广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题(含答案)_第1页
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出卷网() 广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题姓名:__________班级:__________考号:__________题号一二三四五六八九总分评分一、第一部分:单项选择,根据句意和语境,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)1.BythetimeIrushedtothetrainstationthetrain____.A.left B.wasleavingC.hadleft D.wastoleave2.InSriLanka,1,600kmwestofthequakecentre,thenumberof____was2498.A.death B.deaths C.dead D.dying3.Forme,____isthebiggestproblem—therearejustSOMANYnewwords.A.speaking B.writing C.grammar D.vocabulary4.Afterawhile,shediscoveredthat____couldhelpherfeellesslonelyandbored.A.surfingtheInternet B.searchingtheInternetC.clickingtheInternet D.chattingtheInternet5.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestop____towildlifeandtoourplanet.A.tothreaten B.tobeathreatC.threatening D.beingathreat6."Whenyou____toughtimes,youmeetothersonlinewhoarefacingsimilarchallenges,"Jansaid.A.goagainst B.goover C.gothrough D.goon7.Findingandkeepingtheright____betweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeabigchallenge.A.process B.access C.solution D.balance8.Ifyou____aboutallthedifferent____brochures,justturntome.A.areconfused;confusing B.confuse;confusingC.areconfusing;confused D.areconfused;confused9.Thisisthearchitect____thespeakerreferredinhislectureyesterday.A.towhich B.withwhich C.towhom D.withwhom10.Wewillstartatthepoint____weleftofflasttime.A.when B.where C.why D.that二、第二部分:阅读,第一节:阅读下列3篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)阅读理解GlobalWorksprovidesinternationaltravelprogramsthathelpteenslearnabouttheworld.CostaRica:WildAdventureThisserviceprogrambringsyouintoawildlifereserve,whereyouwilldosomevoluntaryworktohelpprotectlocalanimals.Afteranovernightwhite-waterrafting(漂流)tripyougettoworkonseaturtle(海龟)protectionprojectsonCostaRicanbeaches!GRADES:9-12DAYS:21DESTINATION:CostaRicaFOCUS:WildlifeProtectionAVG.GROUPSIZE:18Students/3StaffFijiIslands:SunnyServiceandIslandImmersion(沉浸)Lookingforanunforgettabletravelprogram?JoinourFijianfamily!ExperienceFijianlifefirsthandandcontributetoserviceprojectsthatbringustotheheartofthelocalcommunity.Inthisteenvolunteerprogram,youwillhaveachancetoplaywiththelocalkidsandteachthemEnglish!GRADES:9-12DAYS:17DESTINATION:FijiIslandsFOCUS:WorkingwithChildrenAVG.GROUPSIZE:16Students/2StaffPuertoRico:HurricaneReliefThisisahands-onservicetripfocusedonhurricanereliefanddisasterpreventionefforts.Homerepairworkistheheartofthisprogram.Theprojectsweworkonwillhelpfamiliesandcommunitiestodealwithafuturehurricane.GRADES:9-12DAYS:8DESTINATION:PuertoRico,UnitedStatesFOCUS:BuildingServicesAVG.GROUPSIZE:18Students/3StaffFrance:FrenchImmersionWantmorethanjustastandardFranceteentravelprogram?ThisFrenchadventurehasitall!FromthePalaisdeVersaillestotheFrenchAlps,yourjourneyintroducesyoutosomeofFrancesmostattractivesitesandstories.GRADES:9-12.DAYS:21DESTINATION:FranceFOCUS:FrenchImmersionAVG.GROUPSIZE:18Students/3Staff11.WhatwillyoudoifyouareacceptedintothetravelprograminCostaRica?A.Rebuildhomesforlocalfamilies.B.Enteralocalswimmingcompetition.C.Helpprotectlocalanimals.DTeachlocalkidsEnglish.12.Whichprogramwillyouchooseifyouhavetendaysoff?A.CostaRica:WildAdventure.B.FijiIslands:SunnyServiceandIslandImmersion.C.PuertoRico:HurricaneRelief.D.France:FrenchImmersion.13.AllfourinternationaltravelprogramshavethesameA.targetgrades