湖南省湘潭市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题 含解析

年下期高一年级期末考试英语注意事项:答题前考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。回答选择题时选出每小题答案后用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分，听力共两节满分分)做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节共5小题每小题分满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheremighttheman’scarkeysbenow？A.Inthebox.B.Onthedesk.C.Inhiscar.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouseenmycarkeys?Ileftthemonthedesknexttomyphone,butthey’renotthere.W:IputthemintheboxnearthedoorafterIusedyourcarlastnight.2.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakersgototheopera?A.OnThursday.B.OnC.OnFriday.【答案】B【解析】第1页/共25页【原文】M:Icouldn’tfindticketstotheoperaonFriday.ButtherearesomegoodseatsonandThursday.Canyougoeitherday?W:isgoodforme.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchweighthasthemanlost?A.8pounds.B.10pounds.C.15pounds.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Itlookslikeyou’vebeenworkingoutalotforthepast8weeks.musthavelostatleast10pounds.M:right...I’velost15pounds!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheboy’sfatherdoing?A.thecar.B.Preparinglunch.C.HelpingwithAdam’shomework.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Lunchisalmostready,Adam.Pleasetellyoursisterthatsheshouldtakeabreakfromherhomeworktoeat.M:OK.I’lltellDad,too.He’soutsidewashingthecar.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesuit?A.Itisoutoffashion.B.Itistoobrightincolor.C.Itistooexpensive.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:youliketobuythissuit,sir?M:Ilikethecolorandthematerial.Thesizeisallright,too.W:itfitsyouperfectly.M:ButI’mafraidthepriceisalittlemorethanIcanPerhapsIcanlookatsomethingcheaper.第二节共小题每小题分满分分)第2页/共25页听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.InanB.Inashop.C.Inahotel.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Askforsomething.B.Explainsomething.C.somehelp.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Frontdesk,howmayIhelpyou?W:CouldIhavesomesoapinroom501,please?M:Certainly,madam.Istherenoneinthebathroom?W:Ican’tseeany.M:Oh,I’mverysorryaboutthat.I’llsendsomeuprightaway.IsthereanythingelseIcanhelpyouwith?W:canIgetacoupleofextratoothbrushes?M:Certainly,I’llgetsomeonetobringthemupforyou.They’llbethereinafewminutes.W:Thankyouforthat.M:OK.Havealovelyday.8.WhyisJoe'sbikeupsidedown?A.Heischeckingit.B.Hehadanaccident.C.Hekeepsitthatway.9.HowoftendoesJoeoilhisbike?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceayear.【答案】8.A9.A【解析】【原文】W:can’trideyourbikelikethat,Joe.It’supsidedown.第3页/共25页M:Hahaveryfunny,Clare.Iamcheckingit.It’simportanttocheckyourbikeifyouwanttoavoidaccidents.W:Whatdoyoucheck?M:Thechain,theseatandthewheels.Ialsooilitonceaweek.Imakesuretheyareallsafe.W:Oh,mineonlygetsdoneonceamonth—sometimesonlyonceayear.It’sgoodthatyouthinkaboutsafety.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostessandguest.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.Whendidtheboytakeoutthegarbageyesterday?A.Intheevening.B.Inthemorning.C.Intheafternoon.12.Whatwillthespeakersdotosolvetheproblem?A.downthecoveroftherubbishcan.B.therubbishcaninside.C.Keeptheanimalsaway.【答案】10.BC12.A【解析】【原文】W:Ineedyoutotakeouttherubbish.ThisisthefourthtimeI’vetoldyouoverthepasttwodays.Itcan’tsitintherubbishcanallday.Itsmellsbadinthere.M:Itookitoutyesterdayrightafterlunch!Dadbroughtitbackthismorning.Hesaideverytimehewakesup,therubbishcanisknockedover.Andthegarbageisallovertheyardbecauseanimalsgetintoitintheevening.W:Okay,Iunderstand.I’msorry.Maybeweneedtofixthis.Therubbishcanhastobekeptoutsidewhenitisfull.Isthereawaywecankeeptheanimalsaway?M:Idon’tthinkwecankeeptheanimalsaway,butwecouldtiedownthecoversotheanimalswon’tgetin.13.WheredidLindagoonvacation?A.thelake.B.thebeach.C.thecitycenter.14.WhatdoesDonaldthinkofhisvacation?A.Itwasfun.B.Itwastiring.C.Itwasboring.第4页/共25页15.WhatdidDonaldlearnatthelake?A.Howtobuildasmallboat.B.Howtouseaboat.C.Howtorepairabrokenboat.16.WhatboatdoesDonaldwanttoridenexttime?A.Aman-poweredboat.B.Amotor-poweredboat.C.Awind-poweredboat.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.B【解析】【原文】W:Howwasyourvacation,Donald?Itwasabeautifulweekendtogotothelake.Iamabitregretful,becauseIthinkIchosewrongtogointothebusycitycenterinsteadoftothebeachorsomewhereinnature.M:Myvacationwasgreat,Linda.Anddon’tsaythatyouregretyourtrip.Ibetyoustillhadagoodtimeatthemuseumsyouwenttosee.W:That’strue,andIalsowenttoareallyniceseafoodrestaurant.Isurelywasn’tboredatall.Whatdidyoudoatthelake?M:Itookaclassonhowtouseaboat.Ihadneverbeenononeuntilthispastweekend.Ilearnedsomuchanditwasgreatseeingsomepeopleevenbuildingsmallboats.W:Didyoulearnhowtodriveaboat?M:No,butIdidgettogoinaman-poweredboatandaboatthatusedwindpower.NexttimeIwanttogoonamotor-poweredboat.W:Thatsoundslikealotoffun.17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Astudent.B.Aguide.C.Aheadmaster.18.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.newstudentstoschool.B.IntroducingchangeswithintheschoolC.studentsaboutnewschoolrules.19.WhatsubjectdoesMr.teach?A.Physics.B.Computing.C.P.E.第5页/共25页20.Whathashappenedtotheschoolmeetinghall?A.Ithasbeendamaged.B.Ithasbeenimproved.C.Ithasbeenmoved.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,students.Thisisyourheadmasterspeaking.Firstly,I’dliketowelcomeyouallback.Ihopethiswillbeanotherexcellentschoolyear.Manychangeshavetakenplaceattheschooloverthesummer.Aswellasanewgroupofstudents,wearealsowelcomingsomenewmembersofMrs.Hook,whowillbeteachingphysics;MissChang,thenewheadoftheEnglishliteraturedepartmentandournewP.E.coach,Mr.willalsonoticethatseveralchangestotheschoolbuildings.Computerclasseswillnowtakeplaceinthenewtechnologycenter,locatedbehindthemathematicsbuilding.Theoldcomputerroomsarenowapartofthelibrary,whichisnowmuchbigger,andcontainsthousandsofnewbooks.Theschoolmeetinghallhasbeenmuchimproved,andwenowhaveaproperstagetoperformconcertsandplays.Despiteallthesechanges,theschoolrulesremainthesame:Berespectful;beontime;andalwaysdoyourbest.Thankyou.