2024秋高中英语Module5TheGreatSportsPersonalitySectionⅡGrammar-复习状语从句学案含解析外研版必修5

PAGEModule5TheGreatSportsPersonalitySectionⅡGrammar——复习状语从句[语法图解][课文原句感知]①Whenheretiredattheageof26,hehadwon106goldmedalsinmajorcompetitionsacrosstheworld.②Astheleadercomesintothestadiumtorunthelastfewmetresofthe42­kilometrerace,thecrowdrisestoitsfeettoshoutandcheer.③Ifyougointoaschooloruniversityanywhere,thechancesareyouwillseestudentsinLiNingtracksuitswiththefamiliarlogo.④Buteventhoughhehadwoneverythingitwaspossibletowininhissport,LiNingretiredwiththefeelingthathehadfailed.⑤WheneverChineseathletesstepoutontothetrackduringthe2008Olympics,theywillbewearingLiNingtracksuits.⑥WhileIdon'tlikehisdesignatall,Iattendedthemeeting.[语法领悟](1)句①和句②用了时间状语从句；句③用了条件状语从句；句④、句⑤和句⑥用了让步状语从句。(2)whenever引导让步状语从句时可以用no_matter_when来替代。一、时间状语从句1．when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生，从句谓语动词为持续性动词或非持续性动词。WhenIlivedthere，IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。[名师点津]when还可作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，常用于beabouttodo...when...；bedoing...when...；hadjustdone...when...；beonthepointofdoing...when...等结构中。2．while引导的时间状语从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句的谓语动词为持续性动词。Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.别人工作时，请别大声谈话。[名师点津]while还可表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；也可作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。WhileIunderstandyouropinion，Idon'tagreewithyou.尽管我明白你的观点，但我不赞成。Heisstrongwhilehisbrotherisweak.他长得很牢固，而他弟弟却很瘦弱。3．as引导的时间状语从句的动作与主句动作交替进行或同时发生，可译为“随着；一边……一边……”。Asyougrowolder，you'llknowbetterandbetteraboutyourself.随着年龄的增长，你会越来越了解你自己。4．till和until在确定句中主句谓语动词应是持续性的，而在否定句中主句谓语动词应是非持续性的；till不行位于句首，而until可以。Iwaitedattheschoolgateuntil/tillhecame.我在校门口始终等到他来。Ididn'tleaveuntil/tillhecameback.直到他回来我才离开。[名师点津]not...until句型的强调句和倒装句Notuntilnineo'clockyesterdayeveningdidwefinishthework.直到昨晚九点，我们才完成这项工作。Itwasnotuntilnineo'clockyesterdayeveningthatwefinishedthework.直到昨晚九点，我们才完成这项工作。5．before意为“在……之前；还未……就……；……才……；还没来得及……就……”。before引导时间状语从句的常用句型：①Itwas＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时)“过了多久才……”Itwassometimebeforewerealizedthetruth.过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。②Itwasn'tlong＋before从句(一般过去时)“不久就……”Itwasn'tlongbeforetherestoftheteamlearnedwhatwashappening.没过多久团队的其他人就明白了这是怎么回事。③Itwillbe＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)“要过多久才……”ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.半年之后我才会回来。④Itwon'tbelong＋before从句(一般现在时)“不久就……”Itwon'tbelongbeforewemeetagain.不久我们就会再见面。6．since意为“自从……以来”，since引导的从句的时态若是一般过去时，则主句的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。since常用于以下句型：Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...“自从……以来多久了”，从句谓语用短暂性动词时，表示动作持续了多久；用持续性动词时，表示动作停止了多久。It'salongtimesincewemetlast.自从我们上次见面以来已经好长时间了。Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehesmoked.他戒烟已经三年了。7．assoonas，immediately，directly，instantly，themoment/minute/instant，nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...等都可引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。IrecognizedherthemomentIsawher.我一望见她就认出她来了。[名师点津]nosooner...than...和hardly...when...结构中，nosooner与hardly引导的主句谓语动词常用过去完成时，而than与when的从句中的谓语动词常用一般过去时。如：Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.我们刚到车站，火车就离站了。8．thefirsttime，every/eachtime，nexttime，bythetime等也可引导时间状语从句。