第10讲-Unit-3-单词词组短语知识点讲解(选修第一册)(解析版)

第08讲Unit3单词词组短语知识点讲解1．了解本单元的单词和词组等重要语言点。2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。1.buffetvt.连续猛击；打来打去n.自助餐Iwakeuptothesoundofthewindbuffetingtheclothofmytent.风噼里啪啦地拍打着我的帐篷，我在这声响中醒来。(1)vt.连续猛击；打来打去Therainbuffetedthewindow.Icouldn'tfallasleepatall.大雨拍打着窗户，我根本无法入睡。(2)n.自助餐WehadfreebuffetlunchintheChineserestaurantthatday.那天我们在中国餐馆吃了个免费的自助午餐。(3)n.(旅馆、车站等处的）餐饮部Wesatinthestationbuffetsippingtea.我们坐在车站的自助餐厅喝茶。(4)n.饮食柜台Johncaughtmylookandwebothgotupand,ignoringthewaiter,madeourwaytothebuffet.约翰领会了我的眼神，我们两个都站了起来，没有理眯那个侍者，朝自助台走去。[知识拓展](1)buffetsb./sth. 连续猛击某人/物buffetone'sway 打开一条路(尤指在困难条件下)； (船)乘风破浪(2)abuffetlunch 自助午餐[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①We(buffet)bythewindandtherainonthewaytoschoolyesterday.②Couldyouprovidecoffeeandbuffetlunchatnoon?③Theshipbuffeted(it)waythroughthewaves.④之后，她请我们在他们的员工餐厅吃了一顿简单的自助午餐。Afterwards,sheinvitedusforintheirstaffcafeteria.【答案】1.werebuffeted2.a3.its4.asimplebuffetlunch2.edgen．边；边缘；边线；刀刃vt.&vi.(使)徐徐移动；给……加边(教材P26)Ileavemytentandwalkovertothemountainedge.我离开帐篷，走到山边。※(2019·浙江高考)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothwhichgivesofflightinthedark.在夹克的边上有一块布,可以在黑暗中发出光亮。※Thegamehadthecrowdontheedgeoftheirseats.这场比赛使观众兴奋不已。※It’squiteawhilebeforedinner,herethisapplewilltaketheedgeoffyourhunger.吃饭还要等会,来,这个苹果将不会让你很饿。(1)n.[C]边；边缘Thesunwaspushingitswayovertheedgeoftheworld.太阳在天边缓缓升起。(2)n.刀口；刃；利刃Theknifehasno/asharpedge.刀子不/很锋利。(3)n.优势have/gainanedgeon/over比……占优势；胜过Ican'tbeatyouattennis,butIhave/gainanedgeonyouinping-pong.我打网球不如你，但打乒乓球我比你强。(4)ut.&vi.(使）徐徐移动Weslowlyedgedourwaytowardstheexit.我们向出口缓慢移动。(5)v.给……加边Shelostahandkerchiefedgedwithblue她丢了一块镶蓝边的手绢。[知识拓展](1)edgetowards... 朝……缓慢移动edgealong... 沿……缓慢移动(2)onedge 竖着；直立着；紧张不安的attheedgeof 在……边缘处[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Weslowlyedgedourwaytheexit.②Neverhadshefeltsoedgebeforeaninterview.③Soonwewereattheedgethewoods.④他站在悬崖边上。Hestood．【答案】1.towards2.on3.of4.attheedgeofthecliff3.banvt.明令禁止；取缔n.禁令(教材P26)．..andallnewdevelopmentisbannedwithinparkboundaries.……在公园范围内所有新的开发项目都被禁止。(1)vt.禁止；取缔bansb.from(doing)sth.禁止某人（做）某事Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.政府已经禁止使用化学武器。Shewasbannedfromthegamefortwoyearsafterfailingadrugtest.她没通过药检，被禁赛两年。(2)n.[C](常用单数）禁止；禁令Theyarenowprotectedbyaninternationalbanonwhaling.现在它们受到国际鲸鱼禁捕令的保护。(3)n.[C]禁令（多与介词on连用）。常见搭配：abanonsth.对某事的禁令imposeaban(on...)颁布（对……的）禁令lift/removeaban(on...)解除（对……的）禁令Thereisabanonparkinghere.这里禁止停车。