2024年北京高考英语一轮复习测试卷一（解析版）

2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷一（北京卷）

本试卷共100分。考试时长100分钟

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5份，共15份）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该

选项涂黑。

（2023届北京市东城区高三一模）

Bernard,the82-year-oldretiredpoliceofficer,washeartbrokenwhenhe1hispreciousmedal.His

housewasbrokenintolastDecember.Thethieftookawaysomejewelry,somecashandhistreasuredmedalgiven

forhis32yearsof2withLiverpoolPoliceStation.Hebelievedthemedalwasgoneforever.

Threemonthslater,David,ayoungvolunteerpulledthemedalfromariverina“one-in-a-million“catch.The

youngmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammeinLiverpool.Hehadbeenusingalargemagnet（磁铁）to

3metalrubbishoutoftheriverfor30minuteswhenhefoundasmallbluemetalbox.

“Iwouldhaveneverfoundthemedalifwehadn't4alltherubbishintheriverfirst/saidDavid."At

first,wefoundoldbitsofshoppingcartsandothermetalitemsbutabouthalfanhourlater,Ipulledoutthe

5,andifsgot"PoliceLongServiceMedal9writtenonit,ItreallywasHkefindinganeedleinahaystack

（干草堆）

6,themedalwascarvedwithBernard'snameandthemedalnumber,whichDavidusedto

7thesenior'sphonenumberonline.Theretiredpoliceofficerwas8whenhereceivedacall

sayingthemedalhadbeenfoundinariver,stillinitsmetalbox.Andwhenhewastolditwouldbe9to

himbytheyoungmanwhofoundit,hisfacelitup.DavidthenplannedavisittomeetBernardandreturnedthe

medaltohim.

“Thiswastrulythebest10forcleaningupthatrubbish...It?samazing,"Davidsaid.

1.A.damagedB.lostC.soldD.dirtied

2.A.businessB.communicationC.cooperationD.service

3.A.netB.siteC.cupD.fish

4.A.tackledB.desertedC.recycledD.buried

5.A.magnetB.rubbishC.boxD.jewelry

6.A.ApparentlyB.ThankfullyC.GraduallyD.Consequently

7.A.trackB.recallC.recordD.dial

8.A.nervousB.astonishedC.proudD.embarrassed

9.A.awardedB.submittedC.presentedD.addressed

10.A.driveB.proofC.wishD.reward

【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.A5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C10.D

【解析】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利

物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找

到了他，并交还给了他。

1考查动词词义辨析。句意:贝尔纳是一名82岁的退休警察，他失去了珍贵的勋章，伤心欲绝。A.damaged

损坏；B.lost丢失；C.sold出售；D.dirtied弄脏。根据第一段“Thethieftookawaysomejewelry,somecashand

histreasuredmedalgivenforhis32yearsof2withLiverpoolPoliceStation.（小偷偷走了一■些珠宝、现

金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而获得的珍贵勋章。）”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去

了（lost）勋章。故选B项。

2考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职32年而获得的珍贵勋

章。A.business业务；B.communication沟通；C.cooperation合作；D.service服务。根据句中的histreasured

medalgivenforhis32years可知，这个勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的，此处考查名词serve,意为“长期、

受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语servicewith…，意为"在……任职，工作”，故选D项。

3考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属

盒子。A.net净赚；B.site使坐落在；C.cup做成杯状；D.fish搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语fishsthoutof

sth,意为"从中取出，拿出，拖出”，根据上一句"Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammein

Liverpool.（这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。广，磁铁可以吸附一些金属，故这位年轻人用磁铁吸

附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选D项。

4考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A.tackled处理；

B.deserted遗弃；C.recycled回收；D.buried掩埋。根据上文“Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogramme

inLiverpool.Hehadbeenusingalargemagnet（磁铁）to3metalrubbishoutoftheriverfor30minutes

whenhefoundasmallbluemetalbox.（这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打

捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。）”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的

金属垃圾，tackled符合语境。故选A项。

5考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出

一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。A.magnet磁铁；B.rubbish垃圾；C.box

盒子；D.jewelry珠宝。根据下文“Theretiredpoliceofficerwas8whenhereceivedacallsayingthe

medalhadbeenfoundinariver,stillinitsmetalbox.（当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章

还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。广可知，勋章存放在盒子（box）里。故选C项。

6考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了

这位前辈的电话号码。A.Apparently显然；B.Thankfully谢天谢地；C.Gradually逐渐；D.Consequently因

此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事，Thankfully符合语境。故选B项。

7考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了

这位前辈的电话号码。A.track追查;B.recall回想起;C.record记录;D.dial拨号。句中的themedalwascarved

withBernard'snameandthemedalnumber可知，勋章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的电话号码。

故选A项。

8考查形容词词义辨析。句意：（当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，

他非常惊讶。A.nervous紧张的；B.astonished惊讶的；C.proud骄傲的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据第一

段最后一句"Hebelievedthemedalwasgoneforever.（他以为奖章永远消失了。）“可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋

章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选B项。

9考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时，他的脸上露出了笑容。A.awarded

授予；B.submitted屈服；C.presented提交，交给；D.addressed致辞。根据下文“Davidthenplannedavisitto

meetBernardandreturnedthemedaltohim.（随后，大卫计划去拜访伯纳德，并把奖章还给了他。）”可知，David

不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了（presented）他。故选C项。

10考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A.drive驱动；B.proof证明；C.wish愿望；

D.reward奖励，回报。根据下文“Ifsamazing（这事令人惊奇）"，上文"Ipulledoutthe5,andit'sgot

'PoliceLongServiceMedal'writtenonit,Itreallywaslikefindinganeedleinahaystack（干草堆）.（我拽出~■个

盒子，上面写着‘警察长期服务勋章'，真的就像大海捞针一样。）”可知，清理河道金属垃圾的过程中，意外

发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事，reward符合语境。故选D项。

第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）

(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)

A

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

WangwasbornandgrewupinAmerica,butshe11(build)solidtieswithChineseculturesinceshe

wasalittlegirl.Sheisnowridinganewtrend:mixingandmatchingmodernclotheswithtraditionalHandress,or

hanfu.Shehasbeenpostingvideosof12(she)dressedinhanfuontheInternet,whichhasattractedmany

fansonChineselifestyle.a4Ilovehanfu.I'vemademanyvideos,13(aim)tohelpmorepeoplelearnabout

it,“WangtoldBeijingReview.

【答案】11.hasbuilt12.herself13.aiming

【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了出生在美国的王女士从小就喜欢中国文化，她经常上传自己穿着汉服

的视频，她说她喜欢汉服，想要更多的人了解它。

n考查时态。句意：王女士出生并长在美国，但是从她是个小女孩的时候，她就和中国文化产生了牢固的

联系。此处主语为she,build为谓语动词，主语she与build之间为主动关系，且根据后文的时间状语从句

sinceshewasalittlegirl可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填hasbuilto

12考查代词。句意：她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频，这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处of

是介词，后跟宾语，且主语为she,此处意为“她自己”，故应用反身代词herself作宾语，故填herself。

13考查现在分词。句意：我录了很多视频，是为了帮助更多的人了解它。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，

aim与主语I之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填aiming。

B

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Engineersinventedanewdevicetoproducesolarelectricityatnight.Solarpanelstransformsunlightinto

energy,sothey14(traditional)workonlyduringdaylighthours.Thisdevice,however15(use)a

thermoelectricgenerator,whichcreatesenergyfromdifferencesintemperature.Inthiscase,cooleveningairisa

slightlydifferenttemperaturethanthesolarcellinthepanel.Thatbecomesenergy,16istransformed

intoelectricity.Thedevicecouldbehelpfulinareas17(locate)farfromapowergrid(电网).

【答案】14.traditionally15.uses16,which17.located

【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。

14考查副词。句意：太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量，因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句

子分析可知，此处作状语，修饰动词work,故应用副词“traditionally传统地”修饰，故填traditionally。

15考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处thisdevice作主语，

为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在

时，故填uses。

16考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词

为energy,指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故填which。

17考查非谓语动词。句意：这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说，是很有帮助的。此处作定语,修饰areas,

areas与locate之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填located。

C

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Astudyshowedhowmuchdogslovetheirowners.Intheexperiment,the-researchersfirst/measuredhow

manytears18(produce)bydogswhentheywerejustspendingtimeathomewiththeirowners.Theteam

thenrepeatedtheexperiment,thistimewithdogsthatwerereunitedwiththeirowners19beingapartfor

fivehours.Theresultsshoweddogsonlyshedtearsduringthereunions.Theteamnowwantstofind

out20dogshaveasimilaremotionalresponsewhenreunitedwithotherdogs.

【答案】18.wereproduced19.after20.whether##if

【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究显示狗狗有多爱它们的主人。在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在

家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主

人团聚的狗。结果显示，狗只在团聚时流泪。研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似

的情绪反应

18考查时态语态。句意：在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。

根据"theywere”可知，主句为一般过去时,主语tears与谓语produce为被动关系。故填wereproduced0

19考查介词。句意：然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。根据句意

可知，空处填介词after。故填after。

20考查连接词。句意：研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应。findout后

接宾语从句，根据句意可知，表示“是否"，用连接词whether或者if。故填whether/if。

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

（2023届北京市房山区高三一模）

Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute（IBI）planstosetupabuddy（伙伴）peersupport

project.TheprojectwillhelpnewstudentsmeetcurrentstudentsatIBIwhocanprovidethemwithsomefriendly

companyduringtheirfirstmonthsinNewcastleandhelpthemwithanysmallproblemsthattheymayhave.

Whafsinitforyou?

Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbepersonally

satisfyingtoknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluable

inyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunity

topractisespeakingEnglish.

Responsibilitiesofbuddies

•Telephoneandarrangetomakecontactwiththenewstudent.

•Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalarea.Answerquestionsaboutlivingin

NewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.

•Arrangetomeetthenewstudentonemorningorafternoononeweekendearlyinthesemester,andtakethe

studenttoplacesthatyouenjoyinNewcastle.

•Bepreparedtotakephonecallsfromthenewstudenttoanswerfurtherquestionsthathe/shemayhavefrom

timetotime.Meettoexplaininformationtothenewstudentinperson,ifrequired.

•Youwillbematchedtoanindividualnewstudent.However,ifyouhavefriendswhoarealsobuddies,you

mightprefertoformasupportgrouptogether.Thiswouldmeanthatyoumeetthenewstudentsasagrouprather

thanone-on-one.

•Beingabuddyisvoluntary.Thereisno"requirement“toprovideassistancebeyondthehelpoutlinedabove.

Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddyyouwillbeexpectedtofulfilyourrole

conscientiouslyandcheerfully.Itwillbeimportanttobeconsiderateandreliablesothatthestudentcanfeel

confidentinyoursupport.

21.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanyougetfrombeingabuddy?

A.Youcanlearnhowtobeaconfidentperson.B.Itiseasyforyoutofindsomefriendlycompany.

C.Youcanberewardedwithbothmoneyandprizes.D.Itmaybehelpfulforyourfuturestudiesandcareer.

22.Asabuddy,youneedto.

A.formasupportgroupwithothervolunteersatIBI

B.provideassistanceinstudyingeachsubjectafterclass

C.meetthenewstudenteverymorningearlyinthesemester

D.helpthenewstudentgetfamiliarwithhisorhersurroundings

23.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Tointroducecampuslifefornewstudents.

