山东省泰安市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试 英语 含答案

试卷类型：A高三年级考试英语试题2024.01注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearefourlesswell-knownsitesinBritain.TheGiant’sCausewayLocatedonthenortherncoastofIreland,theGiant’sCausewayisanaturalphenomenonthatconsistsofthousandsofinterlockingbasalt（玄武岩）columns.Thecolumnswereformedbyanancientvolcaniceruptionandnowcreateanunforgettablelandscapethatlookslikeapathbuiltbygiants.VisitorscanwalkalongtheCausewayandtakeinthebreathtakingviewsoftheAtlanticOcean.AveburyCircleAveburyCircleisaprehistoricstonecirclelocatedinWiltshire,England.ItisthelargeststonecircleinEurope,withstonesupto30feettall.ThecirclewascreatedbyNeolithicpeoplearound2500BCandisaprooftotheirengineeringskillsandculturalpractices.Visitorscanexplorethecircleandlearnmoreaboutthisancientmonumentthroughguidedtoursandexhibitions.DartmoorDartmoorisanationalparklocatedinDevon,England,andisoneofthemostunspoiled（未被破坏的）placesinthecountry.Theparkisfamousforitswide-openspaces,rockyoutcrops,andancientstonecircles.Visitorscanenjoyhiking,horsebackriding,andwildlifewatchinginDartmoor,whichisalsohometoanabundanceofDartmoorponies,foxes,andperegrinefalcons（游隼）.TheMinackTheatreTheMinackTheatreisauniqueopen-airamphitheater（圆形露天剧场）locatedonthecliffsofCornwall,England.ItwascarvedoutoftherockfacebyRowenaCade,whotransformedhergardenintoatheaterforperformances.Today,visitorscanattendprofessionalproductionsattheMinackTheatre,whichoffersunforgettableviewsoftheAtlanticOceanandPorthcurnoBay.1.Wherecanyouhaveachancetowatchwildanimals?A.AveburyCircle. B.Dartmoor.C.TheGiant’sCauseway. D.TheMinackTheatre.2.Whichofthefollowingisafactpresentedinthepassage?A.Dartmoorhardlykeepsanoriginalstate.B.TheGiant’sCausewaywasbuiltbygiants.C.TheMinackTheatrewasnotintendedasatheatre.D.AveburyCircleisthelargeststonecircleintheworld.3.HowistheGiant’sCausewaydifferentfromtheothersites?A.ItislocatedinIreland.B.Ithasancientstonecircles.C.Visitorscanhaveacloseencounterwithit.D.VisitorscanenjoyviewsoftheAtlanticOcean.BWhenYuanQiureceivedhisadmissionletterfromSouthwesternUniversity,hesmiledbroadlyfromthewheelchairhe’susedforfiveyears.Thenheturnedtohismother,XieXianlian,andsawshequicklywipedtearsaway,pretendinghereyeswereblurredbysand.The18-year-oldyoungmanisfromapoor,ruralfamilyinChongqing.Hisfatherdiedoflungcancerwhenhewasachild.Yuanwasdiagnosedwithprogressivemusculardystrophy（肌肉萎缩症）whenhewasthreeyearsold.Hisolderbrother,whowasparalyzed（瘫痪）,diedofthesamediseaseattheageof22.Afterlong-termmedication,Yuandecidedtostoptakingthemedicineduetoitshighcostandtherewasnosignhishealthwasgettingbetter.TheconditionworsenedasYuangrewolder.Hecouldonlywalkslowlyonflatgroundandreliedonotherstocarryhimupanddownstairs.Whenhewas14yearsold,hecouldnolongerstandupandhadtouseawheelchair.Atfirst,hismotherhesitatedbetweencontinuingYuan’seducationandsavingmoneyfortreatment.ButYuanwasdetermined.“ImustgotoschoolorIwillbeabsolutelyuseless,”hesaid.SoXiemadeapromisetoherself:“Iwillneverletmysondropout.”Toherrelief,Yuanwasalwayswillingtohelpherwithfarmworkasmuchashecould.Yuanandhismother’sperseverancemovedmanypeopleandalsowonthesupportofhisteachersandclassmates.“Heneveraskedformorebecauseofhisdisability,”oneofYuan’steacherssaid,“Hisstrongcharacteristicsunconsciouslyencouragedmeandthestudents.”Yuan’sstepfatheralsochangedhisattitudeafterseeingYuan’spersistenceandaspirationtostudyandgainknowledge.“Inevercomplaintohim,itisalossthattheydidn’tgetthechancetoread,”Yuansaid.Throughhisownefforts,Yuanscored670inthecollegeentranceexam.TheSouthwesternUniversitysaidtheywillarrangeajobforXie,soshecanbettertakecareofhersonwhileheisatuniversity.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurred”inParagraph1mean?A.Covered. B.Blocked. C.Indistinct. D.Invisible.