2022年陕西省渭南市大荔县高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题

大荔县2021-2022学年（下）高二年级期末质量检测试题英语注意事项：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.选择题用2B铅笔将正确答案涂写在答题卡上；非选择题用0.5mm黑色墨水签字笔答在答题卡的指定答题区域内，超出答题区域答案无效。3.答题前，请将姓名、考号、试卷类型按要求涂写在答题卡上。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。AASchengenvisaisashort-stayvisaawardedtopersonswishingtotraveltooneormanyofthecountriesthatmakeofthe26EuropeancountrySchengenArea.Itgrants(授予)eachholderentrytoallthecountriesintheareaonasinglevisa.SeveralnewSchengenvisaapplicationrulescameintoforceinallcountriesonFebruary2,2020.Checkoutsomeofthemajorchanges:IncreasedvisafeesTheSchengenvisafeehasincreasedfrom60eurosto80foradults,whilechildrenagedbetween6and12nowneedtopay40eurosinsteadof35.Theriseinfeesistoincreasestaffnumbers,ensurestrongersecurityscreenings,andupgradeITequipmentandsoftware,accordingtotheEuropeanCommission.ElectronicapplicationformTheapplicationprocesshasbeengreatlysimplified.Schengenmemberstatesnowacceptelectronicapplications,andtheapplicationformcanbesignedandsubmittedelectronically.LongerapplicationsubmissionperiodsSchengenvisaapplicantsusedtoapplyasearlyasthreemonthsaheadoftheirtrip.Todayapplicationscanbesubmitteduptosixmonthsinadvance.BenefitsforfrequenttravelersThosewhohavepreviouslyvisitedtheSchengenAreaandhaveapositivevisahistorywillbegrantedtheopportunitytogetamultiple-entryvisavalidforuptofiveyears.Thatis,peoplewhohavelawfullyusedtheirpreviousvisas,haveagoodeconomicstandingintheirhomecountries,andintendtoleavetheareabeforetheirSchengenvisaexpires(过期)willnowhavethechancetogetavisaforuptofiveyearswithmultipleentries.1.Ifacouplewithaseven-year-oldkidapplyforSchengenvisas,howmuchshouldtheypayunderthenewrules?A.45euros. B.80euros. C.155euros. D.200euros.2.WhenapplyingforaSchengenvisanow,youcan.A.upgradeyourcomputersoftwareB.handinanelectronicapplicationformC.getallyourmaterialsreadybeforeFebruary2D.turninyourapplication9monthsinadvance3.TofrequenttravelerstotheSchengenArea,thenewrulesaremore.A.specific B.complicated C.favourable D.rigid【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则申根签证的广告启事，介绍了签证价格、电子设备、频繁来这里旅行可以享受的好处等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheSchengenvisafeehasincreasedfrom60eurosto80foradults,whilechildrenagedbetween6and12nowneedtopay40eurosinsteadof35.”申根签证费成人从60欧元提高到80欧元，而6到12岁的儿童需要支付40欧元，而不是35欧元。可知，如果一对夫妇带着一个七岁的小孩来申请申根签证，他们按照新规要付80*2+40=200欧元。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theapplicationprocesshasbeengreatlysimplified.Schengenmemberstatesnowacceptelectronicapplications,andtheapplicationformcanbesignedandsubmittedelectronically.”申请过程已大大简化。申根成员国现在接受电子申请，申请表可以通过电子方式签署和提交。可知，当你现在申请申根签证时，可以上交电子申请表。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thatis,peoplewhohavelawfullyusedtheirpreviousvisas,haveagoodeconomicstandingintheirhomecountries,andintendtoleavetheareabeforetheirSchengenvisaexpires(过期)willnowhavethechancetogetavisaforuptofiveyearswithmultipleentries.”也就是说，那些合法使用之前签证的人，在本国经济状况良好，并打算在申根签证之前离开该地区的人现在将有机会多次入境，获得长达五年的签证。可以看出，这些新规对于频繁去申根地区的人更加支持了，故选C项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第2题，细节理解题。根据“Theapplicationprocesshasbeengreatlysimplified.Schengenmemberstatesnowacceptelectronicapplications,andtheapplicationformcanbesignedandsubmittedelectronically.”申请过程已大大简化。申根成员国现在接受电子申请，申请表可以通过电子方式签署和提交。可知，当你现在申请申根签证时，可以上交电子申请表。故选B项。