B.Toattractpotentialvolunteerstobepeersupporters.

C.ToofferanopportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.

D.Toprovidesomeinformationaboutstudyingoverseas.

【答案】21.D22.D23.B

【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的，帮助伙伴项目，的好处以及其

成员的责任。

21细节理解题。根据Whafsinitforyou?部分中“Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluablein

yourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.（它还会帮助你建立对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系）“可

知，成为伙伴帮助者可能对你未来的学习和职业有帮助。故选D。

22细节理解题。根据Responsibilitiesofbuddies部分第二点中“Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthe

campusandthelocalarea.（与学生见面，并带他/她参观校园和当地地区）”可知，作为一名伙伴帮助者，你需

要帮助新生熟悉环境。故选D。

23推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute（IBI）

planstosetupabuddy（伙伴）peersupportproject.（为了帮助新生，国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立，帮助伙伴项

目了可知，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的，帮助伙伴项目，的好处以及其成员的责任，目

的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为伙伴帮助者。故选B。

B

（2023届北京市朝阳区高三一模）

IwasfourwhenDadfirstshowedmehowtoskimstones,agameinwhichonethrowssmoothflatstonesinto

arivertomakethemjumpacrossthesurface.I'dpasshoursonbeacheswithmybrother,pickingupmuddystones

andskimmingthem.Itwassatisfyingmakingthemdanceonthesurface.Thatperfectskim,wherethestoneglided

（滑彳亍），broughtmefantasticfeelings-andstilldoes.Iwasacompetitivechildandgoodatthrowing.Ienjoyed

javelin（标枪）andwasonabaseballteam,butskimmingstoneswasjustforfun.

Inadulthood,thingschanged.InAugust2017,anadvertisementfortheAllEnglandOpenStoneSkimming

Championshipsdrewmyattention.Isignedupandpaid£2forthreestones.Iskimmed28metresandtriedagain

andagain,buyingmorestonestofeedmydesire,finallyreaching37metres,whichwonmethirdplace.Idrove

homeexcitedly,and£20lighter.

Ireturnedtothe2018championship,hopingforachampion.Walkingontothesmallthrowingplatforminmy

trainers,Ithrewadecent44metresandwon.Ispottedsomeonewearingacompetitionsweaterwith“World”

writtenacrossit."Where'sthat?”IaskedandhetoldmeabouttheannualWorldStoneSkimmingChampionships

inScotland.

Itwasamonthawayandasix-hourdrive.Ithoughtaboutthecostanddistanceforweeksuntil,thedaybefore

thecontest,thefeelingofwinningmadeadecisionforme."I'mgoing.9,Iarrivedatahotelat10pm,butcouldn't

sleepfornervesandexcitement.Earlythenextmorning,Idrovetothecrossingwherethecompetitorshadbegun

waiting.Ropesandbuoys（浮标）markeda63-metrecouarse.Ihadnoideaifmybestscorewasgoodenoughto

win.Whenmynamewascalledattheprize-givingceremonythatafternoon,Iwasoveijoyed.Iwasthewomen's

worldchampion.

I'mabigbelieveringivingthingsago.I'm42,andtobecomeaworldchampionatthisstageispretty

left-field.Itshowedmeitwasworthjumpinginthecarthatday,andproofthatachildhoodspentthrowingmuddy

stonesfrombeacheswasn'twasted.

24.Whatdidtheauthorenjoyaboutthestoneskimmingasachild?

A.Thecompetitivenessofthesport.B.Theoutstandingabilityatthrowing.

C.Thesatisfactiontheglideofthestonebrings.D.Thefuntimeshespentwithherdadatthebeach.

25.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorallthewaythrougheverychampionship?

A.Herdiscipline.B.Herdesiretowin.

C.Herconfidence.D.Hereffortsontraining.

26.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?

A.Takeiteasyinfaceofchallenges.B.Changetheworldbybeingyourself.

