2022年山西省长治市高二下学期期末联考英语试题

2021~2022学年高二下学期期末联合考试英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe4moviesreleasedinAprilFantasticBeasts:TheSecretsofDumbledoreInthethirdoffiveplannedFantasticBeastsfilms,AlbusDumbledoreandNewtScamanderfightwiththedarkforcesofGellertGrindelwaldinthe1930s.SeveralscenesaresetatHogwarts,sotheycouldreproducesomeoftheoldmagic.Itwasreleasedon15AprilintheUSandCanada.PetiteMamanTheheroineofPetiteMamaniseight-year-oldNelly.Afterhergrandmother’sdeath,Nellyplaysinthewoodsnearhermother’schildhoodhome,andmeetsMarion.Theyplaytogethereveryday.Thisastonishinglyinsightfulandheartbreakinglyhopefulcinematicpoemwillpierceyourheart,broadenyourmindanddelightyoursoul,evenasyouwipeawaytears.Itwasreleasedon22AprilintheUS.DowntonAbbey:ANewEraBBCCulture’sCarynJamesenjoyedthe“eleganceandglitteringproductionvalues”ofthefirstDowntonAbbeyfilm,whichwasreleasedin2019.Thisfilmisthesequel(续集)ofit.Itwasreleasedon29AprilintheUKandIreland.OperationMincemeatThisstranger-than-fictionfilmtellsthestorywhichhappenedduringWorldWarⅡ.Itsoundsliketheplotofafarfetchedespionage(间谍)novelratherthanareal-lifestory,becauseoneoftheofficersbehindtheplanwasLieutenantCommanderIanFleming,latertheauthoroftheJamesBondnovels.Itwasreleasedon15AprilintheUKandIreland.1.HowmanyFantasticBeastsmovieswerescheduledtorelease?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.2.WhatcanweinferaboutNelly?A.Shehaslosthermother. B.Shefindsherfatherinthewoods.C.ShehasmadefriendswithMarion. D.Shelivesaloneinhergrandmother’shouse.3.Whichmovieisbasedonatruestory?A.FantasticBeasts:TheSecretsofDumbledore. B.PetiteMaman.C.DowntonAbbey:ANewEra. D.OperationMincemeat.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四月上映的4部电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据FantasticBeasts:TheSecretsofDumbledore部分“InthethirdoffiveplannedFantasticBeastsfilms,(在《神奇动物在哪里》计划的五部电影中的第三部中)”可知，《神奇动物在哪里》共计划发行五部。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据PetiteMaman部分“TheheroineofPetiteMamaniseight-year-oldNelly.Afterhergrandmother’sdeath,Nellyplaysinthewoodsnearhermother’schildhoodhome,andmeetsMarion.Theyplaytogethereveryday.(《小妈妈》的女主角是八岁的奈莉。祖母去世后，耐莉在她母亲童年的家附近的树林里玩耍，遇到了玛丽昂。她们每天一起玩)”可知，Nelly和Marion成为了朋友。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据OperationMincemeat部分“Thisstranger-than-fictionfilmtellsthestorywhichhappenedduringWorldWarⅡ.Itsoundsliketheplotofafarfetchedespionage(间谍)novelratherthanareal-lifestory,becauseoneoftheofficersbehindtheplanwasLieutenantCommanderIanFleming,latertheauthoroftheJamesBondnovels.(这部比小说更离奇的电影讲述了发生在第二次世界大战期间的故事。这听起来更像是一部牵强附会的间谍小说的情节，而不是真实的故事，因为策划这一计划的军官之一是陆军中校伊恩·弗莱明，他后来是詹姆斯·邦德系列小说的作者)”可知，电影OperationMincemeat是根据真实故事改编。故选D项。