2022年浙江省温州十校联合体高二下学期期末联考英语试题 （不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年浙江省温州十校联合体高二下学期期末联考英语试题选择题部分第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthehospital.B.Atthecustoms.C.Atthecinema.2.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$4.B.$6.C.$10.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelfinally?A.Defeated.B.Depressed.C.Encouraged.4.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Shipmodels.B.Somechips.C.Pigdolls.5.Whatmadethewomanwaitsolongforherclothes?A.Hernotbeinginformedintime.B.Thewrongdeliveryofherpackage.C.Thebreaking-downofthecompany.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherewillthepartybeheldtonight?A.AtKate’shouse.B.AtTimesSquare.C.Attheman’shouse.7.Whyshouldtheyleavealittleearlier?A.Becauseofthetrafficjam.B.BecausetheyhavetopickupKate.C.Becausetheyarenotfamiliarwiththeplace.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdowelearnaboutthecouple?A.Theyareonvacation.B.Thewifedoesn’tliketotravel.C.Theywentonatriplastyear.9.Howlongdoesthetripintheadvertisementtake?A.10days.B.2weeks.C.21days.10.Whydoesn’tthewifelikethetrip?A.Shedoesn’tliketoliveontheship.B.Shepreferstostayinoneplace.C.Shedoesn’tlikethefood.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whyisthewomansohappy?A.Shestartedcarryingacreditcard.B.ShegotanIDcardofherown.C.She’sgotsomemoneybelongingtoher.12.Whatadvicedoesthemangivethewoman?A.Shemusthaveenoughmoneywithher.B.Sheshouldnotbuyeverythingshewants.C.ShemustcareabouthercreditcardandDcard.13.Howmuchcanthewomanspendatmostwithhercreditcard?A.$500.B.$1,500.C.$50.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whyhasn’tthemanbeenhelpingthewoman?A.Hehasaclassatnight.B.He’sbeenworkinglateeveryday.C.He’sbeeneatingathisfriend’shome.15.Whatkindoffooddoestherestaurantserve?A.Americanfastfood.B.TraditionalIndianfood.C.Home-styleItalianfood.16.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whattimedoestheauthorusuallywakeup?A.At4o’clock.B.At5o’clock.C.At6o’clock.18.Whathappenedwhen,theauthorread?A.Hefeltdull.B.Hefellasleep.C.Heturnedexcited.19.Whatwastheanimallike?A.Ithadapinknose.B.Ithadgoldeneyes.C.Ithadbrownfur.20.Whatdidtheauthordecidetobuy?A.Acat.B.Abird.C.Adog.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。AAtschool,Iwasinthetopsetformaths.MyteacherrecommendedthatIstudyeconomicsandstatisticsasmyA-levelsubjects,butIhadmymindsetonalifefilledwiththearts.Infact,Iwasavictimofgenderstereotypesthatmendoscienceormathsandwomendoartorlanguages.Computerscience,technologyandphysicsjustdidnotfigureinmyteenageworldview.Nogirlspopularinmyschoolchosetostudythosesubjects.RealitystruckhardwhenIbeganattendingjobinterviewsandinterviewerswouldsay,“It’sgreatyouspeakforeignlanguages,butwhatelsecanyoudo?”Nobodyaskedmyfriendswhohadstudiedscienceortechnologythosequestions.Arecentsurveyshowedthatthreeofthebest-paidjobsforwomenareinthetechnologysector.It’sasectorthatreallycanchangetheworld.Wemustshowgirlsthattechnologyhasaneffectoneveryindustry,fromfashiontoarchitecture.Anybodycanlearntocodeprogramsandthesedaysit’sasimportantasreadingandwriting.I’verealizedthatatuniversityI’dachievedthewrongkindofliteracy.Notbeingabletocodeprogramslimitsyourimpactontheworldfarmorethanignoranceofgreatliterature.NowIhaveafive-year-olddaughter.Idon’twanthertoblindlyfollowgenderrolesthewayIdid.Iwanthertoknowthefactthatascienceortechnicaldegreewillnotlimithercreativitybutexpanditandbroadenherhorizonsfarmorethanmyartsbackgroundcan.I’mexposinghertoMinecraftandapps,whichhelpimproveanalyticalthinkingandproblemsolvingskills.I’mhopingthatmydaughterwilldiscoverandacceptherpotentialforscienceandwanttochangetheworld.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“genderstereotypes”inParagraph2referto?A.Personallearningstyle. B.Sexcharacteristics. C.Conventionalsexconcepts. D.Professiondifference.2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichmaybethebenefitoflearningscience?A.Improvinglanguagecompetence. B.Increasingjobpossibilities.C.Winningpopularity. D.Understandinggreatliterature.3.Howdidtheauthorfeelforhermajorchoice?A.Satisfied. B.Active. C.Discouraged. D.Regretful.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要描写作者通过切身经历，从讲述了传统性别观念对自己的负面影响，而领悟到不能盲目地追随性别角色，并希望自己的女儿不要受到这种影响，而是在学习和职业上做出明智的选择。【1题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“thatmendoscienceormathsandwomendoartorlanguages”（即男性做科学或数学，女性做艺术或语言）可知，作者此时的想法是一种很传统的性别观念。由此推断划线部分指“传统性别观”。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“interviewerswouldsay,“It’sgreatyouspeakforeignlanguages,butwhatelsecanyoudo?”Nobodyaskedmyfriendswhohadstudiedscienceortechnologythosequestions.”（面试官会说：“你说外语真好，但你还能做什么呢？”没有人问我那些学过科学或技术的朋友这些问题。）以及第四段“Arecentsurveyshowedthatthreeofthebest-paidjobsforwomenareinthetechnologysector.”（最近的一项调查显示，女性薪酬最高的工作中有三份是在技术部门。）可推知，作者可能认为学好科学能够提高工作机率。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Anybodycanlearntocodeprogramsandthesedaysit’sasimportantasreadingandwriting.I’verealizedthatatuniversityI’dachievedthewrongkindofliteracy.”（任何人都可以学习编写程序，现在它与阅读和写作一样重要。我意识到在大学里我读错了书。）以及第二段的“victim(受害者)”和第六段的“blindly(盲目地)”可知，作者很后悔。故选D。BBloombergreportedonthestatusofTokyoBay,theopenwaterswimmingvenuefortriathletes(铁人三项运动员).Bloomberg’sreportactuallysumsitselfupquitenicelyinjusttwowords:“Itstinks.”Thequestionofwaterqualityfirstcameupin2019.Duringawatertestpriortoaparatriathlonrace,E.coliwasdetectedinmorethandoubletheamountallowedforcompetitionbytheInternationalTriathlonUnion.Alocalnewspaperquotedoneathleteassayingthebay“smelledlikeatoilet”.WheretheproblemslieinthisspecificcaseisthattherehavebeenconcernsoverthepollutioninTokyoBayforaverylongtime.ThisisduetotheTokyometropolishavingamixedsewage(污水)system.Inamixedsewagesystem,drainage(排水系统)forrainwaterandsewagearecombined,notseparate.AccordingtoBloomberg’sreport,duringtimesofflooding,untreatedsewagesystemgetsflusheddirectlyintothebayinanefforttoavoidflooddamage.So,whathappenstotheuntreatedwastewaterthatgetspumpeddirectlyintothebay?Forthemostpart,itsimplystaysinthebay.AccordingtoresearchbyKoibuchi,duetothesizeanddepthofthebay,approximately60percentofthewaterinthebayisfromtheriversandTokyo’sdrainpipes.Inresponsetothatwatertest,Tokyoputforwardneweffortstocleanupthepollutioninthebay.Thesestepsincludedumpingmassiveamountsofsandintothebay,puttinginpolyesterscreenstoprotectagainstE.coli,andinstallingnewstoragetankstoholdfloodrunoff,soitcanbetreatedbeforebeingreleasedintothebay.Despitethesemeasures,thebayhasbeenemittinganunpleasantsmellforafewweeks,accordingtoBloomberg’sreport.4.Accordingtothepassage,E.coli______.A.canbeaharmfulsubstance