C.Abiggerstageisreadyforthosewhotry.D.EitherIwillfindaway,orIwillmakeone.

【答案】24.C25.B26.C

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。

24细节理解题。根据第一段"Itwassatisfyingmakingthemdanceonthesurface.Thatperfectskim,wherethe

stoneglided（滑行），broughtmefantasticfeelings-andstilldoes.（让他们在水面上跳舞是一种满足。石头滑过

的那一段完美的飞掠，给我带来了奇妙的感觉——现在仍然如此。）可知，作者小时候喜欢撇石头是因为石

头滑过带来的满足感。故选C项。

25细节理解题。根据第三段“Ireturnedtothe2018championship,hopingforachampion.^^（我重返2018年的

锦标赛，希望能获得冠军）和倒数第二段“thefeelingofwinningmadeadecisionforme.”（胜利的感觉让我做

了一个决定）可知，对胜利的渴望帮助作者赢得了每一个冠军。故选B项。

26推理判断题。根据最后一段"I'mabigbelieveringivingthingsago.Tm42,andtobecomeaworldchampion

atthisstageisprettyleft-field.Itshowedmeitwasworthjumpinginthecarthatday-andproofthatachildhood

spentthrowingmuddystonesfh）mbeacheswasn'twasted.”（我坚信凡事都要试一试。我已经42岁了，在这个

阶段成为世界冠军是相当不可能的。它告诉我，那天跳进车里是值得的，也证明了从海滩上扔泥石的童年

没有浪费。）可知，短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。所以能推理出更

大的舞台已经为那些敢于尝试的人准备好了。故选C项。

C

（2023届北京市石景山区一模）

IrecentlyattendedaweddinginaruralareainnorthItaly,andguestswereprovidedwithacaranddriverfor

the90-minutejourneyintothehills.Thatwasexciting:Aprivatecar!IcouldpretendIwasrich!SinceI'mnot,

though,Ihadnoideahowmuchthistripactuallycost.Asaresult,afterourdriverpickedusbackupatmidnight,I

secretlyworriedallthewayhomeabouttippinghim.

IfishedaroundnervouslyinmypurseandrealizedthatallIhadwasa$100note,whichIwaskeepingforan

emergency.Ihadnothingsmaller.AndIhadnothingelsetoofferbuttwochocolatesfromthewedding.So,Icould

tipthedriverthat$100noteortwochocolates.Intheend,Ichosethemoney.

Thewholematteroftippinghaslongbeenasourceofawkwardinteractions一and,forsometravellers,mild

anxiety-throughouttheworld.Tippingcustomsvarywildlyfromcountrytocountry.AfriendinRometellsme

thatItaliansgethurtbybigtips."'Leavingabigtipisconsideredimpolite,,,sheadds,'TvehadItalianfriendsmake

metakemoneyback.”

Itremindedmeofmy100-dollartip.WhatifIhadannoyedthedriver?SoIdecidedtocallthecarcompany

andaskthemtopassonamessagetothedriverapologizingfortheimpropertipandexplainingthesituation.

Tomysurprise,thecarcompanyrespondedthatthedriverhadactuallycalledtoexpresshisgratitudeforthe

unexpectedbigtip.Hehadapparentlybeenhavingatoughweekandthemoneyhadcomeatjusttherighttime.

Iwasastonished.Allmyworryhadbeenfornothing.Whatstartedoutasasourceofanxietyendedupbeinga

heartwarmingexperience.Ilearnedthatsometimesifsbettertogowithyourfeelingsandbegenerous,evenifit

meanstakingarisk.

27.Whatdidtheauthorrealizewhenshedugaroundinherpurse?

A.Shehadspent100dollarsonemergency.

B.Shehadtoaskthedriverforsmallerchanges.

C.Shehadnothingbuttwochocolatestoofferthedriver.

D.Shehadnosmallernotesandmighttiptoohighortoolow.

28.WhydidtheauthormentionthetippinginItaly?

