河南省许昌市魏都区许昌重点中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题（含答案）

河南省许昌市魏都区许昌重点中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题一、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）Humansarealwaysexploringnewwaystofeel,lookandlivebetter.Aswitheverythingelseinlife,ourapproachtokeepingfitandhealthyhaschangedovertime.Herearefouriconicfitnesstrendsthroughthedecades.Aerobics—1970sAerobicstookofftoimprovethecardiovascular(心血管)systeminafunwayanddancemoveswerecombinedwithfitnessmovements,suchaslegraisesandmarchinginplace.Aerobicsinspiredmanydifferentspin-offsfromdanceandstepaerobics,toevenwater-basedclasses,allsettomusic.Spinning—1990sSpinninglaunchedcyclingrevolutioninthe1990swhichcontinuestothisday,thankstobig-namegymswhichhavemadecyclingonfixedbikesapartyforparticipants.Colorchanginglights,high-energymusicandenthusiasticinstructorshaveturnedspinclassesintoalivelygroupactivitywhichhasattractedfansaroundtheworld.CrossFit—2000sCrossFithasbeenateamfavoriteinthefitnessscenesincethe2000s.Theactivityiscompetitiveyetshared,withscoresbeingtrackedonaboard.Classestypicallylastanhourorless,makingeachsessionanintense(强度的)andtime-efficientworkoutwhichmanyareabletofitintotheirbusyschedules.HIIT—2020sHIIT,whichstandsforHighIntensityIntervalTraining,hasgainedpopularityrecently,alongwiththeriseofhomeworkouts.Exercises,doneinshort,intensebursts,aimtobuildstrengthandendurance.Itcanbedonethroughfreeonlineclasseswithoutanyequipment,makingitanaffordableworkoutathome.1．Whichsportismixedwithdance?A．Aerobics. B．Spinning. C．CrossFit. D．HIIT.2．WhatdoSpinningandCrossFithaveincommon?A．Theylastforashorttime.B．Theycanbegroupactivities.C．Theyneedlightsandmusic.D．Theyarebothcompetitivesports.3．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheHIIT?A．Gracefulandintense. B．Economicalandconvenient.C．Energeticandtechnical. D．Interestingandrelaxing.阅读理解PuffinBooks,thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirehoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas"fat"and"ugly"inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders.AlthoughthepublisherarguedthattheyweremeanttoallowDahl'shookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyalltoday,manypeoplewerestillangeredbythepractice.BookerPrize-winningauthorSalmanRushdiewasamongthosewhoreactedangrilytotherewritingofDahl'swords.Hesaidthat"it'simportantthatworksofliteraturearepreserved",notedSkyNews.AccordingtoTheConversation,"children'sliteratureimplicitly（潜移默化地）shapesthemindsofchildreadersbypresentingparticularsocialandculturevalues.Childrencanbeintiuencedeasilytoworkswhichcanshapethewaytheygrowupandunderstandtheworld."Personally,Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworldaroundthem.Itisthejobofteachers,parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthatbooksareproductsoftheirtimesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeirownflaws（缺点）.Afterall,justasSuzanneNossel,CEOofPENAmerica,anonprofitorganizationthatprotectswritersandfreedomofexpression,wroteonherTwitter,"Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinsteadofallowingreaderstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten,weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliteratureoffers."Withthiskindofunderstandinginmind,wecanprovidechildrenwiththetoolstojudgeandsortoutwhattheyread.Thisisaskillneedednowmorethaneverinatimeof"fakenews"andtherapidspreadofdisinformation（虚假消息）.4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thepractice"inparagraph2referto?A．PuffinBookschangedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahl'sstories.B．PuffinBooksremovedsomerudewordsfromRoaldDahl'sstories.C．PuffinBookspreservedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahl'sstories.D．PuffinBooksallowedDahl'sbookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyall.5．WhichofthefollowingwouldSuzanneNosselmostprobablyagreewith?A．Parentsandteacherareresponsibletohelpchildrenunderstandtheclassics.B．Thechangetothegreatworkswillmakethemmoreattractive.C．Childrencanbeinfluencedbythebookstheyread.D．Greatworksshouldbepreservedaswritten.6．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotherewritingofDahl'sworks?A．Objective. B．Concerned C．Supportive. D．Critical.7．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RoaldDahl'sClassicChildren'sBooksB．Children'sBooks:UptoDateC．GreatWorks:ToRewriteorNotD．BringGreatBooksforChildren阅读理解Depression(抑郁)canbeadestructiveillness,plaguingmillionsofpeopleworldwidewithfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,andfatigue.Despitenumerousantidepressantdrugs,asmanyasathirdofpatientsdon'trespondtomedication.Thishasforceddoctorstobemorecreativeinfindingdifferenttreatmentsforthecondition.Inthepasttwodecades,researchershavetieddepressiontoaseeminglyunrelatedcondition:inflammation(炎症),thebody'snaturalresponsetostress.Itcouldrisefrominjuryorinflection,orevenemotionalissueslikeanunhappymarriageorproblemsatwork.Someamountofinflammationisgenerallybeneficial,asitincreasesproductionofcytokines(致癌因子)，proteinsthathelpushealandprotectusfromtheeffectsofoverwork.Butexcessivecytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggeststhathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression.Cytokinescanreachthebrainseveralways:directlythroughtheblood-brainbarrierorindirectlybybindingtonervefiberselsewhere,whichsendsignalstothebraintoproducetheinflammationmolecules.Inthebrain,cytokinescandisturbtheproductionandreleaseofseveralimportantsignalingchemicals,includingserotonin,dopamineandglutamate,whichhelpcontrolemotion,appetite,sleep,learningandmemory.It'sthoughtthatalackofserotoninactivityinthebraincausesdepression;mostantidepressantsincreasetheactivity.Butcytokinesalsohavebeenshowntoactivatestresshormonesignalinginthebrain,whichmayalsoservetodevelopdepression.Withalltheevidenceimplicatinginflammationindepression,doctorshavebeenanxioustotestanti-inflammatorydrugsasapotentialtreatment.Foursmallstudiespublishedbetween2006and2017byresearchgroupsinEuropeandIranfoundthatadultsdiagnosedwithdepressionwhotookaspirinoranotheranti-inflammatorydrugcalledCelecoxib,alongwithanantidepressant,gotmorerelieffromfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,guiltandfatiguecomparedwiththosetakinganantidepressantalone.However,AndrewMiller,aprofessorofpsychiatryatEmoryUniversity,thoughtsomethingwaswronginthesesmall,limitedstudies.Noneofthemlookedatwhethertheparticipantshadhighlevelsofcytokinesbeforethey'dseeabenefitfromanti-inflammatorydrugs."Unfortunately,muchofthefieldhasfallenintothetrapofviewinginflammationasthebe-all,end-all,"Millersays.Heandhiscolleagueswantedtoseewhethertheeffectofthesedrugswaslimitedtothedepressionpatientswithhighcytokinelevels,orifithelpedallpeoplediagnosedwithdepression.8．Whichofthefollowingillustratedhowdepressionisdeveloped?A．