2022高考英语一轮复习Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits学案必修2

Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．flun. 流行性感冒2．X­rayn. X光3．lungn. 肺4．fatn. 脂肪5．awfuladj. 可怕的；吓人的6．throatn. 喉咙；咽喉；嗓子7．symptomn. 症状8．toothachen. 牙痛(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．eyevt. 注视；观看2．headvi. 朝……方向前进3．dietn. 饮食；日常食物vi. 照医生的规定饮食4．captain_n. 队长5．proverbn. 谚语6．lifestylen. 生活方式7．overweightadj. (人)太胖的；超重的(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．fitadj.健康的；强健的→fitnessn.健康→unfit_adj.不健康的2．rareadj.稀少的；罕有的→rarelyadv.稀少地；极少地3．healthn.健康→healthyadj.健康的→unhealthyadj.不健康的；损害健康的4．wealthn.财富→wealthyadj.富裕的；有钱的5．anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的→anxiouslyadv.焦虑地→anxietyn.焦虑；担心；渴望6．injurevt.伤害→injuryn.伤害；损伤；受伤处→injuredadj.受伤的7．painn.疼痛；痛苦→painsn.辛苦；努力→painfuladj.疼痛的→painfullyadv.使人疼痛地；令人痛苦地8．normaladj.正常的；一般的→abnormal→adj.反常的，变态的9．breathn.呼吸→breathevi.呼吸→breathlessadj.(使)气喘吁吁的；(使人)屏息的[语境活用]1．Tokeephealthy,_youcanjoinahealth_clubwherepeoplecandoexerciseregularly.Besides,avoidingunhealthy_dietsisagoodway.(health)2．Heaccumulatedagreatamountofwealth,_butassuchawealthyman,hispersonallifewassurprisinglysimple.(wealth)3．ThepainfulexperienceinthatbigearthquakeremindedMrSmithtotakepainstocareforthehomeless.(pain)4．Thiskindofflowerisrare,_andrarelydoIseeit.(rare)5．Hewasanxioustoleaveandhecouldnothidehisanxiety.(anxious)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．fitadj.健康的；强健的；适合的；能胜任的v.适合；使(衣服)合身；使适应；使胜任n．适合；合身背词条用法(1)befitfor适合；胜任befittodo...适合做……keepfit保持健康(2)fitinwith...与……相处融洽/相适应背写作佳句①Iamquiteinterestedinit.IthinkI'mfitforit.我对它很感兴趣。我想我能胜任。②Inordertostudywell,weneedtodosportssothatwecankeepfit.为了学习好，我们需要锻炼，这样我们才能保持健康。③Sharingwithfriendshelpedmebringbackmyconfidenceandfitinwithothers.与朋友分享帮助我找回了自信，并与他人相处融洽。2．anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的背词条用法(1)beanxiousfor/aboutsth.为某事担心/担忧beanxioustodosth.渴望/急于做某事(2)withanxiety焦虑地；不安地背写作佳句①I'manxiousforthepartytobeasuccess.我热切希望这次聚会取得成功。②IwastoldtheLearningCenterprovideshelpforstudentsandI'我听说学习中心为学生提供帮助，我非常渴望得到您的帮助。③(2020·北京高考书面表达)Immediately,beingthemonitorofourclass,Ifrownedwithendlessanxiety.作为班长，我立刻皱起了眉头，焦虑不已。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．at_least 至少2．put_..._into_... 将……投入……3．lose_weight_ 减肥4．catch_a_cold_ 感冒5．take_exercise 锻炼6．pick_up 用车接；捡起；(偶然)学会7．pay_for 支付；为……付出代价8．be_crazy_about_ 迷恋9．be_connected_with 与……有联系10．have_a_sweet_tooth_ 喜好甜食11．have_a_temperature 发烧12．lie_down 躺下eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．beconnectedwith与……有联系/关系背相关短语(1)connectAwithB把A和B联系起来(2)haveconnectionwith与……有关系inconnectionwith与……有关背写作佳句①RecentlyanotherfreewaywhichisconnectedwithBeijinghasstartedbeingused.最近，另一条连接北京的高速公路开始通车。②However,othersdon'tbelievethatnumbershaveanyconnectionwithgoodluck.然而，其他人不相信数字与好运有任何联系。③Iamlookingforwardtoreceivingyourreplyandqueryinconnectionwithmybackgroundofeducation.我期待收到您关于我的教育背景的回复和查询。2．becrazyabout迷恋，对……着迷背相关短语gocrazy发疯likecrazy疯狂地；拼命地drivesb.crazy逼得某人发疯becrazytodosth.做某事真是疯狂背写作佳句①IpractisemyoralEnglisheverymorningandeveninglikecrazy.我每天早晚都疯狂地练习英语口语。②Thatnoiseisdrivingmecrazy/makingmegocrazy.那种声音快让我发疯了。③LiHua,a17­year­oldteenagercurrentlystudyinginmyclass,whoiscrazyaboutreading.