福建省泉州市2024届高中毕业班下学期质量监测英语试卷（含答案）

福建省泉州市2024届高中毕业班下学期质量监测（三）英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。阅读理解TeachingEnglishasaSecondLanguage(TESL)Forthisprogram,you'llneedtoapplytotheFacultyofEducationofMcGillUniversity.OverviewThisenrichingprogram(BachelorofEducation,orB.Ed.)willprepareyoutobecomeaspecialisteducatorofEnglishasaSecondLanguage(ESL)atboththeelementaryandsecondaryschoollevels.Youwillgraduatewiththetheoreticalandpracticalexperiencenecessaryinyourfuturecareer.ProgramRequirementsThisprogramrequires120creditsandleadstoteachercertification.Studentsnormallycomplete30creditsintheirFreshman(U0)year.InconsultationwiththeProgramAdviser,studentsmayselectcoursesfromtherecommendedcourselistorothercourses.CoursesAsaTESLstudent,youcantakecourseslike:EDEM220-ContemporaryIssuesinEducation(3credits)EDFE209-FirstFieldExperience(TESL)(2credits)EDFE359-ThirdFieldExperience(TESL)(8credits)EDFE459-FourthFieldExperience(TESL)(7credits)Tolearnmoreaboutthecourses,clickhere.CareersOnceyoucompletethisundergraduatedegree,youwillbequalifiedtoteachinESLinelementaryandsecondaryschoolsorworkinoccupationsthatfocusoneducation,communityprogramming,educationaltechnology,curriculum(课程)development,andadministration.Youcouldbecomeaprofessional:ESLTeacher,ElementaryorSecondarySchoolAdultLiteracyInstructorEducationalTechnologyDeveloperCurriculumSpecialistAnnualfeesfor(CAN$)30creditsfor2023-2024TuitionFee(学费)25484.70CopyrightFee32.70Society&OtherFees591.58InformationTechnologyCharge279.60StudentServices/Athletics&Recreation715.82SSMUDentalInsurance*150.00Registration/Transcripts&Diploma/GeneralAdministrativeCharges39398InternationalHealthInsurance*951.00TotalFees:28599.38*SSMUDentalInsuranceandInternationalHealthInsurancechargedonceayear.1．Whichcourseprovidesthehighestcreditscore?A．EDEM220. B．EDFE209. C．EDFE359. D．EDFE459.2．Howmuchshouldafreshmanpayforthetuition?A．CAN$849.49. B．CAN$3114.68.C．CAN$25484.70. D．CAN$28599.38.3．Whocanbethemostpotentialapplicantofthisprogram?A．AstudentseekingforadegreeinKindergartenEducation.B．AstudentexpectingtoteachEnglishinprimaryschool.C．Astudenthopingforacareerasahealthinstructor.D．Astudentplanningtospecialiseinscienceexploration.阅读理解BruceCampbell,aretiredelectricalengineer,wantedtochangethebehaviorofmankindbyshowinghowwecanrecycleoldthingsintonewandpracticalandlivableones.Forabout$220,000,hepurchasedaGreekairliner—aBoeing727-400—thatloggedabout40,000flightsinitspeak.BeforeCampbellgothishandsonhisBoeing727andtransformeditintotheairplanehomehelivesin,thisaircraftsawregularuseasittransportedallkindsofpeopletoallsortsofdestinations.Afterthesuccessfultransform,hehostedabigDJdancepartywithacoupleoffriends.Theparty,calledTurbulence:ADancePartyata727intheWoods,happenedrightonthewing!Guestswhoattendedthepartyalsogottheopportunitytotakealookattheairplanehome.Overall,theygottheattentionof14,000Facebookuserswhowereinterestedinwhatsoundedlikeanincredibleparty.Thistalentedengineergotanotherairlinerandstartedonhissecondairplanehomeduringthebeginningof2018ontheKyushuIslandcoastbecausehewantedittoserveasasafeplaceforthelocalcommunityaswell.PartofBruceCampbell'svisionwastomakeanairlinerthatdoubledasalifeboatincasetsunami(海啸)threatswereissued.Hewantedthegeneralpublictofindoutthatplanesarecapableofsurvivinghundredsofyearsandthecruelestweatherconditionsthankstoitssealedpressuretechnology.Campbelladoredtheexcitementthathereceivedwhenherecycledairplanesandhopedthatpeoplewouldseriouslyconsideritaftertheygotthechancetoseehishomeduringtoursandevents.Hehaspostedonhiswebsitethatitishisgoalto"inspirearenaissance(复兴)ofthoughtabouthowtoemploythisremarkableresource".4．WhatdrewwidepublicattentiontoCampbell'sfirsttransformedplane?A．Itshighresidentialcomfortlevel.B．Itsremarkabletransportingcapacity.C．Theincrediblyhightransformationcost.D．TheFacebookpostofapartyheldonit.5．WhatdidCampbellthinkthesecondplanecouldserveas?A．Atsunamiwarningcenter.B．Ameetingplaceforlocalcommunity.C．Atemporaryshelterindisasters.D．Anengineeringworkshop.6．WhydidCampbelltransformtheplanes?A．Todirectattentiontohousingproblems.B．Tosatisfyhisscientificcuriosity.C．Toadvocateagreenerlifestyle.D．Tocallforparticipationinrecycling.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Aformerengineerturningretiredplanesintohome.B．Recenttrendsofrenaissance-themeddecoration.C．Atalentedhomedesignerreceivingonlinefame.D．Diverseapproachesforsustainableliving.阅读理解Fivetimesstrongerthansteel,spidersilk'suniquequalitieswererecognisedbytheAncientGreeks-andmorerecently,scientistshavelookedatapplicationsfrommedicinetoengineering.Now,oneJapanesestartup,Spiber,isexploringhowspiderwebscouldtransformtheclothingindustry.Thebiotechcompanystartedbymakingaspider-silk-likematerialinthelabandhassinceexpandeditsfabricrangetoincludemoresustainablealternativestowoolandcashmere,saysKenjiHigashi,headofbusinessdevelopmentatSpiber.Spiderscreatewebsbygivingoutliquidproteinthatwilllaterchangeintosilk.KazuhideSekiyamaandJunichiSugahara,Spiber'sfounders,decidedtocreateamaterialthatisidenticaltospidersilk.Theystudied"thousandsofdifferentspiderspecies,"aswellasothersilk-producingspecies,andcollectedadatabaseofsilkvarieties.Havingsuccessfullyproducedthespidersilkalternative,theteamwentontodeveloparangeoffabricsbychangingtheproteinorder.Spiber'sfibersaremadebyfermenting(发酵)water,sugarandnutrientswithspeciallymodifiedmicrobes(改良微生物)insteeltankstoproduceproteinpolymerstobemadeintoafiber.Later,theteamdiscoveredthatthespidersilkalternativeshrinks(收缩)whenwet,sotheymodifiedtheproteintogetafiberwithdesirableproperties,suchaswaterproofandincreasedstrength,whichissuitableforanoutdoorjacket.Fashionisoneofthemostpollutingindustriesintheworld.Itproducesaround2.1billionmetrictonsofCO2everyyear.HigashisaysSpiber'sbiodegradableproductsarepredictedtogeneratejustone-fifthofthecarbonemissionsofanimal-basedfibersoncetheyareinmassproduction.Anditisnowdevelopingaprocessthatwilltransformabandonedclothesmadefromnaturalmaterialslikecottonintothesugarsneededforfermentation.Currentlytryingtoexpanditsproductionandgettingreadyforafullcommerciallaunchofitsproducts,Spiberhopesitstechnologywillhelpto"solvesomeofthebigglobalchallengesthatwe'refacing,"saysHigashi.8．