stress→overwork→inflammation→depressionB．inflammation→infection→stress→depressionC．cytokine→stress→infection→depressionD．infection→inflammation→cytokine→depression9．Theunderlinedword"excessive"inPara.3isclosestinmeaningto"____"A．intermediate B．overmuch C．mild D．appropriate10．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat____.A．depressionwillbeacurablediseaseforalongtimeB．onlyaspirincaneffectivelyhelprelievepeopleofmanyemotionalproblemsC．peoplewhoarehard–workingaremorelikelytogetdepressionD．wehavealongwaytogobeforedepressioncanbesatisfyingtreated11．Whichofthefollowingshowstherightstructureofthepassage?(①—⑤representPara1—5)A． B． C． D．阅读理解Humanbeings'curiosityaboutouterspacehasn'tdeclinedinthepastdecade,andwithJeffBezos'historiccommercialflighttotheedgeofspacethispastsummer,dreamersarethatmuchclosertoexperiencingtheGalaxy(银河系)forthemselves.It'sreportedthatonecompanyisaimingtomakespacearealityforpeople,andispioneeringanewageofspacetourism.In2019,theCalifornia-basedcompanyGatewayFoundationfirstexploredtheidea.Itsdreamwastomakevisitingspace,inexcellentaccommodation,afuturevacationchoice.Theproject,nowcalledVoyagerStation,isrunbyOrbitalAssemblyCorporation,aconstructioncompanyledbyheadoftheGatewayFoundationandformerpilot,JohnBlincow.SpacetourismdrawscloserasOrbitalAssemblyCorporationhasannouncedplanstobuildtheworld'sfirsttospacehotelnamed"VoyagerStation",whichisexpectedtoopenin2027.Withadateinclosesight,thehotel'sarchitectsandengineersarehardatwork,aimingtodesignanout-of-this-worldexperience.Theyplantodecoratethesuiteswithelegantbarsandrestaurantswithatouchofspace,aswellasEarth-viewingloungesanduniquespacefoodtreats.Theteamisalsotakingadvantageofthereducedgravitythatwillbefeltinthestationtoplantolettheirguestsweightlesslycarryheavyobjects,jumphigherorrunfasterinwayspeoplecan'tnormallydoonEarth.GravitywillremainintheroomsandbarsthoughbecauseVoyagerStation'sscientificdesignmakesitpossiblebycreatingartificialgravitywithinthehotel.Thehotelisdesignedasawheelthatwillsteadilymoveandcreatesimulated(模拟的)gravitationalforce,muchlikewhenaglassofwaterisspunaround,thewaterdoesn'tpourout.Thehotel'sguestswon'tfeelmuchdifferentthanbeingonahugeshipsteadilymoving.12．WhatdoweknowaboutGatewayFoundation?A．Itaimedtobuildaspacehotel.B．Itmadespacearealityforpeople.C．Itpromotedspacetourismgreatly.D．Itplannedahistoriccommercialflight.13．WhatwilltheVoyagerStationteamusethereducedgravitytodo?A．Provideuniquespacefood. B．Letguestsdospacesports.C．Offerrecreationalactivities. D．Decoratesuitesmoreeasily.14．Whydoesgravityexistintheroomsandbars?A．Topreventliquidfrompouring.B．Tomakeguestsfeelcomfortable.C．Toavoidguests'travelsickness.D．Tokeepthingsinnormalpositions.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TimeforSpaceTravelB．SpaceTourismGainingPopularityC．First-everCommercialFlighttoSpaceD．FirstSpaceHotelSettoOpen二、第二部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。StrawWeaving(草编)What'sthefirstthingthatpopsintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofwheatstraw?16．