2024-2025学年新教材高中英语课时作业5Unit2OnwardsandupwardsUsinglanguage含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit2Ⅰ.阅读理解EveryyearinAmerica,high­schoolstudentswhowanttogoontocollegetakeanationalexaminationcalledtheScholasticAptitudeTest,orSATforshort.Theirscoreisanimportantfactorindeterminingwhichcollegeswilladmitthem.TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone'smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,handwrittenonthespot.That'saninterestingwaytotestwritingability,butcontentaside.Haveyoueverseenyoungpeople'shandwritinglately?Oranyone'sforthatmatter,inthisageofcomputerkeyboards?Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.Theyscribbleclassnotesinwhatcangenerouslybedescribedasthewrittenword.Yettoday'skidsareaskedtowrite,thoughtfullyandclearly,forseveralminutesonthisSATtest.Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl(潦草的笔迹)ofyoungpeoplewho'vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree!Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone'sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployers.Anddon'tforget,weallhavetousehandwritingfromtimetotime,ascomputersgodownwhenthepowergoesout.Thenhowtoimprovethehandwriting?Well,withafewsimplestepsyoucanimproveyourhandwriting.Positionthepen.Youshouldholdthepenbetweentheforefingerandthethumb.Youshouldthenrestitnearthefirstknuckle(指节)ofthemiddlefinger.Therestofyourfingersshouldbecurled(卷曲)underyourhandandyourhandshouldremainrelaxed.Evaluateyourwriting.Whatdoyoulikeandwhatdon'tyoulikeaboutthewayyouwrite?Makechangestoyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.Takeyourtime.Makesurethat,whileyouarewriting,youtakeyourtime.Speedcandefinitelymakeyourwritingterrible.Ifitisworthwritingwell,thentakeyourtime.Practice.Practiceitalot;it'snotenoughtodoitonceandhopeforthebest.Ithastobesomethingyouworkattomakegreatimprovements.这是一篇说明文。在美国，每年想要上高校的中学生都要参与一项叫作学术实力倾向测试的全国考试，简称SAT。这个考试增加了当场书写部分，但是当前学生不注意书写，因此短文也介绍了如何提高书写的建议。所以此项改革会督促学生练字。1．Atpresent,theSATtestsstudentson________.A．math,English,readingandwriting B．math,grammar,readingandhandwritingC．math,foreignlanguageandwritingD．math,foreignlanguageandhandwriting答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。由第一段以及其次段“TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone'smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,handwrittenonthespot.”可知，学业实力倾向测验衡量一个人的数学实力和对英语的运用。传统上，英语部分涉及语法问题和测试阅读理解的段落。但是SAT考试增加了一个问题，要求考生当场手写来回答问题。所以目前，SAT考试考查的是学生的数学，语法，阅读和书写。故选B项。2.Theunderlinedword“scribble”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．writingquicklyandroughly B．typingsimplyandcorrectlyC．paintingclearlyandneatlyD．describingproperlyandwell答案：A解析：词义揣测题。由第三段“Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl(潦草的笔迹)ofyoungpeoplewho'vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree！”可知，祝那些必需克服这些潦草的字迹给三岁起就起先在电脑上打字的年轻人的写作评分的人好运。所以通过上下文的语境可以推断出，在第2段画线的“scribble”一词可能是指写得又快又粗略。故选A项。3．Accordingtothetext,goodhandwritingcan________.A．helpstudentspassthetest B．makeastudentmorepopularC．showstudents'ability D．assiststudentsingettingajob答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。由第三段“Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone'sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployers.”可知，老师们坚持认为，好的书写不仅能帮助一个人在SAT考试中取得好成果，而且在以后的生活中，还能给潜在的雇主留下深刻的印象。所以依据短文，好的书写可以帮助学生找工作。故选D项。4．Theauthormainlywantstotellusthat________.A．writingseemstobeveryimportantintheSATB．thosewhowillgotocollegehavetotaketheSATC．studentsshouldpracticehandwritingmoreoftenD．kidsdon'tknowhowtowriteinthecomputerage答案：C解析：推理推断题。通读全文可知，在美国，每年想要上高校的中学生都要参与一项叫作学术实力倾向测试的全国考试，简称SAT。这个考试增加了当场书写部分，但是当前学生不注意书写，因此短文也介绍了如何提高书写的建议。所以此项改革会督促学生练字。所以作者通过这篇短文主要想告知学生应当多练习书写。故选C项。Ⅱ.七选五There'refivefactorswhichcontributetothespreadoffakenews:politicalgain;misreporting;goingviral(病毒式传播);financialgain;and“notlettingthetruthgetinthewayofagoodstory”．__1__WhentheTitanicdisasterhappened,TelegramsstatingthatallthepassengersfromtheTitanichadbeenrescuedwerereportedasfactinnewspapers,beforethefullextentofthetragedycametolight.__2__Intheearly20thcenturyittookyearsratherthansecondsbuttheprinciplewasthesame.Peoplesharedthephotographsaround,notcheckingtheaccuracyofthem,eitherwantingtobelievetheywerereal,orjustbecausetheywereanovelty.It'slongbeenbelievedthatthemottoofFleetStreetwas“neverletthefactsgetinthewayofagoodstory”，illustratedbyanewsstoryearlierin2024thatJeremyCorbynhadrefusedtobowhisheadtotheQueenatthestateopeningofParliament.Onlylaterdiditbecomeknownthatprotocol(礼节)doesn'trequirebowingtotheQueeninthesesituations.__3__Thefinaltwofactorsforastorytobefakenewsoftengohandinhand:asapoliticaltool,andamusttomakeprofit.__4__Easierthanyou'dthink.Thewebsiteswithfakenewscaneasilygetastonishinghits,whichthenattractsadvertisementsandthusearnthewebsiteownersaniceprofit.Thegoodnewsisthatanumberofnewmediaorganizationsaretryingtoencourageustothinkaboutwherenewscomesfrom,whoputsitout,andwhetheranyonecangainpolitically,financiallyorideologicallybyit,beforeweshareitaroundsocialmedia.__5__A．Howdoesthatmakemoney?B．Howdopeoplegainpolitically?C．Butthatdidn'tmatter,thestorywasout.D．Hereisagoodexampleofmisreporting.E．Thatwashowagoodstorycameintobeing.F．Goingviralisanothertypicalcharacteristicoffakenews.G．Thuswecangiveitcertainrespectabilityandtrustworthiness.本文是一篇说明文，传播虚假新闻有五个缘由，文章对这五个缘由做了举例说明并建议人们在传播信息之前要细致思索这个消息的来源以及谁能够从中获利等，以此来确定新闻的真实性。1．D解析：横线后一句“WhentheTitanicdisasterhappened,TelegramsstatingthatallthepassengersfromtheTitanichadbeenrescuedwerereportedasfactinnewspapers”告知我们当泰坦尼克号沉没的时候，新闻报道说全部乘客都获救了。这属于典型的虚假新闻，列举的是错误报道的例子，所以D项“Hereisagoodexampleofmisreporting.”符合语境，故选择D项。2．F解析：横线后一句“Intheearly20thcenturyittookyearsratherthansecondsbuttheprinciplewasthesame.”告知我们在20世纪早期虚假新闻的传播要好几年，而现在只要几秒钟。虽然时间差别很大，但是这种病毒式传播虚假新闻的原则是一样的，所以F项“Goingviralisanothertypicalcharacteristicoffakenews.”符合语境，故选择F项。3．C解析：横线前一句中列举事例告知我们事实上JeremyCorbyn在国会上并不须要向女王鞠躬，但他拒绝向女王鞠躬