2024秋高中英语Unit17LaughterPeriodSixGrammar学案北师大版选修6

PAGE1-Unit17LaughterPeriodSixGrammar单元语法(一)——过去完成进行时[语法图解][语法感悟]单句语法填空1．Beforethelastbuscame,Ihad_been_waiting(wait)forhalfanhour.2．Untilthenshehad_been_living(live)withherdaughter.3．Ididn'tknowthatyouhad_been_looking(look)forthatbook.4．Ithad_been_raining(rain)fortwodayswhenwearrived,sotheroadswereverymuddy.5．Hisarmsweresunburntbecausehehad_been_sitting(sit)inthesunallday.6．Hefeltverytiredbecausehehad_been_working(work)inthefieldforatleastfivehours.一、过去完成进行时的基本用法过去完成进行时表示一个动作从过去某时起先，始终持续到另一个过去时刻，到那个时刻，该动作可能刚刚终止，也有可能还在接着，其构成形式为“hadbeen＋v.­ing”。如：Wehadbeenwaitingforhimforaboutanhourbythetimehecame.当他来的时候，我们已经等他大约一个小时了。(动作刚刚终止)Howlonghaditbeenrainingafterhelefthome?在他离开家后，雨下了有多长时间了？(动作可能还在进行)1．过去完成进行时所表示的动作与过去的时间的关系，可以用时间状语来表示，也可以通过上下文来表示。如：Bytheendoflastmonththeyhadbeenworkinghereforabouttendays.到上个月末为止，他们在这里工作大约有十天了。Shesaidthatshehadbeenlisteningtoradioafterschool.她说她放学后始终在听收音机。2．像work,study,stay,sing,teach等持续性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，用过去完成进行时可以表示一个动作始终持续到过去某一时刻，通常强调动作的持续性和不间断性。如：Shehadbeenstudyingfortwohourswhenherclassmatecametovisither.当她的同学来看她的时候，她学习有两个小时了。Theyhadonlybeenwaitingforthebusforafewmomentswhenitcame.他们只等了一会儿公共汽车就来了。[即学即用1]单句语法填空1．Ithad_been_raining(rain)foraweekandthestreetswereflooded.2．Atlastthebuscame,Ihad_been_waiting(wait)forhalfanhour.3．Hegaveupsmokinglastyear.Hehad_been_smoking(smoke)fortwentyyears.二、过去完成进行时和过去完成时的区分过去完成时指在过去某一时刻前动作已完成，强调对过去产生的结果和影响。过去完成进行时强调在过去某时起先的一个动作正在进行，不强调结果和影响。Shehadcleanedtheoffice,soitwasverytidy.她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整齐。(强调结果)Shehadbeencleaningtheoffice,sowehadtowaitoutside.她始终在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。(强调动作始终在进行)Theyhadbeentrainingforthreehourswhenthecoachtoldthemtohaveabreak.当教练要他们休息时他们已经连续练习了三个小时。(强调动作始终在进行)三、过去完成进行时与过去进行时的区分过去进行时主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行。而过去完成进行时则强调在过去某个时间之前始终在持续的动作。IwaswatchingTVatthreeyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午三点我在看电视。Wewereextremelytiredattheendofthejourney.Wehadbeentravelingfor20days.在旅程结束的时候我们都累极了。我们已经走了20天。[即学即用2]单句语法填空1．Iwas_cooking(cook)inthekitchenwhenheknockedatthedoor.2．Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshad_run(run)away.3．Hehad_been_writing(write)articlesforournewspaperbeforewenamedhimeditor.4．Ihad_known(know)aboutthecasebeforeIreadthenewspaper.单元语法(二)——进行时态和非进行时态[语法图解][语法感悟]单句语法填空1．Wego(go)toworkat8o'clockinthemorning.2．Theplanearrived(arrive)tenminutesago.3．Heis_reading(read)anovelnow.4．Shehas_been(be)illforawholeweek.5．Ihave_been_studying(study)theproblemthese15days.6．Wehad_learned(learn)1,500Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.一、进行时态和非进行时态的区分进行时态表示动作未完成，非进行时态表示动作已完成。1．动作正在发生或进行，还没有完成。