【spend、take、cost和pay】辨析专讲专练

spend、take、cost和pay专讲专练本单元出现了spend（花费、花钱、花时间）一词，在初中英语语法中，“花费”是一个常见的考点，主要涉及四个词汇：spend、cost、take、pay。以下是这四个词汇的用法讲解和练习：一、spend主语：通常是人。含义：表示“花费（时间、金钱）”。常见句型：主语+spend+时间/金钱+on+sth.：在某事上花费时间或金钱。例如，“Ispenttwohoursonmyhomework.”（我花了两个小时做作业。）主语+spend+时间/金钱+（in）+doingsth.：花费时间或金钱做某事。注意，in可以省略。例如，“Ispentfiftyyuanbuyingthecoat.”（我花了50元买这件大衣。）或“Ispentthreehours（in）doingmyhomework.”（我花了三个小时做作业。）二、cost主语：是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”。含义：表示“花费（金钱）”。常见句型：sth.+cost+sb.+金钱：某物花费了某人多少钱。例如，“Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.”（买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。）三、take主语：通常是形式主语it或物。含义：表示“花费（时间）”。常见句型：Ittakes/took/willtake+sb.+时间+todosth.：做某事花费了某人多少时间。例如，“Itwilltakemetwodaystodothework.”（这项工作将会花费我两天时间。）Doingsth./sth.+takes+sb.+时间：做某事/某物花费了某人多少时间。例如，“Theworkwilltakemetwodays.”（这项工作将会花费我两天时间。）或“Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.”（他花了一下午修车。）四、pay主语：通常是人。含义：表示“付款、赔偿”。常见句型：主语+pay+金钱+for+sth.：支付多少钱买某物。例如，“Ipaidfiftyyuanforthecoat.”（我花了50元买这件大衣。）paysb.somemoneyforsth.：为某物付给某人多少钱（不常考）。例如，“Ipaidtheseller500yuanforthenewmobilephone.”（我付给卖家500元买这部新手机。）五、总结与对比主语区别：spend和pay的主语通常是人。cost的主语是物或某种活动。take的主语通常是形式主语it或物。含义与用法区别：spend表示“花费（时间、金钱）”，后接onsth.或（in）doingsth.。cost表示“花费（金钱）”，后接sb.+金钱。take表示“花费（时间）”，后接todosth.或Doingsth.。pay表示“付款、赔偿”，后接forsth.或sb.somemoneyforsth.。练习题：选择题1.They_____threehoursontheprojectyesterday.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A2.Itwill_____me$50torepairthebike.A.spendB.payC.costD.take答案：C3.Howmuchdidyou_____forthenewcar?A.spendB.payC.costD.take答案：B4.Thejourney_____ustwodays.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D5.I_____$20onthisbook.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A6.She_____alotoftimepreparingfortheexam.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A7.Theconcert_____$100perticket.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C8.It_____meanhourtogettotheairport.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D9.We_____alotofmoneyontravellastyear.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A10.Themeal_____us$50intotal.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C11.I_____avisittomygrandparentslastweekend.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：B（payavisitto，固定短语，表示拜访/看望的意思）12.Thenewphone_____me$800.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C13.Howlongwillit_____youtofinishthistask?A.spendB.payC.costD.take答案：D14.She_____$20forthedress.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：B（表示“支付金额”）15.Therepairofthecar_____mealotofmoney.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C16.I_____fivehoursstudyingforthetest.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A17.Themovie_____me$15.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C18.It_____himadaytotraveltothecity.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D19.They_____$500forthenewcomputer.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：B20.Thebook_____meaweektoread.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D21.Howmuchdidthemeal_____?A.spendB.payC.costD.took答案：C22.I_____anhourpracticingthepianoeveryday.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A23.Theconstructionofthebridge_____millionsofdollars.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C24.She_____hersavingsonanewcar.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A25.It_____themalotofefforttocompletetheproject.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：D26.Theconcertticket_____$50.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C27.I_____alotoftimelearningEnglish.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：A28.Thevacation_____usafortune.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took答案：C29.It__