BAlmostallofushavedreamedofwinningthelottery(彩票).Butthebiggestquestionis:Whatwillyoudowhenyouwinthatkindofmoney?Sportscarsandhousesaretheusualanswerstogetherwithluxurygoodslikebagsandshoes.ButforthisUKwoman,it’sallaboutgivingback.FrancesConnolly,55,aformersocialworkerandteacherfromNorthernIrelandscoredahuge£115millionfortuneorabout$145million.Thefirstthingshedidwassharingblessingswithfriendsandfamily.Infact,shehadalistpreparedinadvancejustincaseshewon.Withthemoney,Connollysetuptwocharitablefoundations.OnewasnamedafterherlatemotherKathleenGraham.ThefoundationiscurrentlybasedinNorthernIreland.TheotheroneisthePFCTrustwhichsupportslocalcaregivers,theelderly,andrefugees(难民)inherhometown.Givingbacktothecommunityisn’tnewtoConnolly.ConnollyoncevolunteeredwithSt.JohnAmbulanceasachild.ShewasalsopartofanAIDShotlinewhileshewasstudyinginBelfast.Currently,she’sstillinvolvedinhercommunity,especiallywiththeunemployed,refugees,caregivers,andtheelderly.Shealsoprovidedtabletcomputers(平板电脑)fortheseniorssotheycanregularlykeepintouchwiththeirfamilies.Whenaskedbylocalnewswhethershewashappytogivesomuchmoneyaway,shejustsaid,“I’mhappyandI’lldothatallmylife.”“Ifyoucandogoodthingsfordeservingpeople,goahead,”shesaid.“Itmakesnosensetometohavethatkindofmoneyandnotuseittodogoodintheworld.”4.WhatdidConnollydoaftershewonthelottery?A.Sheusedthemoneytohelpothers. B.Shegaveawaythemoneytorefugees.C.Shesharedthemoneywithherfamily. D.Sheboughtluxurythingswiththemoney.5.WhatdidConnollydofortheold?A.Sheemployedcaregiversforthem.B.Sheboughtthemcommunicationtools.C.Shebuiltashelterfortheminthecommunity.D.Sheremindedtheirchildrentolookafterthem.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeConnolly?A.Kindandgenerous. B.Justandsympathetic.C.Talentedanddetermined. D.Warm-heartedandhumorous.7.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Science. B.Fiction. C.Figure. D.Literature.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了心地善良的康诺利中了巨额彩票后，慷慨大方地分享自己的财富，帮助他人的善行。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“FrancesConnolly,55,aformersocialworkerandteacherfromNorthernIrelandscoredahuge£115millionfortuneorabout$145million.Thefirstthingshedidwassharingblessingswithfriendsandfamily.(55岁的弗朗西斯·康诺利来自北爱尔兰，曾是一名社会工作者和教师，她中了1.15亿英镑，约1.45亿美元的巨额财富。她做的第一件事就是与朋友和家人分享祝福)”和第三段中“Withthemoney,Connollysetuptwocharitablefoundations.(用这笔钱，康诺利建立了两个慈善基金会)”可知，康诺利中了彩票之后用这些钱去帮助别人。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Shealsoprovidedtabletcomputers(平板电脑)fortheseniorssotheycanregularlykeepintouchwiththeirfamilies.(她还为老年人提供了平板电脑，以便他们能定期与家人保持联系)”可知，康诺利为老人买了通讯工具，以便他们与家人保持联系。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thefirstthingshedidwassharingblessingswithfriendsandfamily.(她做的第一件事就是与朋友和家人分享祝福)”、第三段中“Withthemoney,Connollysetuptwocharitablefoundations.(用这笔钱，康诺利建立了两个慈善基金会)”和倒数第二段“Whenaskedbylocalnewswhethershewashappytogivesomuchmoneyaway,shejustsaid,‘I’mhappyandI’lldothatallmylife.’(当当地新闻记者问她捐出这么多钱是否高兴时，她只是说：‘我很高兴，我将一辈子都这么做’)”可推知，康诺利心地善良且慷慨大方。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了心地善良的康诺利中了巨额彩票后，慷慨大方地分享自己的财富，帮助他人的故事，所以本文很可能选自报纸中的人物版块。故选C项。CInrecentyears,HollywoodhasstriventoattracttheChineseaudiencebyinvitingChineseactorstomakeanappearance,shootingscenesinChina,orshowcasingelementsofChineseculture.InRolandEmmerich’slatestsci-fidisastermovieMoonfall,avarietyofChineseelements,includingtheappearanceofseveralconversationsintheChineselanguage,haveimpressedChineseviewers,nottomentionitsvisualeffects.OpeningonMarch25inChina,Moonfalltellsofhowateamofheroes,includingtwoseasonedastronauts,trytosaveEarthfromthecollision(碰撞)ofthemoon,drivenbyanunknownforce.Emmerichalreadyhasastrongreputation,builtonsuchblockbustersas2012andTheDayAfterTomorrow,afactthathasdrawnthecrowds.ButthemoviehasalsogainedattentionduetoitseasilyidentifiableChineseelements.AnaudiencesurnamedZhaowasimpressedbythere-entrycapsuleusedbytheteamattheendoftheirmission,ManyfansofChinesemannedspacemissionsbelievethatthecapsuleis“madeinChina”.SuchcapsuleshaveappearedinTVbroadcastprogramsshowingthesuccessfullandingofChineseastronautsreturningtoEarthaftertheirmissionsinspace.Zhaosaid,“TheChinesearemakingcontributionsinthefaceofadisaster.Thisnotonlyprovestheunityofmankind,butalsoshowsthecountry’sinternationalstatusandinfluence.”“Asitsoverallnationalstrengthgrows,theinfluenceofChina’sscienceandtechnologyoutput,aswellastheChineselanguage,hasbeenconstantlyimproving,”saidRaoShuguang,presidentoftheChinaFilmCriticsAssociation,Rao,however,pointedoutthatmostHollywoodmoviespresentChineseelementsinasymbolicway.“ManyarenotproperlyintroducingtrueChineseculture,”hesaid,“andthereisstillsomeroomforimprovement.”MarketobserversexpressedthehopethatHollywoodcangainadeeperunderstandingofChinaanddoabetterjobincrossculturalcommunicationsoastopresentChineseelementsmoreactually.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“striven”inparagraph1mean?A.Hated. B.Refused. C.Pretended. D.Struggled.9.WhatmaybestattractChineseaudiencetoMoonfall?A.ItsnoticeableChineseelements.B.Itsdirectorandtheinterestingstoryline.C.TheHollywood’spowerfulfilmproductionteam.D.Thesuperbcinematicstuntsandbeautifulscenes.10.HowdidZhaofeelafterwatchingtheMoonfall?A.Ridiculous. B.Annoyed. C.Proud. D.Indifferent.11.WhatdomarketobserversexpectHollywoodtodo?A.MakemorefilmsaboutsavingEarth. B.FurthercomprehendChineseculture.C.MeetsatisfactionoftheChineseaudience. D.Makemoremoviesfeaturingscientificelements.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。近年来，好莱坞通过邀请中国演员参演、在中国拍摄场景或展示中国文化元素努力吸引中国观众。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段句中“byinvitingChineseactorstomakeanappearance,shootingscenesinChina,orshowcasingelementsofChineseculture”（邀请中国演员参演、在中国拍摄场景或展示中国文化元素）以及下文《月落》这部电影因其易于识别的中国元素而受到关注可知，此处指好莱坞努力吸引中国观众，画线词意为“努力”，A.Hated.讨厌；B.Refused.拒绝；C.Pretended.假装；D.Struggled.努力。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“InRolandEmmerich’slatestsci-fidisastermovieMoonfall,avarietyofChineseelements,includingtheappearanceofseveralconversationsintheChineselanguage,haveimpressedChineseviewers,nottomentionitsvisualeffects.”（在罗兰·艾默里克最新的科幻灾难电影《月落》中，各种中文元素，包括几段中文对话的出现，都给中国观众留下了深刻的印象，更不用说它的视觉效果了。）以及“ButthemoviehasalsogainedattentionduetoitseasilyidentifiableChineseelements.（但这部电影也因其易于识别的中国元素而受到关注。）”可知，《月落》这部电影的显著的中国元素吸引了中国观众。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Zhaosaid,‘TheChinesearemakingcontributionsinthefaceofadisaster.Thisnotonlyprovestheunityofmankind,butalsoshowsthecountry’sinternationalstatusandinfluence.’”（赵说：“中国人在灾难面前做出了贡献，这不仅证明了人类的团结，也表明了中国的国际地位和影响力。”）可知，赵对《月落》这部电影感到很自豪。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“MarketobserversexpressedthehopethatHollywoodcangainadeeperunderstandingofChinaanddoabetterjobincrossculturalcommunicationsoastopresentChineseelementsmoreactually.”