李华，一个现在在我的班学习的17岁的学生，非常迷恋阅读。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1.WhenZhouKai'smothersawhimheadingtowardsthefrontdoorwithoutajacketon,sheeyedhimanxiously.(see＋宾语＋宾语补足语)周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。佳句①Theydidn'tthinkmuchofitwhentheysawtwocyclistsrepairingtheirbikeonthesideoftheroad.当他们看到两个骑自行车的人在路边修理自行车时，他们并没有多想。佳句②Suddenlywesawanoldladyknockeddownbyacar.突然我们看到一位老太太被一辆汽车撞倒了。佳句③Haveyouseenthemstayupalmosteverynightsimplytofinishaday'shomework?你见过他们仅仅为了完成一天的作业几乎每天晚上都熬夜吗？2．Gotobednoworyou'llbereallytiredtomorrow.(祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句)现在上床睡觉吧，否则明天你会很累的。佳句①Firstly,stayathomeanddon'tgoout.首先，待在家里，不要出去。佳句②Smileatourlife,andwearesuretogetasmileinreturn.对我们的生活微笑，我们一定会被回报一个微笑。佳句③Sparenoeffortstoprotecttheenvironment,andyouwillenjoyabeautifulearth.不遗余力地保护环境，你将享受一个美丽的地球。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Peoplearebeginningtoattachmuchmoreimportancetotheirhealththesedaysthaneverbefore.如今人们开始比以往更重视他们的健康。2．Abalanceddietandregularexercisecanhelpuskeephealthybothphysicallyandmentally.均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。3．AsfarasI'mconcerned,weshoulddevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupastrongbody.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudy.我认为，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。只有这样我们才能有足够的精力学习。[题目要求](二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——邀请信(二)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper­cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1．展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearHenry，I'mLiHua.LasttimeyoutoldmeyouwantedtoknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture.NowI'mgladtotellyoutherewillbeaChinesepaper­cuttingexhibitioninourschool.Isincerelyhopeyoucansetasidesometimefortheartfeast.Theexhibition,thethemeofwhichis“BeautyofChina”，willtakeplaceinourschoollibraryfrom2to5ontheafternoonofJune21.Notonlywillsomeofourstudents'worksbedisplayed,butwealsohaveavaluablesetofpaper­cuttingworkscreatedbyafamousartist.Besides,therewillbealotofinterestingactivities,fromwhichyoucanhaveaclearerpictureofChineseculture.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldacceptmyinvitation.I'msureyouwillgetawonderfulimpressionofit.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学亮丽开头考生首先进行了自我介绍，点明了身份。然后用Lasttimeyoutoldmeyou...交代了写信的背景，用NowI'mgladtotellyoutherewillbe...介绍了活动的主题，然后便自然而然地诚恳地发出了邀请。2．学高级表达熟练使用高级句式，如：therebe句型therewillbeaChinesepaper­cuttingexhibitioninourschool；非限制性定语从句thethemeofwhichis“BeautyofChina”和fromwhichyoucan...；倒装句型Notonlywillsomeofourstudents'worksbedisplayed...；过去分词短语作定语createdbyafamousartist等。这些亮点表达增强了文章的表达效果，是加分的亮点所在。同时，这也彰显了考生灵活的语言驾驭能力，值得称赞。3．学精彩结尾结尾使用Iwouldappreciateitif...表达期待对方接受邀请，与开头呼应。随后用I'msure...从自己的角度表达了对活动效果的肯定和信心。最后用Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.表达了期待回复。本文结尾短短三句话便表达出了自己邀请对方的诚恳态度和期待心情。4．学过渡衔接文章准确使用了lasttime,now,notonly...butalso...,besides等过渡性词语，增强了文章的连贯性和条理性。5．防微点失分考生容易把“Theexhibition,thethemeofwhichis‘BeautyofChina’，willtakeplace...”中的which错用成it，或把takeplace误认为其有被动语态形式，而误用成被动语态“betakenplace”，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Inaddition,astheproverb(谚语)says,practicemakesperfect.2．