B.destination C.groupsize D.focus阅读理解Inmychildhood,mymotherspenthereveninghoursdoingsomethingforsomeoneelse.Sometimessheknitted(编织)hatsforbabies,andatothertimes,shecookedchickensoupforsickneighbors.Therefore,Iwasn'tsurprisedwhenoneeveningmymotherannouncedshehadundertakenanewproject."Iamgoingtotelephoneseniors,"saidmymother."Everynight?Butyoudon'tevenknowthesepeople.""Itdoesn'tmatter,"shesaid."What'simportantisthatIlisten."Iwassixteenyearsoldandcouldn'tunderstandwhymymotherwaswillingtospendhereveningstalkingtostrangers.Shehadfriendsandmytwooldersisterstocallifshefeltlonely."Theywilltalkyourearoff.Somepeopledidn'tevenstoptocatchbreath."Isaid.Myattitudedidn'tstopmymother'senthusiasmfortheproject.Thatevening,shesettledonthesofaanddialed.Forawhile,Ilistenedassheaskedthewomanontheotherlineaboutherdayandwhatshehadeatenfordinner.Whenshefinishedthecall,Isaid,"Whydoyoucarewhethershehadcookiesorricepuddingfordessert?"Mymothergraspedoneofmyhandsandgaveitaslightsqueeze."I'mtheonlypersonshetalkedtotoday."Ittookmemorethanthirtyyearstofullyunderstandthemeaningofthatstatement.Now,asmymotherisnearingeighty,Ifindmyselfthinkingaboutthosenightlycallssheusedtomake.Iamoftentheonlypersonwhotelephonesmymother,andsometimesI'mtheonlypersonshespeakstoallday.Iaskherwhatshecookedfordinner,butmostlyIjustlistenasshedescribesawalkshetook,orhowherdogLuckystolefoodsfromtherefrigerator.Irealizethatmymother'scallswerelifelinesthatensuredhouseboundseniorsremainedconnectedtotheworld.Withouther,theirworldwouldhavebeenempty.14.Whatisthemother'spurposeofcallingtheseniors?A.Tomakethemfeellesslonely.B.Toknowwhattheyeatfordinner.C.Tocareabouttheseniors'life.DToteachthemhowtomakedesserts.15.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2probablymean?A.Theywillmakeyoufeelreallysatisfied.B.Theywillbetiredoflisteningtoothers.C.Theywillblameothers'wrongdoings.D.Theywilltalkallthetimeonthephone.16.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor'smotherpreferredtolivealone.B.Theauthorrealizedthevalueofhermother'sefforts.C.Theauthorstartedtotelephoneseniorsashermother.D.Theauthor'smotherremainedconnectedtotheworld.阅读理解Japanhasstartedreleasingwastewaterintotheocean.Butthisisn'tthekindofwastewaterthatflowsfromcitystreetsintostormwaterdrains.It'streatednuclearwastewaterusedtocooldamagedreactorsattheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant,strickenbyanearthquakeoveradecadeago.TheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency(IAEA)hasapprovedtheplanbyJapantoreleasemorethanamilliontonsoftreatednuclearwastewaterfromthedestroyedFukushimapowerplantintotheocean,believingJapan'sclaimsthatthewastewaterwouldbesafe.However,NeighboringcountriesandotherexpertssayitremainsenvironmentallyharmfulthatwilllastgenerationsandmayaffectecosystemsallthewaytoNorthAmerica.Localfishermen,whoheavilydependontheocean'sresources,fearahugedecreaseintheirmarketability."Japan'sself-interestshouldnotharmthewell-beingofhumanityinthelongrun."Theysaid.ThereleaseofthewastewaterintotheseaisathreattotheoceanenvironmentandwilldamageJapan'sinternationalimage.TheamountofmoneyJapanwouldneedtospendinrestoring(恢复)itsinternationalimagewillfarexceedthatrequiredtosolvetheprobleminaneco-friendlyway.17.WhatkindofwaterhasJapanreleasedintotheocean?A.Treatednuclearwastewater.B.WaterusedtocoolFukushima.C.Waterflowingintostormwaterdrains.D.Waterpollutedbyanearlyearthquake.18.Whobelievesthewastewaterwilldonoharmtotheenvironment?A.Japanesefishermen. B.TheIAEA.C.NorthAmerica. D.Neighboringcountries19.