A.Tocomparedifferenttippingcustoms.

B.Toshareapersonalstoryofherfriend.

C.Toshowthepossibilityofupsettingthedriver.

D.Todemonstrateherrichknowledgeontipping.

29.Whatwasthedriver'sresponsetothetipping?

A.Hewasannoyedbythelargetip.B.Heappreciatedtheauthor'sgenerosity.

C.Hewasgratefulandrefusedthemoney.D.Hewasupsetbytheawkwardinteraction.

30.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?

A.Goodthingsarepossiblewhenyoufollowyourheart.

B.You'dbetterthinkcarefullybeforetakingaction.

C.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

D.Apennysavedisapennyearned.

【答案】27.D28.C29.B30.A

【解析】这是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述了自己给巨额小费的经历和感悟。

27.细节理解题。根据第二段中"Ihadnothingsmaller.AndIhadnothingelsetoofferbuttwochocolatesfromthe

wedding.So,Icouldtipthedriverthat$100noteortwochocolates.（我没有更小的了。除了婚礼上的两块巧克力,

我没有别的礼物。所以，我可以给司机100美元或者两块巧克力）”可知，作者翻钱包时发现没有比100美元

更小面额的钱，小费只能给100美元或者两块巧克力，而100美元作为小费太多，两块巧克力作为小费又

太少。故选D。

28.推理判断题。前两段描述了作者在意大利给司机100美元小费的经历，结合第四段前两句"Itremindedme

ofmy100-dollartip.WhatifIhadannoyedthedriver?（这让我想起了我的100美元小费。如果我惹恼了司机怎

么办？）”可知，作者提到在意大利给小费的事是为了说明这一举动有可能惹恼了司机。故选C。

29.细节理角军题。根据倒数第二段中"Tomysurprise,thecarcompanyrespondedthatthedriverhadactuallycalled

toexpresshisgratitudefortheunexpectedbigtip.（令我惊讶的是，汽车公司回应说，司机实际上是打电话来对

意外的巨额小费表示感谢的）”可知，司机感谢作者的慷慨。故选B。

30.推理判断题。根据最后——段中"Whatstartedoutasasourceofanxietyendedupbeingaheartwarming

experience.Ilearnedthatsometimesifsbettertogowithyourfeelingsandbegenerous,evenifitmeanstakinga

risk.（一开始是焦虑的来源，最后变成了一次温暖人心的经历。我明白了，有时候跟随自己的感觉、慷慨大

方是更好的选择，即使这意味着要承担风险）”可推知，当你跟随自己的内心，好事就有可能发生，故选A。

D

（2023届北京市西城区高三一模）

Technologyseemstodiscourageslow,immersivereading.Readingonascreen,particularlyaphonescreen,

tiresyoureyesandmakesitharderforyoutokeepyourplace.Soonlinewritingtendstobemoreskimmableand

list-likethanprint.ThecognitiveneuroscientistMaryWaltarguedrecentlythatthis“newnorm^^ofskimreadingis

producing"aninvisible,game-changingtransformation^^inhowreadersprocesswords.Theneuronalcircuitthat

sustainsthebrain'scapacitytoreadnowfavorstherapidabsorptionofinformation,ratherthanskillsdevelopedby

deeperreading,likecriticalanalysis.

Weshouldn'toverplaythisdanger.Allreadersskim.Skimmingistheskillweacquireaschildrenaswelearn

toreadmoreskillfully.Fromabouttheageofnine,oureyesstarttobouncearoundthepage,readingonlyabouta

quarterofthewordsproperly,andfillinginthegapsbyinference.Noristhereanythingnewinthesefearsabout

decliningattentionspans.Sofar,theanxietieshaveprovedtobefalsealarms."'Quiteafewcriticshavebeen

worriedaboutattentionspanlatelyandseeveryshortstoriesassignsofculturaldecline,9,theAmericanauthor

SelvinBrownwrote.t6Nooneeversaidthatpoemswereevidenceofshortattentionspans.”