Garlicisalsogoodfortreatmentofcolds,coughs,sorethroat_(喉咙),fever.3．Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysicalfitnessandsustainahealthylifestyle(生活方式).4．(2020·浙江高考写作)Sodon'tworryaboutourstudyandallyouneedtodonowistohaveanadequaterestandahealthydiet_(饮食)．5．Aneasywaytocuttheamountoffat(脂肪)inyourdietistoavoideatingredmeats.6．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Asthecaptain_(队长)ofourteam,Ifeelquiteconfidenttohaveyouallinourteam.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．Everyoneintheofficeplainsthathesmellsawfulbutnobodydaresactuallymentionit.可怕的；糟糕的2．Iamverysorrytohaveheardofyourpresentsituationthatyouaresobitterafterhavingalungcancer.肺3．However,someofhersymptoms,liketheseverecoughandweightloss,didn'tfitwithit.症状4．Pleaseensurethatyouhaveyourowninsuranceforyourpersonalbelongings.保险5．Recently,awebsiteorganizedaquestionnairesurveyaboutwhypeoplegotouniversity.问卷调查6．(熟词生义)ThelittleboywaseyeingthetoysintheshopwhenIfoundhim.注视7．(熟词生义)Theentirebuildingisfittedupwithelectriclights,gasandsteamheaters.安装8．(熟词生义)(2020·浙江高考)MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractorheadingtowardsthemotorway.朝……前进Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Saltwaterhitagainstherface,makingitdifficulttobreathe(breath)．2．Theyshouldknowthatiftheyeatjunkfood,theywillbeefatandunhealthy(healthy).3.TearsfilledmyeyesasIlookedattheprouddirtyfacethatIhadrarely(rare)givenattentionto.4.Hisparentsthoughtitwasabnormal(normal)foraboytobeinterestedinballet.5．Howeverwealthy_(wealth)wemaybe,wecanneverfindenoughhoursinthedaytodoeverythingwewant.6．Youareheadingforanaccidentifyoudriveafterdrinking.7．There'splentyofevidencethatfatness_(fat)tendstoruninfamilies.8．Louisalwaysseemstobeonadiet,whichdoesharmtohishealth.名师点拨“一站清”(1)“makeit＋adj.＋todo”意为“使得做某事怎么样”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。(2)英语中，常用副词来修饰动词。以“元音字母＋辅音字母＋e”结尾的单词，直接加“ly”构成副词。如：polite→politely,wide→widely，love→lovely,immediate→immediately等。(3)normal的反义词为abnormal，注意其否定前缀为ab­。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．fit[明其义]adj.健康的；强健的；适合的；能胜任的v．适合；使(衣服)合身；使适应；使胜任n．适合；合身[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Hisideasdidnotquitefitinwithouraims.②Heisnotfitforthejobashehasabsolutelynoexperienceofmarketing.(2)选词填空(fit/suit/match)③Iwanttotakethisjacketbecauseitfitsmewellandmatchesmytrousers,thoughthestyledoesn'tsuitme.[解其困]fit,suit,matchfit“适合”，指大小、尺寸、形状等合适，引申为“吻合，协调”suit“适合”，多指衣服颜色、样式适合某人，还可指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件等。另外，用于比喻意义时多用suitmatch“和……匹配，适合”，多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配2．anxious[明其义]adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的[通其用](1)单句语法填空①(2019·天津高考)Shewasanxiousto_know(know)whathadhappened.②Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youshouldn'thavelefthomewithoutaword.(2)同义替换③Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn'tfit.→Shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtrieditonwith_anxiety,_onlytofinditdidn'tfit.[解其困](1)英语中“介词＋名词”在功能上相当于副词，它可在句中作状语。(2)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“担心的事”时，是可数名词。