2019高考英语一轮复习课时作业85Meetingyourancestors

课时作业(四十)选修8Unit5MeetingyourancestorsⅠ.阅读理解A(2018·辽宁省五校协作体高三上学期联合模拟考试)BigmessagingappsabroadWhileWeChatisChina'sbiggestmobilemessagingapp,therearemanyequivalentappsinothercountriesthatoffersimilarfeatures.WhatsApp(US)Users:morethan600millionPlatforms:Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerryFeatures:textchat,push­to­talk,filesharing,locationsharingWithmorethan600millionactiveusers,WhatsAppisoneofWeChat'sbiggestpetitors.Developedbytwoex­Yahooemployeesin2009,WhatsApporiginallyfocusedontextchat,butonAug.6italsostartedpush­to­talkservice.It'snotedforitsaccessibility,easeofuseandtheabsenceofadverts.Theserviceisfreeforthefirstyear,afterwhich$0.99(6.06yuan)ischargedforaone­yearsubscription.KakaoTalk(SouthKorea)Users:morethan100millionPlatforms:Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerryandBada(anoperatingsystemdevelopedbySamsung)Features：textchat,groupchat,push­to­talk,groupcalls,filesharingWithmorethan100millionusersinmorethan230countries,KakaoTalkisamulti­platformtextingapplicationthatallowsuserstosendandreceivemessagesforfree.WithKakaoTalk,userscanmessageeachotherone­on­oneoringroupchatswithunlimitednumbersoffriends.Youcanalsochoosefrommanyanimatedemoticonsandsharethemwithfriends.Line(Japan)Users:morethan600millionPlatforms：Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerryandPCFeatures：textchat,groupchat,push­to­talk,filesharing,locationsharing,gaming,stickersLinetopsthelistofthemostdownloadedfreeappsin52countries.Apartfromtextandvoicemessaging,Lineprovidesitsuserswithmorethan250originalstickersandemoticonstobuyfromitsownshop.Inthefirstquarterof2013alone,itmade$17millionjustfromstickers.ThepopularappalsoallowsfriendstobattleeachotherintheLINEGAME.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国、韩国和日本三个国家不同的信息应用程序。1．paredwiththeothertwoapps,whichofthefollowingfeaturesmakesLinestandout?A．Groupmobilegames.B．Freeemoticons.C．Freedownloadsoftheapp.D．Textandgroupchat.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。通过这三个不同的应用的比较并根据最后一句“ThepopularappalsoallowsfriendstobattleeachotherintheLINEGAME.”可知，Line和另外两个应用的不同之处就是它可以允许朋友们一起玩游戏，故答案为A。2．WhichofthestatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．UserscanalwayssendandreceivemessagesforfreewithWhatsApp.B．Userscansharefileswithanyofthethreeapps.C．KakaoTalkfreesusersfromunwantedadvertisements.D．Lineisthemostpopularoneofthethreeapps.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。从三个应用的Features部分可以发现它们共同的特点是filesharing，故答案为B。3．Inwhichpartofthenewspapermaythisarticlebefound?A．Advertisement.B．EconomyandFinance.C．Entertainment.D．ScienceandTechnology.答案与解析：D考查文章出处。这三则信息都是关于应用的，介绍的是科技方面的内容，所以应选D。B(2018·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)Manyyearsago,whenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildren,aged2and4,wewerepracticallyimpecunious.Myin­lawslivedfromhandtomouth,sowedidn'texpectanyhelpfromthem.Myparentslivedagreatdistanceaway,andIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpick­uptruck,carryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers,butitwasconstantlybreakingdown.Ittookalmostallthemoneywehadtohaveitfixed.Thetruckwasalsotheonlymeansoftransportationforus.Welivedinthecountryside,andwealwaysusedthebackdoorbecausethedrivewayledtoit.Onewinterevening,Isteppedoutsidetotakeabagoftrashtothebarrelandalmosttrippedoversomething.Itwasnearlydark,andIhadtobenddowntoseewhatitwas.Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.Itwasheavy,soIcalledmyhusbandtocarryitintothehouse.Onceinside,wediscoveredtwoloavesofbread,somebutter,severalcansofvegetables,acanoforangesauce,andalargeturkey.TherewassomuchthatIcouldn'trememberitall,butitwaseverythingweneededtofixawonderfuldinnereverythingexceptpotatoes.AlittlewhilelaterIrememberedthatIhadn'ttakenthetrashtothebarrel.Bynowitwasdark,soIhadtoturnontheyardlight—andthat'swhenIspottedasmallbagofpotatoessittingontheporch.ThatdinnerwasthebestIcouldremember.Weweren'tabletothankourdonators,though,becauseweneverfoundoutwhohadbeensogenerousinhelpingastrugglingyoungfamily.Whoeveritwas,weareforevergrateful.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，很多年前，我们生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐令“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。【难句分析】TherewassomuchthatIcouldn'trememberitall,butitwaseverythingweneededtofixawonderfuldinner­everythingexceptpotatoes.分析：该句由but连接的两个分句构成，其中第一个分句用了so...that...结构，表示“如此……以至于”；第二个分句中weneededtofixawonderfuldinner为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。译文：有如此多的东西以至于我都记不全了，但除了土豆，我们准备一顿丰盛的晚餐所需要的东西都有了。4．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“impecunious”inParagraph1?A．Generous.B．Harmonious.C．Penniless.D．Stubborn.答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据第一段最后一句“Myparentslivedagreatdistanceaway,andIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.”可知，“我”的父母住在很远的地方，“我”羞于让他们知道我们的处境；结合该段中的“...whenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildren,aged2and4,wewerepracticallyimpecunious.”可知，我们是有着两个孩子的年轻夫妻，据此可以推知，我们的日子过得相当贫穷，才会羞于让远方的父母知道我们的情况。据此可以判断，画线词意为“贫穷的”，故C项正确。A项意为“慷慨的，大方的”，B项意为“和谐的，和睦的”，D项意为“固执的”，都与语境不符。5．Howdidtheauthor'shusbandsupportthefamily?A．Bystartingagarage.B．Bysellingfooddoortodoor.C．Bydeliveringgoods.D．Byworkingasashopassistant.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句的“Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpick­uptruck,carryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers”可知，“我”的丈夫用一辆旧卡车为当地的店主送货谋生，故C项正确。6．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawthebasket?A．Shewasannoyed.B．Shewasastonished.C．Shewasterrified.D．Shefeltasenseofrelief.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段最后两句“Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.”可知，看到一篮子的食物，“我”几乎不能相信自己的眼睛；据此可以判断，作者很惊讶，故B项正确。A项意为“她感到恼怒”，C项意为“她感到害怕”，D项意为“她感到欣慰”，都与第三段最后两句的语境不符。7．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．AhelpinghandintimeB．AstrugglingyoungcoupleC．AtaleofpotatoesD．Arewardfromastranger答案与解析：A考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐令“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，体现文章主旨，故A项正确。C(2018·长春七校第一次联考)ThereisapopularsayingintheEnglishlanguage:“Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverhurtme.”Well,thatisnottrue.Unkindwords,name­callingoreventheso­called“thesilenttreatment”canhurtchildrenasmuchasbeingphysicallyhit,sometimesevenmoreso.Arecentstudyofmiddleschoolchildrenshowedthatverbal(言语的)abusebyotherchildrencanharmdevelopmentinthebrain.ThestudywasaprojectofresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchoolinMassachusetts.ResearcherMartinTeicherandhisteamstudiedyoungadults,aged18to25.Theseyoungmenandwomenhadnoteverbeentreatedinacruelorviolentwaybytheirparents.Theresearchersaskedtheyoungpeopletoratetheirchildhoodexposuretoverbalabusefrombothparentsandotherchildren.Thentheresearchersperformedimagingtestsonthebrainsofthesubjects.Theimagesshowedthatthepeoplewhoreportedsufferingverbalabusefrompeersinmiddleschoolhadunderdevelopedconnectionsbetweentheleftandrightsideofthebrain.Thetwosidesofthebrainareconnectedbyalargebundleofconnectingfiberscalledthecorpuscallosum.Thiswastheareathatwasunderdeveloped.Themiddleschoolyearsareatimewhenthesebrainconnectionsaredeveloping.So,unkind,hurtfulmentsfromchildrenoradultsduringthisperiodhavethegreatesteffect.Theresearcherstestedthementalandemotionalconditionofalltheyoungpeopleinthestudy.Thetestsshowedthatthissamegroupofpeoplehadhigherlevelsoffear,depression,angeranddrugabusethanothersinthestudy.TheresearcherspublishedtheirfindingsonlineontheAmericanJournalofPsychiatry'swebsite.Parentscannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplesaytotheirchildren,buttheycanpreparetheirchildren.【文章大意】本文是说明文。马萨诸塞州哈佛医学院的研究人员发现，语言暴力会干扰大脑神经的连接，对孩子的大脑发育造成不良影响。8.Whydoestheauthorusethepopularsayingatthebeginning?A．Toshowthepowerofwords.B．Tointroduceanoppositeview.C．Toprovetheauthor'sargument.D．Toshowancientpeople'swisdom.答案与解析：B考查作者意图。引用名人名言、谚语等是文章开篇的常见写作方式，且大多用来引出文章的话题。但是根据此谚语后面的“Well,thatisnottrue.Unkindwords,name­callingoreventheso­called‘thesilenttreatment’canhurtchildrenasmuchasbeingphysicallyhit,sometimesevenmoreso.”可知，本文引用这个谚语恰恰是为了引出一个不同的或者说是相反的观点，故选B。9.Whatdidthesubjectshaveinmon?A．Theywerehurtbyunkindwords.B．Theyperformedpoorlyinimagingtests.C．Theyhadtheirbrainslightlydamaged.D．Theyexperiencednophysicalabuseathome.答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Theseyoungmenandwomenhadnoteverbeentreatedinacruelorviolentwaybytheirparents.”可知，这些实验对象都没有遭受过父母的残酷或暴力对待，也就是说，他们在家里都没受到过身体上的虐待。故选D。部分考生会误选A项，原因在于考生看到了第三段中的“reportedsufferingverbalabusefrompeersinmiddleschool”而误认为所有的实验对象都遭受过语言暴力，但是根据前面的“thepeoplewho”可知，并非所有实验对象都遭受过语言暴力。10.Whatwillbediscussedinthenextparagraph?A．mentsonthefindings.B．Approachestofurtherstudies.C．Suggestionstoparents.D．Differentopinionsonthematter.答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“Parentscannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplesaytotheirchildren，buttheycanpreparetheirchildren.”可知，作者接下来应该会就“父母如何帮助自己的孩子为可能遭受的语言暴力做好准备，使他们不会受到语言暴力的影响”给出一些方法或建议。故选C。11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thewaywespeakmatters.B．Verbalviolenceshouldbestopped.C．Unkindwordshurtthebrain.D．Wordsareworsethansticksandstones.答案与解析：C'考查主旨要义。文章介绍了语言暴力对孩子的不良影响，再根据文中的“...verbal(言语的)abusebyotherchildrencanharmdevelopmentinthebrain.”可以看出，其影响主要体现在孩子的大脑发育方面。故选C。D(2017～2018·郑州一中上期高三入学测试)Youmightmakeadisgustedfacewhenyounoticethatthepersonwaitingintheircarattheredlightnexttoyouispickingtheirnose,butadmitit,youdoittoo.Andwhileitmightbethenaturaloptionwhenthereisn'taboxoftissuesaround,itcanbebadforyou.Themainreasonswhypeoplefeeltheneedtopicktheirnosearetoclearitofdriedliquid,stopanitch(痒),orjustbecauseitfeelsgood.Boogers(鼻屎)formwhendriedliquidandcilium,thetinyhairsthatlinethenostrils(鼻孔),trapthedust,dirt,andotherthings.Whenboogersbuildupinyournose,itcanbeunfortable,andsometimesjustblowingthemintoatissuedoesn'tdo_the_trick.OtolaryngologistErichP.Voigt,MD,toldBusinessInsiderthatpickingyournosecancauseinjuriesandbleedingwithinyournostrils.That'snotterriblydamaging,butwhenthebacteriafromyourhandsgetintoyourbody,itcancauseacold.Sodoctorsstronglysuggestnotpickingthenose.Ifdrywinterairiscausingthedirtyliquidtohardeninyournostrils,makingyouwanttopick,considerdampingtheairathome,ortakingasteamshowertosoftenthingsupinthere.Children,whoaremostfamousforhavingafingerintheirnose,sometimesdon'trealizehowmuchinjurythey'recausing,andsometimesitcanleadtonosebleeding.So,nexttimeyougotopickyournose,thinkabouthowmanybacteriaareonyourhandsandinyourboogers,andmaybereachforatissueinstead.Evenifyou'realone,andnotwaitingforthelighttoturngreen,please,useatissue.【文章大意】本文主要分析了人们抠鼻子的原因以及抠鼻子所带来的不良后果，并呼吁人们需要时用纸巾而不是用手指抠鼻子。【难句分析】Children,whoaremostfamousforhavingafingerintheirnose,sometimesdon'trealizehowmuchinjurythey'recausing,andsometimesitcanleadtonosebleeding.分析：本句是一个复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Children;and连接两个并列的分句。译文：那些经常用手指抠鼻子的孩子有时候并没有意识到他们这样做会造成多大的伤害，有时候这样做会导致鼻子流血。12．Whydopeoplepicktheirnose?A．Becausetheywanttodisgustothers.B．Becausetheyhavetheneedtodoit.C．Becausetheyhavenothingelsetodo.D．Becausetheydon'thavetissuesaround.答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第一段第三句“Themainreasonswhypeoplefeeltheneedtopicktheirnosearetoclearitofdriedliquid,stopanitch(痒),orjustbecauseitfeelsgood.”可知，人们抠鼻子的原因是他们认为有必要这样做，故选B。13．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpart“dothetrick”inParagraph1?A．Act.B．Cheat.C．Play.D．Help.答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据第一段最后一句中的“Whenboogersbuildupinyournose,itcanbeunfortable”可推知，鼻屎堵住鼻子的话，有时候擤鼻子并没有用。help意为“减轻，改善”，符合题意，故选D。14．Whichcanhelppeopleavoidacoldandfluaccordingtothetext?A．Stoppingpickingthenose.B．Usingtissuesregularly.C．Takingashowereveryday.D．Keepingtheairwetathome.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第二段最后两句“That'snotterriblydamaging,butwhenthebacteriafromyourhandsgetintoyourbody,itcancauseacold.Sodoctorsstronglysuggestnotpickingthenose.”可推知，抠鼻子有可能引起细菌感染，让人感冒，因此医生强烈建议不要抠鼻子，故选A。15．Whatshouldyoudowhenyouhavetopickyournose?A．Becarefulnottocausebleeding.B．Useatissueinsteadofbarefingers.C．Waitforthelighttoturnredifyouaredriving.D．Washyourhandsandclearyourfingernails.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段第一句“So,nexttimeyougotopickyournose,thinkabouthowmanybacteriaareonyourhandsandinyourboogers,andmaybereachforatissueinstead.”可知，下次要抠鼻子的话，不要直接用手指，而是用纸巾。Ⅱ.七选五(2018·潍坊模拟)Tempertantrums(发怒)rangefromcryingtoscreaming,kicking,hitting,andbreathholding.They'reequallymoninboysandgirlsandmostlyhappenbetweentheagesofonetothree.__1__，andothershavethemrarely.Tantrumsareanormalpartofchilddevelopment.Theyarethewayyoungchildrenshowthey'reupsetorfrustrated(沮丧的).Tantrumsmayhappenwhenkidsaretied,hungry,orunfortable;orbecausetheycan'tgetsomething(forexample,anobjectoraparent)todowhattheywant.__2__.Tantrumsaremonduringthesecondyearoflife,atimewhenlanguageskillsarestartingtodevelop.Becauseyoungchildrenatthisagecan'tyetsaywhattheywant,feel,orneed,afrustratingexperiencemaycauseatantrum.__3__.__4__—morethantheymaybeabletohandle.Thiscanleadtopowerstrugglesasachildthinks“Icandoitmyself”or“Iwantit,giveittome”.Whenkidsdiscoverthattheycan'tdoitandcan'thaveeverythingtheywant,theymayhaveatantrum.Sotrytopreventtantrumsfromhappeninginthefirstplace,wheneverpossible.Giveplentyofposit