However,WuCui,anintangibleculturalinheritor,canturnthestrawleftoverfromharvestedwheatintobeautifulandeye-catchingfunctionalartworks.TheOriginofStrawWeaving17．.TheBookofRites,oneoftheclassicalworksofConfucianism,alsorecordsthattherewerealreadymatsmadeofcattailgrassandprofessionalstraw-weavingcraftsmenduringtheZhouDynasty.TheProcessofStrawWeavingStrawweavingisamethodofmanufacturingdailyitemsorartworks.Wuexplainstheprocessofstrawweaving:selectionofmaterialsisthefirststepofacomplicated,time-consumingandlabor-intensiveprocessthatcantakeweeks,orevenmonths,tocomplete.Youneedtosketch(素描)thepieceonpaper,whichrequiresdrawingskills.18．.Evenbyfinishingthatprocess,itdoesnotmeanthatyouwillalwayscreateagoodpieceofwork.andthehardestpartistomakeitlifelike19．Inthepast,wovenstrawitemscouldbefoundalmostineveryhouseholdinthecountryside.Butduetotheimpactofindustrialization.manufacturedgoodshavereplacedsuchproducts,whichyieldlowprofits,andthereareonlyabout100individualsengagingintheworkacrossthecountry."Theworldhaschanged,andcraftsmenneedtopursuethebeautyandartistryofstrawculturetohelpthecraftsurviveandthrive,"Wusays.TheFutureofStrawWeavingFromherperspective,strawweavingshouldrespondtopeople'sneedsandpreferences,whilestilldrawinginspirationfromtraditionalculture."20．,"shesays.Whenaskedaboutherplans,Wusaysshewantstodigdeeperintolocaltraditionalcultureandcreateculturalcreativeproductsbydevelopingthestraw-weavingtechnique.A.TheCurrentSituationofStrawWeavingB.Nextcomesweaving,shapingandpreservingoftheworkC.CraftspeopleshouldtrytheirbesteffortstopromoteproductsD.Itwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2008E.Mostpeoplewouldprobablyjustseeitasapileofwasteinafarmer'sfieldF.Theearlieststraw-weavingproductswerediscoveredatHemuduCulturalRuinsG.Craftspeopleshouldberesponsiveandcreativeandconstantlyupdatetheirproducts三、第三部分语言运用，第一节（共15小题：每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasatthegroceryshop21．last-minuteitemsforEasterdinnerwhenI22．fromthecornerofmyeyethemostwonderfulflowerIhadeverseen.Itwas,asIlaterlearned,apeony(牡丹).Iwasso23．thatIwasgoingtobuymyselfflowers.I'd24．donethisbefore.Onthewayhome,IwonderedwhyIhadneverreallybeen25．toanyflowersbefore.26．,I'dbeenonthisearthforoverhalfacentury.27．inEngland,myimmigrant(移民)familyviewedflowersas28．sincesurvivalwasourpriority.Dadworkedontherailways,andMom,beforeher29．,workedinafactory.Oursmallgardenwasfilledwithvegetables30．flowers,asMomandDadoftensaid,"Thesewillkeepusaliveifwecan'tgetthemfromthe31．."Wealsobuiltanundergroundoven(烤炉),whereMomandDadwouldmakeflatbread(薄面饼).Thesmellofthisflatbread32．usandanchored(使扎根)ustoourlivesinEngland.WhenMother'sDaycame,Momwouldsay,"Whywastemoneyonflowers?They'lljustdie.Buyshoesorcoatsinstead."So,wekidsmadefoodforherathome.Mymother33．yearsagoafteralongillness.Ifshewerestillalivetoday,she'dprobably34．herheadatmeforbuyingflowers.35．,IstillwishI'dhadthechancetoshowherthisbeautifulflowerandbuyitforheronMother'sDay21．A．holdingup B．pickingup C．turningup D．givingup22．A．spotted B．examined C．predicted D．expected23．A．shocked B．pleased C．embarrassed D．confused24．A．always B．frequently C．never D．occasionally25．A．used B．adapted C．introduced D．drawn26．A．AfterallB．AboveallC．Infact D．Bycontrast27．A．BreakingdownB．GrowingupC．Breakingaway D．Movingup28．A．unfamiliar B．uncommon C．unnecessary D．unattractive29．A．retirement B．illness C．promotion D．accident30．A．infavorofB．incontrasttoC．alongwith D．insteadof31．A．shop B．garden C．forest D．farm32．A．alerted B．attracted C．comforted D．challenged33．A．pulledthroughB．passedawayC．gaveup D．steppedaside34．A．scratch B．nod C．shake D．raise35．A．However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Meanwhile四、第三部分语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（注意：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。）