2024-2025学年高中英语同步课时作业1Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandThinking含解析新人教版选择性必修2

Unit1同步课时作业（1）ReadingandThinking一、1.Thepolicesuspecttheremaybea___________(联系)betweenthetwocases.2.We'refacedwithas___________(严峻的)situationwherewehavetogiveupwhatwe'reeagerformost.3.Therewasnop___________(证据)thattheknifebelongedtoher.4.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatm___________(很多的)changestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.5.Thisswitchhasd___________(削减)pollutioninthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople6.Theyfelt___________(frustrate)atthelackofprogress.7.Thelocalgovernmentis___________(blame)fornotinformingthepublicofthecaseintime.8.ButtheinformationIgotwasrichandvaried,oreven___________(contradict).9.Asanadult,wehavetolearn___________(handle)stress.10.Thosewholackresistancearemorelikelyto___________(infect)withthevirus.二、intime,attendto,onceandforall,subscribeto,asaresult,thanksto,ingeneral,drawaconclusion1.Judgingfromwhathesaid,I_____thathe'dbeenlying.2.Mysister'sbirthdayisapproaching.Luckily,thegiftboughtforherissent_____.3.Ifyouwouldliketoreceiveregulardailynewsbyemail,thenyoucan_____thisserviceasfollows.4._____thesummercampforexchangestudents,theycanlearnalotaboutChineseculture.5.Wouldyouplease_____thechildwhenIamofftowork?6.Buildingalargegymisatoughtask;itisnotsomethingthatcanbecompleted_____inayear.7.Manymistakeshavebeenescapingdetection,andalotofmoneyhasbeenlost_____.8.Throughpoverty-reliefpolicies,farmersinthisarea_____arebetteroffthantheywerethreeyearsago.三、

ElonMusk,perhapstheworld'smostbrilliantbusinessman,hasahabitofmakingstatementsthatstretchtheboundsofbelievability.

OnJuly16th,2024,heintroducedanewtypeofbrain-machineinterface(BMI),startingfromthedesignofa"neurallace(神经织网)",anetofthinelectrodes(电极)thatcapturetheinformationfromthebrain.However,theelectrodesmustbeflexible,sothattheydonotdamagebraintissueandwilllastforalongtime.Andtomaketheimplantation(植入)ofsomanyelectrodessafe,painlessandeffective,theprocesshastobeautomated.

Mr.Musk'steamdoesindeedseemtohavemadeprogresstowardsthesegoals.Theirpresentationincludesvideosofarobotthatisbestdescribedasasewingmachine.Thisrobotgrabs"threads",andshootsthemdeepintothebrainthroughahole.Thefirmhasalsodesignedachipthatcanhandlesignalsfromasmanyas3,072electrodes.

Withallthesetechnologicalbreakthroughs,thefirmnowhopestohelppeopleovercomesuchillnessesasblindnessandparalysis.Theydesignedasmalldevicethatwouldsitbehindsomeone'sear,pickingupsignalsfromtheimplantedchipandpassingthemonasappropriate.Inafewyears,usingabrainimplanttocontrolyourdevicesmaybeasprevalentaswearingwirelessearphonestoday.Finally,MuskpredictsneurallacewillallowhumanstobecombinedwithAIsystems,thusenablingthespeciestosurvive.

Though,asthisannouncementshows,Mr.Muskdoeshaveahabitofpresentinghimselfastheheroofthehumanrace,atleasttheconceptthatsomemachineswillcomeunderthedirectcontrolofhumanbrainsseemspossibletobecarriedout.Thebiggestbarriertothishappeningwillprobablynotbewritingthesoftwareneededtointerpretbrainwaves,butratherpersuadingpeoplethatthenecessarysurgery,whetherbysewingmachineorotherwise,isactuallyagoodidea.1.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat__________.A.electrodesshouldbeflexibletoextendlifeB.ElonMuskconstantlycomesupwithunexpectedideasC.aneurallaceisusedtostoreinformationfromthebrainD.electrodesareimplantedbytopsurgeonsforsafetyreasons2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prevalent"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Useful. B.Common. C.Professional. D.Appropriate.3.WhatisthehardestpartofcarryingoutBMI?A.Convincingpeopletoacceptthesurgery. B.Developingdevicestoperformthesurgery.C.Writingthesoftwaretointerpretbrainwaves. D.Informingpeopleofthesuccessofthesurgery.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.TheNeuralLace,aNewTypeofBMI B.ElonMusk,theHeroofHumanBeingsC.ArtificialIntelligence,theWaytoSurvive D.ABrainImplant,aSteptoControlMachines四、