（市场观察人士表示，希望好莱坞能够加深对中国的了解，更好地进行跨文化交流，更真实地呈现中国元素。）可知，市场观察人士希望好莱坞进一步了解中国文化。故选B。DItturnsoutthatsunflowersaremorethanjustaprettyface:theultraviolet(紫外线的)coloursoftheirflowersnotonlyattractpollinators(传粉者),butalsohelptheplantregulatewaterloss,accordingtonewresearch.Theyellowsunflowerisafamiliarsight,butit’shidingsomethingfromthehumaneye—anultravioletbullseye(靶心)pattern,invisibletohumansbutnottomostinsectsincludingbees.Thesebullseyepatternshavelongbeenknowntoimprovetheattractivenessofflowerstopollinatorsbyincreasingtheirvisibility.“Unexpectedly,wenoticedthatsunflowersgrowingindrierclimateshaveflowerswithlargerultravioletbullseyes,andfoundthatthoseflowersareabletokeepwatermoreefficiently.Thissuggeststhattheselargerultravioletbullseyeshelpplantsadapttothesedrierenvironments,”saysDr.MarcoTodesco.Dr.Todescoandhiscolleaguesgrewalmost2,000wildsunflowersoftwospeciesattheuniversityin2016and2019.Theymeasuredthesunflowers’ultravioletpatterns,andanalyzedtheplants’genes,andfoundthatwildsunflowersfromdifferentpartsofNorthAmericahadultravioletbullseyesofverydifferentsizes.Largerfloralultravioletpatternsthathavemoreofthesecompoundscouldhelpreducetheamountofwaterlossfromasunflowerinenvironmentswithlowerhumidity(湿度),preventingtoomuchwaterloss.Inhumid,hotenvironments,smallerultravioletpatternswouldpromotethewaterloss,keepingtheplantcoolandavoidingoverheating.Sunflowersareplantedforvariouspurposes,includingsunfloweroilproduction,aroughly$20billionindustryin2020.Thisresearchcouldhelpaddtoknowledgeabouthowtoattractpollinators,potentiallyincreasingcropyields,saysDr.Todesco.“Thisworkalsohelpsusunderstandhowsunflowers,andpotentiallyotherplants,betteradapttodifferentareasortemperatures,whichcouldbeimportantinawarmingclimate.”12.Whatdoweknowaboutsunflowers?A.Theydon’tneedpollinators.B.Theirflowershavespecialfunctions.C.Theirflowerscandrivetheinsectsaway.D.Theycanbegrowninextremelycoldareas.13.WhatdidDr.Todescoandhiscolleaguesdo?A.Theyanalyzed2000kindsofsunflowers.B.Theyplantedsunflowerstocarryoutresearch.C.TheytravelledtodifferentpartsofSouthAmerica.D.TheyhelpedpeopleinNorthAmericaplantsunflowers.14.WhatisDr.Todesco’sattitudetotheresearchonsunflowers?A.Positive. B.Doubtful.C.Negative. D.Critical.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AHiddenFunctionofFlowersofSunflowersB.ResearchersFoundaNewSpeciesofSunflowerC.SunflowersCanChangetheColoursofSunshineD.UltravioletBullseyePatternsAttractMoreInsects【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究者通过种植和研究野生向日葵花，发现了其花朵的紫外线颜色不仅可以吸引传粉者，还可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“theultraviolet(紫外线的)coloursoftheirflowersnotonlyattractpollinators(传粉者),butalsohelptheplantregulatewaterloss.”（向日葵花朵的紫外线颜色不仅可以吸引传粉者，还可以帮助植物本身调节水分缺失。）可知，向日葵花有着特殊的功能。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“Dr.Todescoandhiscolleaguesgrewalmost2,000wildsunflowersoftwospeciesattheuniversityin2016and2019.Theymeasuredthesunflowers’ultravioletpatterns,andanalyzedtheplants’genes.”(Dr.Todesco和他同事们在2016年和2019年在大学里种植了两个品种的差不多2000株野生向日葵。他们测量了这些向日葵的紫外线模式，然后分析了这些植物的基因。)可知，Dr.Todesco和他的同事们种植这些向日葵是为了进行研究。