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exceed"inparagraph4probablymean?A.besimilarto B.bemorethanC.besmallerthan D.bebetterthan20.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.EnvironmentalProbleminJapanB.Fukushima'sTreatedRadioactiveWaterC.ConcernsonJapan'sWastewaterReleaseD.Experts'ResponsetoJapan'sWastewaterRelease三、第二部分:阅读,第二节:(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。PublicSpeakingItcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople'sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?21.Youcanusethefollowingbasicsabouttheartofpublicspeakingtohelpyouovercomethesechallengesandbeagoodspeaker.PointeverythingbacktothecentralideaBeforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage.22.Itmakesiteasiertodecidewhattosayandithelpsyoumakeeveryotherdecision,fromthestructuretothespecificstoriesandconcreteimagesthatyouinclude.23.Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing"stickystories"inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸闻)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages.PracticeinfrontofpeoplePracticingyourspeechcaneasefeelingsofnervousnessandhelpyouadjustyourpresentation.Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself.24.SlowdownandstartagainIfsomethingunexpectedhappensinthemoment—sayyoustumble(结巴)orloseyourplace—pauseorslowdown.Takeadeepbreathandgobacktothebeginningofasentenceorrestatethewordyoustumbledon.Anddon'tworrypeopledon'tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo.25.Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection.A.Usevividimageryandstorytelling.B.Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad.C.Avoidbigwordsandlongsentences.D.Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that'sOK,too.E.Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit.F.There'salsoachancetopracticeshortspeechesonimportanttopics.G.Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech.四、第三部分,英语知识运用,第一节:完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,mysonRyansaid,"I'mgoingtokeepworkinguntileveryoneinAfricahascleanwater."Ithought,oh,boy!ButI'dheardaboutencouragingchildrentobe26.anddreambigdreams.SoIdidn'twanttosaythathecouldn'tmakea27..Atfirst,heplannedtomakemoneytobuilda28.inAfrica.Butwhenhe29.hisfirst$70madebydoingchoresinneighborhoodtoacharity(慈善机构),hewastoldthatitactually30.$2000tobuildawell.Itwasalotofmoney,butRyandidn't31..Hepersuadedhisclassmatesandneighborstogivemoney.AndIwrotetothelocalnewspapertomakehisstorygo32..Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhad33.the$2000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.Thechildrenattheschool34.neededtowalkforhourstogetwater.Theywere35.tohimandinvitedhimtovisit.InUganda,Ryansawthewellwithhisowneyesandhundredsofstudentswhohadturnedoutto36.him.Seeingthathereallyhad37.thesechildren,hebrokeintoa38.smile.NowthereisaRyan'sWellFoundation.Hisdreamhas39.thelivesofsomanypeople,thoughmostofwhomwewillnevermeet.Ryanhasshownmewhatthe40.ofdreamscando.26.A.free B.confident C.friendly D.curious27.A.decision B.impression C.difference D.fortune28.A.well B.house C.factory D.facility29.A.lent B.paid C.gave D.showed30.A.cost B.offered C.wasted D.acquired31.A.carryon B.turnupC.goallout D.giveup32.A.public B.wrong C.ahead D.crazy33.A.borrowed B.saved C.delivered D.raised34.A.still B.even C.nolonger D.always35.A.kind B.thankful C.generous D.responsible36.A.praise B.memorize C.contact D.welcome37.A.helped B.improved C.troubled D.recognized38.A.confusing B.calm C.joyful D.bitter39.A.proved B.started C.reflected D.changed40.A.habit B.power C.award D.challenge五、第三部分,英语知识运用,第二节:语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)语法填空TheChineseNewYearisnowwidelyknownastheSpringFestivalbecauseitstarts41.thebeginningofSpring.42.(it)origin(起源)istoooldtobeknown.Severalexplanationsarehangingaround.ButallagreethatthewordNian,whichinmodernChinesemeans"year",was43.(original)thenameofamonsterbeast44.startedtoeatpeoplethenightbeforethebeginningofanewyear.OnelegendgoesthatthebeastNianhadaverybigmouththatwouldswallowagreatmanypeoplewithonebite.Peoplewerevery45.(frighten).Oneday,46.oldmancametohelpthem,offeringtosubdueNian.Hetoldpeople47.(put)upredpaperdecorationsontheirwindowsand48.(door)ateachyear'sendtoscareawayNianincaseitcamebackagain,becauseredwasthecolorthebeastfearedthemost.Today,thecustomofputtingupredpaperandsettingofffire-crackers49.(be)stillaround.However,peoplehavelongforgottenwhytheyaredoingallthis,exceptthattheyfeelthecolorandthesoundaddtothe50.(excite)ofthecelebration.六、第四部分:写作,第一节:词汇运用,根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示,写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.Whichclubdoyouthinkis(suit)forAdam?Helikesmathsverymuch.(所给词的适当形式填空)52.ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemain(office)languageofPeru.(所给词的适当形式填空)53.(obvious),Iwasunhappy,butIwon'tquit.(所给单词适当形式填空)54.Jordan'sskillswereimpressive,butthemental(strong)thatheshowedmadehimunique.(所给单词适当形式填空)55.It's(legal)todriveacarwithoutadriver'slicense.(所给词的适当形式填空)56.Ifyouwanttopasstheexams,you'dbetterchangeyour(态度).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)57.Atthattimefiftycountries(捐赠)nearly$80milliontotheproject.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)58.Look!TheexchangestudentistalkingtoMr.Zhangon(校园).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)59.Peoplebuylotsofthingsatgreat(折扣)onNovember11th,Singles'day.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)60.Remember:Thisdoorshouldonlybeusedinan(紧急情况).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)七、第四部分:写作,第二节:完成句子,根据句意和中文提示,用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)61.我决定这学期报名上夜校。Ihavedecidedtoeveningclassesthisterm.62.不抽烟的人的健康状况平均比抽烟的人好得多。,peoplewhodon'tsmokearemuchhealthierthanpeoplewhodo.63.赛场上的失利会使他更加努力地训练和绝不放弃。Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharderandnever.64.今天,来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟。Today,touristsfromvisitDunhuangtoseethecaves.65.汉字,最初是一种基于图形的语言,追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期。