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空atleast，loseweight，catchacold，takeexercise，pickup，payfor，becrazyabout，beconnectedwith1.Healthesfirst.Weshouldtake_exercise_everydaytokeepfit.2.Idon'tdoubtthathecanpay_forthejourneybydoingjobsontheship.3．Itisgenerallybelievedthatgoodhealthis_connected_withhealthydiet.4.Shepicked_upJapanesewhenshewasinJapan.Nowshecanspeakitfreely.5．Nancyis_crazy_aboutdancing,andshekeepsdancingtillmidnighteveryday.6.Veryfewpeoplesucceedinlosing_weightinashorttimeandkeepingitoff.7．Nowonderyoucaught_a_cold.Youshouldn'thavegoneoutlastnightwithoutacoat.8．Tomwastoldthatitwouldbeat_least_oneweekbeforehecouldrecoverandreturntoschool.名师点拨“一站清”(1)当exercise用于“广义上的锻炼”时，它被当作不可数名词使用。而当exercise用于“具体的某项活动或锻炼时”则是可数名词。如：domorningexercises做早操，doeyeexercises做眼保健操，doEnglishexercises做英语练习。(2)payforsb.“替某人付钱”，payforsth.“付钱买某物”，paysb.“付钱给某人”。(3)pickup除了表示“(偶然)学会”外，还有“拾起；接收，用车接”等意思。(4)loseweight是固定搭配，中间没有冠词，其反义短语是putonweight。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．beconnectedwithVSbeconnectedto比较①Theseappliancesshouldnotbe_connected_topowersupplies.②TheInternetiscloselyconnected_withourdailylife.Canyouimaginelifewithoutit？辨清(1)beconnectedwith指两个人或事物之间有关联或联系；主语是物时，connect后只能跟with。(2)beconnectedto是把两个具体的事物“接通”“连接”起来。2．catchacoldVShaveacold比较①Putonmoreclothesoryou'llcatch_(a)_cold.②Hetoldmethathehadhad_a_coldforthreedays.辨清(1)catchacold强调“感冒”的行为，是短暂性动词短语。(2)haveacold强调“感冒”的结果，表示“感冒”持续的状态。[句式的验收盘点](一)see＋宾语＋宾语补足语[通其用]补全句子①In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmoke_rising_fromasmallpartofhisland.1943年，一位墨西哥农民惊奇地发现他的一小块地上冒起了烟。②(2020·浙江高考)Lambandmotherreunited,Iturnedbacktothetractoronlytosee_it_move_suddenly_away_from_me.小羊和妈妈团聚了，我转过身来看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开我(向前移动)了。③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimesdecorated_with_red_envelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.它们是很好的礼物，并且你会有很多次看到它们被红包和蕴含好运的信息装饰着。[解其困](1)seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。(2)seesth.done“看见某事被做/完成”，强调动作的被动和完成。(3)seesb.dosth.“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程。在被动语态中常用sb.beseentodosth.。(二)祈使句＋or/and＋陈述句[通其用]1．单句语法填空①Moretime,andIwill_finish(finish)thetaskontime.②Followyourteacher'sadvice,or/otherwiseyouwillfailintheexam.2．句式升级③Ifyoulendherahand,shewillbegratefultoyou.(改为祈使句)→Lend_her_a_hand,_and_she_will_be_grateful_to_you._④Workhard,andyouwillsucceed.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)→Working_hard,_you_will_succeed._[解其困](1)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。(2)“祈使句＋or/orelse/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。(3)“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more,another等词。例如：Morefinefood,andyou'llbehealthierandhealthier.学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingpanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoles①withbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.[2]Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselfto②asnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.[3]Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.[4]Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.[5]Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I'llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweight③personishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI？,①微技法——通过上下文推测短语或单词意义：此处根据画线词上一句的“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeople...”可知，“beanpoles”所在句与其前一句中的研究结论是相反的，由此可推知“beanpoles”的含义。②微积累——help短语大集锦：helponeselfto自行取用；随便吃helpsb.do/todo帮助某人做某事can'thelpdoing忍不住做某事can'thelpbutdosth.只好做某事③构词法——前缀over­表示“在……上，超出”overweightadj.超重的overworkn.过度劳累overactv.做得过火overlookvt.俯视，眺望overevt.战胜overproductionn.生产过量(二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]12．Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A．Foodsafety. B．Movieviewership.C．Consumerdemand. D．Eatingbehavior.解析：选D主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可知，《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究表明，我们的饮食同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。由此可知这项研究是关于饮食行为的，故D项正确。13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A．Bigeaters. B．Overweightpersons.C．Pickyeaters. D．Tallthinpersons.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第一段中的画线词所在句可知，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭)相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“contraryto”可知，画线词与heavierpeople含义相反，故D项正确。14．Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A．Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B．Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C．Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D．Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.”可知，为了验证社交对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验；再结合下文介绍的两个实验可知，雇用演员参加实验旨在查看演员对参与实验的人的饮食习惯的影响，故A项正确。15．Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A．Howhungryweare.B．Howslimwewanttobe.C．Howweperceiveothers.D．Howwefeelaboutthefood.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI...becauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.”可知，如果这个同伴打算吃得更多，“我”也会吃得更多。但是，我们要调整这种影响。如果一个超重的人吃了很多，我会稍微保留一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。据此可以推知，我们对自己饮食的调整是以分析他人的饮食习惯和结果(即如何看待他人)为基础的，故C项正确。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第12题主要考查学生的概括性思维。通读全文可知，文章第一段为全文的主题段，即《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究表明，我们的饮食同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。根据上述分析，故可得知这项最新研究主要是关于饮食行为的。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于就餐同伴会影响人们食物摄取量的研究，结果表明“我跟着她吃”的影响的确存在，但人们也会根据自身对他人的看法有所调整。文章旨在引导学生养成合理的饮食习惯和健康的生活方式。通过对文章内容的分析和评判，深入思考饮食习惯与健康生活方式之间的联系，从而形成正确的饮食观和生活观。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Gasandoilconsumption(consume)alwaysincreaseincoldweather.2．I'mwritingtoinviteyoutoparticipateinthespeechcontesttobeheldinourschool.3．Confuciusgreatlyinfluenced(influence)thedevelopmentofChina'scultureandeducation.4．Thetwinsweredresseddifferentlyandonewasthinner(thin)thantheother.5．Shehadformedthehabitofgoingtobedandgettingupearly.Ⅱ.补全句子1．InChina,itisusualtohelp_yourself_to(自行取用)thefoodplacedatthecenterofthetable.2．A_large_amount_of(大量的)foodandfreshwateriswastedintheworldeveryyear.3．Inordertokeep_slim(保持苗条),somanyyounggirlsalwaysskipmeals.Ⅲ.分析长难句Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.[句式解构]本句是一个含有多个从句的主从复合句。其中and承接上文，contraryto为形容词短语作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词research；says后是省略了引导词that的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词heavier_people。