第二部分阅读共两节满分分)第一节共小题每小题分满分分)阅读下列短文从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选顼。AExploringthewaterwaysonacanalboatisawonderfulwaytospendqualitytimewithyourfamily,enjoyingbothrelaxationandadventure.length:5daysStartyourtripinthehistoriccityofOxford,famousforitsolduniversityandbeautifulbuildings.SailalongthepeacefulOxfordCanal,passingtheprettycountrysideandsmallvillages.StopatBanburytoseethefamousBanburyCrossandenjoyfunactivitiesintheparks.Thistripisperfectforarelaxingfamilygetaway.length:3daysBegininthebeautifulcityofBath,knownforitsGeorgianarchitecture(乔治王朝风格的建筑).SailalongtheKennetandCanaltothecharmingtownofBradford.EnjoythelovelycountrysideofSomersetand第6页/共25页andhavepicnicsbythewater.Don’tmissthehistoricDundasAqueductwithitsamazingviews.length:6daysStartinthepicturesque(如画的)townofLlangolleninNorthSailontheLlangollenCanalandcrossthestunningPontcysyllteAqueduct,whichisveryhighabovetheRiverDee.throughthepeacefulcountryside,stoppingatsmallvillagesandlocalattractions.EndyourtripinEllesmere,knownforitsbeautifullakesandwildlife.length:10daysBegininthelivelycityofBirmingham.SailalongtheCanalthroughtheEnglishcountryside.Stopatquaint(古雅的)villagesandhistoricplaces,includingHenley-in-Ardenwithitstraditionalmarket.FinishyourtripinthebirthplaceofShakespeare.ExploreShakespeare’sheritageandenjoyfunactivitiesintheparksandtheaters.21.WhatcanfamilymembersdoinBanbury?A.Enjoyfunactivitiesintheparks.B.Sailashiponacanalinperson.C.Buyapicnicbythewater.D.anolduniversity.22.Whichofthefollowingtakestheshortesttime?A.OxfordtoBanbury.B.BathtoBradford.C.LlangollentoEllesmere.D.BirminghamtoStratford23.Whatisthetext?A.Aguidetohistoriccities.B.Alistoffamousvillages.C.Aguideforcanalboattrips.D.AhistoryofBritishwaterways.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四条运河游船线路，包括行程长度、起点和终点、沿途景点等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据部分的“StopatBanburytoseethefamousBanburyCrossandenjoyfunactivitiesintheparks.()庭成员在班伯里可以在公园里享受有趣的活动。故选A。第7页/共25页【22题详解】细节理解题。根据OxfordtoBanbury部分的“length:5days(行程长度：5天。)”；BathtoBradford部分的“length:3days.(3)LlangollentoEllesmere部分的“length:6days.(行程6)Birminghamto部分的“length:10days.(10)”可知，巴斯到布拉德福德的行程时间最短，为3天。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四条运河游船线路，包括行程长度、起点和终点、沿途景点等信息，由此可知，这篇文章是一篇运河游船旅行指南。故选C。BInthelate1940s,itwascommontoseeyoungstudentspracticingtabletennisonachalk-drawntableonthesidewalkatnight.Asasecond-graderinaprimaryschool,Ibeganmyjourneywithtabletennisonsuchatable.Later,Ibecameaplayerandthenacoachofanationalteam,watchinggenerationsofplayerscontributetothesuccessoftabletennis.Recently,attheageof84,Ireceivedanationalhonorarytitle.Isaid,“ChoosingtoplaytabletennisisadecisionItotallydonotregret.”Duringtimeswhenwedidn’thavemuch,Ievenmademyownbat(球拍).Iwouldbuyoldphotoframesmadeofplywood(胶合板)fromstores,andthenturnthemintobasesofbats,Iwouldthenattachrubber(橡胶)tomakeasimplebat.Irecalled,“The‘clang’soundofhittingtheballwithsuchabatwasverysatisfying.IformedateamcalledRedFlagatschool.Duringholidays,weplayedfriendlymatcheswithping-pongfansfromnearbyfactoriesandschools.Ioftenvisiteddifferentplaces,whereIcouldwatchhigh-levelplayersandlearnfromthem.Inacompetitionheldin1961,Iwonthirdplaceinthemen’stabletennissinglesevent.Ialsowonthefirst-evermen’sdoublesandmixeddoubleschampionshipsforourteam.In1975,Ibecametheheadcoachofthewomen’stabletennisteaminmycountry.Undermyguidance,theteamalwayswonthewomen’ssinglestitleincompetitions.OneoftheoutstandingathletesIdiscoveredandtrainedbecameanextremelygoodtabletennisplayer.Thoughshewasshort,shecouldseeeveryballcomingherwayasanopportunity.Thisallowedhertolaunch(发起)moreattacksthanothers.Moreover,shehadastrongdesiretowinandtrainedveryhard.24.Whatinspiredtheauthortobeginplayingtabletennis?A.Hisloveformakingrubberbats.第8页/共25页B.InternationalcompetitionsonTVCEncouragementfromhisschoolcoachandfriends.D.Thesightsofstudentsplayingonchalk-drawntables.25.Whatchallengedidtheauthorfacewhenplayingtabletennisinhisearlydays?A.Poorlightingconditions.B.Limitedaccesstoequipment.C.Difficultyoffindingpartners.D.Longdistancebetweenhishomeandtables.26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthoraccordingtothelastthreeparagraphs?A.HeintroducedtabletennisasanOlympicsport.B.Hewonhisbesthonourinhisseventies.CHetrainedthewomen’steamforhiscountry.D.Heledthemen’steamtogetmanyworldtitles.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheArtofMakingaBat.B.MyJourneywithC.TheCommentonaChampionD.MyProcessofShapingtheFutureof【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小开始接触乒乓球，并最终成为国家女子乒乓球队主教练的经历。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inthelate1940s,itwascommontoseeyoungstudentspracticingtabletennisonachalk-drawntableonthesidewalkatnight.Asasecond-graderinaprimaryschool,Ibeganmyjourneywithtabletennisonsuchatable.(在20世纪40年代末，经常看到年轻的学生晚上在人行道上的粉笔画的桌子上练习乒乓球。在小学二年级的时候，我就在这样一张桌子上开始了我的乒乓球之旅)”可知，作者开始打乒乓球是因为看到学生们在自己画的乒乓球桌上练习。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Duringtimeswhenwedidn’thavemuch,Ievenmademyownbat(球拍).(在我们没有多少钱的时候，我甚至自己做了球拍)”可知，作者在早期打乒乓球时面临的挑战是设备有限。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“In1975,Ibecametheheadcoachofthewomen’stabletennisteaminmycountry.Undermyguidance,theteamalwayswonthewomen’ssinglestitleincompetitions.(1975年，我成为我国女子乒乓球队的主教练。在我的指导下，球队在比赛中总是获得女单冠军)”可知，作者为自己的国家训练女队。第9页/共25页故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inthelate1940s,itwascommontoseeyoungstudentspracticingtabletennisonachalk-drawntableonthesidewalkatnight.Asasecond-graderinaprimaryschool,Ibeganmyjourneywithtabletennisonsuchatable.Later,Ibecameaplayerandthenacoachofanationalteam,watchinggenerationsofplayerscontributetothesuccessoftabletennis.(在20世纪40年代末，经常看到年轻的学生晚上在人行道上的粉笔画的桌子上练习乒乓球。在小学二年级的时候，我就在这样一张桌子上开始了我的乒乓球之旅。后来，我成为了一名运动员，然后是国家队的教练，看着一代又一代的运动员为乒乓球的成功做出贡献)”结合文章主要讲述了作者从小开始接触乒乓球，并最终成为国家女子乒乓球队主教练的经历。可知，B选项“我的乒乓球之旅”最符合文章标题。故选B。