2018届中考英语基础知识复习检测11

八年级(下)Units3—4,中考基础知识梳理类别课标考点要求词汇攻关1.borrow→(反义词)________2．independent→(名词)独立________3．develop→(名词)________4．fair→(名词)________→(反义词)________5.ill→(名词)________6．communicate→(名词)________7．second→(副词)________8．usual→(反义词)________→(副词)________短语归纳1.倒垃圾________________2．频繁，反复________________3．一……就……，尽快________________4．目的是，为了________________5．依靠，依赖________________6．照顾，处理________________7．快速查看，浏览________________8．重要的事________________9.成功地发展，解决________________10．和睦相处，关系良好________________11．删除，删去________________12．比较，对比________________13．依……看________________14．吃惊地，惊讶地________________15．随时，马上，在任何时刻________________16．过来，顺便拜访________________句型再现1.“你能扫一下地板吗？”“好的，当然可以。”—________________sweepthefloor?—Yes，________．2．他们应该将时间花在学业上，为的是取得好成绩并考上好大学。Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolwork________________and________agooduniversity.3．同时，当他们长大后，他们将不得不做家务，所以他们现在没必要做家务。Also，whentheygetolder，theywillhavetodohouseworkso________________now.4．我认为做家务并不是很难，我并不介意做家务。Ithink____________isnotsodifficult.I____________them.5．昨天我发现我的妹妹在翻阅我的东西。Ifoundmysister________________mythingsyesterday.6．相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直看到深夜。Insteadhewatches________________untillateatnight.7．孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。____________kidslearntobeindependent，____________itisfortheirfuture.8．你为何不与你的家人谈谈这些感受呢？________________thesefeelingswithyourfamily?9．人们不该把自己的孩子逼得太紧。People______________theirkidssohard.10．他们总是把他们和其他孩子作比较。They________themwithotherchildren.语法结构1.情态动词could表示请求、允许的用法。2．表示征求意见或提出建议的句型。话题1.Choresandpermission(家务和许可)2.Interpersonalcommunication(人际沟通),贵阳五年中考真题演练◆词汇类()1.(2014贵阳38题)ThismathproblemissohardthatIcan't________.Pleasegivemesomeadvice.A．lookoutitB．workitoutC．giveitout2．(2013贵阳93题)Alexwillgoforapicnicinsteadof________athomethisweekend.(stay)()3.(2012贵阳32题)LindaisnotgoodatChinese，butshepassedtheexam________thehelpofherclassmates.A．withB．underC．without4．(2012贵阳92题)—WhenisMother'sDay?—It'sonthe________(two)SundayinMayeveryyear.◆情态动词()5.(2014贵阳42题)InChinaandsomeothercountries，itisimpolitetospeakloudly________youarehavingameal.A．beforeB．whileC．after◆句型类()6.(2013贵阳35题)“whatshouldIgetmymomforherbirthday？”“why________getherascarf？”A．don'tyouB．doyouC．areyou,贵阳中考重难点突破neitheradv.也不【考点抢测】1．—Idon'tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther.—________(我也不能)．Let'sstophereforarest.2．—Whatwouldyoulike，teaorcoffee?—________(都不要)．Justaglassoforangejuice.3．两个女孩以前都没看过这部电影。________themoviebefore.＝________themoviebefore.4．BothofthemhavebeentoNewYork.(变为否定句)________ofthem________beentoNewYork.【满分点拨】代词(1)作主语，谓语动词常用单数(2)常与of连用，neitherof＋名词复数Neitherofthemwasingoodhealth，butbothofthemworkedveryhard.他们两个人身体都不好，但工作都非常努力。形容词(1)用在单数名词之前(2)其修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词用单数Neitheranswerisright.两个答案都不对。副词放于句首，用倒装语序，表示“……也不”neither＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语—Hedoesn'tgotoschoolbybike.—NeitherdoI.—他不骑自行车上学。—我也不骑。短语(1)neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分表否定；反义短语both…and…，连接同等成分表示肯定(2)连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”NeitherInorheknowsit.我和他都不知道此事。辨析borrow，lend与keep【考点抢测】borrow，lend，keep5．—MayI________yourbike?—Certainly，butyoumustn't________ittoothers.6．I________thisbookfortwoweeks.Ihavetoreturnitnow.7．She________himsomemoney.＝She________somemoneytohim.＝He________somemoneyfromher.()8.(2015贵阳十八中模拟)Ican________youmydictionary，butyoucan________itforonlyaweek.A．lend；borrowB．borrow；keepC．lend；keep【满分点拨】borrow，lend与keep的用法区别：都表示“借”，但“借法”各有不同。