WrittenChinese,apicture-basedlanguageatthebeginning,severalthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu.八、第三节:课文默写,根据中文意思,把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)66.两周之后,她们真成了世界冠军!(汉译英)67.首先,我得非常认真地考虑自己要选什么课程。(汉译英)68.我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。(汉译英)69.今天下午,我们在科学实验室上化学课。(汉译英)70.到达目的地之后,您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。(汉译英)九、第四部分:写作,第四节:书面表达(共1小题;满分15分)71.假定你是李华,你校高一级将于下周举行"12公里徒步活动"。请你代表学生会给你校外籍教师Johnson写一封电子邮件,邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括:1.向他发出邀请;2.介绍本次徒步活动;3.活动注意事项。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJohnson,……Yourssincerely,LiHua

答案解析部分1.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:当我赶到火车站时,火车已经开走了。此处是谓语动词。根据时间状语从句"BythetimeIrushedtothetrainstation"可知,主句需要用过去完成时态,表示该动作发生在从句动作之前。故选C。

【点评】考查时态,本题涉及过去完成时。2.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:在地震中心以西1600公里的斯里兰卡,死亡人数为2498人。A.death"死亡";B.deaths"死亡人数";C.dead"死的";D.dying"垂死的"。根据"thenumberof"可知,此处是指死亡人数。故选B。

【点评】考查词性辨析,以及thenumberof的应用。3.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:对我来说,词汇是最大的问题——生词太多了。A.speaking"口语";B.writing"写作";C.grammar"语法";D.vocabulary"词汇"。根据"therearejustSOMANYnewwords"可知,此处是指词汇是最大的问题。故选D。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析,区分speaking;writing;grammar和vocabulary的含义。4.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:过了一段时间,她发现上网可以帮助她减少孤独和无聊。surftheInternet"上网,上网冲浪",为固定搭配。分析句子结构可知,空处需要动名词的形式作宾语从句的主语。故选A。

【点评】考查非谓语动词和固定短语,本题涉及动名词作宾语以及固定短语surftheInternet。5.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时,我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁。threaten为动词"威胁",threatensb./sth."威胁某人或某物"。根据空后的to可知,该空处需要用beathreatto"对…构成威胁"。stoptodosth."停下来去做某事",该短语表示停下现在做的事情去做另外一件事。stopdoingsth."停止做某事",该短语表示停下做现在的事情。此处指停止现在对野生动物和地球的威胁,所以be需要动名词形式being。故选D。

【点评】考查非谓语动词,本题涉及动名词作宾语以及固定短语beathreatto和stopdoingsth.6.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:简说:"当你经历困难时,你会在网上遇到其他面临类似挑战的人。"A.goagainst"违背";B.goover"仔细检查";C.gothrough"经历";D.goon"继续"。根据"youmeetothersonlinewhoarefacingsimilarchallenges"可知,此处是指经历困难时。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析,区分goagainst;goove;gothrough和goon的含义。7.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。A.process"过程";B.access"入口";C.solution"解决办法";D.balance"平衡"。根据"betweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsites"可知,此处是指在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡。故选D。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析,区分process;access;solution和balance的含义。8.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:如果你对各种各样令人困惑的小册子感到困惑,就来找我。第一空修饰主语you的感情,应用-ed结尾形容词confused"感到困惑的",构成固定搭配beconfusedabout意为"对……感到困惑";第二空修饰空后的名词brochures,修饰物常用-ing结尾形容词,confusing意为"令人困惑的"符合语境。故选A。

【点评】考查形容词词义辨析,区分confused和confusing的含义和应用以及固定短语beconfusedabout。9.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:这就是昨天演讲者在演讲中提到的那位建筑师。____thespeakerreferredinhislectureyesterday是限制性定语从句,先行词是thearchitect,谓语动词应用动词短语referto意为"提及",所以此处应用介词to。在定语从句中缺少介词to的宾语,且先行词为architect"建筑师",所以应用关系代词whom。故选C。

【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及"介词+关系代词"引导的限制性定语从句以及固定短语referto。10.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:我们将从上次结束的地方开始。___weleftofflasttime是限定性定语从句,先行词point意为"地方",为抽象地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故选B。