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Thisresearchcouldhelpaddtoknowledgeabouthowtoattractpollinators,potentiallyincreasingcropyields,saysDr.Todesco.”（这项研究可以帮助增加关于如何吸引传粉者方面的知识，从而可能增加农作物的产量，Dr.Todesco说。）可知，Dr.Todesco对关于向日葵的这项研究持有肯定态度。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了一项研究的发现，即向日葵花朵不为人知的一个特殊功能，即其紫外线颜色可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失。后面几段话都是在围绕该研究过程、研究发现及研究意义来展开说明的。因此文章还是以这一研究结果——向日葵花朵可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失为主要内容进行展开介绍的。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Dancingisnaturalandalmostanychildcandance.However,whydosomanypeoplefindithardtodancewhentheyreachtheirteensoradulthood?___16___Mostpeoplehaveheardthewords“Dancelikenobodyiswatching”.___17___Whenwe’relearningsomethingnew,wehatehavinganaudiencewatchingoursillymistakes.Actually,everyoneelseistoobusyworryingabouttheirownmistakes.Chancesarethatyou’renottheonlyonestrugglingwiththesteps!Weallhavepatternsofmusclememory.Yourbodylikesdoingrepetitivemovementsthatitdoesn’thavetothinkabout.___18___Yourbrainmayunderstand,butitcantakeawhiletodirectthemtointerpretthesenewandunfamiliarmovements.Bepatientwithyourselfandunderstandit’sthewayyourbodyworks.___19___Ifyou’veneverdancedbefore,thecomplexrhythmsandfastfootworkofflamenco(弗拉门科舞)wouldbeabigchallengeasthefirstdancestyle.Ifyou’reinflexible,Irecommenddoingsomeyogafirsttomakeyourbodygetusedtothenewdemandsofdance.Alackofrhythmisthebiggestobstacleoflearningtodance.However,itcanbeovercomewithenoughpractice.___20___Thenstartlearningtodancewhenyoubegintofeelthebeat.Dancecanbeaveryrewardingandenjoyablehobby.Justbepatientwithyourselfandlearntodance.A.It’shumannaturetodislikelookingfoolish.B.Dancerequiresyoutomoveyourarmsandlegs.C.You’llbeabletodothemalmostwithoutthinking.D.Trytomasterdancestepsfirstifyouhavenosenseofrhythm.E.Learningamusicalinstrumentisagoodwaytolearnsinging.F.Therearemanythingspreventingpeoplefromlearningdancing.G.Anotherpossibilityisthatyoupickedanimproperstyleofdance.【答案】16.F17.A18.B19.G20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍学舞蹈难的原因。作者针对这些困难给出建议。【16题详解】上文“Dancingisnaturalandalmostanychildcandance.However,whydosomanypeoplefindithardtodancewhentheyreachtheirteensoradulthood?(跳舞是自然的，几乎任何孩子都可以跳舞。然而，为什么这么多人在十几岁或成年后发现跳舞很难呢？)”说明有些人认为跳舞很难。F项“Therearemanythingspreventingpeoplefromlearningdancing.(有很多事情阻止人们学习舞蹈。)”承接上文，说明有很多事情阻止人们学习舞蹈，所以有些人认为很难跳舞。故选F。【17题详解】下文“Whenwe’relearningsomethingnew,wehatehavinganaudiencewatchingoursillymistakes.(当我们学习新东西时，我们讨厌让观众看到我们愚蠢的错误。)”说明在学习新事物时，我们不想向他人展现愚蠢和错误。A项“It’shumannaturetodislikelookingfoolish.(不喜欢看起来很愚蠢是人类的天性。)”引出下文，说明人们在学习新事物时，不想让他人看到自己愚蠢的一面。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Weallhavepatternsofmusclememory.Yourbodylikesdoingrepetitivemovementsthatitdoesn’thavetothinkabout.(我们都有肌肉记忆模式。你的身体喜欢做重复的动作，而这不必考虑。)”及下文“Yourbrainmayunderstand,butitcantakeawhiletodirectthemtointerpretthesenewandunfamiliarmovements.(你的大脑可能会理解，但可能需要一段时间来引导他们领会这些新的和不熟悉的动作。)”说明跳舞需要身体做动作，并且大脑和肌肉可以记住动作。B项“Dancerequiresyoutomoveyourarmsandlegs.(舞蹈需要你移动你的胳膊和腿。)”承上启下，说明跳舞需要移动胳膊和腿，做出相应的舞蹈动作。故选B。【19题详解】下文“Ifyou’veneverdancedbefore,thecomplexrhythmsandfastfootworkofflamenco(弗拉门科舞)wouldbeabigchallengeasthefirstdancestyle.Ifyou’reinflexible,Irecommenddoingsomeyogafirsttomakeyourbodygetusedtothenewdemandsofdance.