BWhenafirebrokeoutinmyhomeinthemiddleofthenight,IknewI'ddoanythingIcouldtosavemyfamily.ThemedicinethatItakeformyrheumatoidarthritiscausesmetowakeupinthemiddleofthenightwithadrymouth.January15,2016,wasnodifferent.I,Indiana,US,awokeat2:30amneedingwater.IwaswalkingbackupstairsfromthekitchenwhenIheardmybulldog,Rock.WhateverRockwasdoingdownthere,itmadeenoughnoiseformetogotohim.BythetimeImadeittothebottomofthestairs,hewasrunningup,andhenevercameupthestairs,nomatterwhat.Ithinkthatwashiswayoftellingme,"We'vegottogobackup."WhenIgottothetopofthestairs,Iturnedaroundandsawalighton,butIdidn'trememberleavingoneon.Iwalkeddownstairsagain,andthat'swhenIsawfire.Iimmediatelyshoutedtomywifetowakeupandgetourthreekids.Igrabbedaknifeandcutouttheplasticthatcoveredthewindowtotheporchroof.Ithenpriedopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen.Istartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Igoteverybodyoutontheroofandthrewablanketouttheresowewouldn'tslipoff.Itwascold,Januarycold.ThenIstartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Now,I'mscaredofheightsandhavephysicalissues,whatwithmyrheumatoidarthritis,butIcouldn'tletmyfamilyburnup.SoIjumpedofftheroof.Ididn'tscoottotheedge;IjustjumpedandgotthewindknockedoutofmewhenIlanded.Ifoundourladder,placeditagainstthehouse,andclimbedbackuptotheroof.Iwrappedmyarmsaroundmydaughterandcarriedmynine-month-oldwithmyteeth,byhislittlesleeper.ThenIclimbeddowntheladder.Onceontheground,Ihadmylittlegirlholdherbrother,andIwentbackuptotherooftogetmyotherdaughter.ThenIwentbackupagainandgotmywife.Itriedtogetmydog,buthejustdisappearedintheblacksmoke.Ineversawhimaliveagain,I'mnohero.I'mjustanordinarypersonwho'dhelpanybody.ThishappenedtobethetimewhenIhelpedmyownfamily.Ilivetoprotectmyfamily.JustlikeRock—helivedtoprotectus.4.Whatmadetheauthorwakeupat2:30am?A.Mydog'sbarking B.Themedicine'seffectC.Aburningfire D.Anoisedownstairs5.HowdidRocktelltheauthorthedangerdownstairs?A.Heturnedonalightdownstairs.B.Herantotheauthor'sroomupstairs.C.Hekeptbarkingandrunninguptostairs.D.Hemadesomenoiseatthebottomofthestairs.6.Whatdidtheauthordoafterhisfamilyallstoodontheroof?A.Heplacedablankettokeepwarm.B.Hestartedscreamingforhelp.C.Hejumpedofftheroof.D.Hebrokeopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribetheauthor?A.Courageousandresponsible B.CaringandselfishC.Loyalandbrave D.Strongandconsiderate【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在半夜发生的火灾中营救和保护家人的经过。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThemedicinethatItakeformyrheumatoidarthritiscausesmetowakeupinthemiddleofthenightwithadrymouth.January15,2016,wasnodifferent.I,Indiana,US,awokeat2:30amneedingwater.（我服用的治疗类风湿性关节炎的药物使我在半夜醒来时口干舌燥。2016年1月15日，也不例外。我在美国印第安纳州凌晨2:30醒来需要喝水。）”可知，是药物作用使作者半夜起床需要喝水。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Rockwasdoingdownthere,itmadeenoughnoiseformetogotohim.BythetimeImadeittothebottomofthestairs,hewasrunningup,andhenevercameupthestairs,nomatterwhat.（Rock在下面，吵得让我不得不去找他。当我爬到楼梯下面的时候，他正在往上跑，之前不管发生什么，他从来没有上过楼梯。）”可知，Rock通过不停地叫，并且跑到楼梯上来引起作者的注意，告知作者发生的危险。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Igoteverybodyoutontheroofandthrewablanketouttheresowewouldn'tslipoff.Itwascold,Januarycold.ThenIstartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.（我把所有人都弄到屋顶上，扔了一条毯子在外面，这样我们就不会滑倒了。天气很冷，一月很冷。然后我开始尖叫求救。但一直没有人来帮忙。）”可知，作者把所有家人都弄到屋顶上之后开始大喊求助。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Now,I'mscaredofheightsandhavephysicalissues,whatwithmyrheumatoidarthritis,butIcouldn'tletmyfamilyburnup.SoIjumpedofftheroof.