Thecompanyhasimposedabanonovertime.这家公司颁布了对加班的禁令。※Allnewdevelopmentisbannedwithinparkboundaries.(教材典句)公园以内的所有新的开发都被禁止。※Hewillbebannedfromtakingpartininternationalcompetitionsforfouryears.他将被禁止参加国际比赛四年。※Chinaplacesgamblingunderban.在中国赌博是被禁止的。※Itissuggestedthatthereshouldbeabanonabusingantibioticsfromnowon.有人建议从现在开始应该严禁滥用抗生素。[知识拓展](1)ban(doing)sth. 禁止(做)某事bansb.fromdoingsth. 禁止某人做某事(2)abanon/againststh. 对某事的禁令place/put...underaban 禁止……[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子单句语法填空①Hewasbannedenteringtheroomunlesspermitted.②Thecompanyhasputabanon(use)pirated(盗版的)software.（1）练基础：单句语法填空①Hewasbannedenteringtheroomunlesspermitted.②Thecompanyhasputabanon(use)pirated(盗版的)software.（2）练能力：句式升级(普通表达)Thestudentsheremustn'tbringcellphonestoschool.③(高级表达)Thestudentsherecellphonestoschool.(被动语态)答案①Hewasbannedfromenteringtheroomunlesspermitted.②Thecompanyhasputabanonusing(use)pirated(盗版的)software.（1）练基础：单句语法填空①Hewasbannedfromenteringtheroomunlesspermitted.②Thecompanyhasputabanonusing(use)pirated(盗版的)software.（2）练能力：句式升级(普通表达)Thestudentsheremustn'tbringcellphonestoschool.③(高级表达)Thestudentshereare_banned_from_bringingcellphonestoschool.(被动语态)[名师点津]“禁止某人做某事”的表达：bansb.fromdoinghibitsb.fromdoingsth.forbidsb.fromdoingsth.forbidsb.todosth.4.visibleadj.看得见的；可见的(教材P26)Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.在山谷的远处，可以看到一间古老的萨米人的小屋。※Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.(教材典句)在山谷的另一边可以看到古老的萨米人农舍。※Shemadeavisibleefforttocontrolheranger.看得出她竭力控制自己不发火。※Therainhadstoppedandastarortwowasvisibleoverthemountains.雨已经停了,山上有一两颗星星可以看到。※Shewasinvisibleinthedarkoftheroom.她在昏暗的房间里别人看不到她。※Theincidenthadlefthimvisiblyangryandupset.那起事件显然让他既恼火又心烦。Despitehisoldage,hehasgoodvisionandhearing.尽管他年龄很大了，但是他有好的视力和听力。Hisdesignshaveastrongvisualappeal.他的设计在视觉上很有感染力。Notonlyistheillustrationartthevisualexhibition,butalsotheconcentrationofculture.插图艺术不仅是视觉的展示，更是文化的浓缩。[知识拓展]bevisibleto...……能看见[即学即练]——完成句子①这是一颗在天空中可见的星星。Itisinthesky.②里面的东西他们全都看得见。Itscontentsallofthem.③她站在昏暗的光线里，半隐半现。Shestood,inthedimlight.【答案】1.avisiblestar2.arevisibleto3.halfvisible5.accompanyvt.陪同；陪伴；伴随；(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏※Sincereindeerwerealwaysonthemove,theSamiwouldpickuptheirtentsandaccompanythem.(教材典句)因为驯鹿总是在移动,萨米人就搭起帐篷去陪伴它们。※Janewaswillingtoaccompanyyoutotheparktogooutforawalk.简愿意陪你去公园散步。※Whileshewassingingonthestage,hermotherwasaccompanyingheronthepiano.当她在台上唱歌的时候,她的妈妈在用钢琴为她伴奏。[知识拓展](1)accompany

sb.=keep

pany陪伴某人

accompany

sb.

