中考阅读理解热点话题考前冲刺集训07-2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题体裁分类训练（中考真题各地模拟题）

备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(中考真题+各地模拟题)中考阅读理解热点话题考前冲刺集训07（2022·江苏·兴化市教师发展中心一模）DuringtheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,athletesfromallovertheworldbrokebothpersonalandOlympicrecords.Hightechelementshavebeengiving“wings”tothesehardworkingathletes,helpingthembee“faster,higher,stronger”.TheNationalSpeedSkatingOval(theIceRibbon)saw12newOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord,includingChinesespeedskaterGaoTingyu’sOlympicrecordof34.32secondsinthemen’s500meters.Knownas“thefastestice”,the12,000squaremeterrink(冰场)hasreceivedverygoodfeedbackfromtheathletes.“Itmakeseveryoneskatefaster,”GaoTingyusaidafterhebaggedthegold.Thesecretbehindisanewcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)icemakingtechnology.Speedskatingrequiresaveryflat(平滑的)icesurface.Iftheicesurfacetemperaturedoesn’tchangemuch,theicestaysflatter.Flaticeiseasiertoskateon.Liquid(液态的)carbondioxidewasputundertheiceforthefirsttime.Itcooledtheiceandkeptthetemperaturechangesonthesurfacewithinjusthalfofonedegree(度).Ineventslikefreestyleskiingandskijumping,thedirectionandspeedofthewindcouldlargelyaffectathletes’performance.AresearchteamfromtheChineseAcademyofSciencesdevelopedawindmeasuring(测量)systemusingAItechnology.“Someeventsonlylastafewseconds,andthewindischangingallthetime.Thissystemallowsathletesandcoachesto‘see’winddirectlythroughrealtimedata(数据)ontheirpads,anddecidewhenandwheretojump,”theteamleaderShaoYuntoldBeijingDaily.Therearemanymorehightechelementsthatboostathleticperformance,includingdragreducing(减少阻力的)sportswear,smartbedsthatmassage(按摩)athletes,androbotsthatcook.AllthesehelpedkeepChina’spromisetoholdan“athletecentered”Olympics,saidZhaoWeidong,thespokespersonoftheBeijingorganizingmittee.1．GaoTingyusetarecordfor________.A．winningthefirstgoldforChinainmen’s500metersB．skatingthefastestspeedinmen’s500metersC．beingtheyoungestskaterattheOlympicsD．designingtheNationalSpeedSkatingOval2．Theunderlined“it”inParagraph3refersto________.A．theicerink B．thegoldmedal C．therecord D．thefeedback3．Liquidcarbondioxidewasputundertheiceto________.A．maketheiceharder B．keeptheicecoldC．savewaterresources D．changethetemperatureoftheice4．ThesystemfromtheChineseAcademyofScienceshelpsathletes________.A．changethedirectionofthewind B．recordtheirjumpsinrealtimeC．measurewindmorecorrectly D．controlthespeedofthewind5．WhatdoweknowfromthewordsofZhaoWeidong?A．ChinaisexpectedtoholdanotherWinterOlympicssoon.B．OthercountrieslookatChinawithneweyes.C．The2022BeijingWinterOlympicswerethebestever.D．The2022BeijingWinterOlympicswerepeoplecentered.（2022·湖南邵阳·一模）AccordingtotheUN’straditionalstandard,onceacountry’soraregion’soldpeopleover60yearsoldtakeup10%ofthetotalpopulation,thecountryortheregionwillberegardedtoenteranagingsociety.Maletofemaleratio（比例，比率）105.07sexratioatbirth

111.3Agegroups0—14

17.95%（up1.35percentagepointsfrom2010）15—59

