专题八　动词的时态 中考英语语法精准通关

专题八动词的时态考情分析明方向1知识建构晓脉络2知识点深挖夯基础3命题点探究拓思维4分层强化练速提能5

知识点考查题型具体考查内容一般现在

时短文填空(2024)75.

believe回答问题(2024)

76.is

77.pair

up(2023)77.

reviews

78.

replays

80.

matters(2022)76.

is

77.

is

78.

takes

79.

should

do知识点考查题型具体考查内容一般过去时语法选择(2024)31.gets，got，will

get(2022)39.

tell，

tells，

told短文填空(2023)68.

cleaned回答问题(2024)78.lasted

79.became

80.became(2023)76.

discovered知识点考查题型具体考查内容一般将来时回答问题(2022)80.

will

invite现在进行时语法选择(2023)40.

study，

is

studying，

was

studying过去进行时//现在完成时短文填空(2024)68.has

grown

a

lot(2022)72.

has

become

popular

一般现在时1.

一般现在时的构成一般现在时通常用“主语＋am/is/are＋…”或“主语＋动词

原形/第三人称单数＋…”表示，常见的标志词有often、usually、

sometimes、every

day、once

a

week、on

Monday等。2.

一般现在时的用法用法例句说明表示经常性或

习惯性的动作

或存在的状态I

leave

home

for

school

at

7

every

day.常与always、

often、

usually、

sometimes、every

day等频度副词

或时间状语连用用法例句说明表示客

观事实

或普遍

真理The

earth

goes

around

the

sun.He

said

light

travels

faster

than

sound.如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主

句是过去时，从句中谓语动词也

要用一般现在时用法例句说明按计划

或时间

表发生

的动作The

Flight

M398

takes

off

at

3

p.m.

tomorrow.一般现在时表示将来肯定会发生

的动作，常见的动词有come、

go、

move、

stop、

leave、

finish、

start等用法例句说明在时间、条件状语

从句中，用一般现

在时表将来I’ll

tell

you

when

I

arrive

in

Beijing

tomorrow.I’ll

go

fishing

if

the

weather’s

fine

next

week.主句是将来时，时间

状语从句或条件状语

从句用一般现在时

(

A

)1.

(2024北京)

A

lot

of

people

in

China

by

high-speed

train

every

year.A.travelB.traveledC.will

travelD.have

traveledA(

A

)2.

(2024河北)

Jenny

is

an

early

bird.

She

at

6:00

in

the

morning.A.

gets

upB.got

upC.will

get

upD.has

got

upA(

A

)3.(2023凉山改编)－Are

you

going

to

see

the

panda

Huahua

at

the

Chengdu

Research

Base

tomorrow？－Sure.

If

I

the

chance，

perhaps

I

can’t

see

her

any

longer

this

holiday.A.missB.missedC.will

missD.am

missingA

一般过去时1.

一般过去时的构成一般过去时通常用“主语＋was/were或动词过去式”表示。

动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。(1)规则变化(见专题七知识点1中的过去式的变化规则)(2)不规则变化(见《晨读手册》P72～P75的不规则动词表)2.

一般过去时的用法用法例句说明表示过去发

生的动作或

存在的状态Where

did

you

go

just

now？常与yesterday、last

week、an

hour

ago、the

other

day、in

1981

等表示过去的时间状语连用用法例句说明表示过去的

习惯或某一

段时间经常

性的动作When

I

was

a

child，

I

often

played

in

the

yard.常与always、usually、often、

sometimes、never等频率副词连

用用法例句说明用于时

间状语

从句中He

has

worked

in

the

school

since

he

moved

here

in

2020.用于since引导的时间状语从

句，主句的谓语动词如果用现

在完成时，从句要用一般过去

时

(

B

)4.

(2024北京)－What

did

you

do

last

Saturday，

Tina？－I

to

the

nursing

home

and

worked

as

a

volunteer

there.A.goB.wentC.will

goD.was

goingB(

D

)5.

(2024西藏)

He

have

breakfast

because

he

woke

up

late

this

morning.A.doesB.didC.doesn’tD.didn’tD

一般将来时1.

一般将来时的构成一般将来时通常用“主语＋shall/will/be

going

to＋动词原形

＋…”来表示，有些动词可以用现在进行时来表示将来时。2.