CKoalasareknownfortheirfurryears,roundfaces,andbigblacknoses.Theyspendmostoftheirtimesleepinginthetreetopsofeucalyptus(桉树)forests.Becausetheylovestayinghighupandmovingverylittle,itishardtofindthesecuteAustraliananimals.Butanewmethodmightmakeiteasier.Inareaswherekoalas,kangaroos,andotheranimalslive,scientistsareusinganewwaytofindthem.TheycaptureDNAfloatingintheairusingfilters(过滤器)madeofcheesecloth,atypeofclothoftenfoundinkitchens.Thesefiltersareplacedbetweentwometalplates.Thescientiststestedthismethodat26sitesinfournaturereservesinQueensland,Australia.Ateachsite,theyplacedtwofilters-oneabout1.5metersabovethegroundwithafantodrawinair,andtheotherclosertotheground.Afterafewdays,theresearcherscollectedthefiltersandstudiedthematerialcaughtinthem.Theywerehappytofindkoalas’DNAaswellasDNAfromelevenotherspeciesthatliveinthearea.Koalapopulationshavedroppedalotinrecentyearsbecauseofwildfiresanddiseases.In2022,theAustraliangovernmentsaidthatkoalasareendangeredinsomepartsofthecountry.helpprotectthem,scientistshaveusedadvancedtoolslikethermalimagingdrones(无人驾驶飞机)andsoundrecorderstofindkoalas.Thenewmethodischeaperandeasiertouse.“Someoftheworkinthisstudyisreallyanimportantstep,”saidanecologist.Theexperimentwasdoneinanuncontrolledenvironment,wherethingslikestrongwindsorraincouldtheresults.“Thefactthattheywerestillabletohavesomesuccessisreallyencouraging,”hesaid.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capture”inparagraph2mean?A.Measure.B.Create.C.Limit.D.Catch.第10页/共25页29.Whatisamajorreasonfortheapplicationofthenewmethod?A.KoalasareindangerofdyingoutinAmerica.B.Fallsinthenumbersofkoalasworriesauthorities.C.Therearefewprofessionalstooperatethedevice.D.Someadvancedequipmentistooexpensivetouse.30.Whichofthefollowingdescribestheecologist’sattitudetothestudy?A.Supportive.B.Uncertain.C.Doubtful.D.Disappointed.31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.requestthegovernmenttomakeadifference.B.stresstheinfluenceofenvironmentalproblems.C.introduceanewtechniqueinprotectingkoalas.D.makekoalas’livingconditionsknowntomorepeople.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种在保护考拉方面使用的新技术，科学家们利用这种新技术来寻找考拉等动物，以帮助保护它们。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Inareaswherekoalas,kangaroos,andotheranimalslive,scientistsareusinganewwaytofindthem.(在考拉、袋鼠和其他动物生活的地区，科学家们正在使用一种新方法来寻找它们。)”可知，科学家们用过滤器来“捕捉”或收集空气中漂浮的DNA，由此可知，capture意为“捕捉”。故选D。【29题详解】Koalapopulationshavedroppedalotinrecentyearsbecauseofwildfiresanddiseases.In2022,theAustraliangovernmentsaidthatkoalasareendangeredinsomepartsofthecountry.helpprotectthem,scientistshaveusedadvancedtoolslikethermalimagingdrones(无人驾驶飞机)andsoundrecorderstofindkoalas.Thenewmethodischeaperandeasiertouse.(2022年，澳大利亚政府表示，考拉在该国一些地区已濒临灭绝。为了保护它们，科学家们使用了热成像无人机和录音机等先进工具来寻找考拉。这种新方法更便宜，更容易使用。)”可知，考拉的数量下降让当局感到担忧，所以科学家们采用了新的方法来寻找和保护考拉。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Someoftheworkinthisstudyisreallyanimportantstep,’saidanecologist.The第11页/共25页experimentwasdoneinanuncontrolledenvironment,wherethingslikestrongwindsorraincouldtheresults.‘Thefactthattheywerestillabletohavesomesuccessisreallyencouraging,’hesaid.