63.35%（down6.79percentagepointsfrom2010）60andabove18.7%（up5.44percentagepointsfrom2010）6．Fromthematerialabove,wecan’tknow________.A．thetotalpopulation B．deathrate C．themaletofemaleratio7．Wecaninferfromthematerialthat________.A．ChinaissteppingintoanagingsocietyB．mostoftheChinesepopulationareabove60C．therearemorenewborngirlsthannewbornboysnow（2022·浙江宁波·二模）In2021,China’seducationsystemannouncedanew“DoubleReduction”policy(“双减”政策).“DoubleReduction”referstoareductioninthetotalamountandtimeofschoolhomeworkandareductionofafterschoolclasses.“Thepolicyreallyhelpsme,”ShenYuzhe,a13yearoldboyfromBeijingsaid.Heishappythathehaslesshomeworkthanbeforeandhecanfinishitatschoolwithnoneedtotakeithome.“I’malsohappytofindtherearefewerexams.Besides,teachersnowteachatamuchslowerpacesothatwehaveenoughtimetounderstandwhatwehavelearned.Wedon’tneedtobuyworkbooksanymoreandtheexercisesaremainlyfromthetextbook,”ShenYuzhesaid.“Thebestthingaboutthe‘DoubleReduction’istheincreasedtimeinafterschoolactivitiessuchasdancing,volleyballanddrama.ZhangHangmingfromTianjinisalsoexcited.Hehasjoinedagroupcalled“LeadershipDevelopment”,learningallkindsofusefulskills.Helikesitbecauseteachersarealsogivingthemmorechancestolearnfromreallife.Forexample,theywenttoresearchplantsinafieldduringascienceclass.Hebelievesthatisamuchbetterwaytolearnthanjuststudyingthebooks.Somepeoplewelethepolicywhileothersarestillworried.YuZhiyue,amiddleschoolstudentinJiangsu,stillfeelstired.“Withthe‘DoubleReduction’,Ihavereallygotlesshomeworktodo.ButmymotherisworriedthatIwilllosethechancetoreviewwhatI’velearnedinclasswithoutenoughhomework.SoIhavelotsofafterschoolclasses.SinceIcanonlytaketheseclassesonweekdaysnow,weekdayshavebeeespeciallylongandtiringforme.FromMondaytoFriday,IneedtotakeonlineclassesathomeafterIebackfromschool,”shesaid.“Myparentstoldmetheruleshadchangedbutthepetitionhadnotgoneaway.”8．ShenYuzhelikesthepolicybecause________.A．hehaslesshomeworkandfewerexams B．hehasmoreafterschoolactivitiesC．hetakesafterschoolclassesonweekdays D．hehaschancestolearnfromreallife9．YuZhiyue’smothermayagreethat_________.A．childrenshouldhavetimetorelax B．it’sbettertolearnbyreadingbooksC．childrenstillneedtostudyveryhard D．it’simportanttodevelopusefulskills10．Thepurposeofthepassageismainlyto________.A．showtheinfluenceofthepolicyonstudents B．introducetheimportanceofthepolicyC．explainthereasonwhythepolicyispopular D．encouragestudentstodolesshomework11．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．（2022·浙江宁波·二模）AlotofsportspersonsdidanexcellentjobduringtheTokyo2020OlympicGames.Whatisthekeytosuccess?Someexcellentsportspersonsandtheircoachesshareadvicefromtheirexperiences.MissyFranklin,swimmingNeverforgetbeingnervousisanunbelievablething.Itshowsthatyoureallycareaboutwhatyouaredoing.Donotfearyournerves(紧张).Acceptthemandturnthemintoyourownsuperpower.Andthennoonecanstopyou!BradGuzan,soccerYouhavetoacceptdifficultyandknowthatitwon’tlast.Itrytouseitasachancetoimprove.Youshouldtrainharderandpracticedifferentskillsofthegame.Hardtimesmakeyoustrongerasaplayerandasaperson.QuanHongchan,diving“Borninafarmingfamily,the14yearolddivinggirl,facedthehardshipbravely,andshetakesthemostactivepartintrainingatherage,”hercoachsaid.