[句意翻译]而且现有的研究表明，你应该避免与食量大的较肥胖的人一起吃饭，(这项研究的成果)相反的是，你真正需要避免的是与食量大的又高又瘦的人(一起吃饭)。Ⅳ.主题语境写作假定你是李华，是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写了一封信，她提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥。请你给她写一封信，谈谈你的观点。内容包括：1．健康比漂亮更重要；2．学生以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌(appearance)和别人的看法；3．可通过多锻炼身体保持健康，要改变不良的饮食习惯；4．健康的心态也很重要。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：DearXiaowang，Ihavereadyourletter,inwhichyoumentionedthatyouwanttoloseweightbydieting.Itisnaturalthatyounggirlsatyouragehopetolookbeautiful.However,healthismoreimportantthanbeauty.Asastudent,studyisthefirstthingtoconsider.Sodonotletothers'opinionsaffectyournormallife.Ifyoudowanttoloseweight,it'sagoodideatodoitbygettingmoreexerciseandchangingunhealthyeatinghabits.Themostimportantthingisthatyoukeepahealthystateofmind,asitwillhelpyouwithyourstudies.Idohopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyou.Yours,LiHua课下主题训练健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·钦州模拟)Antioxidants(抗氧化剂)incoffeearethoughttohelpprotectagainststroke—buttoomuchmustraisebloodpressure,whichincreasestherisk,accordingtoJapaneseresearchers.Similarly,greenteacouldalsobebeneficialforpreventingtheshockingevent,causedwhenabloodvessel(血管)inorservingthebrainisblocked.Thestudylookedatthedrinkinghabitsofmorethan83,000healthyadults,aged45to74,whosehealthwastrackedfor13yearsonaverage.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhodrankatleastonecupofcoffeeadayhadabouta20percentlowerriskofstroke,paredtothosewhorarelydrankit.Togetanequaleffect,aboutfourcupsofgreenteaadaywererequired.Allresultswereadjustedtotakeintoaccountdifferencesbetweenthegroupsinageposition,gender,smoking,alcohol,weight,dietandexercise.Dr.YoshihiroKokubo,leadauthorofthestudy,publishedinthejournalStroke,said,“Theregularactionofdrinkingteaandcoffee,largelybenefitscardiovascular(心脏血管的)health.”Theirresultsforcoffeeweresimilartothatof“studyofstudies”，presentedataEuropeanconference,whichfoundthatonetothreecupsadaywasassociatedwitha14percentreduction.Forthreetosixcups,thereappearedtobeasimilarbutweakerassociation,buttherewasnobenefitfromdrinkingsixormore.Exactlywhycoffeeandgreenteaappearstolowerstrokeriskisunclear,althoughantioxidantsarethoughttobeatwork.However,thescienceisbynomeanscutanddried.Caffeineraisesbloodpressure,andtherehavebeenindicationsthattoomuchcoffeecanraisestrokeriskbecauseofthis.Dr.DaleWebb,fromtheStrokeAssociationsaid,“Wewelethisstudywhichsuggeststhatthebenefitsofantioxidantsincoffeeandgreenteamayoffsetthepotentialharmfromcaffeine.”Hethought,theresultsshowhigherconsumptionofgreenteaandcoffeemightreducetherisksofstroke.“Wewouldliketoseefurtherresearchtounderstandthesefindings，”hesaid.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明，喝咖啡或绿茶可以降低中风的风险。但是，过量饮用也会导致血压升高，因此，要适量饮用咖啡或绿茶。1．Whatmayleadtoastrokeaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Higherbloodpressure.B．Drinkingacupofcoffeeaday.C．Blockedbloodvesselsinthebrain.D．Antioxidants.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，同样，绿茶也有助于预防中风，这是由于大脑内部或服务于大脑的血管被阻塞而引起的。由此可知，当大脑中的血管发生堵塞的时候，可能会导致中风。故选C。2．