【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。【答案】11.C12.C13.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了GlobalWorks提供的能帮助9年级至12年级的青少年了解世界的四个国际旅行项目的相关信息。

【点评】考查阅读理解,包含细节理解题,是一篇介绍类阅读,注意先略读文章,掌握文章大意,再分析题干及选项,到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。11.考查细节理解。根据CostaRica:WildAdventure部分中的"Thisserviceprogrambringsyouintoawildlifereserve,whereyouwilldosomevoluntaryworktohelpprotectlocalanimals."这个服务项目将带你进入一个野生动物保护区,在那里你将做一些志愿工作来帮助保护当地的动物。可知,如果你被哥斯达黎加的旅游项目接纳了,你会参与保护当地的动物。故选C。12.考查细节理解。根据PuertoRico:HurricaneRelief部分中的"DAYS:8"可知,这个项目为期8天,因此如果你有10天假期,可以选择PuertoRico:HurricaneRelief,故选C。13.考查细节理解。根据CostaRica:WildAdventure部分中的"GRADES:9-12";FijiIslands:SunnyServiceandIslandImmersion(沉浸)部分中的"GRADES:9-12";PuertoRico:HurricaneRelief部分中的"GRADES:9-12";以及France:FrenchImmersion部分中的"GRADES:9-12",可知,4个项目的目标学生在9年级至12年级之间,故选A。【答案】14.A15.D16.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者的母亲经常晚上给一些老年人打电话聊天,作者很不理解,但是30年后,作者真正的意识到了母亲这样做的价值和意义。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。14.考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"‘Iamgoingtotelephoneseniors,'saidmymother.‘Everynight?Butyoudon'tevenknowthesepeople.'‘Itdoesn'tmatter,'shesaid.‘What'simportantisthatIlisten.'""我要给高年级学生打电话,"我妈妈说。"每天晚上?但你甚至不认识这些人。""没关系,"她说。"重要的是我要倾听。";以及第三段中的"Mymothergraspedoneofmyhandsandgaveitaslightsqueeze.‘I'mtheonlypersonshetalkedtotoday.'"妈妈抓住我的一只手,轻轻捏了一下。"我是她今天唯一和她说话的人。"可知,老年人一天中只有作者的母亲给他打电话。可推知,老年人很孤单,所以母亲作为一个倾听者给老年人打电话就是为了让老人们减少一些他们的孤独。故选A。15.考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的"Shehadfriendsandmytwooldersisterstocallifshefeltlonely."如果她感到孤独,她有朋友和我的两个姐姐可以打电话给她;以及"Somepeopledidn'tevenstoptocatchbreath."有些人甚至没有停下来喘口气。可知,作者觉得母亲要是觉得孤单可以找自己认识的人聊天。她觉得母亲认识的人中有特别能说的,一打起电话就没完没了。可推知,划线句子的意思是"他们在电话里会一直没完没了地说"。故选D。16.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Ittookmemorethanthirtyyearstofullyunderstandthemeaningofthatstatement."我花了三十多年的时间才完全理解这句话的含义;以及"Irealizethatmymother'scallswerelifelinesthatensuredhouseboundseniorsremainedconnectedtotheworld.Withouther,theirworldwouldhavebeenempty."我意识到我母亲的电话是确保居家老年人与世界保持联系的生命线。没有她,他们的世界将是空的。可知,作者终于在30年后明白了母亲这样做是让更多的老人与世界关联,不让老人觉得自己的世界太孤单。可推知,作者明白了母亲这样做的价值和意义。故选B。【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了日本向海洋排放核废水,说明了这一举措对生态和日本本身所带来的影响。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和标题归纳三个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。17.考查细节理解。根据第一段"Japanhasstartedreleasingwastewaterintotheocean.Butthisisn'tthekindofwastewaterthatflowsfromcitystreetsintostormwaterdrains.It'streatednuclearwastewaterusedtocooldamagedreactorsattheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant,strickenbyanearthquakeoveradecadeago."日本已经开始向海洋排放废水。但这不是那种从城市街道流入雨水渠的废水。它处理的是用于冷却福岛第一核电站受损反应堆的核废水,该核电站在十多年前遭受地震袭击。可知,日本向海洋排放了处理过的核废水。故选A。18.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"TheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency(IAEA)hasapprovedtheplanbyJapantoreleasemorethanamilliontonsoftreatednuclearwastewaterfromthedestroyedFukushimapowerplantintotheocean,believingJapan'sclaimsthatthewastewaterwouldbesafe."国际原子能机构(IAEA)已经批准了日本的一项计划,将被摧毁的福岛核电站处理过的100多万吨核废水排放到海洋中,并相信日本声称的废水是安全的。可知,国际原子能机构相信废水不会对环境造成危害。故选B。19.