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压轴题10数词,连词和介词考向一:表方位介词、表时间的介词、表方式的介词考向二:连词的使用考向三:基数词和序数词介词一.时间介词介词用法示例inin+大时间(月、季节、年、世纪或特殊情况上午、下午、晚上)inMay;in2022;inthesixteenthcentury;inautumn;inthemorning表示“(从现在起)多久之后”,常与一般将来时连用She’llbebackinanhour.onon+星期或具体的某一天onSunday;onJune1ston+具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上onMondaymorningatat+钟点时刻atseveno’clock用于固定搭配中atnoon;atnight;atdusk;attheageof10from表示开始时间Fromnowon,IwilllearnEnglisheverymorning.since后接时间点,意为“在……之后”,与一般将来时连用Hehaslivedheresince1993.afterafter+时间点,意为“在……之后”,与一般将来时连用Iwillplaybasketballwithmyfriendsafter17:00.after+以过去为起点的时间段,意为“在……之后”,与一般过去时连用Theyfinishedtheworkaftertwoyears.beforebefore+时间点,意为“在……之前”He’llarriveherebeforeten.forfor+时间段,指持续(多长时间)IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.byby+将来的时间,常与一般将来时连用,意为“在……之前”I’llfinishthetaskbyFriday.by+过去的时间,常与过去完成时连用,意为“到……为止”Wehadlearnt1,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.until用于肯定句中,意为“直到……为止”Iwaitedforyouuntil10o’clock.用于否定句中,意为“直到……才”Ididn’tgotobeduntilten.二.地点和方位介词介词用法示例in表示在某范围或空间内的某一点inthepark/gardeninthesouthofChina用于较大的地方前(如:国家、城市等)inChinainBeijing/Parison表示与某地毗邻关系RussiaisonthenorthofChina.表示在……上面,与物体表面接触onthewallto表示在某一地区之外的某个地方(不属于该范围)JapanliestotheeastofChina.at用于较小的地方前(如:车站、机场等)attheairport其他地点介词方位介词(短语)用法上onaboveover下underbelow前infrontofinthefrontof后behind内部ininthemiddleof在…的中心左/右onone’sleft/rightontheleft/right中间between…and附近nearnextto在…旁边byComeandsitbyme.across从一边到另一边Theyranacrossthestreet.在…对面There’sabankrightacrossthestreet.三.方式介词1介词用法示例by用by时,表方式,交通工具前不用任何修饰词bybike/bybus/byplane/bytrainin/on用in或者on时,交通工具为具体实物,其前有修饰语或本身是复数onthebike/onatrain/ontheschoolbus/inmyfather’scar方式介词2介词用法示例by用by时,名词前面不能再有任何修饰词,表示“用……”。另外,还可以用by+doing,表示“通过……”byhand;bycheque;bytakingnotes;bylisteningtomusic;bystudyingwithagroupwithwith+工具(实物),表示“用……”withaknife;withyourowneyesinin+语言、材料、声音等,表示“用……”inJapanese;inink;inahighvoiceon通过,使用,借助于ontheInternet;onthephonethrough用……途径或媒介throughthetelescope三.其他常考介词的用法介词用法示例with和……一起Ifedthechickenwithmygrandpa.具有,带有Helookedatherwithahurtexpression.without不,没有Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.including包括,包含Thereare36studentsincludingyou.except除……以外TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.among强调三者或三者以上的人或事物之间Thevillageliesamonghills.between指在两个人或两个事物之间,常用于between…and…Shesitsbetweenherfatherandmother.off从……离开,落下Herolledoffthebed.离开,偏离WeliveoffMainStreet.through“穿过”,强调从某一空间内部通过或穿过Thetrainranquicklythroughthetunnel.自始至终,从头到尾Thechildrenaretooyoungtositthroughaconcert.over遍及allovertheworld;alloverthecountry(部分或全部覆盖)在……上方Sheputablanketoverthesleepingchild.against反对;违反;违逆I’msorryheisagainstyourideas.对抗Ourteamwillplayagainstyoursthisafternoon.紧靠,倚,碰,撞Putthepianothere,againstthedoor.past经过,越过Willyougopastmyhouseonyourwayhome?for给,对,供(表对象、用途)Thereisaletterforyou.为了(表目的)IhavetostudyforanEnglishtest.支持,拥护Ithinkyou’llbeformydecision.因为,由于befamousfor/knownfor就……而言;对某人来说Heistallforhisage.向;往(表示目标或方向)IsthisthebusforZhejiangUniversity?连词(一)并列连词常有的并列连词有and,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,aswellas等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致,意义有转折的并列连词有:but,however,yet,still,while等。Marywasanicegirl,butshehadoneshortcoming.Tomgotupearly,yethefailedtocatchthetrain.Hewasverytired,stillhekeptonwalking.Yourcompositionisfairlygood,however,thereisstillsomeroomforimprovement.Janeishardworking,whilehersisterisquitelazy.还有表示选择关系的并列连词,如:or,orelse,otherwise…再有的是连接双方,互为因果,或表示前因后果的连词有:for,so,therefore(因此),then等。(二)从属连词1.连接名词性从句。