2023-2024学年江苏省无锡市新吴区第三高级中学高一年级第二学期3月阶段测试英语（春卷）

2023—2024学年江苏省无锡市新吴区第三高级中学高一年级第二学期3月阶段测试英语（春卷）

一、阅读理解(★★)Top4EcotourismDestinationsintheWorldTravellingoftencomeswithanenvironmentalcost一butbychoosingtotravelmoreresponsiblyandsustainably,youcanhelptoreducethenegativeeffectsoftourism.Herearefourdestinationsthathavealreadysigneduptoamoresustainablewayoflife.CostaRicaSo,youwanttoescape?Imagineacountrythat’sone-quarternationalpark,aplacewhereyoucouldhikeinarainforestinthemorningandsurftropicalwavesintheafternoon.ImagineanadventureEdenwhereallkindsofuniqueanimalsrunbeforeyoureyes.ThatcountryisCostaRicaConservationhasbeendevelopedheresincethe1970s,withmeasurestoprotectareas,closez00Sandreversedeforestation.About80%oftheOsaPeninsulaisprotected;muchofitisinCorcovadoNationalPark,wherevisitorscanfollowguidedtripswithlocalgroups.Activityoptionsrangefromrainforesthikestowhale-watching,divingatIsladelCanoandsurfingatCaboMatapalo.FinlandIt’sanationwhere80percentoftheterritoryiscoveredbyforestsMeanwhile,Finland’sairandwaterisclaimedtobetheclearest.TheFinishTouristBoardhaslaunchedtheSustainableFinlandprogrammetohelpvisitorsplanthemosteco-friendlytravelsandengagewithnatureandlocalculture,knowingeverystepoftheirtriphasbeenlookedatfromaneconomical,ecological,socialandculturalperspective.BhutanUntil1974,theKingdomofBhutanremainedclosedtotourism.Thenoneday,KingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdeclaredBhutanopentovisitors.Today,onlythosewhohavebookedguidedtoursthroughapprovedtravelagenciescanenterBhutan.Permitsarechargedatapeak-seasonnightlyrateof＄250perperson,whichincludesa37percenttaxthatgoestowardsimprovinginfrastructure(基础设施)andstrengtheningthehealthcareandtheeducationsystems.Thisstrictpolicymeanstourismiscontrolled,withlocallifelargelyuntouchedbyitsimpact.BotswanaAsoneofthemostconvenientlocationstospotthe“BigFive”,Botswana’sinfrastructurehaslongbeenunderpressuretomeetthedemandsoftheworld’ssafari(游猎)market.Thankfully,theteamatGreatPlainsSafarihasbeentakingmeasurestominimizeimpactandinvestincommunity-basedopportunitiestohelplocalvillagesdevelop.Onesuchmeasureisakids’conservationcamp,wherechildrenareinvitedtoweek-longcoursestolearnabouttheirsurroundings,thevalueofconservationandtheroleofenvironmentaltourism.1.WhatcantouristsdoinCostaRica?

A．Campandswim.B．Hikeandhunt.C．Watchandcatchwhales.D．Diveandsurf.2.WhatchallengeisBotswanafacedwith?

A．Itisnolongeralocationtospotthe“BigFive”.B．Childrendon’tcareaboutenvironmentaltourism.C．ThegovernmentinvestslittleinlocaldevelopmentD．Itsinfrastructurehasbeenimpactedbythesafarimarket.3.Ofthefourecotourismdestinations,whichhasastricttourismpolicy?