考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"ThereleaseofthewastewaterintotheseaisathreattotheoceanenvironmentandwilldamageJapan'sinternationalimage."将废水排放入海是对海洋环境的威胁,将损害日本的国际形象;以及"TheamountofmoneyJapanwouldneedtospendinrestoring(恢复)itsinternationalimagewillfar"日本恢复其国际形象所花的钱将远远不够……。可知,日本恢复其国际形象所需的资金将远远超过以环保方式解决问题所需的资金。划线词exceed意思是"超过"。故选B。20.考查标题归纳。根据第一段"Japanhasstartedreleasingwastewaterintotheocean.Butthisisn'tthekindofwastewaterthatflowsfromcitystreetsintostormwaterdrains.It'streatednuclearwastewaterusedtocooldamagedreactorsattheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant,strickenbyanearthquakeoveradecadeago."日本已经开始向海洋排放废水。但这不是那种从城市街道流入雨水渠的废水。它处理的是用于冷却福岛第一核电站受损反应堆的核废水,该核电站在十多年前遭受地震袭击;结合文章主要说明了日本向海洋排放核废水,说明了这一举措对生态和日本本身所带来的影响。"对日本污水排放的担忧"适合作文章标题。故选C。【答案】21.B;22.E;23.A;24.G;25.D【解析】【分析】本文额是一篇说明文,介绍了关于公共演讲艺术的基本知识来帮助读者克服演讲的困难,成为一名优秀的演讲者。

【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇艺术类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。21.根据空前"Itcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople'sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?在众人面前发表演讲是很有压力的。说什么呢?如何吸引人们的注意力?如果搞砸了怎么办?可知,此处是指前文中提到的这些问题让人苦恼,B.Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad."这些问题会让你发疯的。"符合语境,故选B。22.根据本段小标题"Pointeverythingbacktothecentralidea"把所有的东西都指向中心思想;以及空前"Beforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage."在你开始演讲之前,弄清楚你的核心信息。可知,在开始演讲之前,弄清楚演讲的核心信息,演讲中的所有内容都要指向中心思想。E.Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit."然后确保你演讲中所有的观点都指向它。"承接上文,指出让演讲中的所有观点都指向演讲的核心,符合语境,故选E。23.根据空后"Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing"stickystories"inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸闻)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages."为了让你的演讲令人难忘,你可以尝试在你的演讲中使用"粘性叙事"——诚实、生动的轶事和细节,吸引视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。人们会记住故事和图像。可知,本段主要阐述要在演讲中使用生动的故事和图像叙述。A.Usevividimageryandstorytelling."使用生动的故事和图像叙述。"能够概括本段主旨,适合作为小标题。故选A。24.根据空前"Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself."让朋友或家人在你练习的时候听你说。你也可以用手机录一份语音备忘录,然后回放给自己听。可知,此处是指照前文这样做可以得到好的反馈,以此完善自己的演讲技巧,G.Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech."通过这样做,你可以得到支持性的反馈来改善你的演讲。符合语境,故选G。25.根据空前"Anddon'tworry,peopledon'tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo."别担心,人们并没有像你想象的那样注意到这些停顿;以及空后"Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection."关键是要为成功做好准备,而不是追求完美。"可知,此处是指即使有人注意到了你的停顿也没关系,D.Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that'sOK,too."即使有人注意到了,也没关系。"符合语境,故选D。【答案】26.B;27.C;28.A;29.C;30.A;31.D;32.A;33.D;34.C;35.B;36.D;37.A;38.C;39.D;40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了瑞恩有一个梦想,那就是要让非洲的孩子们喝上干净的水,而这在当初的我看来是不可能的,但瑞恩凭借着坚持不懈的努力最终梦想成真,这也让我见证了梦想的力量是多么伟大。

【点评】考查完形填空,本题考点涉及动词,名词,形容词,副词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。26.句意:但我听说过鼓励孩子们要自信,要有远大的梦想。A.free"免费的";B.confident"自信的";C.friendly"友好的";D.curious"好奇的"。根据空前"ButI'dheardaboutencouragingchildrentobe";以及空后"anddreambigdreams.SoIdidn'twanttosaythathecouldn'tmakea2."可知,作者听说过要鼓励孩子自信且有远大梦想。故选B。27.句意:所以我不想说他不会有所作为。A.decision"决定";B.impression"印象";C.difference"影响";D.fortune"命运"。根据空前"Ithought,oh,boy!ButI'dheardaboutencouragingchildrentobe1anddreambigdreams.SoIdidn'twanttosaythathecouldn'tmakea"可知,作者觉得儿子的梦想不现实,所以在作者看来儿子不会有所作为。