如:that,if,whether。2.连接状语从句。其中有原因状语从句,常用的连接词有:when,while,as,since,before,after,once,assoonas,until,till。连接条件状语的连词有:if,unless,aslongas等,原因状语的连接词有because,since,as,nowthat(既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有:sothat,so…that,such…that,as…as,than,where…它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。(三)so...that...可以与以下结构转换:A.与too...to...结构的转换too...to...意为“太……以至于不能……”,与so...that...结构互换时,that从句中必须使用情态动词can't(如果是过去时则用couldn't)。如:Hewassocleverthathecouldn'tmakesuchstupidmistakes.→Hewastooclevertomakesuchstupidmistakes.他太聪明了,不会犯这么愚蠢的错误。温馨提示:如果主从句的主语不一致,改为同义句时,要用too...forsb.to...结构。如:ThatquestionissodifficultthatIcan'tworkitout.→Thatquestionistoodifficultformetoworkout.这个问题太难,我算不出来。B.与enoughtodo/notenoughtodo结构的转换a)与enoughtodosth.结构的转换。enoughtodosth.意为“……足够做某事”,与so...that...结构转换时,that从句中必须使用情态动词can。如:Youaresohealthythatyoucangetbacktoschool.→Youarehealthyenoughtogetbacktoschool.你身体健康,可以回学校去了。b)与not...enoughtodo结构的转换。not...enoughtodo意为“没到做某事的……”,与so...that...结构转换时,that从句中必须使用含有否定意义的情态动词。enough前面的形容词是so...that...结构中so后面形容词的反义词。如:Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tdresshimself.→Theboyisnotoldenoughtodresshimself.这个孩子还没到自己穿衣服的年龄。Heissoimpatientthathecan'twait.→Heisnotpatientenoughtowait.数词一、基数词1.1—12的基数词是独立的单词,即:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。2.13—19的基数词以-teen结尾。如:fourteen,seventeen等3.20—90的整十位以-ty结尾。如:sixty,seventy。4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”,如:28—twenty-eight,96—ninety-six。5.百位和十位之间加and,如:148—onehundredandforty-eight6.hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词,也不能在它们的后面加s。如:600—sixhundred,8百万—eightmillion。)7.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“,”第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为billion(十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词,我们可以用“几十个千(thousand)”表示几万,“几百个千(thousand)”表示“几十万”。8.hundred,thousand,million用复数形式修饰名词时要用“of+复数名词”,如:数以百计的年轻人hundredsofyoungpeople;数以千计的书thousandsofbooks。注意:hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof+复数名词,其前面不能加具体的数词,但可加several或many。有具体的数词的时候,这些词不能加s。(无数字+sof,有数字无s)9. 基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如:一个五岁的男孩afive-year-oldboy;一座800米长的桥 ;女子400米接力 。10. 句型:主语+is+about(大约)/over=morethan(超过)/nearly(接近)+具体数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long/high/tall/deep/away等二、序数词1. 基数词变序数词口诀巧记:“一、二、三,特殊记,八去“t”,九去“e”,“ve”要用“f”替,见“y”变成“i”和“e”,词尾加上“th”,若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。”2. 其余情况均在基数词后加th。如:six—sixth, nineteen—nineteenth, hundred—hundredth,thousand—thousandth等。3.序数词的缩写形式为:阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。1st2nd,3rd,4th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd记忆口诀:基变序,有规律,first,second,third要牢记;其它变化有公式,基数词尾加-th;Eight去t,nine去e;从twenty,thirty到ninety,需变y为ie;five和twelve,需将ve变f;若是遇到“几十几”,只变个位就可以。附表:三、数词的用法1. 基数词的用法1)基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语2) 表示一个具体数字时,hundred,thousand,million一律不用复数;在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。3)表示“……十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代.4)表示时刻用基数词。表示“几点过几分”,用介词past,但须在半小时以内。表示“几点差几分”用介词to,但分数须在半小时以上。表示“几点几分”还可直接用基数词。2. 序数词的用法1)序数词作定语时,一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。2) 序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”,“又一”这样的意思,例如:Eg:We'llhavetodoitasecondtime.3) 表示年,月,日时,年用基数词表示,日用序数词表示。4) 表示分数时,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时,分母加-s。例如:threefourths, onesecond, twofifths5) 序数词有时用缩写形式:first→1st second→2nd third→3rd四、数词在生活中的应用1. 