ThefirsttimehewenttoShanghai，hepaidavisittohisformerteacher.第一次去上海，他就探望了他以前的老师。[即学即练1](1)单句语法填空①Iwasabouttosaywhenyouinterruptedme.②Itwillnotbelongbeforeyougetusedtothelifehere.③Immediately(immediate)hecameback,hismothertoldhimthenews.(2)句型转换④Hismotherwenttobedafterhecameback.→Hismotherdidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhecameback.⑤ThemomentIsawhim,Igavehimallthebooks.→IgavehimallthebooksassoonasIsawhim.⑥Hecametoourschoolthreemonthsago.→Itisthreemonthssincehecametoourschool.二、条件状语从句1．if引导条件状语从句表示正面的条件，意为“假如”；unless(＝ifnot)引导条件状语从句，表示负面的条件，意为“除非，假如不”。Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.假如你考试不及格，你会让他悲观的。Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.＝Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeifyoudonotstartearlier.假如你不早点动身，你就不能刚好赶到那儿。[名师点津]if从句还表示不行能实现的条件或根本不行能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty.假如我是你，我会邀请他参与聚会。IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.假如没有堵车，我会到得早一点儿。2．incase,onconditionthat,providing/provided(that),supposing/suppose(that)等引导的条件状语从句，表示“假如，假使；在……条件下”(比if更为书面化)。Hewon'tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovidedthatweaskforhisadviceinadvance.假如我们提前征求一下他的看法，他就不会在会上反对我们。[名师点津]incase所引导的从句为主句的动作供应理由，从句接一般现在时、一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”这一虚拟语气。Don'tgoouttomorrowmorningincaseMrLishouldcometovisityou.明天上午不要出去，以防李先生来看你。3．so/aslongas/onconditionthat引导条件状语从句时，表示“只要”。As/SolongasIknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.只要我知道钱是平安的，我就不会担忧。[即学即练2](1)单句语法填空①Ifhecomes(come)toseeme,Iwilltellhimwhathashappened.②IfIwere(be)you,Iwouldnotdoitlikethis.(2)完成句子③只要你能按时来参与会议，老板就会兴奋的。Thebosswillbehappysolongasyoucanattendthemeetingontime.④除非他邀请我，否则我是不会去参与他的聚会的。Iwon'tgotohispartyunlessheinvitesme.三、让步状语从句1．though,although,evenif,eventhough都有“虽然，即使，尽管”的意思，evenif,eventhough语气较强，though和although语气较弱。though不如although正式；though可用于假设，although用于陈述“事实”。Hewillnevertellyouthetruthevenifheknowsit.即使他知道真相，他也绝不会告知你(们)。[名师点津]though和although不与but连用，但可与yet或still连用。Althoughshehasalotofmoney,yet/stillsheisnothappy.虽然她有许多钱，但她并不欢乐。2．while也可引导让步状语从句，突出对比主句和从句所表示的两种状况。Whileheisyoung,heisexperienced.他虽然年轻，却有阅历。3．疑问词＋ever引导让步状语从句时相当于“nomatter＋疑问词”，二者可换用。但“nomatter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词＋ever”中的whatever,whoever,whomever等还可引导名词性从句。Whatever(＝Nomatterwhat)happens,wewillnotchangeourmind.无论发生什么事，我们都不会变更想法。It'sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhatever(≠nomatterwhat)he/shewants.一个小孩想要什么就给他/她什么，一般被认为是不明智的。4．though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，但as引导的让步状语从句必需倒装。要把从句中作表语的名词(提前后，不带冠词)或形容词、作状语的副词或作谓语的实义动词提前。Hardasshetried,shefailedtopasstheexam.尽管她努力了，但还是没有通过考试。Failashedid,hewouldnevergiveup.尽管失败了，他也决不会放弃。Intelligentstudentasheis,hedoesn'tstudyhard.尽管他是个聪慧的学生，但他学习不努力。[即学即练3]完成句子①尽管他是个孩子，但他会说三种语言。Childas/thoughheis,_hecanspeakthreelanguages.②他很忙。即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。Heissobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimewithhissonevenifhewantsto.③无论你选择谁，我都会支持你。Whoeveryouchoose,_Iwillsupportyou.链接高考——单句语法填空1．(2024·北京)Ifwedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.2．(2024·北京)Howeverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities.3．(2024·江苏)Unlessyoucansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.4．(20