（现在，我有恐高症和身体问题——类风湿关节炎，但我不能让我的家人被烧伤。所以我从屋顶跳下来。）”和最后一段“I'mnohero.I'mjustanordinarypersonwho'dhelpanybody.ThishappenedtobethetimewhenIhelpedmyownfamily.Ilivetoprotectmyfamily.JustlikeRock—helivedtoprotectus.（我不是英雄。我只是一个愿意帮助任何人的普通人。这是我帮助自己家人的时候。我活着是为了保护我的家人。就像Rock一样他活着是为了保护我们。）”可知，作者有恐高症和身体问题，可是为了救自己的家人，他还是愿意从屋顶跳下来，他愿意负起保护家人的责任，所以可以推断他是个有勇气和负责任的人。故选A项。CPlantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves,othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem—allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（先发制人的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrrockoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayedsnailslime—aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong—ontosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme（酶）,whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals.“Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked,”Orrocksays.“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungrycaterpillars（毛虫）,whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.Thefindingthatasnail’sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,”Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“That’sthemillion-dollarquestion,”Orrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.8.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidontosoilneartomatoplantsto________.A.makethemgrowbetterB.givethemawarningC.keepplant-eatinganimalsawayD.informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger9.Whyistheexampleof“caterpillars”mentionedinParagraph3?A.Tointroduceanotheranimal.B.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals.D.Toanalyzedifferentresistancechemicals.10.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow?A.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.BWhatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WatchfulPlants. B.GreedyAnimals.C.ASnail’sApproach. D.ADefenseAttack.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现：一些植物可以在食草动物发动攻击前很好地感觉到它们，这让植物准备了先发制人的防御，甚至可以对抗其他有害物种。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry（我们只是给它们一些暗示攻击即将来临的线索，这就足以使它们的化学反应发生巨大变化）”可推知，JohnOrrock在西红柿植株附近的泥土上喷洒液体的目的是给予植物一种警告，让它们能够产生自我保护性反应，且其与第三段第一句中的“histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat(他的团队测量了这种黏糊糊的警告对另一个潜在威胁的影响)”呼应，故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat(最初，Orrock发现这种防御方法对蜗牛有效；在最新的研究中，他的团队测量了这种黏糊糊的警告对另一个潜在威胁的影响)”可推知，下文中提到毛虫的例子是为了验证这一点，即：验证研究的结果。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句并结合对最后一段“Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“That’sthemillion-dollarquestion,”Orrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.(他补充说，这项研究是全面的，但他想知道，即使蜗牛黏液没有接触到番茄植株，它们是如何感受化学物质的。“这是一个非常重要的问题，”奥罗克说。他希望未来的研究能找出使植物能够感知这些相对遥远的信号的机制)”的整体理解可推知，RichardKarban实际上想了解的是西红柿植株是如何意识到危险的。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段中的“Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（先发制人的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies(现在新的研究表明，一些植物可以在食草动物发动攻击前很好地感觉到它们，这让植物准备了先发制人的防御，甚至可以对抗其他有害物种)”是文章的中心句。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是有关植物的科学研究，研究发现植物有对外在威胁或攻击的自我保护性反应。因此A选项(警觉的植物)适合作标题。故选A。