B.comesfromthebodyofaseaanimalC.mayhelpcleanthesea D.isakindofhouseholdwaste5.WhatcausesTokyoBaytosmellunpleasant?A.Rainwatertrappedinit. B.Theoldstoragetank.CUntreatedsewagesystem. D.Floodwaterfromtheground.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thesanddumpedintothebayworkswelltoreducethesmellofthebay.B.Theeffortsnewlymadegreatlypreventthebayfromemittingabadsmell.C.Themeasurestakenlatelyinresponsetothewatertestarenotsoeffective.D.Frequentwatertestshelptopreventagainstwaterpollution.7.Whatwillpossiblybediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Thebadeffectofsewage. B.Thefurthermeasurestobetaken.C.Differentopinionsaboutthepreviousmeasures. D.Athletes:attitudetotheunpleasantsmelling.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章详细讲述了东京湾水质问题产生的原因，以及最近采取的措施。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Duringawatertestpriortoaparatriathlonrace,E.coliwasdetectedinmorethandoubletheamountallowedforcompetitionbytheInternationalTriathlonUnion.(在一场全能比赛前的一次水测试中，大肠杆菌被检测出的数量是国际铁人三项联盟允许参赛数量的两倍多。)”可知大肠杆菌被检测出的数量是国际铁人三项联盟允许参赛数量的两倍多，极大超出了允许参赛的数量，由此可推断出大肠杆菌可能是有害物质。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“AccordingtoBloomberg’sreport,duringtimesofflooding,untreatedsewagesystemgetsflusheddirectlyintothebayinanefforttoavoidflooddamage.(据彭博社报道，在洪水泛滥期间，未经处理的污水系统会被直接冲进海湾，以避免洪水造成破坏。)”可知在洪水泛滥期间，未经处理的污水系统（untreatedsewagesystem）会被直接冲进海湾，导致了东京湾的气味难闻。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Despitethesemeasures,thebayhasbeenemittinganunpleasantsmellforafewweeks,accordingtoBloomberg’sreport.(据彭博社报道，尽管采取了这些措施，但这片海湾已经连续几周散发出难闻的气味。)”可知尽管采取了这些措施，但这片海湾已经连续几周散发出难闻的气味，说明这些措施是没有效果的。故选C项。7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Despitethesemeasures,thebayhasbeenemittinganunpleasantsmellforafewweeks,accordingtoBloomberg’sreport.(据彭博社报道，尽管采取了这些措施，但这片海湾已经连续几周散发出难闻的气味。)”可知尽管采取了这些措施，但这片海湾已经连续几周散发出难闻的气味，说明这些措施是没有效果的。那么接下来应该会详细讲解如何采取其他有效的措施来改变东京湾的水质问题。故选B项。CFallsaretheleadingcauseofinjurydeathandthemostcommoncauseofdeathinhospitalamongpeople65andover.Butnowthegoodnewsisthatscientistshavedevelopeda“magiccarpet”.Itdoesn’tfly,anditwon’ttakeyouover,sideways,andunderonaridethroughtheArabiannightsky,butitcanusetinysensorstomappeople’swalkingpatterns-patternsthatmaythenbeanalyzedtopredictandevenpreventfalls.Britishresearcherssaytheirinventioncouldsoundawarmingbeforethefall,simplybymonitoringaperson’severystep,usingaseriesoffibreopticcables(光纤维)wovenintothecarpet.Laidbeneathacarpet,tinyelectronicscanbendwhenanyonestepsonitandactassensorssendingsignalstoacomputer,whichcanbeanalyzedtoshowtheimageofthefootprintandspotgradualchangesinwalkingbehaviourorasuddenincidentlikeafall.Eachyear,morethanathirdofolderadultssufferafallandwiththeworld’spopulationagingeveryyear,thatnumberislikelytoincrease.Theresearchersbelievethetechnologycouldbeusedtofitsmartcarpetsincarehomesorhospitals,aswellasbeingfittedinpeople’shomesifnecessary.Dr.PatriciaScully,fromTheUniversityofManchester’sPhotonScienceInstitute,believesthemagiccarpetcouldbevitalnotonlyforhelpingpeopleintheimmediateresultofafall,butalsoinidentifyinglittlechangesinpeople’swalkinghabitswhichmightnotbespottedbyafamilymemberorcarer.Thisisreallyexcitingresearchworkusingtechnologiestopreventfallsanddemonstrateshowengineers,scientistsandhealthcareprofessionals,canworktogethertodevelopnewandinnovativehealthcaretechnologiesthatmakearealdifferenceinpractice.8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Thecarpetcanusesensorstogiveamapforwalkingdirection.B.Thewarningalarmgoesoffthemomentthefalltakesplace.C.Thecarpetrepresentsajointeffortofscientistsfromdifferentbackgrounds.D.Besidesthecarpet,afamilymembercanidentifythelittlechangesinwalkinghabits.9.Thebesttitleofthepassagemightbe______.A.ResearchersfindacureforfallsB.ThemagiccarpetstopselderlyfallingoverC.Anewtechnologycanchangeelderly’swalkingbehaviourD.Smartequipmentforelderlypeopleisontheway10.Youcanmostprobablyseethisarticlein______.A.asciencefiction B.anewsreport C.ahospitalleaflet D.aspeech【答案】8.C9.B10.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍防止老人摔倒的“魔毯”。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisisreallyexcitingresearchworkusingtechnologiestopreventfallsanddemonstrateshowengineers,scientistsandhealthcareprofessionals,canworktogethertodevelopnewandinnovativehealthcaretechnologiesthatmakearealdifferenceinpractice.”(这是一项非常激动人心的研究工作，它使用技术来预防跌倒，并展示了工程师、科学家和医疗保健专业人员如何共同开发新的创新医疗保健技术，从而在实践中发挥真正的作用。)可知，“魔毯”是由来自不同行业的人一起合作开发的。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Butnowthegoodnewsisthatscientistshavedevelopeda“magiccarpet”.Itdoesn’tfly,anditwon’ttakeyouover,sideways,andunderonaridethroughtheArabiannightsky,butitcanusetinysensorstomappeople’swalkingpatterns-patternsthatmaythenbeanalyzedtopredictandevenpreventfalls.”(但现在好消息是，科学家们已经开发出了“魔毯”。它不会飞，也不会让你在穿越阿拉伯夜空的过程中上下左右摇晃，但它可以使用微型传感器来绘制人们的行走模式，然后可以对这些模式进行分析，以预测甚至防止摔倒。)以及倒数第二段“themagiccarpetcouldbevitalnotonlyforhelpingpeopleintheimmediateresultofafall,butalsoinidentifyinglittlechangesinpeople’swalkinghabitswhichmightnotbespottedbyafamilymemberorcarer.”(魔毯不仅对帮助人们应对跌倒的直接后果至关重要，而且对确定人们行走习惯的微小变化也至关重要，因为这些变化可能不会被家人或护理者发现。)可知，本篇文章主要讲“魔毯”可以起到预防老人滑到的作用。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Butnowthegoodnewsisthatscientistshavedevelopeda“magiccarpet”.Itdoesn’tfly,anditwon’ttakeyouover,sideways,andunderonaridethroughtheArabiannightsky,butitcanusetinysensorstomappeople’swalkingpatterns-patternsthatmaythenbeanalyzedtopredictandevenpreventfalls.”(但现在好消息是，科学家们已经开发出了“魔毯”。它不会飞，也不会让你在穿越阿拉伯夜空的过程中上下左右摇晃，但它可以使用微型传感器来绘制人们的行走模式，然后可以对这些模式进行分析，以预测甚至防止摔倒。)可知，这篇文章主要讲述可以预防老人滑到的“魔毯”，是一项新技术。由此可推断，这篇文章最有可能来源于“新闻报告”。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从段问候的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LeonardodaVinciisoftenthoughtofmainlyasanartist,withworld-famousworkslikeTheLastSupperandtheMonaLisa.___11___

Buthisnotebooks,filledwithhisstrangewriting,showthathismaininterestswereinengineeringandtechnology.___12___