to

some

place

陪伴/陪同某人到某地

(2)accompany

sb.at/on

sth.用某物为某人伴奏

be

accompanied

by

由……伴奏/伴随

(3)company

n.[U]陪伴；陪同

companion

n.[C]同伴；伙伴

in

the

company

of

sb.在某人的陪伴/陪同下（1）练基础：单句语法填空①Thesingerwasaccompaniedthepianobyherhusband.②Thesuperstarshowedupatthecourt,(accompany)byhismanager.（2）练能力：句式升级(普通表达)Nobodyaccompaniedherduringthefestival.Theoldladyfeltlonely.③(高级表达)duringthefestival,theoldladyfeltlonely.(with复合结构)（1）练基础：单句语法填空①Thesingerwasaccompaniedat/onthepianobyherhusband.②Thesuperstarshowedupatthecourt,accompanied(accompany)byhismanager.（2）练能力：句式升级(普通表达)Nobodyaccompaniedherduringthefestival.Theoldladyfeltlonely.③(高级表达)With_nobody_accompanying_herduringthefestival,theoldladyfeltlonely.(with复合结构)6.adoptvt.采用；采取；采纳vt.&vi.领养(教材P27)IamnotaSami,butinSarekI'veadoptedsomeoftheirhabits.我不是萨米人，但在萨勒克，我接受了他们的一些习惯。※Chinahasadoptedaseriesofextraordinarypoliciesandmeasures,formingananti-povertytheorywithChinesecharacteristics.中国采取了一系列不同寻常的政策和措施,形成了具有中国特色的反贫困理论。※(2020·江苏高考)Localorganizationscanadoptthemfor1pound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.当地组织可以用1英镑的价格来使用它们,并在紧急情况下安装除颤器来帮忙※Heliveswithhisadoptedson.他跟他的养子一起生活。※Manyanimalwelfareorganizationsprovidecareandadoptionservicesforhomelessanimals.许多动物福利机构为无家可归的动物们提供关爱和收养服务。(1)vt.采用；采纳adoptasuggestion/view采纳建议/观点Theschooldecidedtoadoptnewmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.学校决定采用新的外语教学方法。(2)ut.&vi.收养；领养adoptanorphan/adog收养孤儿/狗Thecoupleareunabletohavechildrenoftheirown,buthopetoadopt.这对夫妇自己不能生育，但希望领养孩子。[知识拓展](1)adoptsb.as...收养/挑选某人为……(2)adoptionn.收养；采用；通过(3)adoptedadj.领养的；收养的[词块]adoptone'sadvice/suggestions采纳某人的建议adoptamethod/measure采用某种方法/采取措施adoptedson/daughter养子/养女；义子/义女（1）练基础：单句语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousin(adopt)thesport.②Manyanimalwelfareorganisationsprovidecareand(adopt)servicesforhomelessanimals.③Parentswhohavean(adopt)childwanttoknowwhethertheyshouldtellthechildheorsheisadopted.（2）练能力：词汇升级/句式升级(普通表达)It'shightimeforustotakedifferentapproachestosolvingthesocialproblem.④(高级表达)It'shightimedifferentapproachestosolvingthesocialproblem.(that从句)（1）练基础：单句语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadopting(adopt)thesport.②Manyanimalwelfareorganisationsprovidecareandadoption(adopt)servicesforhomelessanimals.③Parentswhohaveanadopted(adopt)childwanttoknowwhethertheyshouldtellthechildheorsheisadopted.（2）练能力：词汇升级/句式升级(普通表达)It'shightimeforustotakedifferentapproachestosolvingthesocialproblem.④(高级表达)It'shightimethat_we_adopted/should_adoptdifferentapproachestosolvingthesocialproblem.(that从句)[名师点津]adapt与adopt仅有一个字母之差，要注意它们的含义的区别：adopt“采纳；收养”，而adapt“(使)适应；改编”。[小片段填空]Theyoungcouplehadnochildoftheirownand．Afterafewmonths,thechildcameto．这对年轻夫妇没有亲生的孩子，领养了一个孤儿。几个月过后，这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。【答案】1.adoptedanorphan，adapttohisnewlife7.setout出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作(教材P27)Afterbreakfast,Ipackmybagandsetoutagain.早饭后，我收拾好行李又出发了。※Shecouldstillseetheopendoorwayofthewardrobeandevencatchaglimpseoftheemptyroomfromwhichshehadsetout.