一般将来时的用法用法例句说明表示将来会发生的动作或存

在的状态，常与表示将来的

时间状语连用I

will

be

free

tomorrow.

He’ll

arrive

here

tonight.

表达没有主观

性，是“纯粹的

将来动作”用法例句说明事先考虑、打算、计划要做

的事，用“be

going

to＋动

词原形”He

is

going

to

spend

his

holidays

in

London.表示主语的

意图、打算主语是I或we时，问句中使

用shallWhen

shall

we

meet

tomorrow

morning？表示征求对

方意见续表用法例句说明现在进行时表

示将来Go

ahead，

and

I’m

coming.常见的动词有come、

go、leave、start等be

about

to＋

动词原形The

new

school

year

is

about

to

begin.表示即将发生的动作

(

D

)6.

(2024河北)

I’m

expecting

a

friend.I’m

afraid

I

later.A.orderB.orderedC.was

orderingD.will

orderD(

D

)7.

(2024天津)

－Jane

and

I

a

picnic

this

Sunday.

Would

you

like

to

come

with

us？－Sure.

See

you

then.A.hadB.have

hadC.were

havingD.are

going

to

haveD

现在进行时1.

现在进行时的构成现在进行时通常用“主语＋am/is/are＋动词的现在分词

＋…”来表示。动词的现在分词的变化规则(详见专题七知识点1

中的现在分词的变化规则)2.

现在进行时的用法用法例句说明表示现在

正在进行

的动作He

is

waiting

for

you

at

the

school

gate

now.Look！

The

man

is

flying

a

kite

at

the

square.在句中常有now等时间状语

或Look！/

Listen！等提示词

语用法例句说明表示目前一段时

间内正在进行的

动作或存在的状

态Mr.Green

is

writing

another

novel

these

days.说话时未必在做，是

现阶段所处的状态用现在进行时表

示将要发生的动

作They

are

leaving

for

Hong

Kong，China

tomorrow.常用的动词有come、

go、

leave、

arrive、

start等用法例句说明现阶段反复

发生的动作

或状态You

are

always

changing

your

mind.与always、forever等词连

用，往往带有说话人的主观

色彩

(

A

)8.

(2024武威)

Tom

the

dog

at

the

moment.A.

is

walkingB.

walksC.

has

walkedD.

walkedA(

D

)9.

(2024长春)

Look！

The

students

an

art

class

in

the

park.A.haveB.were

havingC.hadD.are

havingD(

B

)10.(2024乐山改编)

－Hello，

may

I

speak

to

Jenny，

please？－Wait

a

minute，

please.

She

in

the

kitchen

now.A.cookedB.is

cookingC.will

cookD.was

cookingB

过去进行时1.

过去进行时的构成过去进行时通常用“主语＋was/were＋动词的现在分词

＋…”来表示。2.

过去进行时的用法用法例句说明表示在过去某

一时刻或某段

时间内正在进

行的动作或存

在的状态It

was

raining

when

they

left

the

station.有特定的时间，如at

that

time、

at

that

moment、

at

this

time

yesterday等，或when、

while等引导的时间状语从句用法例句说明过去反复发生

的动作或存在

的状态My

grandfather

was

always

forgetting

things.与always，forever等词连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩用过去进行时表

示过去将发生的

动作He

said

he

was

leaving

for

London

soon.常用的动词有come、

go、

leave、

arrive、

start

等

(

D

)11.

(2024泸州)

Hi，

Ethan.

I

called

you

at

8：00

last

night，

but

you

didn’t

answer.－Sorry，

I

the

dishes.A.

washB.

washedC.

am

washingD.

was

washingD(

B

)12.(2024福建改编)

When

I

saw

Xiao

Wang

yesterday，

he

an

old

man

cross

the

road.A.

helpsB.

was

helpingC.

helpedD.

will

helpB

现在完成时1.

现在完成时的构成现在完成时通常用“主语＋have/has＋动词的过去分词

＋…”来表示。(1)过去分词的规则变化(同动词的过去式的规则变化)(2)过去分词的不规则变化(见《晨读手册》P72～P75的不规则动

词表)2.