Ifhispioneeringworkonanatomy(解剖学)isalsotakenintoconsideration,itisnothardtoseewhyLeonardoisconsideredtobeoneofthegreatestgeniuses(天才)ofalltime.Bornin1452toaFlorentinelawyerandalocalvillagegirl,Leonardowasgivenonlyaverybasiceducation.AftertenyearsintheworkshopoftheartistVerrocchio,hebegantoworkforhimself.Theworkhedidshowsanunbelievablecombinationoftechnicalskillandverycarefulobservation.___13___Attheageofthirty,helefthishometownandmovedtoMilan,wherehespentseventeenyearsworkingfortheDukeofMilan.___14___

Infact,hispaintingwasincreasinglyinfluencedbyhisinterestinmathematics.Duringthisperiod,hepaintedTheLastSupperanddevelopedhisideasforchemicalweapons(化学武器).In1506hereturnedtoMilanandbecameincreasinglyinterestedinscience.___15___

Healsostudiedmanyotheranimals,comparingtheirbodiestothehumanbody.Fromthenon,Leonardospenttherestofhislifemainlyonhisscientificstudies.A.Beforelong,hereturnedtohispainting.B.Ofcoursehisplaceinarthistoryiscertain.C.Italsoshowshisgreatinterestintechnology.D.Thenotebooksarefullofdrawingsforallkindsofinventions.E.Hebegantostudyhumanbodiesandthemovementoftheblood.F.Herehecontinuedtocombinehisscientificworkwithhispainting.G.Itwasagoodchancetomakesomemoneywithhisnewinventions.【答案】11.B12.D13.C14.F15.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇人物传记。叙述了达芬奇虽然是伟大的艺术家，但同时对科学研究感兴趣，这对他的艺术创作也有影响。【11题详解】由“LeonardodaVinciisoftenthoughtofmainlyasanartist,withworld-famousworkslikeTheLastSupperandtheMonaLisa.”可知，小题1要对前文进行总结，来肯定他在艺术史上的地位。故B选项切题。【12题详解】由“Buthisnotebooks,filledwithhisstrangewriting,showthathismaininterestswereinengineeringandtechnology.”可知，小题2要说明笔记本上的内容是什么。故D选项切题。【13题详解】由“Theworkhedidshowsanunbelievablecombinationoftechnicalskillandverycarefulobservation.”可知，小题3要展示出他对其他方面得兴趣。故C选项切题。【14题详解】由“Infact,hispaintingwasincreasinglyinfluencedbyhisinterestinmathematics.”可知，小题4要说他继续把他科学工作和他的绘画结合起来。故F选切题。【15题详解】由“Healsostudiedmanyotheranimals,comparingtheirbodiestothehumanbody.”可知，小题5要同后一句一样说明达芬奇研究的内容。故E选项切题。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从段文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。MadisonWilliamswasstudyinginherbedroominDublin,Ohio,inAugust2016whenthedoorburstopen.ItwashermotherLeighWilliams,witha(an)____16____story:Alittleboyfellintoadrainandnoonecan____17____him.Thenshemadethis____18____ofher13-year-olddaughter:“Canyouhelp?”MadisonandLeighrantoaneighbor’syard,wheretheyfoundtheboy’s____19____motherandotheradults____20____amanholecover(下水道井盖).Itsdiameterwas____21____widerthanabasketball.Theboy,agedonlytwo,had____22____thedrainandwasdrowninginthewater.Madisonquicklyexaminedthesituation.Shewastheonlyonewhocould____23____throughthesmallhole.Without____24____,shetoldtheadultstolowerherin.Leighandothersheldherwaistand_____25_____.Madisonshookherarmsandshoulders_____26_____shegotthroughtheholeintothedarkandsmellydrain.Intheprocessherleftwristwas_____27_____.Ratherthantendtoherinjury,Madison_____28_____thesurfaceofthewater,hopingto_____29_____theboy.Everyonceinawhile,shecouldseehislittle_____30_____butfailedtograsphisfoot.Minutestickedbybeforeshesawtheoutlineofhisfootagain.Madisonshothergoodhandoutandgrabbedthefoot_____31_____.Thenbothofthemwereliftedout.Buttheboywasn’toutoftrouble.Hehadbeenshortofoxygenthathewasn’t_____32_____.Lyingonthegroundunconscious,hewasinurgentneedoffirstaid.Aftercallingforemergencyservices,anadultclearedhisairwayandplacedhimonhisside,andanotheradult_____33_____himfirmlyonhisbackuntiltheboycoughedupfluids.Thentheywererushedtothehospital.IttookMadisonlongertorecoverthantheboy,whoreturnedhomesoon.She_____34_____,stayedthereforherinjury,experiencingmonthsofphysicaltreatmentforherwrist.