DOhmyGod,therobotsaretakingover!We’redoomed!Doomed!NowthatI’vegottenthatoutofmysystem,it’sbecomeclearthatwhilewemayormaynotbedoomed,therobotsaretakingover.Thelatestexampleisthegovernment’snewguidelinesforself-drivingcars.Tesla,GoogleandUberarealreadytestingdriverlesscarsincitiesacrossAmerica.UberchiefexecutiveTravisKalanickisamongthosepredictingthatby2021,self-drivingcarswillplayabigpartinurbansettings.Nearly40,000peoplediedlastyearinthisnationinautomobile-relatedaccidents,andwebelievesdriverlesscarscansavetensofthousandsoflivesannually.Makessense.Robotdriversarelesslikelytogetdrunk,drivewithoutalicense,textwhiledrivingorfeelagitatedatthesceneofapileup.Ontheotherhand,Iwonderhowthesehighlysensitivecarswillreact,withwalkersconstantlydashingintothestreet.Willtheyjamonthebrakesevery10seconds?Butthere’sabiggerpicture.Notonlyarerobotsreplacinghumansbehindthewheel,butbehindtheworkdesk,inwarehouses,seniorhomes,younameit.Robotsaren’tjusttakingoverintheworkplace.Thequestionis,wherecan’tarobotfunctionbetterthanahuman?Howaboutwritingsongs?Arobotcangothrougheverycombinationofnotesinrecordtimeandcomeupwithapleasingmelody.Thelyricsmightbeadifferentstory.IsaGrammy-winningsongco-writtenbyHankHumanandR-3071inourfuture?Finally,it’sonlyamatteroftimeuntilwehaverobotpoliticiansandpresidentialcandidates.Whynot?Theycanbeprogrammedtobeexpertsinworldanddomesticaffairsandcomeupwiththebestsolutionswithoutcorruptionandbadhumors.Actually,it’stoobadsuchtechnologyisn’tavailablein2016.Prettysuretherobotwouldwininalandslide.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“agitated”mean?A.Tired B.CautiousC.Careful D.Anxious13.Whatdoubtdoesthewriterhaveaboutself-drivingcars?A.Howpassengersbehaveinit.B.HowrobotdriversgetthelicenseC.HowtheyavoidcrashingintoothercarD.Howtheyrespondtowalkersonabusystreet14.Thelastquestionsaskedinthesixthparagraphreflectsthewriter’s.A.confidenceinrobots,winningGrammyAwardsB.eagernesstolistentosongswrittenbyrobotsC.doubtaboutrobots’abilitytowritesongsD.curiosityaboutthefutureGrammysongs15.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.RobotswillcontroltheworldineveryfieldB.RobotsarecomingbutnotsoonenoughC.RobotsarebeingusedinourdailylifeD.Robotscandrivecarsandwritemusic【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作者对于无人驾驶汽车和机器人等现代化科学技术全面代替人类只是时间问题的看法。【12题详解】猜测词义题。根据划线词所在句“Robotdriversarelesslikelyto...atthesceneofapileup.”可知，作者想说的是无人驾驶汽车看到堵车也不会感到焦虑不安。所以agitated应意为“焦虑的”，相当于anxious，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中ontheotherhand,Iwonderhowthesehighlysensitivecarswillreact,withwalkerconstantlydashingintothestreet.可知，作者担心的是这些无人驾驶的汽车如何对经常冲进马路的行人如何反应，故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。题干询问的是第六段提出的最后一个问题反映了作者的什么看法，根据本段提到的机器人能够创作出优美的旋律可推知，作者是想借此问题说明将来机器人肯定会写出获得格莱美奖的音乐作品，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“it’stoobadsuchtechnologyisn’tavailablein2016”可知，本文作者认为机器人时代来的不够快，B项反映了作者的看法，概括了文章内容。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystomakeagreatfirstimpressionYou’vehearditamilliontimesalready.Butitreallydoestakebutafewsecondstomakethatall-importantfirstimpression（印象）.Herearesomeeasywaysforyoutoimpressyourclassmatesorteachers.*____16____Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehand-shakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.____17____*BeontimeWhenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,arrivingontimeisasimportantasbreathing.Youmayhaveanexcuse,butthatwillleavethepersonwhohardlyknowsyouwithabadimpression.____18____It’sbettertobehangingaroundtheplacethanbestuckintraffic.