borrow借进说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于borrowsth.fromsb.结构中，为终止性动词lend借出即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于lendsth.tosb.或lendsb.sth.结构中，为终止性动词—CanIborrowthisbook？我可以借这本书吗？—Yes，butyoumustn'tlendittoothers.可以，但你不许借给别人。keep保存，保留用于表示借用的时间长度，可以和表示时间段的时间状语及howlong等连用—HowlongmayIkeepthisbook？这本书我可借多长时间？—Twoweeks.两周。【图解助记】【注意】意为“归还”时return是及物动词，后直接加物，加to可再接人，即returnsth.tosb.如：YoushouldreturnthepianotoDickontime.你应该按时把钢琴还给迪克。辨析while与when【考点抢测】when，while9．Iwaslisteningtotheradio________hecamein.10．________hecameback，Iwasdoingsomewashing.11．Hefeelasleep________hewasreading.12．Heaskedmeaquestion________Iwasspeaking.13．HewaswatchingTV________shewascooking.【满分点拨】while与when：当……的时候while强调同时性或某时间段内一种情况发生时另一种情况出现，在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在；when说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；可与延续或非延续性动词连用。如：WhileJimwasrepairinghisbike，LinTaocametoseehim.正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。Youcan'tdoyourhomeworkwhileyou'rewatchingTV.你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。Whentheteachercamein，weweretalking.当老师进来时，我们正在说话。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmymothercamebackhomeyesterdayevening.昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候，我正在做家庭作业。when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。【拓展】while还可以表示对比或转折，意为“而，然而”。此时，while一般位于句中。如：Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersdon'thaveenough.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。Youlikesports，whileIprefermusic.你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。辨析provide与offer【考点抢测】provide，offer14．Thehostess________usacupofcoffee＝Thehostess________acupofcoffee________us.15．We________food________thehungrychildren.＝We________thehungrychildren________food.()16.(2015贵阳十九中模拟)Thecarswillbe________topeoplealloverthecountry.A．providedB．boughtC．supplied【满分点拨】provide，give和offer的区别三个词均有“供给；供应”之意，区别主要在结构上。(1)providefor＝providewith(2)give＝giveto(3)offer强调“主动提供”offer＝offerto【温馨提示】若offer所接的直接宾语和间接宾语都为代词时，只能用后者。offerittosb.(代词)assoonas一……就……；尽快【考点抢测】17．我刚坐到电视机前妈妈就过来了。Mymomcameover________________________IsatdowninfrontoftheTV.18．请尽快给我写信。Pleasewritetome________________________________．()19.(2014菏泽中考)—Whenwillyoureturnthebooktome?—I'llgiveittoyou________Ifinishit.A．onceB．untilC．assoonas【满分点拨】assoonas的用法(1)assoonas引导时间状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。(2)assoonaspossible＝assoonasonecan/could，意为“尽可能快地”。sinceconj.因为；既然prep.自……以来【考点抢测】20．Hehaslivedthereforalongtime.(改为同义句)Hehaslivedthere________alongtime________．21．既然他们和父母住在一起，他们就应该懂得人人都有责任保持家的干净整洁。________theyliveinonehousewiththeirparents，theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.()22.(2015黄冈中考)—Icanhardlybelievemyeyes.Isthatyou，Lucy?—Yes.Ithasbeenalmost20years________weweretogether.A．sinceB．beforeC．after【满分点拨】since的两种词性(1)作介词，since＋(过去的)某一时刻＝for＋一段时间，表示一段时间。(2)作连词，引导时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。getonwith和睦相处；关系良好【考点抢测】()23.(2015兰州中考)Goodmannerscanmakepeople________eachother.A．getonwellwithB．getoffC．getover24．I'mgettingonwellwithmynewclassmates.(对画线部分提问)________________yougettingonwithyournewclassmates?【满分点拨】geton的用法(1)geton＝getalong相处；进展；与……合得来(2)geton/alongwellwithsb.与某人相处得好(3)geton/alongwellwithsth.某事进展得好(4)Howareyougettingon/alongwithsb./sth.?你与某人相处得怎样？/某事进展如何？【归纳拓展】geton还可表示“上车”，其反义短语是getoff，意为“下车”。Peter，couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish？彼得，请你把垃圾倒掉好吗？【考点抢测】()25.(2015绵阳中考)—Couldyoutellmeagoodplacetoeat?—________．There'sonenearby.A．ThanksalotB．Sorry，I'mnewhereC．Ofcourse【满分点拨】句式常见答语Could(Can/Would/Will)youpleasedosth.？表示请求或征求意见(相当于Pleasedosth.)肯定：Yes，sure./Certainly./Ofcourse./Withpleasure./Noproblem.否定：Sorry，Ican't.Ihaveto…/Certainlynot./I'mafraidnot.Couldyoupleasenotdosth.？常表示委婉批评或建议(相当于Don'tdosth.)Sorry，Iwon'tdothatagain.CouldIdo…？表示请求许可(相当于MayI…？)肯定：Sure./Yes，youcan.否定：Sorry，butyoucan't/(you'd)betternot./No，youcan't./Sorry，youcan't.【归纳拓展】各种“请求”的表达方式请求Wouldyoupleasedo…？请你做……好吗？Wouldyoulike/lovetodo…？你愿意做……吗？Wouldyouminddoing…？你介意做……吗？ShallI/wedo…？我/我们做……好吗？Let'sdo…！让我/我们做……吧！Whydon'tyougotosleepearlierthisevening？你今天晚上为什么不早点睡呢？【考点抢测】()26.(2014黔西南中考)—You'dbetternoteattoomuchsalt.It'sbadforyourhealth.—________A．Notatall.B．I'mthirstynow.C．Thanksforyo