(如果你以前从未跳过舞，弗拉门科舞的复杂节奏和快速步法作为第一种舞蹈风格将是一个很大的挑战。如果你不灵活，我建议你先做一些瑜伽，让你的身体习惯舞蹈的新需求。)”说明刚开始学舞蹈时，应该循序渐进，由简入难。G项“Anotherpossibilityisthatyoupickedanimproperstyleofdance.(另一种可能性是你选择了一种不恰当的舞蹈风格。)”引出下文，建议我们根据自己的入门时间和身体的灵活性选对舞蹈风格。故选G。【20题详解】上文“Alackofrhythmisthebiggestobstacleoflearningtodance.However,itcanbeovercomewithenoughpractice.(缺乏节奏是学习跳舞的最大障碍。但是，可以通过足够的练习来克服它。)”及下文“Thenstartlearningtodancewhenyoubegintofeelthebeat.(然后当你开始感觉到节节奏时，开始学习跳舞。)”说明可以通过练习来克服缺乏节奏感的问题，感受到节奏后，开始学习舞蹈。D项“Trytomasterdancestepsfirstifyouhavenosenseofrhythm.(如果你没有节奏感，请先试着掌握舞步。)”承上启下，说明可以通过掌握舞步，获得节奏感。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasinvitedtoathree-dayretreat(静修)inNewJersey.Ididn’twanttogobecauseIwas____21____.Itdidn’treallydrawmy____22____fromthebeginning.Myfriend____23____Ishouldgoandthesponsormadearequesttomyemployeronmybehalf.SoIdecidedtogo.We____24____andspentanightinahotel.Thereweresomanypeople.The____25____wassolovelyandeverybodywasverykind.Onthefirstmorningofretreat,Iwasaloneat____26____.Ifoundagirlwhowasalonetoo.I____27____hertoaskifsheneeded____28____withherwheelchair.Shesaid“okay”inashyway.We____29____ourfoodandchoseatable.Wetalkedalot.Iwasso____30____toherandafterafewlaughsshewasopentometoo.Wedidn’tknoweachother,butwe____31____.Shewasveryinterestingandtaughtmesomethingreally____32____thatIwillneverforget.Ithinkeverybodyhasfaith,strength,confidenceandcourage.Ithinkeverybodyshould____33____whattheywanttobeorreachwhattheywanttoreach.Ifyoudosomethingyoudon’tbelieveispossibleeveryday,youwillgain____34____.Ifyouexerciseor____35____difficultmomentseveryday,you’llgain____36____.Ifyoudosomethingthattakescourageandthat____37____cando,you’llgetcourage.Ireallythinkthateverybodyhastogainthese____38____togroweveryday.We____39____sharedournames.Wecontinuetoteacheachotherandhave____40____friendseversincethatday.21.A.appealing B.observing C.staying D.working22.A.exploration B.suspicion C.attention D.life23.A.ordered B.insisted C.promised D.bothered24.A.struggled B.exploded C.walked D.travelled25A.environment B.reality C.issue D.devotion26.A.dawn B.break C.noon D.present27.A.left B.approached C.met D.offended28.A.help B.business C.procedure D.process29.A.had B.sold C.selected D.analysed30.A.rude B.fortunate C.strange D.open31.A.hadagoodtime B.madeafortune C.gotofftheroom D.setaboutothers32.A.important B.tiresome C.embarrassing D.casual33.A.suffer B.complain C.define D.damage34.A.equipment B.dependency C.confidence D.tension35.A.avoid B.present C.rule D.overcome36.A.freedom B.strength C.permission D.hesitation37.A.few B.many C.others D.everyone38.A.processes B.sayings C.quantities D.qualities39.A.abnormally B.merely C.eventually D.distantly40.A.conducted B.remained C.suspected D.requested【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.A33.C34.C35.D36.B37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了在一次参加静修会时结识新朋友和对方教会作者的道理。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想去因为我在工作。A.appealing呼吁；B.observing观察；C.staying停留，逗留；D.working工作。根据下文“…thesponsormadearequesttomyemployeronmybehalf(……赞助者代表我向我的雇主提出了一个请求)”可知，作者应是忙于工作。