钟点的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。①“几点钟”用基数词加o'clock。o'clock可省略。②“几点过几分,≤30分钟”用介词past。③“差几分几点”用介词“to”。④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化,直接按基数词的顺序读。如:7:05—sevenofive;7:15—sevenfifteen。2. 编号的表示:①LessonOne=thefirstlesson第一课;②BusNo.3=theNo.3bus3路公共汽车;③表示住所时不用“No.”如:302房间—Room302(读作:roomthreeotwo);④如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:Page457第457页;⑤电话号码,用基数词,可单个读,重复的数字也可读“double”,如:3855633—threeeightfivefive(doublefive)五、特殊用法1. 数词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:Twomonthsisquitealongtime.Fourandtwoissix.What'stwoandthree?2. 一个半小时(一年半,一个半月可类推)one/anhourandahalf。3. 不定冠词用在序数词前表又一、再一。如:I'vetriedthreetimes,letmetryafourthtime.意为:我已经试过三次,让我再试一次吧。4、基数词一般是单数形式,但下列情况,常用复数:1)与of短语连用,表示概数,不能与具体数目连用2)表示"几十岁";3)表示"年代",用in+the+数词复数;5、半小时为halfanhour, 半天为halfaday, 半镑为halfapound,.当half作名词时,其谓语动词要看of后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数谓语动词,如是复数名词时,则要用复数谓语动词。Oneandahalf+复数名词做主语时候,谓语动词用单数要注意的是一个半的表达法,如:Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.其名词要用复数,但谓语动词则要用单数。1.(2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)—Peopleinourtownplanted________treesonTreePlantingDay.—Goodjob!Everyonecandosomethingtomakeourtowngreener.A.hundred B.hundredof C.hundreds D.hundredsof2.(2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题)—MrsWang,whenisWorldReadingDay?—Itis________April23everyyear.A.in B.at C.on D.by3.(2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题)Nowstudentshavemorefreetime________nightbecauseofthe“doublereduction”policy.A.in B.on C.at D.to4.(2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题)ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms.Xiaoman(alittlefull)usuallyfalls_______May.A.in B.at C.on D.to5.(2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)________spring,thedaysareoftenwindyandbright.It’saperfecttimetoflyakite.A.on B.In C.At D.With6.(2021·江苏淮安·统考中考真题)—Whattimedoesthelibraryopeninthemorning?—Itopens________9a.m.A.in B.on C.at D.between7.(2023·江苏扬州·统考一模)—Honey,canyoutellmomwhatyoudrew?—________thetreeisthemoon,belowthetreeisyou!A.Through B.On C.Over D.Above8.(2023·江苏淮安·统考一模)—Doyoulikerainydays?—Yes,Ienjoylyinginbedandlisteningtotherainbeating________thewindows.A.through B.toward C.against D.among9.(2023·江苏扬州·统考一模)ItreadshereShenzhouXIVlandedontheearth________theeveningofDecember4h,2022.A.in B.on C.at D.for10.(2023·江苏常州·校考一模)_________thenorthwestoftheriver_________twomountains,wherefewpeoplelive.A.In;stand B.To;stands C.On;stands D.To;stand11.(2023·江苏连云港·统考一模)—Whattimedoesourschoollibraryopen?—Itopens________8:30a.m.A.in B.on C.at D.over12.(2023·江苏扬州·统考一模)Ithasjustturned22:22.Howmanyminutesarethereuntilmidnight?A.Onehundredandthirty-eight. B.Onehundredandtwenty-eight.C.Onehundredandeight. D.Ninety-eight.13.(2023·江苏南京·统考一模)—Jessie,where’reyougoingthissummerholiday?—Yunnan.Theweatherisfinewithtemperaturesinthe________.A.twenty B.twenty’s C.twenties D.twentieth14.(2023·江苏扬州·统考一模)ThepopulationoftheUSAisonlyabout________thatofChinaandisalsomuch________thanthatofIndia.A.second-sevens;smaller B.two-sevenths;smaller C.second-seven;less D.two-seventh;less15.(2023·江苏泰州·统考一模)About________ofthecoffeewaspouredontohisshirtwhilehe________pastthetable.Howunluckyhewas!A.two-thirds;waswalking B.two-third;waswalkingC.two-thirds;walked D.two-third;walked16.(2022·江苏宿迁·统考三模)—Mom,about________ofourclassmateswearglasses.—Oh,that’sterrible.Youallshouldtakegoodcareofyoureyes.A.threefourth B.thirdfourth C.thirdfourths D.threequarters17.