WhatisaprimarypurposeofSpiber'sresearchinthelab?A．Todevelopnewapplicationsofspidersilk.B．Toinventareplacementforspidersilk.C．Totransformthestructureofspidersilk.D．Tostudysilk-producingspiderspecies.9．Howdidtheteamaddresstheshrinkingproblem?A．Byadaptingtheprotein. B．Bydiversifyingmicrobes.C．Bywettingthefiber. D．Bylengtheningfermentingtime.10．WhatcanbestdescribeSpiber'sproducts?A．Fancyandstylish.B．Costlyyetprofitable.C．Strongandsustainable.D．Lightweightyetresource-consuming.11．Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A．ThepracticalapplicationofSpiber'sproducts.B．TheenvironmentalvalueofSpiber'sproducts.C．ThetechnicalchallengesofSpiber'sproducts.D．ThepotentialmarketsofSpiber'sproducts.阅读理解Anewstudyon26chimpanzees(黑猩猩)fromzoosaroundtheworldfoundthatchimpanzeescanrecognisefamilymembersandlonglostfriendsevenafterdecadesofseparation.Theparticipatingchimpanzeesweregivenjuicewhilestaringatascreenflashingsidebysidephotosofotherchimps.Oneanimalfromeachpairofphotoshadlivedwiththegroupforatleastayear,whiletheotherwasastranger.Aneye-trackingcamerarecordedwheretheparticipantswerelookingandforhowlong.Datashowedtheireyesrestedlongeronfamiliargroupmates,suggesting"richrecognitionofeachother."Thereisalsoevidencethattheybecamemoreintentwhenshownapictureofachimpanzeewithwhomthey'dhadmorepositiveinteractions,comparedwithconflictingrelationships.Inthemostimpressivecase,a46-year-oldchimpanzeenamedLouiserepeatedlydemonstrated"intense"attentionuponseeingphotographsofhersisterLorettaandnephewErin,whomshehadn'tseeninmorethan26years.TheteamsaidLouise'sresultsrepresentthelongest-lastingsocialmemorydocumentedinanynon-humananimaltodate."Wetendtoseeourselvesasuniquespecialcreatureswithincredibleintellectual(智力的)capacitiesthatareverydifferentfromotheranimalsonearth,"saidLauraSimoneLewis,apostdoctoralfellowinBerkeley'spsychologydepartmentandleadauthorofthestudy."Thisstudyisshowingushowsimilarwearetochimpanzees."Shenotedthatthefindingssupportthetheorythatlong-termsocialmemoryinhumansandmoderndaychimpshascomefrom"ourlastcommonancestorthatlivedsomewherebetween5to7millionyearsago"whoalsolikelyhadlong-termsocialmemory.Nowthattheyhavedefinitiveevidencethattheseendangeredspeciespossesslong-termsocialmemories,researchershavemorequestions,includingwhetherchimpanzeesmisstheindividualsthey'renolongerwith,especiallytheirfriendsandfamily."Ourstudydoesn'tdeterminetheyaredoingthis,butitraisesquestionsaboutthepossibilitythattheymayhavetheabilitytodoso,"Lewissaid.12．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Thenatureofchimps.B．Themethodofthestudy.C．Theanalysisoftherecordeddata.D．Thelayoutofexperimentalequipment.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"intent"inparagraph3mean?A．Attentive. B．