“Hardworkpaysoff.Herperfectdivingperformanceamazedtheworld.Besides,anAItrainingsystemalsohelpedhertrain.”LiuYang,gymnasticsWhentrainingforapetition,trainhardwithyourattention.Thebestresultsefrombeingfullyprepared.That’strueforapetitionorforgettingreadytotakeatest.Duringthewholetraining,donotforgettohavefun.SuBingtian,100mraceYouwon’tknowwhetheryoucanbebetterornotuntilyoureallygetthere.NowI’verunfasterthanbefore,soIamsurethatthereisstillroomforimprovementifIincreasemyspeedinthefinalmetersofraces.Idon’treallyagreethatthisisalreadythebestscoreforAsianbornrunners.12．Accordingtothepassage,_________usesanAIsystemtohelptrain.A．MissyFranklin B．QuanHongchan C．LiuYang D．SuBingtian13．ToLiuYang,whatisimportantwhenheistraining?A．Preparewellandhavefun. B．Trainhardandbeconfident.C．TheAItrainingsystemandattitude. D．Workhardanddonotfearnerves.14．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．beingnervousmeansyouhavemuchsuperpowerB．practicingmoreskillsmakesyoubetterthanbeforeC．startingtrainingatanearlyageleadstosuccesseasilyD．breakingworldrecordsispossibleforAsianbornrunners（2022·河南南阳·一模）Technologycanbeawonderfulthingbuttoomuchtimeonmobilephonescangetinthewayofimportanthealthyactivities.Herearesometipsforbalancingscreenusewithhealthyliving.SleepmattersGettingenough,goodqualitysleepisveryimportant.Leavephonesoutsidethebedroomwhenitisbedtime.SharingwiselyParentsandcarersshouldnevergetkids’photospostedunlesstheyagree,evenonlyopentoyourbestfriends.EducationmattersMakesureyouandyourchildrenknowandkeeptotheschoolrulesonscreentime.Movearound!Everyoneshouldtakeabreakafteracoupleofhoursonphones.It’sgoodtogetupandmovearoundabit.SafetywhenoutAdvisechildrentoputtheirphonesawaywhilecrossingtheroadordoinganactivityoutdoorsthatneedstheirfullattention.TalkinghelpsAchangeinbehaviorcanbeasigntheyhavemetproblemsonline—makesuretheyknowtheycanalwaysspeaktoyouoranotheradult.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。15．WhichofthefollowingcanhelpJimmy,aboywithtroubleontheInternet?A．Talkinghelps. B．Sharingwisely.C．Safetywhenout. D．Movearound!16．EducationmatterscanhelpAnne________.A．learntousethephoneforhereducationB．followtherulesforphoneuseinschoolC．useherphonetotellthetimeeasilyD．learnschoolrulesbyusingherphone17．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Leavingphonesoutsidemakesagoodsleep.B．It’snicetoshareyourkid’sphotoswithothers.C．ParentsshouldteachkidsgoodInternetmanners.D．Kidsshouldneverspendtimeonmobilephones.18．Accordingtothetext,inwhichordershouldthepicturesbeput?A．Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ B．Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅰ C．Ⅲ,Ⅰ,Ⅱ D．Ⅱ,Ⅰ,Ⅲ19．Whoarethetextswrittenfor?A．Kids. B．Teachers. C．Educators. D．Parents.