(2023·江苏宿迁·统考一模)—Ourcountryisthe________largestlandareaintheworld.—Itisabeautifulcountry,about________ofthelandiscoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.three;twofifth B.third;twofifth C.three;twofifths D.third;twofifths18.(2022·江苏淮安·统考二模)—Isthismagazinepopular?—Certainly.Ithas________readersallovertheworld.A.million B.millionof C.millions D.millionsof19.(2022·江苏扬州·校考三模)About________thefansaregatheringandwitnessingtheheart-pumpingracesoflargedragonboats.A.twothousandof B.twothousand C.thousandof D.twothousandsof20.(2022·江苏盐城·校考三模)—CouldyoutellmewhenMaxbegantodobusiness?—Sure.Hebegantodobusinesswhenhewas_________andhasearned2.56_________sofar.A.inhisthirties;billion B.inhisthirtieth;billionsofC.inhisthirties;billionsof D.inhisthirtieth;billion21.(2022·江苏盐城·校考三模)Thetemperaturesareusuallyinthe________insummerinYancheng.A.thirty B.thirties C.thirtieth D.thirtieths22.(2023·江苏淮安·统考一模)Theopeningmeetingofthefirstsessionofthe14thNationalPeople’sCongresswasheldattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing________March5,2023.A.on B.at C.in D.from23.(2023·江苏淮安·统考一模)Weusuallyhaveaflag-raisingceremony________Mondaymorning.A.in B.at C.on D.by24.(2023·江苏宿迁·统考一模)AbigearthquakeshookTürkiye_______4:17_______February6th,2023.Manypeoplelosttheirlivesinthisearthquake.A.at;on B.in;on C.on;at D.at;at25.(2023·江苏无锡·模拟预测)WeallwenttovisittheteamuseumlastSunday________Billbecausehehadafever.A.beside B.besides C.except D.exceptfor26.(2023·江苏南京·校联考一模)It’samazingthatMother’sDayis________thesamedayasmymum’sbirthdaythisyear.A.in B.on C.at D.for27.(2022·江苏连云港·校考三模)Qinyi,afamousactress,passedawaypeacefullyatage100________9thMay,2022.A.in B.on C.for D.at28.(2022·江苏连云港·校考二模)MengWanzhouarrived_______Shenzhen,Guangdong_______theafternoonofSept25,afterbeinglegallyheldforthreeyearsinCanada.A.in;in B.at;on C.at;in D.in;on29.(2022·江苏盐城·校考三模)—WhenistheArtFestival?—Itisatseveno’clock________theeveningofJune10th.A.in B.on C.at D./30.(2022·江苏淮安·校考一模)TheastronautsofShenzhouXIIIreturnedtothemotherplanet________April16,2022.A.in B.on C.at D.to31.(2022·江苏盐城·校考一模)—HowareyougoingtomeetGuAilingattheairport_______Thursdaymorning?—I’mgoingthere_______mycar.A.on;in B.on;by C.in;by D.in;in32.(2022·江苏连云港·统考二模)It’sgenerous________Lindatodonatesomuchmoney________thatsickboy.A.for;for B.of;to C.for;to D.of;for33.(2022·江苏宿迁·校考二模)Afterstayinginspacefor6months,China’sShenzhou-13spacecraftwith3astronautssuccessfullyreturnedtoEarth________themorningofApril16,2022.A.on B.in C.at D.to34.(2023·江苏连云港·统考一模)SomebirdsonlystayinZhalongforashortrest,somebirdslivethereallyearround.A.till B.as C.while D.unless35.(2023·江苏无锡·统考一模)Peopleareusuallyafraidofchanges,________thegreatestpartofhistoryisthateverythingchanges.A.because B.unless C.but D.since36.(2023·江苏南通·统考一模)India’spopulationisexpectedtopassChina’sforthefirsttimein2023.TheUnitedNationshasreportedthatIndia’spopulationwillreachabout1.7billionby2050________Chinawillfallinthenextfewyears.A.since B.after C.before D.while37.(2022·江苏常州·校考二模)—Infact,everyonehasalampinhimself.—Weshouldlightitactively________forothers,________forourselves!A.either;or B.neither;nor C.notonly;butalso D.not;but38.(2023·江苏徐州·统考一模)Don’tthrowrubbisheverywhere,________ourenvironmentwillgetworse.A.but B.so C.and D.or39.(2022·江苏宿迁·统考三模)Refuse“lyingflat”(躺平),________youwillmakeyourlifemoremeaningfulandcolorful.A.and B.or C.but D.so40.(2022·江苏徐州·统考二模)NeitherMikenorhisparentshavetrieddumplings,________theyallknowthetastyChinesefood.A.and B.but C.because D.so

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