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesYuan?A.Adaptableandindecisive. B.Persistentandsensitive.C.Delicateandhard-working. D.Diligentandconsiderate.6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Yuan’sconditionimprovedwithlong-termmedication.B.Yuanalwayshasapositiveimpactonthepeoplearound.C.Diagnosedwithmusculardystrophy,Yuanwasparalyzed.D.Yuanandhisbrotherbothhadthesamedisease,butonlyherecovered.7.Whickofthefollwingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnUnluckyMan’sLuckyLifeB.ARuralStudent’sJourneytoEducationC.AYoungManWhoReceivedHelpIsGratefulD.AYoungManinaWheelchairIsAdmittedtoUniversityCOverlookingtheBibliotecadegliAlberiisMilan’s“Vertical（垂直的）Forest”:tworesidentialtowerblocksbuiltin2014thatarecoveredin800trees,4,500shrubsand15,000plants.Ifthisforestwasplantedontheground,itwouldcover20,000m2—thesizeofthreeandahalffootballfields.Eachyearthetreeswillabsorb10,000tonsofCO2and57tonsofpollutants.Theyshouldalsoproduceabout900tonsofoxygen.Boeri’steamofarchitectssaystheplantswillalsodecreasetheaverageairtemperature,createnoisebarriersandboostbiodiversitybycreatingahabitatforbirds,insectsandsmallanimals.Itisnotjustphysicalwellbeingthatisaidedbylargegreenstructuresinourcities.TheteambehindSydney’s100mhigh“verticalgarden”claimsitisanewformof“livingarchitecture”thatremindsusof“therestorativeimpactthatnaturehasonoursouls”.Justhowrestorativelivingneartreesandplantsisforoursoulsisopentodebate;butstudiesinGermanyhavesuggestedthatitcanbeextremelybeneficialforourbrains.Scientistsexaminedbrainimagesequences（顺序）of341elderlyresidentsofBerlin,focusingparticularlyontheamygdala—thepartofthebrainthatcontrolsourfearresponsesandisresponsibleforstressandanxietydisorders.Theyfoundthattherewasstrongconnectionbetweenresidentslivingwithin1kmoftheforestsontheedgeofthecityandthosewiththehealthiestamygdala.Ahealthyamygdalameansbeinglesslikelytosufferfromthestressandanxietydisorderscontrolledbythispartofthebrain.Moodandanxietydisordersareupto56%higherinurbanenvironmentswhencomparedtorurallocations.Withtwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationpredictedtobelivingincitiesby2050,Milan’sVerticalForestmightshowtheworldawaytocreatehealthier,happierurbanspaces.8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theareaofthecityforest.B.Thewayofbuildingcityforest.C.Thepositiveinfluenceonthecityforest.D.Theexpectedeffectofthecityforest.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheVerticalForest?A.Favorable. B.Suspicious. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.10.StudiesinGermanyshowthat.A.amygdalacontrolsourfearresponsesB.livingnearforestsisbeneficialforoursoulsC.peopleneartheforestsarelesslikelytofeelanxiousD.moreresidentswillliveinVerticalForestinthefuture11.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Citiesareturningsuitableforpeopletolivein.B.Thereisaworldwidefocusonhowtoimprovebiodiversity.C.Milan’sVerticalForestbecomesanexampleofurbanbiodiversity.D.TheVerticalForestcoversthesizeofthreeandahalffootballfields.DFoodshoppinghasbecomeadangerouspursuit.Ready-mealsarepackedwithsaltandpreservatives（防腐剂）,breakfastcerealsaresweeterthanchocolatebars,andprocessedmeatsarepackedwithnitrite-preservatives,whichcanformharmfulcompoundswhencooked.Anewtermiscatchingontodescribethesenutritionalbadguys:ultra-processedfoods（UPFs）.JusthowbadareUPFs,andwhatdotheydotous?Inhisnewbook,“Ultra-ProcessedPeople”,ChrisvanTulleken,adoctorandtelevisionpresenter,arguesthatUPFsdominatethefoodsupplyinrichcountries,andarealsocreepingintodietsinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.TheconceptofUPFswasputforwardbyCarlosMonteiro,aBrazilianscientist,in2009.HisteamobservedthatalthoughpeopleinBrazilwerebuyinglesssugarandoil,ratesofobesityandtype-2diabetes（糖尿病）wererising.Thatwasbecausetheywereinsteadeatingmoresugar,fatsandadditivesinpackagedsnacksandpre-mademeals.UPFsoftengothroughmanycomplicatedindustrialprocesses.Thatdoesnotmakethemallunhealthy—asoya-basedmeatsubstitutecanbepartofabalancedmeal—butthefrequentconsumptionofUPFscausesaseriesofissues.Arguably,someUPFsaremorealiketoindustrialproductsthanfood.ThereisplentyofevidencelinkingmanyingredientsinUPFs,suchassugar,salt,andsaturatedfats（反式脂肪）,tonegativehealthoutcomes.YetUPFsarecheap,tastyandabundant,andforthoseonatightbudgetoronspecificdiets,suchasvegan（严格素食主义者）,thereareoftenfewavailablealternatives.ItispossibletoeatwellbyselectingtherightUPFs,suchaswhole-graincereals.GovernmentscientistsattheAmericangovernment’sAgriculturalResearchServiceshoweditwaspossibletobuildahealthydietwith91%ofcaloriesfromselectedUPFs.ButMarionNestle,aprofessorofnutritionatNewYorkUniversity,criticisedthestudy,sayingtheresearchershadaconflictofinterestthroughtheirlinkstothefoodindustry.Betterstaycautiousinthosetrickysupermarketwalkways.12.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinParagraph1?A.Byanalyzingcertainreasons. B.Bycomparingdifferentviews.C.ByexplainingthetermofUPFs. D.Byprovidingbackgroundinformation.13.WhatmakesUPFssobadforourhealth?A.Peopleareaddictedtothem.B.UPFscontainnonutrition.C.Theyarepackedwithartificialflavors.D.Theyarecalorie-rich,andnutrient-poor.14.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosayaboutUPFs?A.AllUPFsarenothealthy. B.UPFsaregoodfornothing.C.UPFsarenoteconomical. D.UPFsarepartofready-meals.15.What’stheopinionofMarionNestle?A.AhealthydietcancertainlybebuiltfromUPFs.B.ThinktwicebeforechoosingUPFswhenshopping.C.There’sanassociationbetweenintakeofUPFsandcancer.D.Governmentscientistsrepresenttheinterestsofconsumers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourfamilymayhavespecialtraditions.Whethermakingcookies,walkingaroundtoenjoycolorfullights,orwatchingafavoriteholidaymovie,thesetraditionscanhelpyoufeelclosertothepeopleyoulove.16Here’showtogetstarted.Thinkaboutthetraditionsyourfamilyalreadyhas,thenwritethemdown.Askolderadultsinyourfamilywhattraditionstheyrememberparticipatinginaschildren.17Next,gatherthethoughtsyouandyourfamilymayhaveforbrand-newtraditions.18Forinstance,youcoulddiscussmakingaspecialonce-a-yearouting,likegoingtoanicerestaurantorseeingashow.19Thinkaboutwhothosepeopleareinyourfamily.Theycanhelpyouwithcreatingthe“guestlist”foranyspecialfamilygathering,pickingadateandtime,andchoosingthesetting.Theycanalsohelpyouplanavideocallwithlovedoneswhomaylivefarawaybutstillwanttoshareinthefun.Celebratingtraditionsisagreatwaytocreatefamilymemoriesthatlastforever.Considertakingphotoswhileyou’respendingtimetogether.Ifyoutryanewtradition,taketimeafterwardtoreflectonit.Didyourfamilyenjoyit?Isthereanythingyouwoulddodifferentlynexttime?Thepointofatraditionistolikeitsomuchthatyouwanttodoitagain.20A.Addthoseideastoyourlist.B.Traditionscanbesupersimple.C.Therefore,keepupthetraditionsonceyouestablishthem.D.Youcanenjoyestablishedtraditionsorcreatenewonestogether.E.It’salsoOKtochangeitinawaythatworksbestforyourfamily.F.Manyfamilieshavememberswholovetobringeveryonetogether.G.Therecouldbesometheymighthaveforgottenbutmayenjoyreviving.