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Thestudymainlyfocusesonmiddle­agedpeople.B．Drinkingonecupofcoffeeadaybenefitshealth.C．Thosewhoseldomdrinkcoffeearehealthier.D．Drinkingteacontributestostroke.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，他们发现，与很少喝咖啡的人相比，每天至少喝一杯咖啡的人患中风的风险要低20%。由此可推断，每天至少喝一杯咖啡对身体健康有好处。故选B。3．WhatistheattitudeofDr.DaleWebbtowardthisstudy?A．Hesawmorefindingsofthisstudyunsatisfiedly.B．Heunderstoodthedifficultyofthisstudy.C．Heappreciatedtheachievementsofthisstudy.D．Hewasdisappointedtofindnofollowingresearch.解析：选C观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句可知，中风协会的DaleWebb博士说：“我们欢迎这项研究，它表明咖啡和绿茶中的抗氧化剂的好处可以抵消咖啡因的潜在危害。”由此可判断出，DaleWebb医生对这项研究的成果持赞赏态度。故选C。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．DrinkingcoffeeraisesbloodpressureB．DrinkingteareducesstrokeC．DrinkingcoffeeequalsdrinkingteaD．Drinkingteaorcoffeeproperlymatters解析：选D标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，据日本研究人员称，咖啡中的抗氧化剂被认为有助于预防中风，但喝太多咖啡就会导致血压升高，从而增加中风的风险。同样，绿茶也有助于预防中风。结合本文主要讲述最新的研究表明，适当饮用一定量的咖啡或绿茶能降低患中风的风险。故D选项“适当饮用咖啡或茶很重要”最适合作标题。故选D。BPilates,yogaandtherunningmachinegetalltheattentionwhenitestopopularwaystostayhealthy.Thereis,however,amorehumbleexercisethatmightnotbesoattractive,buthasallthebenefits—walking.CertifiedfitnessprofessionalJolynnJaekelexplains,“WhatIloveaboutwalkingisthatanyonecandoitatanyageandanyfitnesslevel.Plus,itisgoodforyourheart,yourheadandyourwallet.”Arecentreportdetailsthehealthbenefitsofwalking.Thereportfoundthatwalkingregularlytofulfillthe150minutesofmoderatephysicalexerciseeveryweek,remendedbytheUK'schiefmedicalofficer,couldsave37,000liveseachyear.ScientistsattheLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryinCaliforniafoundthatquickwalkingreducestheriskofheartdiseasemoreeffectivelythanrunning.Theyobservedparticipantsagedbetween18and80overasix­yearperiodandfoundthatwalkingreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseby9.3%,whilerunningreduceditby4.5%.Andthereisevenmoregoodnews:30minutesofquickwalkingoverfivedayscouldhelpyousleepeasily,accordingtoresearchbyOregonThesooneryougetstarted,thesooneryou'llnoticethedifferencesinyourmindandbody.So,gooutforyour30­minutewalkinanearbyparkorgreenspace.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式——步行。5．Theunderlinedword“humble”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．plain B．relaxingC．popular D．active解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，当提到保持健康的方式时首先可以想到普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机。然而，有一种不太引人注目的简单运动却让人受益匪浅，那就是步行。由此可推知，画线词和“plain”意义相近。故A项正确。6．WhatdoesJolynnJaekelthinkofwalking?A．It'slovedbypeopleofallages.B．It'smuchhealthierthanrunning.C．It'samoney­savingphysicalexercise.D．It'sbeingmoreandmorepopular.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WhatIloveaboutwalking...yourheadandyourwallet.”可知，步行对人的心脏和大脑都有好处并且可以省钱。故C项正确。7．WhatdidscientistsattheLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryfind?A．Walkinghelpspeoplewithsleepproblems.B．Walkingcontributestocuringheartdisease.C．Walking150minutesperweekcansavelives.D．Walkingisbetterthanrunninginsomecases.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“foundthatquickwalkingreducestheriskofheartdiseasemoreeffectivelythan