现在完成时的用法用法例句说明表示过去发生的

动作对现在产生

的影响或带来的

结果She

has

already

seen

the

film.重心在对现在产生的影响上，

常常与already、

yet、

never、

before等连用续表用法例句说明表示截至现在已完成

或刚完成的动作I’ve

just

done

my

work

and

can

go

with

you.常与already、

just、so

far等

连用用法例句说明表示动作开始于过

去，持续到现在，也

许还要持续下去，该

类用法中要求谓语动

词必须使用延续性动

词They

have

learned

English

for

eight

years.常与till

now、

so

far、

in

the

past

few

days等连用；常与

“for＋时间段”“since＋时

间点/时间状语从句”连用3.

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别例句解读I

saw

this

film

yesterday.昨天我

看了这部电影。陈述以前发生的事情，单纯叙

述过去，与现在无关I

have

seen

this

film.我已经看过

这部电影了。强调过去发生的事对现在的影

响4.

瞬间动词与延续性动词例句解读He

has

borrowed

the

book.

(√)He

has

borrowed

the

book

since

last

week.

(×)He

has

kept

the

book

since

last

week.

(√)瞬间动词表示动作瞬间完

成，可以有现在完成时态，

但不能与表示一段时间的时

间状语连用例句解读He

has

left

the

factory

for

three

years.

(×)He

has

been

away

from

the

factory

for

three

years.

(√)常用相应的延续性动词来代

替瞬间动词，或变为其他形

式的表述注意：许多瞬间动词可以用意思相同或相近的延续性动词来表

示。如：leave→be

away(from)、arrive/reach→be

at/in、

begin→be

on、come/go→be

in/at、finish→be

over、buy→have、

borrow→keep、die→be

dead、join→be

in/be

a

member

of

(

D

)13.

(2024连云港)

As

a

Chinese

traditional

martial

art(武

术)，

Taijiquan

to

more

than

150

countries

all

over

the

world

so

far.A.

spreadsB.

is

spreadingC.

will

spreadD.

has

spreadD(

B

)14.(2024成都改编)

The

astronauts

of

the

Shenzhou－

18

in

the

Tiangong

space

station

for

about

two

months

since

they

were

sent

into

space

in

April

this

year.A.will

workB.have

workedC.are

workingD.

workB(

B

)15.(2024常州)I

Yancheng

Park

several

times，

so

I

know

a

lot

about

it.A.was

visitingB.have

visitedC.visitD.will

visitB

动词的时态在语法选择中的运用★1.根据时间状语标志词，判定动词的时态

(2023广东)Now

David

40

space

science

...40.

A.

studyB.

is

studyingC.

was

studying【思路点拨】根据该句的时间状语“Now”可知，此处表示动作

正在进行，应用现在进行时。故选B。★2.通过段落中或并列的动词的时态判断该处动词的时态(2024广东)When

he

turned

seven，

he

31

￡7

a

week.31.

A.

getsB.

gotC.

will

get【思路点拨】根据从句中的动词“turned”可知，此处时态为一

般过去时。故选B。★3.根据上下文语境暗示，判断动词的时态(2021广东)Now，

the

city

is

hoping

that

the

bridge

37

lots

of

tourists

to

the

area.37.

A.

broughtB.

will

bring

C.

is

bringingD.

was

bringing【思路点拨】根据语境及句意可知，此处指的是对未来的希望，

应用一般将来时。故选B。

动词的时态在短文填空中的运用★1.根据时间状语标志词，判定动词的时态(2024广东)But

since

her

hometown

hosted

the

Asian

Games

in

2023，

her

interest

in

sports

has

68

a

lot.【思路点拨】根据语境及句意可知，此处指她对体育的兴趣增长

了很多，用grow。根据前半句中的“since”及空前的“has”可

知，此处应用现在完成时。故填grown。★2.通过段落中或并列的动词的时态判断该处动词的时态(2023广东)According

to

some

research，

before

toothbrushes

appeared，

the

ancient

Chinese

people

68

their

teeth

with

some

small

tree

branches(树枝).【思路点拨】根据句意及备选词可知，此处指清理牙齿，用

clean。根据before引导的时间状语从句里的动词“appeared”可

知，此处应用一般过去时。故填cleaned。

一、单项填空(

A

)1.