Doubtful. C．Hesitant. D．Emotional.14．WhyistheexampleofLouiseinparagraph4mentioned?A．Tostresschimpsareasintelligentashumanbeings.B．Toexplainwherechimps'socialmemorycomesfrom.C．Tobetterdemonstratethechimps'memorylength.D．Tofurtherprovetheexistenceofchimps'socialmemory.15．Whatwilltheresearchteammostprobablycontinuetoexplore?A．Whetherchimpsfeelstrongemotionstotheirlonglostfriends.B．Howtostrengthenchimps'long-termsocialmemories.C．Howchimpsrecognisedtheirclosecontactsafterlongseparation.D．Whychimpspossesstheamazingsocialmemories.二、第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nappingduringthedayisanancientcustomthatispracticedworldwide.Shortnaps,whichlastfrom20to30minutesattherighttime,canbenefitvitalityandoverallhealthincountlessways.Shortnapscanboostmentalfunctioningandmemory,aswellasimprovevitality,attentionandreactiontime.16．Becausenappingseemstoimprovecreativethinking,somecompanieshaveattemptedtointroducenappingrooms.What'smore,itappearsthebrainusesnaptimetoprocessinformationgatheredthroughouttheday.17．Astudyrevealedthatshortnapsalsohelpedpeoplebecomemoreconfidentandsensible,whichresultedinbetterfocusandefficiencyatwork.Nappingmayalsoleadtoanimprovedabilitytolearnnewskills,suchasagolfswing.Thisisbecausethesememoriesorskillsarestrengthenedinthebrainduringsleep.18．Studiesshowthatmoreconsistentsleepwillhelplower"fightorflight"chemicalsinourbodies.Asaresult,ourbloodpressureandheartratesarenormalized.Nappingappearstohelpthisprocessforsomepeople.19．Oneconditionassociatedwithnappinglongerthan30minutesissleepinertia(睡后迟钝).Thiscanharmcognitivefunctionfromseveralminutesuptohalfanhour.Longorlateafternoonnapscanleadtodifficultiesfallingasleepduringthenight.20．So,tomaximizebenefitswhilereducingrisks,pleasekeepnapsshortintheearlyafternoontoavoidsleepinertiaandnighttimesleepdisruptions.A.Butnappingcancomewithdrawbacksaswell.B.Thereasonforthisphenomenonismostlyunknown.C.Therefore,thatappearstoenhanceproblem-solvingabilities.D.Shortnapsarealsolinkedtoincreasedproductivityandcreativity.E.Nappingcanalsobeassociatedwithareducedriskofheartdiseases.F.Nappingshouldnotserveasanalternativeforenoughnighttimerest.G.Besidesforthoseaged60andup,longernapsmayincreasetheriskforheartdiseases.三、第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GrannyfellillbeforeValentine'sDay.Shehadto21．ourplannedzootrip,whichshehadbeen22．."Remembertosayhitothemonkeysforme,"Granny23．usupbeforeweleft.Wedidgoandhavefun,butIkept24．Grannycouldhavebeenwithus.Texspottedsome25．andsuggestedtakingapictureinfrontofthem.Whilewesaid,"Cheese,"Indiaccidentallysaid,"HappyValentine'sDay,Granny!"Thisslipofthetongue(舌头)remindedme.I26．takingpicturesofdifferentanimalsand27．themintoazoovalentineforGranny.Everyonelovedthat.Athome,we28．outtheprintedpicturesonthetable.Sinceitwas29．tofitsomanypicturesontoaheart-shapedcard,we30．tocreateawholebunchofvalentines,eachcardrepresentingananimal.31．,ourprintdidn'thavecolorink,sowe32．