忽视。根据前文“WhenEugenieGeorgefirstheardthatherfriendpassedafinancialexam”可知，她的朋友通过考试，应是祝贺她的朋友。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我失败了，并承认我嫉妒了。A.badlybehaved表现差的；B.overburdened负担过重；C.shortsighted目光短浅的；D.greeneyed嫉妒的。根据前文“Envywaseatingmeup”可知作者是嫉妒的。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔治知道，诚实会减轻她的嫉妒，但令她惊讶的是，这也使她