(2024龙东改编)

While

we

an

English

song，

some

visitors

came

into

our

classroom.A.were

singingB.sangC.are

singingD.singA(

D

)2.－Do

you

know

when

Grandpa

us？－Next

Saturday.We

will

give

him

a

surprise

when

he

.A.visits；

will

comeB.visits；

comesC.will

visit；

will

comeD.will

visit；

comesD(

C

)3.－Jim，

I’ve

got

a

problem

with

my

car.

Could

you

help

me？－Sorry，

not

right

now.

I

a

short

video.A.makeB.have

madeC.am

makingD.was

makingC(

B

)4.

Mr.

Smith

at

the

Natural

History

Museum

for

more

than

10

years，

so

he

knows

a

lot

about

insects.A.is

workingB.has

workedC.was

workingD.will

workB(

A

)5.Linda

her

notes

before

doing

homework

every

day.A.reviewsB.was

reviewingC.will

reviewD.has

reviewedA二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空1.

(2024龙东改编)The

teacher

told

us

that

the

earth

(travel)

around

the

sun.2.

Sorry，

buddy.

I

(drive)

at

the

moment.

Can

I

call

you

back

later？3.

We

had

a

school

trip

last

month

and

I

(enjoy)

every

minute

of

it.travels

am

driving

enjoyed

4.

－Have

you

ever

(ride)

a

horse

before？

－Yes，

I

just

rode

a

horse

last

month.5.

We

are

sure

the

fog

(disappear)

soon

and

we

can

drive

back

home

safely.ridden

will

disappear

三、小语篇特训(一)语法选择

When

I

was

a

child，

my

father

helped

me

find

my

interest.

He

would

take

me

to

visit

art

museums，

give

me

books

to

read，

and

let

me

know

that

the

world

1

big.

When

I

became

interested

in

(

A

)1.

A.is B.was C.will

beAastronomy(天文学)as

a

teenager，

he

2

me

my

first

telescope(望

远镜).

He

would

go

out

with

me

even

on

cold

nights

to

see

the

stars

when

the

sky

3

very

clear.

(

B

)2.

A.buy B.bought C.will

buy(

C

)3.

A.is B.are C.wasBCHe

would

tell

me

something

like

“Sara，

you

must

get

a

job

so

that

you

4

yourself

and

not

depend

on

any

man.”

He

would

say

this

almost

in

an

angry

voice，

because

he

had

seen

women

in

his

own

family

would

just

get

married.(

B

)4.

A.support

B.will

support

C.are

supportingB

For

some

reason，

I

always

5

the

stars.

I

didn’t

really

pay

attention

to

science

at

all

until

my

third

year

of

high

school.

I

realized

I

was

really

good

at

science.(

B

)5.

A.loveB.lovedC.will

loveB

(2024济宁一模改编)Every

day

my

mother

gets

up

early

in

the

morning

and

keeps

on

working

till

evening.

One

day，

I

1.

her

at

eight

in

the

evening.

She

said，

“I’ve

just

2.

home

from

the

vineyard

and

haven’t

had

supper

yet.

I

3.

the

clothes

now.”(二)短文填空请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，

使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空不．限．一．词．，每词仅用

一次，有两词为多余项。

speak

call

study

tell

wash

run

get

called

got

am

washing

Although

my

parents

are

busy

and

tired，

they

forget

it

as

soon

as

I

appear.

For

them，

the

happiest

time

is

to

be

with

me.

Once，

when

my

mom

saw

me

walking

towards

home，

she

cried

happily.

Whenever

I

go

back

home，

she

always

4.

into

the

kitchen

to

cook

something

delicious

for

me.runs

Dear

Mom

and

Dad，

I

am

your

hope.

I’ll

take

more

exercise

to

keep

healthy.

I

5.

harder

to

be

excellent

at

school.

Love，

sometimes，

doesn’t

need

many

words.

Love

your

parents

as

they

love

you.

Give

them

a

call

and

tell

them

you

miss

them.will

study

四、短文填空请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，

使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，

有两词为多余项。

(2024石家庄一模改编)Every

day，

your

parents

seem

to

try

to

decide

everything

for

you，

from

the

clothes

you

wear

to

what

time

you

should

go

to

bed.

You