（重庆市江津区20202021学年八年级下学期期末英语试题）“Fatherofhybrid(杂交)rice”YuanLongpingpassedawayat13:07p.m.onMay22inChangshaHunanprovince,XinbuareportedonSaturday.Thewellknownagronomist(农学家)wasbornin1930.Heisfamousfordevelopingthefirsthybridrice.HehashelpedsavenotonlyChinabutalsotheworldfromstarvation(饥饿).WhenChinadidn’thaveenoughfood,hehelpedChinacreateagreatmiracle,feedingnearlyonefifthoftheworld’spopulationwithlessthan9percentoftheworld’sland.Whenhundredsandthousandsofpeoplearoundtheworldweresufferingfrom(忍受)hunger,thehybridricewasgrowninlargeareainothercountries,helpingsavethemfromhunger.AccordingtothereportsinChina,theplantingareaofhybridriceisover16millionhectares(公顷).Itisabout57percentoftheplantingareaofrice.Andthehybridricehashelpedabout80millionpeoplehavefoodtoeateveryyear.20．YuanLongpingisafamous________.A．farmer B．agronomist C．doctor D．engineer21．YuanLongpingbecamewellknownbecause________.A．hemadeenoughfood B．heplantedalotofriceC．hehelpedsavepeoplefromhunger D．hewasborninHunanprovince22．Theunderlinedword“miracle”probablymeans“________”inChinese.A．意外 B．收获 C．成功 D．奇迹23．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A．YuanLongpingdevelopedthefirsthybridrice.B．About57percentoftheplantingareaofriceinChinaisforhybridrice.C．ThehybridriceisonlygrowninChina.D．Theplantingareaofhybridriceisover16millionhectaresinChina.（2022·江苏盐城·一模）Whennightes,theystopunderabigtree.TheTinWoodmancutssomewoodandmakesafireforDorothy.DorothyandTotoeatsomebreadandtheLiongoesintotheforesttofindsomethingforhisdinner.TheScarecrowcollectssomenutsforDorothy’sbreakfast.Thenallofthemliedownandsleepuntilmorning.Thenextdaytheysetoffagainveryearly.Theywalkafewmilesandthenetoabigditch(沟渠).It’sverywideandverydeep.Therearealotofsharprocksatthebottomofit.“Howcanwecrosstheditch?”Dorothyasksherfriends.“Wecan’tflyoverit,”theScarecrowsays.“Andwecan’tjumpoverit.Sowemuststayhere.”TheLionlooksattheditchandsays,“Icanjumpoverit.”“Canyou?”theScarecrowsays.“That’sgood.Youcantakeusacrossonyourback,onebyone.”“Whowantstogofirst?”theLionsays.“Me!”theScarecrowsaysandhegetsontheLion’sback.TheLionjumpsacrosstheditcheasily.ThenhejumpsbackandtakesDorothyandToto.FinallyhetakestheTinWoodmanacrosstheditch.Laterintheafternoon,theyetoawideriver.“Howcanwecrosstheriver?”Dorothyasks.“Easy!”theScarecrowreplies.“TheTinWoodmancancutdownsometreesandbuildaraft.Wecancrosstheriveronthat.”“That’sagoodidea,”theLionsaystotheScarecrow,“Onewouldbelieveyouhadbrainsinyourhead,insteadofstraw!”Butittakestimetomakearaft,andit’sverylatewhentheTinWoodmanfinishesit.Sotheyfindacozyplaceunderthetreeswheretheysleepwelluntilthemorning.Thatnight,DorothydreamsofflyingtotheEmeraldCityandfindingthegoodWizardOz,whowouldsoonsendherbacktoKansas.(AdaptedfromTheWizardofOz)24．Totakehisfriendsacrosstheditchonhisback,theLionjumps________times.A．four B．five C．six D．seven25．WhatistheScarecrowlikeinthepassage?A．Luckyandfriendly B．Braveandclever C．Unkindandselfish D．Sadandcool.26．Whichisthecorrectorderofwhathappensinthestory?a.Laterintheafternoon,theyetoawideriver.

b.TheTinWoodmancutssomewoodandmakesafire.

c.Theysleepwellunderthetrees.