*IntroduceyourselfandaskfornamesMakesureyouproperlyintroduceyourself.Askfortheirnameinapoliteway.____19____.Thiswillincreasethechancesoftheirrememberingyournameinthefuture.Alwaysremembertostandupwhengreetingsomeoneandbesuretointroducethemtoanyoneyou’rewith.*MakegoodconversationTogetthemostoutofyourdiscussion,trytofindsomethingcommonbetweenthetwoofyou.____20____.Apersonwillfeelmorecomfortablewithsomeonetheycanrelateto（产生共鸣）.A.UsebodylanguageB.HaveaproperhandshakeC.Repeatthenameanduseitlaterinconversation.D.ItcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobbyE.Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.F.You’llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.G.However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpockedbecausethisappearsimpolite.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何给人留下美好的第一印象。【16题详解】根据前文“Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.”(在你和别人握手之前，确保你的手是干净的。握手的力度不能太大，也不能太弱)可知，这段主要介绍握手的方式。再结合空格后“Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft(大多数人使用右手，除非他们有理由使用左手)”可知，本段小标题应该介绍如何合理地握手。B项“Haveaproperhandshake.(握手要得体)”符合文意。故选B。【17题详解】根据前句“Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.(大多数人使用右手，除非他们有理由使用左手)”可知，后句承接本句中提到的theleft。G项“However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.(但是，不要把你的左手放在口袋里，因为这样会显得不礼貌)”符合文意。故选G。【18题详解】根据后句“It’sbettertobealittleearlierthanbelate.(早一点到总比晚一点好)”可知，前句建议要提前到达。E项“Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.(一般来说，计划提前30分钟到达)”符合文意。故选E。【19题详解】根据前句“Askfortheirnamesinapoliteway.(礼貌地问他们的名字)”和后句“Thiswillincreasethechancesoftheirrememberingyournameinthefuture.(这将增加他们在将来记住你名字的机会)”可知，这里建议要礼貌地询问对方的名字并在随后的交谈中提及到对方的名字。C项“Repeatthenameanduseitlaterinconversation.(重复对方的名字，在以后的对话中使用)”符合文意。故选C。【20题详解】根据前句“Togetthemostoutofyourdiscussion,trytofindsomethingcommonbetweenthetwoofyou.(为了从你们的讨论中获得最大的好处，试着找出你们之间的共同点)”可知，要找到彼此的共同点，容易找到共同的话题。D项“Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.(可能是相似的穿衣品味或共同的爱好)”符合文意。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。完形填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wewerestandingatthetopofchurchtower.“Lookdown,Elsa,”Fathersaid.Igatheredallmy___21___andlookeddown.Isawthesquareinthecenterofthevillage.AndIsawthecrisscross(十字形)oftwisting,turningstreets___22___tothesquare."See,mydear,"Fathersaidgently."Thereismorethanonewaytothe____23____Lifeislikethat.Ifyoucan'tgettotheplacewhereyouwanttogobyoneroad,try___24___"IntheyearsthatfollowedIoftenrememberedthe___25___fathertaughtme.IknewwhereIwantedto___26___inlife.Iwantedtobefashiondesigner.ButonthewaytomyfirstsmallsuccessIfoundtheroad____27____ThatyearIwasbusygettingreadytoshowmywinterfashions.Thenjust13daysbeforethe___28___thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike.Ifoundmyself___29___withonetailorandwomanwhowasinchargeofthesewingroom!Iwasasgloomyasmymodelsandsalesgirls.“We’llnever____30____it,”oneofthemcried.Here,Ithought,isthe____31____ofalltestsforFather’sadvice.Whereistheway____32____thistime?Iwonderedandworried.Iwascertainwewouldhaveto____33____thepresentationorelseshowtheclothesunfinished.Thenit____34____tome.Whynotshowtheunfinishedclothes?Weworkedhurriedly.And,exactly13dayslater,right____35____time,theSchiaparellishowing____36____Whatashowingitwas!Somecoatshadnosleeves;othershadonlyone.Manyofourclotheswerestillina(n)____37____stage.Theywereonlypatternsmadeofheavycottoncloth.Butonthesewe____38____simplepicturesandpiecesofmaterial.Allinall,theshowingwasdifferent.Itwassodifferentthatitwasagreatsuccess.Our____39____showingcaughttheattentionofthepublic,and____40____fortheclothespouredin.Father’swisewordshasguidedme.Thereismorethanonewaytothesquarealways.21.A.courage