theblack-and-whitepictureswithmarkersandmadespeechballoonsfortheanimals.Whenweweredone,Imadeacoupleof33．onthecardsandtiedthemtogethertomakeabook.Ittookforevertofinish,butitturnedout34．."Oh,youlittlesweetpotatoes!"Grannysmiledwhenwegaveherour35．."Yousuredidturnthislady'sfrown(眉头)upsidedown!Iloveyousomuch."21．A．cancel B．miss C．arrange D．ruin22．A．hearingof B．approvingofC．longingfor D．seekingfor23．A．cheered B．picked C．connected D．woke24．A．demanding B．insisting C．imagining D．wishing25．A．cards B．tourists C．balloons D．monkeys26．A．proposed B．denied C．inquired D．permitted27．A．dividing B．grouping C．turning D．carving28．A．sold B．spread C．counted D．handed29．A．extraordinary B．impossibleC．essential D．meaningless30．A．continued B．anticipated C．decided D．claimed31．A．Unfortunately B．UltimatelyC．Gradually D．Apparently32．A．associated B．displayed C．illustrated D．colored33．A．notes B．symbols C．holes D．marks34．A．noble B．great C．enormous D．classical35．A．creation B．assumption C．devotion D．invitation四、第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Twoyearsago,SongFei'smusclepainwasgettingworse,despiteyearsofgymexercise.Amonthafter36．(practise)taijiquan,however,thepainsthathadbeenbotheringherwereslowlyrelieved.Song,29,aShanghai-basedfitnessvlogger(视频博主),hasbeensharingherchangesafterlearningtaijiquan37．lifestyle-sharingplatformXiaohongshu.Besidesperformingiteachmorning,shealsointegrates38．(element)oftheChinesemartialartintoherfitnesscourses.China'staijiquanhasbecome39．(increasing)popularasaformofmind-bodyexerciseandstressreduction.LikeSong,moreyoungpeopleareinheriting(继承)anddevelopingwaystointegratethemartialartinto40．(variety)lifestyleapplications.MasterLiGuangjin,whocreatedhisownstyleoftaijiquan,emphasizes41．importanceofmaintaininghealth,combat(格斗),andrelaxationthroughtaijiquanpractice.VisualdesignerLinXiaoxuehasalsoexperiencedphysicalandmentalbenefitssinceshepickeduptaijiquan.Shehasdesignedsomevisualworks42．(inspire)bytaijiquan.Additionally,taijiquanhasinfluencedotherfitnesspractices,suchasChiRunning,43．combinestaichitechniqueswithrunning44．(promote)injurypreventionandmindfulness.Thisintegrationoftraditionalwisdomintomodernlifestyles45．(reflect)agrowinginterestinunderstandingthedeepermeaningoflifethroughtaijiquanandrelatedpractices.五、第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分46．假定你是李华，请给你校交换生James写一封信，告知他泉州市正向外国友人开展题为"QuanzhouinMyEyes"的短视频征集活动以宣传推介"世遗泉州文化"，内容包括：1.活动介绍；2.视频要求；3.鼓励参加。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；3.参考词汇：世遗泉州文化theUNESCOWorldHeritagecultureofQuanzhouDearJames,Yourssincerely,LiHua六、第二节(满分25分47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Sometimesthingsdon'tgoasplannedbutthatdoesn'tmeantheycan'tstillbewonderfulintheirownway.MyparentsandIhadspentforeverresearchingsummercampsonline.Finally,wepickedoutonewhereIcoulddesigngames,animate(制作动画)characters,andlearnothercoolcoding(编程)stuff.Mymomsaid,"Iliketheideaofyouexercisingthatcleverbrainofyours.ButIalsowantyoutogetplentyoffreshair.""Camperscanchoosetohikeorswimeveryafternoon