“Madison’saheroine,”theboy’smothersaid.“Whatotherteenagegirlswill_____35_____togointoadrain?”16.A.amazing B.frustrating C.embarrassing D.frightening17.A.reach B.find C.defend D.hold18.A.determination B.request C.recommendation D.order19.A.cautious B.curious C.anxious D.courageous20.A.digging B.surrounding C.blocking D.shifting21.A.closely B.slightly C.mildly D.specially22.A.slippedinto B.takenover C.brokenup D.runacross23.A.jump B.shelter C.fit D.suit24.A.argument B.hesitation C.doubt D.comment25.A.ankle B.hands C.fist D.throat26.A.after B.before C.until D.since27.A.sprained B.treated C.wrapped D.lost28.A.traced B.scanned C.exposed D.stared29.A.discover B.observe C.follow D.spot30.A.shoes B.finger C.hair D.toes31.A.strangely B.carefully C.tightly D.clearly32.A.bleeding B.screaming C.breathing D.choking33.A.hit B.slapped C.supported D.pushed34.A.meanwhile B.however C.otherwise D.therefore35.A.emerge B.pretend C.volunteer D.guarantee【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.C20.B21.B22.A23.C24.B25.A26.C27.A28.B29.D30.D31.C32.C33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个小男孩掉进了下水道，13岁的女孩Madison在救援的过程中，左手受了严重的伤，但她不顾个人疼痛，勇敢地救出了这个小男孩。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是她的母亲讲述的一个可怕的故事：一个小男孩掉进了下水道，没人能找到他。A.amazing令人惊讶的；B.frustrating令人沮丧的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.frightening令人害怕的。根据下文“Alittleboyfellintoadrainandnoonecanreachhim.(一个小男孩掉进了下水道，没人能找到他)”可知一个小男孩掉进了下水道，没人能找到他。这是一个令人害怕的故事。frightening符合句意。故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是她的母亲讲述的一个可怕的故事：一个小男孩掉进了下水道，没人能找到他。A.reach够到；B.find找到；C.see看到；D.hold持有。根据上文“Alittleboyfellintoadrain(一个小男孩掉进了下水道)”可知一个小男孩掉进了下水道，应该是没人能够够到他。reach符合句意。故选A项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她向13岁的女儿提出了这样的请求：“你能帮忙吗？”。A.determination决定；B.request请求；C.recommendation推荐；D.order命令。根据下文“Canyouhelp?”可知她向女儿提出了一个请求。request符合句意。故选B项。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迪逊和利跑到邻居家的院子里，发现男孩焦虑的母亲和其他成年人正在移动井盖。A.cautious谨慎的；B.curious好奇的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.courageous勇敢的。根据上文可知，孩子掉到了下水道里面，他的母亲必然很焦虑。anxious符合句意。故选C项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊和利跑到邻居家的院子里，发现男孩焦虑的母亲和其他成年人围着一个井盖。A.digging挖；B.surrounding包围；C.blocking阻塞；D.shifting挪动。根据上文可知，孩子掉到了下水道里面，他的母亲和其他成年人想救他，应该都是围在井盖旁边。surrounding符合句意。故选B项。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它的直径比篮球略宽。A.closely紧密地；B.slightly稍微；C.mildly温和地；D.specially特别地。根据后文“Shewastheonlyonewhocouldthroughthesmallhole.(她是唯一能从那个小洞里钻过去的人。)”可知，下水道的洞口很小，直径应该是稍微比篮球略宽。slightly符合句意。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个只有两岁的男孩滑进了下水道，快要淹死在水里了。A.slippedinto滑进；B.takenover接管；C.brokenup破裂，分手；D.runacross跑过。根据前文可知，小男孩掉进了下水道，且下水道的直径比篮球略宽，说明他应该是滑落进去的。