d.TheScarecrowgetsontheLion’sback.A．badc B．cbda C．cdab D．bdac27．Whichofthefollowingistheunderlinedword“raft”?A． B． C． D．28．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A．TheLiongoestotheforesttofindsomefoodforDorothyassupper.B．TheScarecrowisthefirstonetocrosstheditchonthelion’sback.C．TheTinWoodmanspendslittletimebuildingtheraftbecauseitiseasy.D．DorothyflewtotheEmeraldCityandfoundthegoodWizardOz.（2022·贵州铜仁·一模）HerearefourmessagesonAlanMarshall’sanswerphone.Monday9:21Alan?Alan,ifyou’reathome,pleaseanswerthephone,areyoureallynotthere?Well,I’djustliketosaythatI’mveryangryyouandyourfatheristoo.Youknowhowmuchhelovesourmonthlyfamilylunches.Thisisthefifthoneyou’vemissed.Ihopeyou’vegotareallygoodreasonthistime.Oh,umm,thisisyourmotherspeaking.Monday10:02Mr.Marshall,thisisStefiRosen,Mr.Prince’sassistant.I’mcallingtoconfirmtomorrow’slunchwithMr.YamadaofRisingSunputerGames.Mr.Princewantsyoutoknowthatthismeetingisveryimportant.Pleaseremembertobringtheinteractivitydesignswithyou.HesaysthatMr.Yamadaisreadytopayfortheworldrightsonyournewgame!TherestaurantisTheFourStarsinGowerStreetandI’vebookedatableforquarterpastone.Bethereontimeplease!Monday11:23MynameisKarenMiller.I’maproduceratInteractiveputerGames,Australia.Isawyourname“KilltheEnemy!”atInternationalputerGameFair.IthinkyourworkisgreatandI’dliketodiscussbuyingtherightsformypartoftheworld.Someoneatthefairsaidthatyou’veworkingonanewgamewhichisevenmoreinteractive.Howinteractivecanyouget?Perhapswecaninteractoverlunch?I’minLondonuntilWednesday.Mymobilenumberis0277476130800.Monday12:30Hello,sweetheart.It’sDaisy.Didyouhaveagoodweekend?How’sthenewgamegoing?IhadmyhaircutyesterdayandIcan’twaittoseeyou.Shallwehavelunchtomorrow?Imissyou.Bye.29．Fromthepassage,weknowthatAlan’sparentsdon’twanthimtomiss_________.A．thenewgame B．thephonecall C．theirmonthlyfamilylunches D．agoodweekend30．Theunderlinedword“confirm”isclosestinmeaningto“_________”.A．putoff B．makesure C．checkin D．referto31．KarenMillermadeaphonecalltoAlanMarshallin_________.A．London B．Australia C．HongKong D．NewYork32．KarenMillerwouldliketo_________.A．playthegamesAlanMarshalldesigned B．discussthenewgamewithAlanMarshoverlunchC．playgameswithAlanMarshall D．buythegamerightsforthewholeworld33．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat_________.A．Alan’sparentsareverypatientandnevergetsangrywithhim.B．Mr.Prince’sassistantiscarelessandalwaysmakeswrongphonecalls.C．AlanwillhaveabusinessdinnerwithMr.Yamadatomorrow.D．Alanisasuccessfulputergamedesignerandisalwaysverybusy.参考答案：1．B2．A3．B4．C5．D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了冬奥会使用的相关技术。1．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“TheNationalSpeedSkatingOval(theIceRibbon)saw12newOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord,includingChinesespeedskaterGaoTingyu’sOlympicrecordof34.32secondsinthemen’s500meters.”可知，高亭宇获得了金牌，所以速度是最快的。故选B。2．词句猜测题。根据文中的句子“the12,000squaremeterrink(冰场)hasreceivedverygoodfeedbackfromtheathletes.”可知，此处的it指代之前提到的溜冰场。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Itcooledtheiceandkeptthetemperaturechangesonthesurfacewithinjusthalfofonedegree(度).”可知，是为了保持冰的低温。故选B。4．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Thissystemallowsathletesandcoachesto‘see’winddirectlythroughrealtimedata(数据)ontheirpads,anddecidewhenandwheretojump”可知，这个系统可以帮助运动员准确地测量风。