Cholerausedtobeoneof

①_____(frightening)diseases.Intheearly19thcentury,when

②_____outbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeopledied.Butneitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.ABritishdoctor,JohnSnow,wantedtosolvetheproblemandheknewthatcholerawouldnotbecontrolled

③_____itscausewasfound.Ingeneral,thereweretwocontradictorytheories

④_____explainedhowcholeraspread.Thefirstsuggestedthatbadaircausedthedisease.Thesecondwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfrom

⑤_____

(germ)infoodorwater.JohnSnowthoughtthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededproof.SowhenanotheroutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,hebegantoinvestigate.Laterwithalltheevidencehe

⑥_____(gather),JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Therefore,hehadthehandleofthepump

⑦

_____(remove)sothatitcouldn'tbeused.Throughhisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.

What'smore,JohnSnowfoundthatsomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthat

⑧_____

(pollute)byrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikely

⑨_____

(get)cholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.ThroughJohnSnow'sefforts,the

⑩_____

(threaten)ofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.

答案以及解析一、1.答案：link2.答案：severe解析：句意:我们面临着严峻的形势,那就是我们得放弃我们最渴望的东西。3.答案：proof解析：句意:没有证据证明那把刀子是属于她的。4.答案：multiple解析：句意:在一个升温3摄氏度的世界里,它发觉海洋的颜色会发生多种改变。5.答案：decreased解析：句意:这一转变削减了这个国家主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水更加平安。6.答案：frustrated解析：句意:没有进展,他们感到受挫。feel此处是系动词,后面应当用形容词。7.答案：toblame解析：句意:当地政府应当为未能刚好告知公众这个案件而负责。betoblamefor...为……担当责任,归咎于……。8.答案：contradictory解析：句意:但我得到的信息是丰富多样的,甚至是相互冲突的。此处系动词was后面用形容词,rich,varied和contradictory是三个并列的形容词。9.答案：tohandle解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:作为成年人,我们必需学会应对压力。learntodo...意为“学会做……”,故填tohandle。10.答案：beinfected解析：句意:那些缺乏反抗力的人更简单感染这种病毒。beinfectedwith固定短语,意为“被感染”。二、答案：1.drewaconclusion2.intime3.subscribeto4.Thanksto5.attendto6.onceandforall7.asaresult8.ingeneral三、答案：1-4BBAA

解析：1.推理推断题。依据第一段ElonMusk...hasahabitofmakingstatementsthatstretchtheboundsofbelievability.(ElonMusk……有一种习惯,他发表的言论延长了可信度的范围。)以及其次段中OnJuly16th,2024,heintroducedanewtypeofbrain-machineinterface(BMI)(2024年7月16日,他介绍了一种新型的脑机接口。)可知ElonMusk常常能提出前所未闻的想法,B项符合题意。故选B。

2.词义揣测题。依据第四段中Theydesignedasmalldevicethatwouldsitbehindsomeone'sear,pickingupsignalsfromtheimplantedchipandpassingthemonasappropriate.可知,现在设计的小设备应用较为困难。画线词所在句表述为几年后,与现在形成对比,表明这项技术会变得更为普遍和简易,就像戴无线耳机一样。故B项common“普遍的”切合题意。故选B。

3.细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中Thebiggestbarriertothishappeningwillprobablynotbewritingthesoftwareneededtointerpretbrainwaves,butratherpersuadingpeoplethatthenecessarysurgery...isactuallyagoodidea.可知,最大的阻碍可能不是写软件,而是劝服人们做这种必要的外科手术其实是个好办法。意在表明实施BMI最艰难的部分是劝服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A。

4.主旨大意题。依据其次段中OnJuly16th,2024,heintroducedanewtypeofbrain-machinein