她仍能看到魔衣橱的入口处,甚至还能瞥见她出发时的那个空房间。※(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetouttofindthewell-knownpainter.第二天早上他雇了一艘船开始寻找那个知名的画家。※(2019·北京高考)AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur,whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.爱丽丝·摩尔是一位十几岁的企业家,她在2015年5月创办了她的公司AilieCandy。[知识拓展]setout(todo...) 动身；起程；开始做setabout(doing...) 着手做setoff 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起setaside 留出；对……置之不理setdown 写下；记下setup 建立；创立；安排[即学即练]——完成句子①为了避开拥挤的交通，我早早就动身去公司了。Iforthecompanyearlierinordertoavoidtheheavytraffic.②她每月都存一点儿钱。Sheabitofmoneyeverymonth.③她一回到家就开始打扫房间。Themomentshearrivedhome,she．④他被要求根据记忆把事实写下来。Hewasaskedthefactsjustasherememberedthem.【答案】1.setoff/out2.setsaside3.setaboutcleaning/setouttocleanthehouse4.tosetdown8.appealvi.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉n.吸引力；感染力；呼吁；上诉；请求(1)appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁或恳求appealtosb.todosth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事sth.appeal(s)tosb.某物对某人有吸引力(2)makeanappealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁或恳求makeanappealtosb.todosth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事(3)appealingadj.有感染力的；有吸引力的[词块]appealtofriendsforhelp恳请朋友帮助appealtoeveryonetosavewater呼吁人人节约用水makeanappealformoneyandclothes呼吁捐钱捐衣物（1）练基础：单句语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealamassaudience.②(朗文辞典)Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicinformationaboutthecrime.③Ourschoolappealstothestudents(set)asideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertoraiselearningefficiency.④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)And,evenifIweren'texcitedenoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutourinstructorwas(appeal)enoughtome.（2）练能力：词汇升级(普通表达)YouradvertisementhasattractedmemuchsoIwanttogettheposition.⑤(高级表达)YouradvertisementhasmemuchsoIwanttotheposition.（1）练基础：单句语法填空①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.②(朗文辞典)Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicforinformationaboutthecrime.③Ourschoolappealstothestudentsto_set(set)asideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertoraiselearningefficiency.④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)And,evenifIweren'texcitedenoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutourinstructorwasappealing_(appeal)enoughtome.（2）练能力：词汇升级(普通表达)YouradvertisementhasattractedmemuchsoIwanttogettheposition.⑤(高级表达)Youradvertisementhasappealed_tomemuchsoIwanttoapply_fortheposition.一、根据汉语意思填写单词1．It’sknowntousthatsmokingdomuchdamagetothe____(肺部).2．The

governmenthasmadelaws

to________(禁止)

tobacco

advertisements

onTV.3．Whenyou_________(打喷嚏),air

andoftensmalldropsofliquidsuddenlycomeoutof

your

nose

and

mouthyoucannot

control.4．Theyhaveno

children

of

their

own,butthey're

hoping

to___(领养)one.5．Although

the

localpeople

are

aminority,

they

havefirm

control

of

the

_____(领土).6．Therain

hadstopped

and

a

staror

two

was

_________(可见的)

overthemo