B.interest C.information D.savings22.A.leading B.coming C.getting D.falling23.A.city B.square C.church D.village24.A.other B.another C.this D.that25.A.text B.material C.lesson D.class26.A.rest B.relax C.come D.go27.A.taken B.paved C.followed D.blocked28.A.competition B.ceremony C.presentation D.introduction29.A.left B.tired C.burdened D.connected30.A.have B.lose C.make D.hit31.A.text B.test C.tip D.example32.A.in B.out C.up D.round33.A.bringdown B.bringforward C.callup D.calloff34.A.occurred B.belonged C.happened D.objected35.A.in B.over C.on D.behind36.A.tookon B.tookoff C.tookdown D.tookplace37.A.mature B.beautiful C.early D.late38.A.took B.drew C.collected D.pinned39.A.normal B.unusual C.beautiful D.common40.A.orders B.designs C.patterns D.changes【答案】21.A22.A23.B24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.A30.C31.B32.B33.D34.A35.C36.D37.C38.D39.B40.A【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。父亲带我去教堂顶部，让我看下面的路，原来有很多路都通向同一个广场，以此来比喻在生活中有很多不一样的道路。当我们用一种方法不能成功时，请转换思维使用另外一种方法。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我鼓足了勇气向下看。A.courage勇气；B.interest兴趣；C.information信息；D.saving积蓄。根据第一句中atthetopof说明我们站在教堂的塔顶上，父亲要我向下看，所以我是鼓足勇气向下看。故A正确。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到蜿蜒曲折的街道交错着通向广场。A.leading引导，领导；B.coming来；C.getting得到；D.falling落下。短语leadto导致，通向；本句中使用现在分词短语leadingtothesquare修饰名词streets。指通向广场的街道。故A正确。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到广场的方式不止一种。A.city城市；B.square广场；C.church教堂；D.village村庄。根据上文“AndIsawthecrisscross(十字形)oftwisting,turningstreets________tothesquare.”可知有好几条街道都通向广场。故B正确。【24题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果一条路走不到想去的地方，试试另一条路。A.other别的；B.another另一个；C.this这；D.that那。此处和oneroad呼应，指另外一条路，应该用代词another作为动词try的宾语。故B正确。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在以后的岁月里，我时常想起父亲给我的教训。A.text课文；B.material材料；C.lesson教训；D.class班级。第二段中父亲对我说的话：当我们用一种方法不能成功的时候，请转换思维使用另外一种方法。这是给我的一个人生的教训。故C正确。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的人生目标是什么。A.rest休息；B.relax放松；C.come来；D.go去，达到。此处指作者的人生去向，人生目标，故D正确。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在通往我第一个小小的成功的路上，我发现道路阻塞了。A.taken拿，带；B.paved铺砌；C.followed跟随；D.blocked阻塞。根据下文可知我想成为时尚设计师，但是在通往成功的道路上，我遇到了很大的困难。句中的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，我通往成功的道路被堵塞了。故D正确。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我展示作品前13天，女孩子们都罢工了。A.competition竞争；B.ceremony庆典仪式；C.presentation展示，介绍；D.introduction介绍。根据上句“showmywinterfashions”可知是服装展示。故C正确。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现只剩下自己，一个裁缝和一个缝纫室的女主管!A.left留下，剩下；B.tired使疲惫；C.burdened使承担；D.connected联系。根据“thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike”可知其他人都罢工了。故A正确。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们永远也无法做成了，”其中一人哭着说。A.have有；B.lose失去；C.make获得，制造；D.hit打击。短语makeit成功，设法做到；因为其他人都罢工了，我们无法提交我们的作品了，也就是我们无法做到之前计划做的事情。故C正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，现在是对父亲的忠告最严峻的考验了。A.text课文，信息；B.test检测；考验；C.tip建议；D.example例子。这个时候，我把这件事看成是对父亲建议的一个考验。我可以尝试用其他的方法完成。故B正确。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这次的出路在哪里?A.in进入，在里面；B.out出去，向外；C.up向上；D.round周围。前一段讲述了自己在设计作品时遇见了很大的困难，现在要想出解决问题的出路，wayout“出路，解决之道”。故B正确。