!"Isaid,asIclickedontheregistrationform.Mydadfilledouttheform,andweekslater,myparentsdroppedmeoffforwhatIthoughtwouldbeaweekofnonstopcomputer-codingfun.Iarrivedatthecheck-intableatthesametimeasacamperofmyagenamedHalley,whowaswearinganadorablesunhat.Halleygreeted,"Weareinthesamegroup-number7."Ledbyanadvisor,wefollowedthegreenarrowstothecampsite.Isurprisedlyfoundthatitwassocoolandwoodsyalongthepath.IexchangedideaswithHalleyaboutwhatmightcomeoutofthecamp.Halleyexcitedlymentionedthelittleanimalshelovedtoobserveandsomethingaboutnightskywatching."Yougavemethebestidea,"Isaid."I'llbasemycharactersontheanimalsyoumentioned!"Halleylaughed."Imightbemissingsomethinghere.Whoarethesemysteriouscharacters?""Youknow,thecharacterswe'llbedesigningandanimatingoncomputersthisweek!"Isaid."Uh,sorry.Stilllost,"saidHalley."WhywouldwebedoingcomputerstuffatNatureCamp?"ItwasthenthatIrealisedsomeerrorsmusthavebeenmade.Imusthaveaccidentallyclickedonthewrongonlineform!WeimmediatelyracedbacktothewelcometabletoseeifIcouldswitchovertoTechCamp,butofcourseitwascompletelyfull.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Iforcedasmileasweheadedforourcampsite."OK,I'llhaveatry,"IlookedatHalleythankfully.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．C3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了TESL课程的相关信息。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据Courses部分中的"EDFE359-ThirdFieldExperience(TESL)(8credits)"可知，该课程有8个学分，为最高的学分，故选C。2．考查细节理解。根据Annualfeesfor(CAN$)30creditsfor2023-2024部分中的"TuitionFee(学费)25484.70"学费25484.70，可知，大一新生需支付25484.70加元的学费，故选C。3．考查推理判断。根据Careers部分中的"Onceyoucompletethisundergraduatedegree,youwillbequalifiedtoteachinESLinelementaryandsecondaryschoolsorworkinoccupationsthatfocusoneducation,communityprogramming,educationaltechnology,curriculum(课程)development,andadministration."一旦你完成这个本科学位，你将有资格在小学和中学教授ESL，或者在教育、社区规划、教育技术、课程开发和管理方面工作；以及"Youcouldbecomeaprofessional:ESLTeacher,ElementaryorSecondarySchool"你可以成为一名专业人士：小学或中学ESL教师。可知，期望在小学教英语的学生最有可能会申请该课程，故选B。【答案】4．D5．C6．D7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位退休的电气工程师BruceCampbell把旧飞机改造成家的故事。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第三段"Afterthesuccessfultransform,hehostedabigDJdancepartywithacoupleoffriends.Theparty,calledTurbulence:ADancePartyata727intheWoods,happenedrightonthewing!Guestswhoattendedthepartyalsogottheopportunitytotakealookattheairplanehome.Overall,theygottheattentionof14,000Facebookuserswhowereinterestedinwhatsoundedlikeanincredibleparty."改造成功后，他和几个朋友举办了一场大型DJ舞会。这场名为ADancePartyata727intheWoods的派对就发生在机翼上！参加派对的客人也有机会看到飞机回家。总的来说，他们得到了1.4万名Facebook用户的关注，他们对这场听起来不可思议的派对感兴趣。可知，Facebook上举办派对的帖子吸引了公众对Campbell第一架改装飞机的广泛关注，故选D。5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Thistalentedengineergotanotherairlinerandstartedonhissecondairplanehomeduringthebeginningof2018ontheKyushuIslandcoastbecausehewantedittoserveasasafeplaceforthelocalcommunityaswell.PartofBruceCampbell'svisionwastomakeanairlinerthatdoubledasalifeboatincasetsunami(海啸)threatswereissued."