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“AllthesehelpedkeepChina’spromisetoholdan“athletecentered”Olympics”可知，2022年北京冬奥会以人为中心。故选D。6．B7．A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了第七次人口普查的结果。6．细节理解题。根据“Population1.4118million”和“Maletofemaleratio”可知，没有死亡率，故选B。7．推理判断题。根据“60andabove18.7%（up5.44percentagepointsfrom2010）”和“AccordingtotheUN’straditionalstandard,onceacountry’soraregion’soldpeopleover60yearsoldtakeup10%ofthetotalpopulation,thecountryortheregionwillberegardedtoenteranagingsociety.”可知，中国60岁以上的老年人占总人口的18.7%，超过10%，所以中国正步入老龄化社会。故选A。8．A9．C10．A11．B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了在2021年教育系统出台了“双减”政策，然后通过几个学生的自述叙述了“双减”政策对学生们的影响。8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Heishappythathehaslesshomeworkthanbeforeandhecanfinishitatschoolwithnoneedtotakeithome.”和“ShenYuzhesaid,‘I’malsohappytofindtherearefewerexams.’”可知沈玉哲是高兴的，因为现在有更少的作业和更少的考试。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据最后一段“mymotherisworriedthatIwilllosethechancetoreviewwhatI’velearnedinclasswithoutenoughhomework.SoIhavelotsofafterschoolclasses.”可知于芷月的妈妈因为学校作业少而担心孩子得不到充分的复习，所以给孩子安排了许多课后补课班。由此可推断，于芷月的妈妈希望孩子努力学习，绝不能放松。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第二段中沈玉哲因为“双减”政策减少了作业和考试，第三段中张航明因为“双减”政策而增加了学习爱好、特长的时间，第四段中于芷月因为“双减”政策有了更多的课后补习班，可知本文的目的主要是为了向大家展示“双减”政策对学生们的影响。故选A。11．篇章结构题。第一段提出“双减”政策，总述其概念。第二段通过学生自述，分述了“双减”政策给学生带来的积极影响。第三段通过学生自述，分述了“双减”政策给学生带来的消极影响。故选B。12．B13．A14．D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了在2020年东京奥运会上表现出色的五位运动员成功的诀窍。12．细节理解题。根据“QuanHongchan,diving...Besides,anAItrainingsystemalsohelpedhertrain.”可知，人工智能训练系统帮助全红婵训练。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据“LiuYang,gymnastics...Thebestresultsefrombeingfullyprepared.That’strueforapetitionorforgettingreadytotakeatest.Duringthewholetraining,donotforgettohavefun.”可知，训练时，充分的准备及享受乐趣对刘杨来说很重要。故选A。14．推理判断题。根据“SuBingtian,100mrace...Idon’treallyagreethatthisisalreadythebestscoreforAsianbornrunners.”可知，亚洲的赛跑运动员有可能打破世界纪录。故选D。15．A16．B17．A18．B19．D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了很多孩子花费太多的时间在上，妨碍了重要的健康活动。文中介绍了一些平衡使用和健康生活的技巧。15．推理判断题。根据“Achangeinbehaviorcanbeasigntheyhavemetproblemsonline—makesuretheyknowtheycanalwaysspeaktoyouoranotheradult.”可知，Jimmy可以通过和别人交谈来解决上网的烦恼，故选A。16．推理判断题。根据“Educationmatters

Makesureyouandyourchildrenknowandkeeptotheschoolrulesonscreentime.”可知，能帮助Anne遵守在学校使用的规则，故选B。17．细节理解题。根据“Leavephonesoutsidethebedroomwhenitisbedtime.”可知，当睡觉的时候，把放在卧室外面，这有利于睡眠，因此A项与原文相符，故选A。18．推理判断题。根据文中数字1“Movearound!”表示“动起来！”对应的图画是“Ⅱ”，因此应把Ⅱ放在第一个；文中数字2“Safetywhenout”表示“安全外出”对应的图画是“Ⅲ”，因此应把Ⅲ放在第二个；文中数字3“Talkinghelps”表示“交谈可以帮助”对应的图画是“Ⅰ”，因此把Ⅰ放在第三个，因此正确的顺序为Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅰ，故选B。19．推理判断题。根据“Parentsandcarersshouldnevergetkids’photospostedunlesstheyagree,evenonlyopentoyourbestfriends.”可知，本文是为父母写的，故选D。20．B21．C22．D23．C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了著名的农学家袁隆平的故事。20．细节理解题。根据“Thewellknownagronomist(农学家)wasbornin1930.”可知，袁隆平是一位农学家。故选B。21．细节理解题。根据“Heisfamousfordevelopingthefirsthybridrice.HehashelpedsavenotonlyChinabutalsotheworldfromstarvation(饥饿).”可知，袁隆平因帮助人们摆脱饥饿而出名。故选C。22．词义猜测题。根据“feedingnearlyonefifthoftheworld’spopulationwithlessthan9percentofthewo