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我确信只有两条路可走:要么取消时装表演，要么展出没做完的衣服。A.bringdown降低；B.bringforward提出；C.callup召集；D.calloff取消。因为其他人都罢工了，很清楚我们无法完成作品，所以只能取消这一活动。故D正确。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我突然想到。A.occurred发生，出现；B.belonged属于；C.happened发生；D.objected反对。sthoccurtosb某人突然想起某事。此处指我突然想起来，我可以展示这些没有完成的衣服。故A正确。【35题详解】考查固定短语。句意：正好13天后，斯基亚帕雷利时装秀准时举行了。短语ontime按时，准时。此处指13天后，斯基亚帕雷利时装秀准时开始了。故C正确。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：正好13天后，斯基亚帕雷利时装秀准时举行了。A.tookon呈现，承担；B.tookoff起飞，脱掉；C.tookdown写下，记下；D.tookplace发生；举行。此处指斯基亚帕雷利时装秀准时举行。故D正确。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的许多衣服还在初期阶段。A.mature成熟的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.early早的；D.late晚的。前句“Somecoatshadnosleeves;othershadonlyone.”说明衣服都没有完成，还处于刚刚开始的阶段。故C正确。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们在上面钉了一些简单的图片和材料。A.took拿走；B.drew画；C.collected收集；D.pinned钉，用针别住。因为这些只是服装的最初的设计，所以钉上了一些简单的图片和材料。故D正确。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不寻常的展示引起了公众的注意，订购衣服的订单蜂拥而至。A.normal正常的；B.unusual不寻常的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.common共同的。根据上文“theshowingwasdifferent.Itwassodifferent”可知作者的服装还没有完成就展出了，这是不同寻常的展出方式。故B正确。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不寻常的展示引起了公众的注意，订购衣服的订单蜂拥而至。A.order订单，订购；B.design设计；C.pattern式样；D.change改变。根据“Itwassodifferentthatitwasagreatsuccess.和caughttheattentionofthepublic”可知我们不寻常的展示取得了很大的成功，引起了人们的关注，所以订单不断。故A正确。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IfLiZiqihadn'tstartedtomakevideos,shemighthavebeenacommonvillagegirl___41___(make)alivingthroughhiringherselfoutatalocalfactory.Yet,Li___42___（shoot)tofameaftershereleasedshortvideosrecordingher___43___(peace)lifestyleinChina'scountryside.Sincethen,Li___44___(amaze)netizenswithwhatshecando.Nothingseemsimpossiblewithherhands,___45___Cancreatewonderfulthings.Therevival(复兴）ofanidealChinesecountrylifeis____46____thebeautyofhervideoslies.Intheidealrurallife,peoplehadamateriallyandpsychologicallycontentedlifethroughfarming,whilealsohavingenoughsparetime___47___hobbies.Alongwithfamealsocomescontroversy(争议）.Thereare___48___(debate)onwhetherLimakesthevideosbyherself.Inresponse,shesaidinitiallyshedidallthework___49___(independent)butlateronsheworkedwithateam.Despite.thecontroversy,itisthecharmofthetraditionalculture____50____(convey)inLi'svideosthatappealstoherglobalaudience.【答案】41.making42.shot43.peaceful44.hasamazed/hasbeenamazing45.which46.where47.for48.debates49.independently50.conveyed【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述了网红女李子柒因为她的视频所传达的传统文化的魅力而吸引了全球观众。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她可能是个普通的乡下女孩，靠在当地工厂打工谋生。空格前是一个完整的句子，且以逗号结尾，由此可知空格处要填非谓语动词，she与make之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故要填现在分词，所以答案为making。【42题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：然而，李在发布记录她在中国农村平静生活方式的短视频后一举成名。分析句子结构可知空格处要填谓语动词，根据下文“aftershereleasedshortvideosrecording….”可知空格所在的句子也要用一般过去时，故答案为shot。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，李在发布记录她在中国农村平静生活方式的短视频后一举成名。空格后的lifestyle是一个名词，其前面需要一个形容词来修饰，故答案为peaceful。【44题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：从那以后，李所做的的事情一直让网民惊奇。根据时间状语Sincethen可知空格处可以用现在完成时，表示发生在过去的事情对现在造成的影响，联系上下文可知李发布短片的事情一直惊讶着网友，即发布短片这件事从过去开始，持续到现在还在继续，也符合现在完成进行时的用法，故答案为hasamazed/hasbeenamazing。【45题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：用她可以创造出美妙的东西的双手，没有什么是不可能的。空格前是一个完整的句子，且以逗号结尾，空格后是一个缺少主语的句子，由