slippedinto符合句意。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是唯一能从那个小洞里钻过去的人。A.jump跳；B.shelter躲避；C.fit适合；D.suit适合。根据前文可知，小男孩掉进了下水道，且下水道的直径比篮球略宽，她很快审视了一下形势，只有她可以从那个小洞钻过去。fit符合句意。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地让大人们把她放下去。A.argument争论；B.hesitation犹豫；C.doubt怀疑；D.comment评论。根据后文“shetoldtheadultstolowerherin(让大人们把她放下去)”可知，她让大人们把她放下去，说明她没有犹豫。hesitation符合句意。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Leigh其他人扶着她的腰和脚踝。A.ankle脚踝；B.hands手；C.fist拳头；D.throat喉咙。根据前文“shetoldtheadultstolowerherin(让大人们把她放下去)”可知，大人们应该扶着她的腰和脚踝。ankle符合句意。故选A项。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊摇着胳膊和肩膀，直到穿过那个洞，进入又黑又臭的下水道。A.after…之后；B.before…之前；C.until直到；D.since自从。根据前文“Madisonshookherarmsandshoulders(麦迪逊摇着胳膊和肩膀)”可知，麦迪逊摇着胳膊和肩膀直到穿过那个洞，进入又黑又臭的下水道。until符合句意。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，她的左手腕扭伤了。A.sprained扭伤；B.treated治疗；C.wrapped包扎；D.lost丢失。根据下文“Ratherthantendtoherinjury(麦迪逊没有去处理自己的伤势)”可知，麦迪逊受伤了。sprained符合句意。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊没有去处理自己的伤势，而是扫描了一下水面，希望能找到那个男孩。A.traced追踪；B.scanned扫描，浏览；C.exposed暴露；D.stared盯。根据下文“hopingtotheboy”可知，麦迪逊虽然受伤了，但一直在到处看，浏览水面，希望找到那个男孩。scanned符合句意。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊没有去处理自己的伤势，而是扫描了一下水面，希望能找到那个男孩。A.discover发现；B.observe观察；C.follow跟随；D.spot找到。根据下文“Everyonceinawhile,shecouldsee”可知，每隔一段时间，她就能看到，说明她希望找到那个男孩。spot符合句意。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每隔一段时间，她就能看到他的小脚趾，却抓不住他的脚。A.shoes鞋；B.finger手指；C.hair头发；D.toes脚趾。根据下文“butfailedtograsphisfoot”可知她抓不住他的脚，说明她能看到小男孩的脚趾。toes符合句意。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊伸出她那只没有受伤的手，紧紧抓住那只脚。A.strangely陌生地；B.carefully小心地；C.tightly紧紧地；D.clearly清晰地。根据下文“Thenbothofthemwereliftedout.”可知他们俩都被抬了出来。说明她是紧紧地抓住了小男孩。tightly符合句意。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他因为缺氧而无法呼吸。A.bleeding流血；B.screaming大叫；C.breathing呼吸；D.choking窒息。根据上文“Hehadbeenshortofoxygen”可知小男孩缺氧了，那么他应该是不能呼吸。breathing符合句意。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在呼叫急救服务后，一名成年人清理了他的气道，让他侧身躺下，另一名成年人用力拍打他的背部，直到男孩咳出液体。A.hit敲击；B.slapped拍打；C.supported支持；D.pushed推。根据后文“firmlyonhisbackuntiltheboycoughedupfluids.”可知小男孩咳出液体，那么应该是拍打背部。slapped符合句意。故选B项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她因为受伤留在了那里，经历了数月的手腕物理治疗。A.meanwhile同时；B.however然而；C.otherwise否则；D.therefore因此。根据前文“theboy,whoreturnedhomesoon.”及后文“stayedthereforherinjury,experiencingmonthsofphysicaltreatmentforherwrist.”可知小男孩很快就出院了，她因为受伤留在了那里，经历了数月的手腕物理治疗。两句是转折关系。however符合句意。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊是个英雄，还有哪个十几岁的女孩会自愿去下水道。A.emerge浮现；B.pretend假装；C.volunteer自愿；D.guarantee保证。根据前文可知，麦迪逊毫不犹豫，是自愿去下水道就小男孩的。volunteer符合句意。故选C项。非选择题部分第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。TherearemanyvarietiesofEnglish____36____differfromeachotherindifferentregionsaroundtheworldtoday.Thedifferentvarieties____37____(distinguish)bytheirvocabulary,grammarandpronunciation____38____(different).ThesedifferentvarietiesofEnglishdevelopedfroma____39____(combine)offactorssuchashistory,geography,politicsandtheinfluenceofotherlanguages.SomeofthemajorvarietiesofEnglishareBritishEnglish,AmericanEnglish,CanadianEnglish,AustralianEnglish,IndianEnglishandCaribbeanEnglish.TheEnglish____40____(speak)inAfricavaries____41____countrytocountry.