makeadifference固定短语"有影响,起作用"。故选C。28.句意:起初,他打算赚钱在非洲打一口井。A.well"井";B.house"房子";C.factory"工厂";D.facility"设施"。根据下文"hewastoldthatitactually5$2000tobuildawell."可知,Ryan打算赚钱打一口井。故选A。29.句意:但是,当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时,他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A.lent"借给";B.paid"偿还";C.gave"给";D.showed"展示"。根据空后"hisfirst$70madebydoingchoresinneighborhoodtoacharity(慈善机构),hewastoldthatitactually5$2000tobuildawell."可知,儿子把自己赚的70美元捐给了当地的慈善机构。故选C。30.句意:但是,当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时,他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A.cost"花费";B.offered"提供";C.wasted"浪费";D.acquired"获得"。根据空前"hewastoldthatitactually";以空后"$2000tobuildawell.Itwasalotofmoney,"可知,打一口井的费用是2000美元。故选A。31.句意:这是一大笔钱,但瑞恩没有放弃。A.carryon"继续";B.turnup"出现";C.goallout"全力以赴";D.giveup"放弃"。根据下文"Hepersuadedhisclassmatesandneighborstogivemoney."可知,虽然被告知打一口井的费用是2000美元,但瑞恩没有放弃,而是继续劝服其他人来捐钱。故选D。32.句意:我给当地的报纸写信,想把他的故事公布于众。A.public"公共的";B.wrong"错误的";C.ahead"向前的";D.crazy"疯狂的"。根据空前"AndIwrotetothelocalnewspapertomakehisstorygo";以及下文"Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhad8the$2000,"可知,作者希望通过媒体公开报道这件事来帮助他。gopublic固定短语,"公开宣布"。故选A。33.句意:几个月后,瑞恩筹到了2000美元,用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井。A.borrowed"借";B.saved"拯救";C.delivered"递送";D.raised"筹集"。根据空前"Hepersuadedhisclassmatesandneighborstogivemoney.AndIwrotetothelocalnewspapertomakehisstorygo7.Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhad";以及空后"the$2000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda."可知,瑞恩筹集到了2000美元。故选D。34.句意:学校里的孩子们不再需要走几个小时去取水。A.still"依旧";B.even"甚至";C.nolonger"不再";D.always"总是"。根据空前"Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhad___8___the$2000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.Thechildrenattheschool";及空后"neededtowalkforhourstogetwater."可知,因为乌干达的一所小学附近有了一口井,所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水。故选C。35.句意:他们很感激他,并邀请他去参观。A.kind"友好的";B.thankful"感激的";C.generous"慷慨的";D.responsible"负责任的,有责任的"。根据上文"Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhad8the$2000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.Thechildrenattheschool9neededtowalkforhourstogetwater."可知因为瑞恩的努力乌干达的一所小学附近终于有了一口井,所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水,可以推测孩子必定对他很感激。故选B。36.句意:在乌干达,瑞安亲眼看到了这口井,还有数百名学生出来欢迎他。A.praise"表扬";B.memorize"记住";C.contact"联系,联络";D.welcome"欢迎"。根据上文"Theywere10tohimandinvitedhimtovisit."可知孩子们邀请瑞恩去参观这口井,所以孩子们一定会欢迎他的到来。故选D。37.句意:看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子,他露出了愉快的微笑。A.helped"帮助";B.improved"提高";C.troubled"麻烦";D.recognized"识别,承认"。根据上文"Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhad8the$2000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.";以及空前"InUganda,Ryansawthewellwithhisowneyes"可知在瑞恩的努力下,当地孩子们终于有了一口井,所以瑞恩真的帮到了当地的孩子们。故选A。38.句意:看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子,他露出了愉快的微笑。A.confusing"困惑的";B.calm"镇静的";C.joyful"开心的";D.bitter"苦的"。根据空前"Seeingthathereallyhad12thesechildren,"可知当瑞恩看到自己真的帮助了那些孩子的时候,他一定是开心的。故选C。39.句意:他的梦想改变了很多人的生活,尽管他们中的大多数人我们永远也见不到。A.proved"证明";B.started"开始";C.reflected"反映";D.changed"改变"。根据空前"NowthereisaRyan'sWellFoundation.Hisdreamhas";以及空后"thelivesofsomanypeople,thou

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