()”可知，生态学家认为这项研究中的一些工作是一个重要的步骤，并且尽管实验环境不受控制，但取得了一些成功，这是令人鼓舞的，由此可知，生态学家对这项研究持支持态度。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种在保护考拉方面使用的新技术，科学家们利用这种新技术来寻找考拉等动物，以帮助保护它们，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种保护考拉的新技术。故选C。DWhenyoulistentopeoplespeakingalanguageyoudon’tunderstand,itmightseemlikethewordsareflyingpastyourearsatlightningspeed.Butsomelanguagesreallydoseemtobespokenfasterthanothers.EvenifyouknowalittleSpanishorJapanese,watchingaTVshowinthoselanguagescanbedifficult!There’sagoodreasonforthis—theyarespokenfaster!Accordingtoa2019study,speakersoftheselanguagesusemoresyllables(音节)persecond.Inthesetwolanguages,speakersusealmosteightsyllablespersecond.Researchersstudied17differentlanguages.Theytook170recordingsofnativespeakersreadingthesame20textstranslatedintotheirlanguageandcomparedthespeeds.Forexample,Mandarin(普通话)wasspokenatjustoverfivesyllablespersecond.Butthisdoesn’tmeanthatconversationsinMandarinlastmuchlongerthanthoseinJapanese.Researchersfoundthatwhilelanguagesarespokenatdifferentspeeds,therateatwhichpeoplecommunicateinformationisaboutthesame.Sohowdoesthatwork?understandmore,theresearcherslookedateachsyllableinthetextstoseehowmuchinformationeachonecarries.Somesingle-syllablewordsgiveusalotofinformation;forexample,thewords“hope”or“love”inEnglish.Thesewordsgiveusmuchmoreinformationthanmanysinglesyllablesthatarejustsoundsorpartsofwords.Somelanguagesarepackedmoredensely(稠密地)withinformation,sospeakersdon’tneedmanysyllablestocommunicatethesameamountofinformation.TheaverageSpanishsyllableisnotdenselypackedwithinformation,sopeoplespeakfaster,Mandarin,however,isdenselypackedwithinformation,soitisspokenmoreslowly.Thismeansthateveryonefinishescommunicatingataboutthesametime!32.WhyareSpanishandJapanesementionedinparagraph2?第12页/共25页A.statesomelanguagesarespokenquickly.B.explainhowtheyaredeveloped.C.provewhytheyarehardtolearn.D.stresstheyarepopularwithTV33.Whichpartisfocusedoninthestudy?A.People’sidentities.B.Languagespeeds.C.ContentofthetextD.Conversationtime.34.Howdidtheresearchersstudytheinformationrateinlanguages?A.Byanalyzinginformationoneachsyllable.B.Bycomparingsentencelengths.C.Bymeasuringspeakingspeed.D.Bycountingwords.35.Whatdoresearchersfindintheend?A.MandarinusesmoresyllablesthanJapaneseandSpanishB.PeopleneedlesstimeandtounderstandSpanish.C.More-syllablewordsmeanmoreandbetterinformation.D.Peoplecommunicateinformationatsimilarratesindifferentlanguages.【答案】32.A33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了不同语言的语速差异以及信息传递速率的研究。尽管有些语言语速较快，但研究发现，不同语言传递信息的速率大致相同，这取决于每个音节所携带的信息量。【32题详解】Butsomelanguagesreallydoseemtobespokenfasterthanothers.EvenifyouknowalittleSpanishorJapanese,watchingaTVshowinthoselanguagescanbedifficult!There’sagoodreasonforthis—theyarespokenfaster!(但有些语言似乎确实比其他语言说得更快。即使你懂一点西班牙语或日语，用这些语言看电视节目也可能很困难！这是有充分理由的——他们说得更快！)”可知，第二段提到西班牙语和日语是为了说明有些语言说得很快。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theytook170recordingsofnativespeakersreadingthesame20textstranslatedintotheirlanguageandcomparedthespeeds.(他们录制了170段母语人士阅读翻译成他们语言的20篇相同文本的第13页/共25页录音，并比较了速度。)”可知，研究的重点是语言速度。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“understandmore,theresearcherslookedateachsyllableinthetextstoseehowmuchinformationeachonecarries.(多少信息。)”可知，研究人员是通过分析每个音节的信息来研究语言中的信息率的。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Researchersfoundthatwhilelanguagesarespokenatdifferentspeeds,therateatwhichpeoplecommunicateinformationisaboutthesame.(研究人员发现，虽然语言的语速不同，但人们交流信息的速度大致相同。)”可知，研究人员最终发现说不同语言的人以相似的速率传递信息。故选D。第二节共5小题每小题分满分分)阅读下面短文从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheInternetisausefultoolthathasbecomeanimportantpartofourdailylives.Ashighschoolstudents,itisimportanttoknowhowtouseitsafely.____36____.TheInternetisalargesourceofinformation,butnotallinformationiscorrectorsecure.____37____.Becarefuloftricks(骗局),eachpieceofnews,andcontentthatisnotsuitable.Acarefulmindwillhelpyouseethedifferencebetweenwhatistrueandwhatisnot,andkeepyououtofdangerinthedigitalworld.____38____personaldetailsontheInternetcanmakeyouatargetforidentitytheftandotherdangers.Nevertellsensitive(敏感的)informationsuchasyourfullname,homeaddress,orschoolnameonpublicdiscussionboardsorsocialmedia.Ifyouneedtogiveinformation,makesurethewebsiteissafeandwell-known.TheInternetletsyoumeetpeopleworldwide,butnoteveryonehasgoodintentions.Donotclickonlinksfrompeopleyoudonot____39____.yourfeelingsandtellatrustedadultorthepeopleinchargeoftheplatform(平台)ifyouseeanythingstrange.____40____.However,itisimportanttorememberthatpeoplemaynotalwaystellthetruthaboutwhotheyare.ProtectyourprivacyandbecarefulabouttheinformationyousharewhenyoutalktoothersontheInternet.A.Onlinechatscanbefun.B.Knowwhoyoucan’ttrust.第14页/共25页C.TheInternetmaymakeyoufeelbored.D.Keepyourpersonalinformationprivate.E.HerearefourtipstohelpyoustaysafeontheInternet.F.Stoptalkingtostrangerswhomakeyoufeeluncomfortable.G.Whenyoulookatthingsonline,checkifthesourcesarebelievable.【答案】36.E37.G38.D39.F40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章给出了一些在网上保持安全的建议。【36题详解】根据上文“TheInternetisausefultoolthathasbecomeanimportantpartofourdailylives.Ashighschoolstudents,itisimportanttoknowhowtouseitsafely.(组成部分。作为高中生，重要的是要知道如何安全地使用它)”和下文介绍了一些有助于在互联网上保持安全的建议。此处需要一个承上启下的句子，既要对应上文提到的“知道如何安全地使用互联网很重要”，E选E。【37题详解】根据上文“TheInternetisalargesourceofinformation,butnotallinformationiscorrectorsecure.(互联网是一个巨大的信息来源，但并非所有信息都是正确或安全的)”和下文“Becarefuloftricks,eachpieceofnews,andcontentthatisnotsuitable.Acarefulmindwillhelpyouseethedifferencebetweenwhatistrueandwhatisnot,andkeepyououtofdangerinthedigitalworld.(小心诡计、每条新闻和不适合的内容。谨慎的心态将帮助你看到真实与虚假的区别，并让你在数字世界中远离危险)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会辨别网上信息的真假，谨慎上网。选项G“当你在网上查看东西时，检查来源是否可信”符合语境。故选G。【38题详解】空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Nevertellsensitiveinformationsuchasyourfullname,homeaddress,orschoolnameonpublicdiscussionboardsorsocialmedia.(切勿在公共讨论板或社交媒体上透露敏感信息，如您的全名、家庭住址或学校名称)”可知，本段建议保护个人信息，D选项“保持你的个人信息私密”符合语境，概括了本段的主旨，故选D。