这位才华横溢的工程师在2018年初在九州岛海岸买了另一架飞机，开始了他的第二架飞机之家，因为他希望它也能成为当地社区的一个安全的地方。BruceCampbell的部分设想是制造一架客机，在海啸威胁发出时，它可以兼作救生艇。可知，Campbell认为第二架飞机可以用作灾难中的临时避难所，故选C。6．考查细节理解。根据第一段"BruceCampbell,aretiredelectricalengineer,wantedtochangethebehaviorofmankindbyshowinghowwecanrecycleoldthingsintonewandpractical-andlivableones."BruceCampbell是一位退休的电气工程师，他想通过展示我们如何把旧的东西回收利用成新的、实用的、宜居的东西来改变人类的行为；以及最后一段"Campbelladoredtheexcitementthathereceivedwhenherecycledairplanesandhopedthatpeoplewouldseriouslyconsideritaftertheygotthechancetoseehishomeduringtoursandevents.Hehaspostedonhiswebsitethatitishisgoalto‘inspirearenaissance(复兴)ofthoughtabouthowtoemploythisremarkableresource'."Campbell很喜欢回收飞机所带来的兴奋感，他希望人们在参观和活动期间有机会看到他的家后，会认真考虑这件事。他在自己的网站上表示，他的目标是‘激发人们对如何利用这一非凡资源的思考复兴'。可知，Campbell改造飞机是为了呼吁市民参与循环再造。故选D。7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"BruceCampbell,aretiredelectricalengineer,wantedtochangethebehaviorofmankindbyshowinghowwecanrecycleoldthingsintonewandpractical-andlivableones."BruceCampbell是一位退休的电气工程师，他想通过展示我们如何把旧的东西回收利用成新的、实用的、宜居的东西来改变人类的行为。可知，文章主要介绍了一位退休的电气工程师BruceCampbell把旧飞机改造成家的故事，"一位前工程师把退役的飞机变成了家"能够总结文章大意，故选A。【答案】8．B9．A10．C11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本初创公司Spiberi正在研究如何利用蜘蛛网改变服装行业。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Now,oneJapanesestartup,Spiber,isexploringhowspiderwebscouldtransformtheclothingindustry.Thebiotechcompanystartedbymakingaspider-silk-likematerialinthelabandhassinceexpandeditsfabricrangetoincludemoresustainablealternativestowoolandcashmere,saysKenjiHigashi,headofbusinessdevelopmentatSpiber."现在，一家名为Spiber的日本初创公司正在探索蜘蛛网如何改变服装行业。这家生物技术公司最初是在实验室里制造一种类似蜘蛛丝的材料，后来扩大了面料范围，加入了羊毛和羊绒以外更可持续的替代品，Spiber的业务发展主管KenjiHigashi说。可知，Spiber实验室正在探索蜘蛛网如何改变服装行业。在实验室里制造一种类似蜘蛛丝的材料，后来扩大了面料范围，加入了羊毛和羊绒以外更可持续的替代品，可知，研究的主要目的是发明蜘蛛丝的替代品。故选B。9．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Later,theteamdiscoveredthatthespidersilkalternativeshrinks(收缩)whenwet,sotheymodifiedtheproteintogetafiberwithdesirableproperties,suchaswaterproofandincreasedstrength,whichissuitableforanoutdoorjacket."后来，研究小组发现，蜘蛛丝替代品在受湿时会收缩，因此他们对这种蛋白质进行了改性，得到了一种具有理想性能的纤维，比如防水和增强的强度，适用于户外夹克。可知，在发现蜘蛛丝替代品受湿时会收缩，研究小组对这种蛋白质进行了改性，即调整了蛋白质。故选A。10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Later,theteamdiscoveredthatthespidersilkalternativeshrinks(收缩)whenwet,sotheymodifiedtheproteintogetafiberwithdesirableproperties,suchaswaterproofandincreasedstrength,whichissuitableforanoutdoorjacket."后来，研究小组发现，蜘蛛丝替代品在受湿时会收缩，因此他们对这种蛋白质进行了改性，得到了一种具有理想性能的纤维，比如防水和增强的强度，适用于户外夹克。可知，在研究小组对蛋白质改性后，得到了一种具有理想性能的纤维，比如防水和增强的强度。即Spiber产品的强度高；以及倒数第二段中的"HigashisaysSpiber'sbiodegradableproductsarepredictedtogeneratejustone-fifthofthecarbonemissionsofanimal-basedfibersoncetheyareinmassproduction.Anditisnowdevelopingaprocessthatwilltransformabandonedclothesmadefromnaturalmaterialslikecottonintothesugarsneededforfermentation."Higashi说，Spiber的可生物降解产品一旦大规模生产，预计产生的碳排放量仅为动物纤维的五分之一。该公司目前正在开发一种工艺，将废弃的棉花等天然材料制成的衣服转化为发酵所需的糖。