A．CostaRicaB．FinlandC．BhutanD．Botswana(★★★)Ifyou’vegotmorethanonekid,you’reshowingfavoritism,whetheryouknowitornot.“Parentsmayfavoronechildoveranother,foralotofreasons.Thechildmayhaveaneasytemperament(性情)ormightbehaveparticularlywellormaylooklikeyou,”saysSusanNewman,apsychologist.“Butregardlessofthereason,everychildmustbemadetofeellovedandspecial,inordertofullydevelop.”Newmanwarnsthatfavoringonechildovertheirsiblings(兄弟姐妹)publiclycanhaveasignificantlynegativeeffect.“Theunfavoredchildcanfeeldefeated,andunmotivated,asaresultofworkinghardtogetparentalsupport,withnosuccess,”saysYelenaGidenko,alicensedcounselor.“Heorshemayalsosufferfromdepressionandbecomeangry,bitter,orjealous,”sheaddsChildrenfeelingthiswaymayactout,inanefforttogettheirparent’sattention,makingmattersworse.Theymayalsobehaveinappropriately,becomingtheblacksheep,whichtheybelievetheirparentsalreadysee.“Unfavoredchildrenmayhaveahardtimeacceptingwhotheyare,sincetheydonotfeelacceptedbytheirparents,”addsGidenko.Favoritismisnotexactlyaboonforthefavoredchild,either.Kidswhofeelthattheyaretheirparent’sfavoritesometimestranslatethatintoagopassfortheirbehaviorinfuturerelationships.“Favoredchildrenmayfeelasenseofentitlement,andthatrulesdonotapplytothem,”saysGidenko.Thiscannegativelyaffectthewaytheyactinschool,atwork,andintheirfriendships.Itmayseemabsurd,buttheoppositecanalsooccur.Favoredchildrenmayexperienceanxietyandinsecurity,resultingfromtheirfavoritechildstatus(身份).“Childrenareobservant.Theyknowwhentheyaregettingpraiseforthingstheyhavenotearned,suchasbeingyourfavorite.Forthisreason,theyknow,andfear,thatthesethingsmightbetakenawayfromthematanytime,foranyreason,”saysGidenkoNewmanurgesparentstorememberthatit’snotpossibletotreatchildrenequallybecausetheyarealldifferent.Whatparentscan,andshoulddoistalktotheirkidsabouthow,andwhy,theytreatthemthewaytheydo.“Accordingtoresearch,parentsdon’ttalkaboutthis.Theydon’tsaywhyonechildgetsmoretimethananother.Iftheydo,theyarepreservingtheirbondwitheachchild,”saysNewman.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutunfavoredchildren?

A．Theywanttopleasetheirparents.B．Theycarelittleabouttheirsiblings.C．Theytendtolackasenseofidentity.D．Theyhopetobetheblacksheepofthefamily.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boon”inparagraph4mean?

A．benefit.B．branch.C．chemical.D．challenge.6.WhatdoesNewmansuggestparentsdointhelastparagraph?

A．Treattheirchildrenequally.B．Strengthentheirbondwiththeirchildren.C．Explainthemselvestotheirchildren.D．Removethedifferencesbetweentheirchildren.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．Thesolutionstoparentalfavoritism.B．Theconsequencesofparentalfavoritism.C．Ananalysisofwhyparentsplayfavorites.D．Acontrastbetweenfavoredandunfavoredchildren.(★★★★)Haveyoueverwonderedwhyotherpeopledon’tseethingsthesamewayyoudo?Isn’titconfusingthatyoudon’tnecessarilysharethesameviewpointsevenwhenyoucomefromthesamefamily?Whycan’ttheyjustseeitmyway?Thescientificexplanationcomesfromcognitive(认知的)psychology;it’samentalprocessknownasinformationprocessing.Fromapsychologicalperspective,youhaveyourowninternalsetofcorevalues,memories,andqualityofemotion.Witheveryexternaleventyouexperience,theinformationcomesinandisfiltered(过滤)throughyouremotions,memories,andvalues.Howyou“see”yourself,others,andtheworldyouliveinwillbeflavoredbywhatyou’veexperiencedorbelievetobetrue.Inotherwords,youdon’tseethingsastheyare—youseethingsasyouare.Youhaveaprocessforfilteringinformationanditmaystrikeyouasbeingodd,tosaytheleast,whenothersdon’tsubscribetothesamebeliefs,thoughts,andopinions.Whatifyouconsidered,evenforjustamoment,thatwhatyouareperceivingisonlyonepossibility—andthatthereareseveralotherwaystointerpretasituation?Ineverywalkoflife,youfindyourselfdefendingyourbeliefs,arguingforhowyouremembersomethingthathappened,andpositioningyourselftoinfluenceotherstoseethingsyourway.Butwhatifyou’remissingtheimportantpointthatyourdifferencesarewhatmakelifecolorful?Thosedifferencesarewhatstimulateyourmindandemotions.Withoutdifferences,lifewouldbedull.Therewouldbeno“aha”momentifyoukneweverything.Therewouldbenoinspirationintheformofart,music,poetry,style,orcommunication.Therewillbetimesinyourlifewhenboundariesmayneedtobeenforcedwithothersand,attheendoftheday,youwanttofeelunderstoodandappreciated.Learningtohonoryourviewpoints,whileothershavetheirownisvitalforcoexistinginaworldwhereeveryindividualisperfectlyunique.8.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetexttoplayroleininformationprocessing?

A．Experiences.B．Personalities.C．Memory.D．Emotions.9.Howdoestheauthorsuggestyouhandlethesituation,whendividedopinionsarise?

A．Insistonyourownbeliefsandvalues.B．Ignorewhatthingsactuallyare.C．Listentoandfollowothers’completely.D．Respectbothyourandothers’opinions.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsindividualdifferences?

A．Positive.B．Negative.C．Confused.D．Surprised.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A．WhyNobodyUnderstandsYou?B．HowComeYouAreSoUniate?C．WhoisResponsibleforDisagreement?D．WhatMakesYouThinkYou’reRight?(★★★)Imaginethatyou’vejustfinishedtakingamultiple-choicetest,andyoustarttosecond-guessoneofyouranswers.Youhavesomeextratime—shouldyousticktoyourfirstinstinct(直觉)orchangeit?Aboutthreequartersofstudentsareconvincedthatchangingtheiranswerswillhurttheirscores.Experienceindicatesthatmanywhochangeanswerschangetothewronganswer.Despitethelessonsofexperience,whatdoesevidencesay?Inareviewofthirty-threestudies,threepsychologistsfoundthatthemajorityofanswerchangeswerefromwrongtoright.Teachershavealsofoundthatstudents’finalexamshavefewerasermarks,butthosewhodorethinktheirfirstanswersratherthanstickingtothemendupimprovingtheirscores.Thisphenomenonisknownasthefirstinstinctfallacy(谬误).Wedon’tjusthesitatetorethinkouranswers.Wehesitateattheveryideaofrethinking.Takeanexperimentwherehundredsofcollegestudentslearnedaboutthefirstinstinctfallacyforexample.Researcherstaughtthemaboutthevalueofchangingtheirmindsandgavethemadviceonwhenitmakessensetodoso.Intheirnexttwotests,theywerestillunlikelytochangetheiranswers.Partoftheproblemiscognitive(认知的)laziness.Psychologistspointoutthatwefavorthecomfortoffirmly-heldbeliefsoverthediscomfortofdoubt.Questioningourselvesmakestheworldmoreunpredictable.Itrequiresustoadmitthatthefactsmayhavechanged,andthatwhatwasoncerightmaynowbewrong.We’veallheardaboutthepopularstorywhereafrogwouldimmediatelyescapeifdroppedintoboilinghotwater,butitwouldstayifthewaterwasgraduallyheated.However,itisn’ttrue.Thefrogwillescapeassoonasthewatergetsuncomfortablywarm.Itisjustoncewehearthestoryandacceptitastrue,werarelybothertoquestionit.So,it’snotsomuchchangingyouranswerthatimprovesyourscoreasconsideringwhetheryoushouldchangeit.12.Whatisacommonbeliefamongstudentswhentheytaketests?