【39题详解】根据上文“TheInternetletsyoumeetpeopleworldwide,butnoteveryonehasgoodintentions.Donotclickonlinksfrompeopleyoudonot第15页/共25页自陌生人的链接)”和下文“yourfeelingsandtellatrustedadultorthepeopleinchargeoftheplatformifyouseeanythingstrange.(相信你的感觉，如果你看到任何奇怪的东西，告诉一个可信赖的成年人或平台负责人)”可知，本段主要讲的是要小心在网上遇到的人，不要随便点击陌生人的链接，遇到奇怪的事情要及时告诉可信赖的人或平台负责人。选项F“停止与让你感到不舒服的陌生人交谈”符合语境。故选F。【40题详解】根据段落小标题“Becarefulwithonlinechats.(对网络聊天要谨慎)”和下文“However,itisimportanttorememberthatpeoplemaynotalwaystellthetruthaboutwhotheyare.(实话关于他们是谁)”可知，本段讲的是网络聊天的相关内容，A选项“网络聊天可能很有趣”符合语境，引出下文，且A选项中的“onlinechats”呼应标题，故选A。第三部分语言运用共两节满分分)第一节共小题每小题1分满分分)阅读下面短文从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Someyouthsmaynotknowwhattodointhefuture.However,ayoungSherpafromNepalsuccessfully____41____hisgoalinOctoberbyclimbingthe8,027-meterMountShishapangma.Thereare14mountains____42____asthe“8,000ers”,foreachofthemisatleast8,000meterstall.Climbingall14issuchagreat____43____thatonlyafewdozenpeoplehave____44____tocompleteit.SherpasareagroupofpeoplefromNepalwho____45____fortheirclimbingskills.Theyoften____46____asguides.Theyoungman’sfatherisafamousclimber,andhis____47____climbedallofthe“8,000ers”,sohisfamilymembershavegivenhimstrong____48____.Butevenso,hedidn’t____49____climbingseriouslyuntilhewasoldenough.Heclimbedhisfirst“8,000er”,MountManaslu,inAugust,2022.He_____50_____toclimbShishapangmalastyear.Butanavalanche(雪崩)happenedatthetime.Hestoppedhisclimb._____51_____,hefocusedonrescuingotherclimbers.Theyoungman’ssuccesshasalreadybeen_____52_____byNepal’sgovernment.Itwilltakeawhilelongerforhimtogeta(n)_____53_____certificate(证书).Hehopeshissuccesseswillmakepeoplemore_____54_____ofhowimportantSherpasaretoclimbing.Butheaimstobemorethana_____55_____likehisfather.HewantstoshowthatSherpasareasgoodasclimbersfromanyothercountry.41.A.foughtB.builtC.completedD.kept42.A.knownB.dressedC.imaginedD.appreciated43.A.hobbyB.challengeC.taskD.burden第16页/共25页44.A.decidedB.attemptedC.managedD.intended45.A.makeupB.gothroughC.showD.standout46.A.workB.trainC.teachD.volunteer47.A.neighborsB.unclesC.friendsD.partners48.A.reliefB.serviceC.dreamD.support49.A.cutawayB.giveupC.setaboutD.applyfor50.A.scheduledB.forgotC.pretendedD.struggled51.A.MoreoverB.InsteadC.SadlyD.Luckily52.A.promotedB.conductedC.confirmedD.destroyed53.A.popularB.C.attractiveD.public54.A.anxiousB.curiousC.annoyedD.aware55.A.travelerB.heroC.failureD.guide【答案】41.C42.A43.B44.C45.D46.A47.B48.D49.C50.A51.B52.C53.B54.D55.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位来自尼泊尔的年轻夏尔巴人成功攀登8027米的希夏邦马峰，完成了攀登所有14座8000米以上山峰的挑战，他的成功得到了尼泊尔政府的认可，他希望自己的成功能让人们更加意识到夏尔巴人对攀登的重要性。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，10月，一名来自尼泊尔的年轻夏尔巴人成功登顶8027米的希夏邦马峰，完成了他的目标。A.fought战斗；B.built建造；C.completed完成；D.kepthisgoalinOctoberbyclimbingthe8,027-meterMountShishapangma”可知，这位年轻的夏尔巴人完成了登顶的目标。故选C。【42题详解】14座山峰被称为“80008000米高。A.known知道；B.dressedC.imagined想象；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“asthe“8,000ers””可知，这14座山峰被称为“8000米山峰”，应用beknownas“被称为”。故选A。【43题详解】14A.hobby爱好；B.challenge挑战；C.task任务；D.burden负担。根据下文“thatonlyafewdozen