第二部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewyearsago,mydaughtertraveledtoEurope.It’salwaysabitnerve-wracking（伤脑筋的）toputyourchildonaplaneheadingtoanew21.ButMeghanisapretty22individual,andwebelievedthatshewouldmanageher23successfully.Inherfirstcalltousaftershe24,Meghantoldusthatherluggagehadbeenlost.Afterasleeplessnight,ouranxiety25untilMeghancalledinthemorning.LuckilyforMeghan,averyniceladynamedCarolhelpedherto26ahotelandcontacttheairportstafftofindherluggage.It27latersomeonehadtakenherluggagebymistake.CarolarrivedbyplaneinMunichinthemiddleofthenight.ShewasalawprofessorfromCalifornia.She28thatMeghanwasayoungcollegestudenttraveling29andwasnowinastrangecitywheresheknewnoone.Beingamotherofgrownchildren,whohad,intheirtravels,neededtorelyonthe30ofstrangers,Carolstepped31tohelp.WethenputthroughCarol’snumberandexpressedour32.WediscoveredthatCarolhadherGermanheritage,andwasteachinginGermanyto33withherGermanroots.I’mgratefultoCarolforhelpingourdaughteroutinsucha（n）34situation.I’lltrytobe35towaystoassisttravelersandhelppeoplewhoarenewtoourcommunity.21.A.school B.company C.position D.destination22.A.capable B.positive C.generous D.enthusiastic23.A.budgets B.feelings C.connections D.behaviors24.A.left B.landed C.boarded D.returned25.A.reduced B.mounted C.emerged D.disappeared26.A.callat B.checkup C.calloff D.checkin27.A.turnedout B.foundout C.figuredout D.madeout28.A.knew B.heard C.recognized D.predicted29.A.alone B.around C.regularly D.lonely30.A.company B.kindness C.sympathy D.encouragement31.A.by B.aside C.away D.forward32.A.gratitude B.complaint C.satisfaction D.happiness33.A.deal B.reunite C.reconnect D.correspond34.A.urgent B.dangerous C.undefined D.awkward35.A.loyal B.open C.accustomed D.conservative第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheShanghaiOperaHousegaveapreviewonAug25ofitsupcomingproductionTheNinthYearofYonghe,36willpremiere（首映）attheShanghaiGrandTheatre.Theproduction,inspiredbyoneofthemost37（celebrate）piecesofcalligraphyinChinesehistory,LantingjiXu,hasbeendirectedbyWangYabin.LastweektheoperahouseinvitedmembersofthemediatoateapartyatShenYuan,a38（tradition）ChinesegardenintheExpoCulturePark,39（watch）theperformance.“WangXizhi40（keep）geeseinapondinhisbackyardtoobservetheirpostureandmovement,”saysDingShenyang,chairmanoftheShanghaiCalligraphers’Association.“It41（say）thattheelegantwaytheyfloatedonthewaterinspiredhim,andheborrowed42（skillful）thegracefulcurveoftheirneckstoproducesomeofhisstrokes（笔画）.”“43（create）thisproductionwasamostenjoyablejourney,”saystheshow’schoreographer（编舞）,WangYabin.“Wefocusedonthecreativeprocessofthismasterpieceofcalligraphy.”“WetriedtopresentthementalworldofWangXizhi,hisvisionoftheworld,44howhefoundupliftingpowerbyplacinghimselfbetweenheavenandearth45partofnature,”sheadds.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，最近英语老师课上让同桌相互批阅英语作文。针对这一做法，老师想了解同学们的想法。请你用英语写一段反馈意见，内容包括；1.分析此做法的利与弊；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数80词左右；2.题目已给出。MyFeedback第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ProfessionalexplorerLeoHouldingisnostrangertoclimbing.He’sbeendoingitsincehewas10yearsoldandhasmademanyexpeditionsacrosstheglobeincludingtotheverytopofMt.Qomolangma,remoteArcticandAntarcticpeaks,YosemiteValley,andjunglesofSouthAmerica.In2020,Leodecidedtocelebratehis40thbirthdaybyshowinghistwochildren,JacksonandFreya,andwifeJessica,whathelovesmost:climbingcoolmountainsandexploringnewlands.Thefamilywouldspendfourdaystogetherclimbingthenorthridge（山脊）ofPizBadile（巴迪莱峰）,partofthepicturesqueAlpsontheborderofSwitzerlandandItaly.TheirdestinationwasthetopofPizBadile,withnearly11,000feettall.ThefamilyhavepreviouslyclimbedafewothermountainsinEuropebutthePizBadileclimbwasharderthantheonestheyclimbed.In2019,LeoandJessica,togetherwiththeirkidsFreyaandJacksonwhowereonlysixandtwoseparatelyatthetime,skieddownLesGrandesPlatiersinFlaineunassistedandunsupported.Leoreportedthiswasoneofhisfamilylifegoals.However,Freyawasn’tthatconfidentasexpectedthistime.SoJessicadecidedtoencourageherbytellingtheirdad’sstory.TheirdadLeogrewupintheLakes,amountainousregioninNorthWestEngland,andstartedrockclimbingattheageof10.BythetimeLeowas16hehadbecometheBritishJ