Thelittlegirlwashavinglunch.那个小女孩正在吃午饭。(正在吃的过程中)Thelittlegirlhadlunch.那个小女孩吃过午饭了。(饭吃完了)2．进行时态表示短暂的动作，非进行时态表示永久的动作。Theywerelivingonthehillthesedays.这几天他们住在山上。(仅在某段时间内)Theylivedonthehill.他们住在山上。(永久性的)3．进行时态表示较长时间内反复进行的动作，非进行时态表示一次性动作。She'sconstantlycomplaining.她不停地埋怨。(反复地)Shealsocomplained.她也埋怨。(一次)4．进行时态侧重于时间的持续，非进行时态侧重于说明事实。Itwasrainingcatsanddogslastnight.昨晚整整一夜都在下滂沱大雨。(强调雨没停，始终在持续)Itrainedcatsanddogslastnight.昨晚下了滂沱大雨。(只强调下过大雨)[即学即用1]单句语法填空1．Thethreeofustravelled(travel)aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.2．Sheoftencame(come)tohelpuswhenshewashere.3．ThisisjusttheletterIhave_been_expecting(expect)．4．Wehadhopedthatyouwould_come(come),butyoudidn't.5．Duringthesummerof2024,shewas_travelling(travel)inEurope.二、一般不用进行时态的动词1．表示心理活动的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有love,like,hate,know,understand,realize,remember,believe,want,hope,wish,need,agree等。Sheunderstandsyoubetternow.她现在更理解你了。Shelovesswimmingbetterthanrunning.她喜爱游泳胜于跑步。2．表示属性或拥有的动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词(短语)有have,own,possess,belongto,haveon,consistof等。ThisdictionarybelongstoPeter.这本字典是彼得的。3．表示感官的连系动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有seem,appear,look,sound,taste等。feel用于进行时态表示一时的感觉。Themusicsoundsbeautiful.这首曲子听起来很美。I'mnotfeelingwelltoday.我今日感觉不适。4．表示行为结果的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有accept,admit,receive,allow,decide,promise等。Iacceptyouradvice.我接受你的建议。[即学即用2]单句语法填空1．Theboyfeels(feel)hotontheforehead,sohemustbesenttohospitalatonce.2．Itwon'tbelongbeforesuchathinghappens(happen)again.3．Iwon'tspeaktohimunlessheapologizes(apologize)tome.4．Youarealwayswatching(watch)TV.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive?5．Helenhad_left(leave)herkeysintheoffice,soshehadtowaituntilherhusbandcame(come)home.6．I'msorryyouhave_been_waiting(wait)solong,butitwillstillbesometimebeforeBriangetsback.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespearemakes(make)hischaracterslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.2．Getoutinthefreshairandsunshine,andyouwill_feel(feel)refreshed.3．Iwill_be_attending(attend)aconferenceatthistimetomorrow.4．Fortunately,allthepassengerssurvived(survive)theaccident.5．WhenAlicewokeup,shedidnotknowhowlongshehad_been_lying(lie)there.6．Thetwofriendshad_been_chatting(chat)ontheInternetforthreehoursthatnight,andtheywouldgoontillthenextmorning.7．Ihad_been_working(work)onmathforthewholeafternoonandthenumbersswambeforemyeyes.8．Theyreceivedtheparcelthattheyhad_been_expecting(expect)foralongtime.9．I'mtired.Ihave_been_working(work)thewholemorning.10．WhenIenteredtheroom,shewas_reviewing(review)herlessonsthen.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Ihad_always_been_expectinghimtosaythathewantedtoquit,butheneverdidthat.我始终希望他自己说出不想参与了，但