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它一开始就没有引起我的注意。A.exploration探索；B.suspicion怀疑；C.attention注意，兴趣；D.life生活。根据上文“Ididn’twanttogo”可知，作者不想去静修会，因为它一开始就没有引起作者的注意，故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友坚持要我去，赞助者代表我向我的雇主提出了请求。A.ordered命令；B.insisted坚持；C.promised承诺；D.bothered费心，使烦恼。根据下文“…thesponsormadearequesttomyemployeronmybehalf(……赞助者代表我向我的雇主提出了一个要求)”可知，此处指朋友坚持要作者去，呼应下文“SoIdecidedtogo.”作者去了的内容。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们上路了，在旅馆住了一晚。A.struggled挣扎；B.exploded爆炸；C.walked走路，步行；D.travelled旅行，行进。根据下文“spentanightinahotel”可知，只有出门了才会在外住宿，此处指“我们上路了”，故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：环境令人很愉快，每个人都很友好。A.environment环境；B.reality现实；C.issue问题；D.devotion奉献，忠诚。根据下文“everybodywasverykind(每个人都很友好)”可知，此处指现场环境令人愉快，故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：静修会的第一天早上，休息时我独自一人。A.dawn黎明；B.break休息，间歇；C.noon中午；D.present现在，眼前。根据下文作者去帮助女孩推轮椅并攀谈起来可知，应是休息时间。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走近她，问她是否需要帮忙推轮椅。A.left离开；B.approached接近；C.met遇见；D.offended冒犯。根据下文“withherwheelchair.”可知，女孩行动不便，作者是走近女孩问她是否需要帮助。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走近她，问她是否需要帮忙推轮椅。A.help帮助；B.business生意；C.procedure手续，步骤；D.process过程。结合语境可知，作者问坐轮椅的女孩是否需要帮助。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们选好食物后，选了一张桌子。A.had有；B.sold卖；C.selected选择；D.analysed分析。根据下文“choseatable”可知，应是选好食物后选了一张桌子。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对她敞开心扉，几声大笑之后，她也对我敞开心扉。A.rude粗鲁的；B.fortunate幸运的；C.strange奇怪的，陌生的；D.open坦率的。根据下文“shewasopentometoo(她也对我敞开心扉)”可知，作者对女孩敞开心扉，故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们彼此并不认识，但是我们聊得很开心。A.hadagoodtime玩得开心；B.madeafortune发财；C.gotofftheroom离开房间；D.setaboutothers抨击别人。根据转折词but可知，此处指虽然不认识但是聊得很开心。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常有趣，教了我一些非常重要的东西，我永远不会忘记。A.important重要的；B.tiresome烦人的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.casual随意的。根据下文“Iwillneverforget”可知，此处指重要的东西，所以不会忘记。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为每个人都应该明确自己想成为什么样的人，或者达到自己想达到的目标。A.suffer受苦，遭受；B.complain抱怨；C.define阐明，使清楚；D.damage损害。根据语境及“reachwhattheywanttoreach”可知，此处指每个人都应该明确自己想成为什么样的人。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你每天都做一些你认为不可能的事情，你就会获得信心。A.equipment设备；B.dependency依赖，从属；C.confidence信心；D.tension紧张。根据上文“Ifyoudosomethingyoudon’tbelieveispossibleeveryday”可知，每天都做自认为不可能完成的事情，会让人获得自信。故选C项。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你每天锻炼或克服困难，你就会获得力量。A.avoid避免；B.present颁发，赠送；C.rule统治；D.overcome克服。结合空后的“difficultmoments”可知，此处指克服困难时刻。故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你每天锻炼或克服困难，你就会获得力量。A.freedom自由；B.strength力量；C.permission同意，许可；D.hesitation犹豫。根据上文“exercise”可知，每天锻炼会获得力量。故选B项。【37题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果你做一些需要勇气的事情或者很少有人能做的事情，你就会得到勇气。A.few少数（人或物）；B.many很多（人或物）；C.others别人；D.everyone每个人。根据下文“you’llgetcourage”可知，做少数人能做的事情才叫有勇气。故选A项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的认为每个人都必须获得这些品质才能每天成长。A.processes过程；B.sayings谚语；C.quantities量，数量；D.qualities质量，品质。上文提到的信心、力量和勇气都属于人的品质。故选D项。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们最后分享了彼此的名字。A.abnormally反常地；B.merely仅仅；C.eventually最终；D.distantly遥远地。