AndyettheInternethascertainlychangedthewayweread.Forastart,itmeansthatthereismoretoread,

becausemorepeoplethaneverarewriting.Ifyoutimetravelledjustafewdecadesintothepast,youwouldwonder

athowlittlewritingwashappeningoutsideaclassroom.Anddigitalwritingismeantforrapidreleaseandresponse.

Anonlinearticlestartsformingacommentstringunderneathassoonasitispublished.Thismodeofwritingand

readingcanbeinteractiveandfun.Butoftenittreatsotherpeople'swordsassomethingtobequicklyharvestedas

foddertosaysomethingelse.Everyonetalksoverthetopofeveryoneelse,desperatetobeheard.

Perhapsweshouldslowdown.Readingisconstantlypromotedasasocialgoodandsourceofpersonal

achievement.Butthisadvocacyoftenemphasizes"enthusiastic","passionate"or"eager“reading,noneofwhich

adjectivessuggestslow,quietabsorption.

Toaslowreader,apieceofwritingcanonlybefullyunderstoodbyimmersingoneselfinthewordsandtheir

slowcomprehensionofalineofthought.Theslowreaderislikeaswimmerwhostopscountingthenumberofpool

lapshehasdoneandjustenjoyshowhisbodyfeelsandmovesinwater.

Thehumanneedforthiskindofdeepreadingistootenaciousforanynewtechnologytodestroy.Weoften

assumethattechnologicalchangecan'tbestoppedandhappensinonedirection,sothatoldermedialike"dead-tree”

booksarekickedoutbynewer,morevirtualforms.Inpractice,oldertechnologiescancoexistwithnewones.The

Kindlehasnotkilledofftheprintedbookanymorethanthecarkilledoffthebicycle.Westillwanttoenjoy

slowly-formedideasandcarefully-chosenwords.Eveninafast-movingage,thereistimeforslowreading.

31.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsSelvinBrown5sopinion?

A.Favorable.B.Critical.C.Doubtful.D.Objective.

32.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat.

A.advocacyofpassionatereadinghelpspromoteslowreading

B.digitalwritingleadstotoomuchspeakingandnotenoughreflection

C.thepublicshouldbeawareoftheimpactskimminghasonneuronalcircuits

D.thenumberofInternetreadersisdecliningduetotheadvancesoftechnology

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tenacious“inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Comprehensive.B.Complicated.C.Determined.D.Apparent.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SlowReadingIsHeretoStay

B.DigitalTechnologyPreventsSlowReading

C.Screenvs.Print:WhichRequiresDeepReading?

D.ReadingIsNotaRace:TheWonderofDeepReading

【答案】31.A32.B33.C34.A

【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法，指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处，并指

出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求。

31推理判断题。根据第二段中“Noristhereanythingnewinthesefearsaboutdecliningattentionspans.Sofar,the

anxietieshaveprovedtobefalsealarms."'Quiteafewcriticshavebeenworriedaboutattentionspanlatelyandsee

veryshortstoriesassignsofculturaldecline,theAmericanauthorSelvinBrownwrote.uNooneeversaidthat

poemswereevidenceofshortattentionspans.”（对注意力持续时间下降的担忧也不是什么新鲜事。到目前为止，

焦虑被证明是虚惊一场。美国作家SelvinBrown写道：“相当多的评论家最近开始担心注意力持续时间，他

们认为非常短的故事是文化衰落的标志。从来没有人说过诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据。可推知，作

者对SelvinBrown的观点持赞成态度。故选A。

32细节理解题。根据第三段"Anddigitalwritingismeantforrapidreleaseandresponse.Anonlinearticlestarts

formingacommentstringunderneathassoonasitispublished.Thismodeofwritingandreadingcanbe

interactiveandfiin.Butoftenittreat