A．Changinganswersisarisk.B．Firstinstinctharmstheirscores.C．Reviewinganswersisamust.D．Second-guessingimprovestheirscores.13.Whatmightcollegestudentsbetaughtconcerningthefirstinstinctfallacy?

A．Changingone’smindhurts.B．Firstinstinctshouldbeignored.C．Seekingothers’advicehelps.D．Firstanswerscanbechallenged.14.Whydoestheauthormentionthestoryofafrog?

A．Toraisequestionsaboutthestory.B．Tostresstheimportanceofescaping.C．Toconveythefrog’slessonofsurvival.D．Toillustrateourresistancetoquestioning.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．Rethinking:theArtofDoubtB．FirstInstinctisNottoBeTrustedC．Changing:FromRighttoWrongD．ChangingAnswersImprovesScores(★★★)Inaworldobsessed(痴迷)with“more”it’seasytooverlookthepowerofsubtraction(减法).We’reconstantlybombedwithmessagestellingusthatweneedmorestuff,moremoney,andmorefollowers.16Let’sexplorethepowerofsubtraction,andhowlesscantrulymeanmore.Weallhavetoomuchstuff.It’stimetoclearup.Donateorsellwhatyoudon’tneedorlove.You’llbeamazedathowliberatingitfeelstolivewithless.17Thefewerpossessionsyouhave,themoreyou’llappreciatewhattrulymatters.Intoday’sfast-pacedworld,ourattentionisavaluablecommodity.18Forexample,excessivesocialmediascrolling,watchingTVshowsnonstoporfocusingtoomuchattentiononinsignificanttasksistime-consuming.Subtractthesetimewastersandredirectyourfocustowardmoremeaningfulpursuits.19Assessthepeopleinyourlifeanddeterminewhoupliftsyouandwhobringsyoudown.Identifywhohelpscontributetoyoursuccessandwhoholdsyouback.Subtractthepoisonousindividualsandinvestmoretimeandenergyintothefriendshipsthatgenuinelyenrichyourlife.Ourmindsareoftenfilledwithworries,negativethoughts,andself-doubt.Learningtoletgoofthismentalmesscansignificantlyimproveouroverallwell-being.Practicemindfulnesstechniques,suchasyoga,tohelpclearyourmind.20