____42____(consequence),thereisNigerianEnglish,SouthAfricanEnglish,KenyanEnglishandsoon.AlltypesofEnglishoriginatedfromtheEnglishspokeninEngland.Sofar,AmericanEnglish____43____(replace)BritishEnglishasthemost____44____(influence)varietyofEnglisharoundtheworld.Thisismostlydueto_____45_____influenceoftheUnitedStatesthroughthecinemaandmusicindustries,technologyandtrade.Today,most“Englishasaforeignlanguage”(EFL)programmesteacheitherAmericanorBritishEnglish.【答案】36.which##that37.aredistinguished38.differences39.combination40.spoken41.from42.Consequently43.hasreplaced44.influential45.the【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语不同变体的发展。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：今天，在世界各地的不同地区，英语有许多不同的变体。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词English是物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【37题详解】考查被动语态。句意：不同的种类通过词汇、语法和发音的差异来区分。分析句子结构可知，此处distinguish作谓语，与主语varieties是被动关系，应该用被动语态，陈述客观事实，且主语是复数形式，be动词应该用are。故填aredistinguished。【38题详解】考查词性转化。句意：不同的种类通过词汇、语法和发音的差异来区分。分析句子可知，此处要表达“差异”，应该用名词形式difference，且前面有theirvocabulary，grammarandpronunciation三种差异，应该用复数形式。故填differences。【39题详解】考查词性转化。句意：这些不同的英语变体是由历史、地理、政治和其他语言的影响等因素综合发展而来的。分析句子可知，设空前面用a修饰，说明此处应该用名词单数形式。故填combination。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：非洲各国说的英语各不相同。分析句子结构可知，此处speak作非谓语，与主语TheEnglish是被动关系，应该用过去分词形式。故填spoken。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：非洲各国说的英语各不相同。分析句子可知，vary…from…to是固定搭配，表示“随着……的变化而变化”。故填from。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：因此，有尼日利亚英语、南非英语、肯尼亚英语等。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰整个句子，应该用副词作状语。故填Consequently。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，美式英语已经取代英式英语成为世界上最具影响力的英语变体。根据时间状语sofar可知，此处应该用现在完成时，主语AmericanEnglish是单数，助动词应该用has。故填hasreplaced。【44题详解】考查词性转化。句意：到目前为止，美式英语已经取代英式英语成为世界上最具影响力的英语变体。分析句子结构可知，此处应该用形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词variety。故填influential。45题详解】考查冠词。句意：这主要是由于美国通过电影和音乐产业、技术和贸易的影响。分析句子结构可知，设空处后面有名词influence，此处应该用冠词进行修饰，根据特指thecinemaandmusicindustries,technologyandtrade的影响，应该用定冠词the。故填the。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，一名国际学校的高二学生。你的好友Kevin最近发来电子邮件说他感到非常苦恼。他的父母不允许他在周末刷抖音，希望他把时间都用在学习上。请根据下面的提示给Kevin写一封回信，内容包括：1.表示理解；2.提出建议（至少两条）。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：抖音TikTok【答案】DearKevin,Learningthatyou’reupsetthatyou’renotpermittedtobrowseTikTokattheweekend,Ifullyunderstandyourfeeling.SoI’mwritingtoofferyousomeadvice.IfwespendtoomuchtimeonTikTok,therewillbelittletimeleftforourstudies.Thatiswhyourparentsexpectustofocusonstudy.IfIwereyou,Iwouldshiftmyattentiontootherinterestingthings,likerockclimbing.Besides,whynothaveaheart-to-hearttalkwithyourparents,whichcanenhanceyourmutualunderstanding.Idohopeyoukeepingoodmood.Lookingforwardtoyourreply!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Kevin写一封回信，表示对他所苦恼的事的理解，并给出建议。【详解】1.词汇积累允许：permit→allow建议：advice→suggestions集中注意力：focuson→concentrateon此外：Besides→What’smore2.句式拓展同义句原句：Learningthatyou’reupsetthatyou’renotpermittedtobrowseTikTokattheweekend,Ifull