可知，在Higashi看来，Spiber的可生物降解产品一旦大规模生产，预计产生的碳排放量仅为动物纤维的五分之一。可推知，Spiber产品是环保的，即可持续的。故选C。11．考查段落大意。根据倒数第二段"Fashionisoneofthemostpollutingindustriesintheworld.Itproducesaround2.1billionmetrictonsofCO2everyyear.HigashisaysSpiber'sbiodegradableproductsarepredictedtogeneratejustone-fifthofthecarbonemissionsofanimal-basedfibersoncetheyareinmassproduction.Anditisnowdevelopingaprocessthatwilltransformabandonedclothesmadefromnaturalmaterialslikecottonintothesugarsneededforfermentation."时装业是世界上污染最严重的行业之一。它每年产生大约21亿吨二氧化碳。Higashi说，Spiber的可生物降解产品一旦大规模生产，预计产生的碳排放量仅为动物纤维的五分之一。该公司目前正在开发一种工艺，将废弃的棉花等天然材料制成的衣服转化为发酵所需的糖；以及最后一段"Currentlytryingtoexpanditsproductionandgettingreadyforafullcommerciallaunchofitsproducts,Spiberhopesitstechnologywillhelpto‘solvesomeofthebigglobalchallengesthatwe'refacing,'saysHigashi."目前，Spiber正在努力扩大生产，并为其产品的全面商业发布做好准备，Higashi说，Spiber希望其技术能够帮助"解决我们面临的一些重大全球挑战。"提到了Spiber的可生物降解产品一旦大规模生产，预计产生的碳排放量仅为动物纤维的五分之一。说明其产品的出现将会化解时装业带给环境的污染问题。同时，Higashi说，Spiber希望其技术能够帮助"解决我们面临的一些重大全球挑战。"可推知，两段内容重在强调Spiber的可生物降解产品的环境价值。故选B。【答案】12．B13．A14．D15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现，来自世界各地的动物园的26只黑猩猩可以在分开数十年后仍然认出家庭成员和久违的朋友。研究人员表示，这些结果支持了长期社会记忆在人类和现代黑猩猩中的理论，这可能来自于我们在500万年到700万年前的共同祖先。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查段落大意。根据第二段"Theparticipatingchimpanzeesweregivenjuicewhilestaringatascreenflashingsidebysidephotosofotherchimps.Oneanimalfromeachpairofphotoshadlivedwiththegroupforatleastayear,whiletheotherwasastranger.Aneye-trackingcamerarecordedwheretheparticipantswerelookingandforhowlong.Datashowedtheireyesrestedlongeronfamiliargroupmates,suggesting‘richrecognitionofeachother.'"参与实验的黑猩猩一边喝果汁，一边盯着屏幕，屏幕上并排闪现着其他黑猩猩的照片。每对照片中的一只动物与这群动物一起生活了至少一年，而另一只则是陌生人。眼球追踪摄像机记录了参与者看的地方和看了多久。数据显示，它们的目光停留在熟悉的同伴身上的时间更长，这表明"彼此之间有丰富的认同感"可知，本段主要介绍了实验的具体方法。故选B。13．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"Inthemostimpressivecase,a46-year-oldchimpanzeenamedLouiserepeatedlydemonstrated‘intense'attentionuponseeingphotographsofhersisterLorettaandnephewErin,whomshehadn'tseeninmorethan26years."在最令人印象深刻的案例中，一只名叫路易丝的46岁黑猩猩在看到她的妹妹洛丽塔和侄子艾琳的照片时反复表现出"强烈"的关注，她已经26年没有见过他们了；以及"theybecamemoreintentwhenshownapictureofachimpanzeewithwhomthey'dhadmorepositiveinteractions,comparedwithconflictingrelationships"当它们看到与他们有过更多积极互动的黑猩猩的照片时，与冲突关系相比，他们变得更加专注。可知，当46岁黑猩猩在看到她的妹妹洛丽塔和侄子艾琳的照片时反复表现出"强烈"的关注，这里妹妹洛丽塔和侄子艾琳与46岁黑猩猩为亲属，不存在冲突关系，所以46岁黑猩猩看到亲人时是专注的，可推测划线词intent的含义为"专注的"，故选A。14．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"TheteamsaidLouise'sresultsrepresentthelongest-lastingsocialmemorydocumentedinanynon-humananimaltodate."研究小组表示，路易斯的结果代表了迄今为止在任何非人类动物中记录的持续时间最长的社会记忆。可知，路易斯的结果代表了迄今为止在任何非人类动物中记录的持续时间最长的社会记忆。因而，此处提到路易斯的例子是为了进一步证明黑猩猩的社会记忆是存在的。故选D。15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"researchershavemorequestions,includingwhetherchimpanzeesmisstheindividualsthey'renolongerwith,especiallytheirfriendsandfamily.‘Ourstudydoesn'tdeterminetheyaredoingthis,butitraisesquestionsaboutthepossibilitythattheymayhavetheabil