A．Butwhatifmoremeansaricherlife?B．Butwhatiflessisthesecrettohappiness?C．Trytosubtractyourunhealthyhabitsfromyourlife.D．Identifymeaninglessactivitiesthatoccupyyourtime.E．Hugminimalismandfocusonqualityoverquantity.F．Wemustadmitnotallrelationshipsareworthkeeping.G．Thus,you’llmakeroomformoreoptimismandpositive.二、完形填空(★★)Mysonjustturned14anddoesnothaveasmartphone.WhenhegraduatedfromGrade8,hewastheonlykidinhisclasswithoutone.Heasksforaphone______he’sgoingtohighschool.Isayno,heaskswhy,Iexplain,andhepushesback.“Youcanchoosetodothings______whenyou’reaparent,”Itoldhim.Sometimes,IwonderifI’mbeingtoostubbornorunfair.However,themoreresearchesIdo,themore______Ifeelinmydecision.Manystudies______thecurrentmentalhealthcrisisamongadolescentstofundamentalchangesinthe______fromin-persontoonlineinteraction.Butotherparents______myidea.“Hemustfeelsoleftout!”Thentherearetheparentswhotellmewith______thattheywishtheyhadputofftheirteenager’sphoneownershiplongerthantheydid.Theyurgemeto______.Ifteenagersbetweentheagesof13and18aretrulyspendinganaverageof8hours39minutesperdayontheirdevices,thenwhataretheynotdoing?Kids______intheirdevicesaremissingoutonreallife,andthatstrikesmeasreallysad.Iwantmysontohaveachildhoodhefeels______withandproudof.Iwantittobefullof______,imaginativeplayandphysicalchallengeswhichhemustsortouthimselfwithoutaskingformeatthepushofabutton.Theeasiestandsimplestwaytoachievethesegoalsisto______givinghimasmartphone.Somethinkmysonismissingoutorfallingbehind,butheisnot.Hedoeswellinschool,hangsoutwithhisfriendsinperson,andmoves______aroundoursmalltown.Heswearshe’llgivehisown14-yearoldaphonesomeday,andItellhimthat’sfine.Butrecently,headmittedthathe______thebeautifulsceneryonadrivetoanearbymountainbecausehehadbeensogluedtohisfriend’siPad.IfthatishisversionofadmittingI’m______I’lltakeit.21.A．onlyifB．nowthatC．asifD．eventhough22.A．slightlyB．similarlyC．differentlyD．officially23.A．confidentB．committedC．embarrassedD．unbelievable24.A．compareB．linkC．addD．prefer25.A．barrierB．boundaryC．stairD．shift26.A．challengeB．favorC．supportD．approve27.A．angerB．excitementC．happinessD．regret28.A．giveoutB．holdoutC．workoutD．takeout29.A．addictedB．absorbedC．devotedD．gifted30.A．connectedB．occupiedC．satisfiedD．tired31.A．adventuresB．argumentsC．conflictsD．distance32.A．considerB．delayC．permitD．prohibit33.A．desperatelyB．graduallyC．independentlyD．totally34.A．missedB．appreciatedC．imaginedD．polluted35.A．unfairB．wrongC．stubbornD．right三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.LouisCha(Chinese:ChaLeungYung;10March1924-30October2018),betterknownbyhispennameJinYong,wasaChinesewuxianovelistandessayist,36co-founded(共创)theHongKongdailynewspaperMingBaoin1959andservedas37(it)firsteditor-in-chief.HewasHongKong’smostfamouswriter.HismartialartsnovelshaveawidespreadfollowinginChinesecommunitiesworldwide.His15works38(write)between1955and1972earnedhimareputationasoneofthegreatestandmostpopularwuxiawritersever.Bythetimeofhisdeath,hewasthebest-sellingChineseauthor,andover100million39(copy)ofhisworkshavebeensoldworldwide.AccordingtoTheOxfordGuidetoContemporaryWorldLiterature,JinYong’sNovelsare40(high)evaluatedandareabletoappealtopeoplefromallwalksoflite.Hisworkshavetheunusualability41(go)beyondgeographicalandideologicalbarriersseparatingChinesecommunitiesoftheworld,thus42(achieve)greatersuccessthananyothercontemporarywriter.Todate,hisnovels43(translate)intomanylanguages,includingEnglish,French,Korean,Japanese,Vietnamese,Thai,Burmese,MalayandIndonesian.TherearemanyfansoutsideofChinese-speakingareas,as44resultofthenumerousadaptationsofhisworksintofilms,televisionseries,comicsandvideogames.Itisalsowidelyknownthattheasteroid(小行星)10930Jinyong(1998CR2)isnamed45him.(★★)46.The_________(injure)soliderdiedasaconsequenceofseverepaininthewar.(所给词的适当形式填空)(★★)47.DuringChineseNewYear,aballoonlong(theChinesepronunciationofdragon)measuringover40metersin_________(long)glidedthroughtheentrancehallofashoppingmall.(所给词的适当形式填空)(★★)48.Iwantedtoexplore_________(variety)partsofEurope,immersingmyselfinitshistory,architecture,andculture.(所给词的适当形式填空)(★★)49.Chinahasalreadyliftedabout800millionpeopleoutofextreme_________(poor)withinashortspanoffourdecades.(所给词的适当形式填空)(★★)50.Toexpandoverseasmarkets,anationshouldensurenationalfinancialsecuritybeforepro