结合语境可知，此处指最后两人告知对方彼此的名字。故选C项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续教彼此，从那天起就一直是朋友。A.conducted实施，指挥；B.remained保持不变，一直是；C.suspected怀疑；D.requested请求，要求。根据上文“Wecontinuetoteacheachother”可知，作者和女孩继续教对方，一直保持着朋友关系。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Humansarecreaturesofhabit.Likeanyotherroutine,bedtimeroutinesareahabit____41____helpsourbrainsrecognizewhentosleep.Byperformingthesameactivitiesinthesameordereverynight,yourbraincomestoseethoseactivitiesasaprecursor(先兆)tosleep.Bedtimeroutinesalsoplayanimportantroleinreducinglate-nightstress,____42____(anxious),andthedisturbingthoughtsthatkeepyouupatnight.Anxiousthoughtsactivateyourmindandsympatheticnervoussystem.____43____(leave)unchecked,thesethoughtscanintensifyanddevelopintoinsomnia(失眠).____44____(follow)abedtimeroutine,youcankeepyourmindfocusedonother____45____(task)andencourageyourselftorelaxinstead.Theimportanceofbedtimeroutines____46____(date)backtoasfaraschildhood.Bedtimeroutineshelpchildrenconnectwiththeirnaturalcircadian(昼夜节律的)rhythms,learnhowtocalm____47____(they)down,andpracticehealthyhabitsthatpromotegoodsleep.Bedtimeroutineshavealsobeenfoundtohave____48____(extreme)positiveimpactsinotherareasofchildren’slives,includingbettermemory,mentalhealth,andattention.Butbedtimeroutinesforadultsarejustasimportant.Bedtimeroutineshelpyourbrainseparatetheday____49____thenight,clearyourmindandbodyoftheday’sstresses,____50____relaxintosleep.【答案】41.that/which42.anxiety43.Left44.following45.tasks46.candate47.themselves48.extremely49.from50.and【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了有规律的睡眠时间的重要性。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：和其他常规一样，就寝时间的常规也是一种习惯，可以帮助我们的大脑识别何时睡觉。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，先行词habit为物，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：有规律的就寝时间在减少深夜压力、焦虑和会让你熬夜的烦扰想法方面也发挥着重要的作用。分析句子可知，所填词与名词stress和thoughts为并列宾语关系，需用抽象名词anxiety。故填anxiety。43题详解】考查过去分词。句意：如果不加以控制，这些想法可能会加剧并发展为失眠。分析句子可知，主语为thoughts，该空在句中做条件状语，且leave与主语为被动关系，用过去分词形式，首字母大写。故填Left。【44题详解】考查现在分词。句意：遵循有规律的就寝时间，你可以把注意力集中在其他任务上，并鼓励自己放轻松。分析句子可知，主语为you，该空在句中做状语，且follow与主语为主动关系，用现在分词。故填following。【45题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：遵循有规律的就寝时间，你可以把注意力集中在其他任务上，并鼓励自己放轻松。结合other及句意，所填空处需填可数名词task的复数形式。故填tasks。【46题详解】考查情态动词。句意：有规律的就寝时间的重要性可以追溯到童年时期。结合句意可知，情态动词can在句中表示“可以，能够”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填candate。【47题详解】考查代词。句意：就寝时间的常规帮助孩子们与他们的自然昼夜节律联系起来，学习如何让自己冷静下来，并练习促进良好睡眠的健康习惯。结合句意可知，孩子们学习的是如何让他们自己冷静下来，用反身代词的宾语形式。故填themselves。【48题详解】考查副词。句意：人们还发现就寝时间常规对儿童生活的其他方面也有非常积极的影响，包括更好的记忆力、心理健康和注意力。分析句子可知，修饰形容词positive，用副词extremely作状语。故填extremely。【49题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：就寝时间常规帮助你的大脑将白天和夜晚分开，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，放松进入睡眠。separate...from...为固定搭配，意为“将……与……分开”。故填from。【50题详解】考查连词。句意：就寝时间常规帮助你的大脑将白天和夜晚分开，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，放松进入睡眠。结合语境可知，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，与放松进入睡眠为顺承关系，and连接表示顺承。故填and。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。MyfatherisalwaysonmysidetomakesureIovercomedifficultiesandprogressestowardsmygoal.Heisalwaysfirsto