Thereisargumentoverthetermhanfu,assomescholarspreferhuafu;"Hua"representstheChinesenation,all56ofitsethnic(民族的)groups36．(include).However,sinceHan,ChinesearethedominantethnicgroupinChina.37．(basic),peoplerefertoancientChineseclothingashanfu.Tothe38．(train)eye,hanfu,theJapanesekimonoandtheKoreanhanbokmaylookalike.However,eachhasdistinctivedesignelements,historical39．(origin),andculturalsignificanceunique40．theirrespectivecountries.Herearesomeoftheuniquefeaturesofthespecialtypeofclothes.AncientChineseclothingwasverylightweight.Peopletendtobelieve41．ancientChineseclothingwasbulkyandheavy.Althoughsomegarments(衣服)wereindeedcomplicatedandlayered,manytraditionalclothes,especially42．madeofsilk,weredesignedtobelightweightandcomfortable.PuttingonhanfuwithproperceremonywasimportantinancientChinesesociety,asitwasaway43．(distinguish)socialroles.Atthattime,rulesonhowtowear,fold,andtiegarments44．(follow)carefullytoprojectanimageofgrace,modesty,andrespect.Today,someoftheflowersofthehanfurevivalmovementadopt45．sameprinciples.五、第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）46．每个人都应胸怀大志，胸怀大志意味着有自己的梦想和抱负。具有目标和实际的梦想和抱负是我们前行的动力和保障。请你按照以下要求用英文写一篇小短文，以LetMy...DreamFlyHigh为题，陈述一下你的志向及行动计划。提示:Whatisyourdream?Whycanitbeyourdream?Howareyougoingtoachieveit?Rightnow…Inthefuture…参考词语:study,exercise/practice,skills,become,cometrue要求及注意事项：

1.文段的开头已经给出，请你补出标题、续写剩余部分(主体和结尾)；

2.参考提示内容，可适当取舍并发挥；

3.书写工整，语言正确，语句通顺，语篇前后连贯且合乎逻辑；

4.文中不得出现与你身份相关的真实个人信息；

5.词数：不少于70词。(开头已给出，但不计入总词数。)Dreamandhopecanbeveryimportanttoaperson'sdevelopment.It'sthesametousmiddleschoolstudentswhoarestudyingforourfuture.47．读后续写Itisnaturalthateverystudentremembersthefirstdayatschoolwell.ItgavemeaterriblefeelingoffearandanxietybutIalsomadeagoodfriend.WhenIwasoftheschool-goingage,itwasmymotherwhofirstthoughtofsendingmetoschool.WhensheexpresseditIthoughtthatshewasaheartlesswoman.Itseemedtomethatmyhappydaysofplayingwithmytoysweretakenfrommeforever.AsIwenttoschoolwithmyfather,mymindwasdisturbedatfirst.AlthoughIhadheardaboutschool,Ihadnotvisiteditearlier.Myfathertookmetoschoolwhichwasanunknownplaceforme.Teachersandstudentswerestrangerstome.WhenIenteredtheschoolIfeltnervous.Itwasabigbuildingwithtallwalls.Theatmosphereoftheschoolwascalmandquiet.However,asasmallchildIcouldnotfeelstableatthesightofthebuilding.Iwasnotacquaintedwithsuchatmosphereearlier.Itwasanoldandfamousschoolinourcommunity.Myfatherwasastudentthereinhischildhoodandyouth.Theheadmasterwaswellknowntomyfatherandgreetedhimwithasmile.Myfatherintroducedmetotheheadmasterandrequestedhimtoadmitmetotheschool.ThenIwasadmittedasastudent.Theheadmasterallowedmetoattendtheclass.Ibecamenervous.Myfatherleftmeatthedoorofaclassroomandwentaway.Iwasabouttocry.Finally,Imadeupmymindandknockedatthedoor.Aladyallowedmein.Itwasaclassroomfilledwithstudentsofallsize.TheylookedatmecuriouslyandIjustwantedtofindaplacetohide.TheladyledmetoadeskbehindagirlnamedJaneandaskedustointroduceourselvesonebyone.注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右;(2)请按如下格式作答。

答案解析部分1．A2．B3．B本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四项不同年代流行的健身运动。

考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据Aerobics—1970s部分中的"Aerobicstookofftoimprovethecardiovascular(心血管)systeminafunwayanddancemoveswerecombinedwithfitnessmovements,suchaslegraisesandmarchinginplace."健美操开始以一种有趣的方式改善心血管系统，舞蹈动作与健身运动相结合，如抬腿和原地踏步。可知，健美操结合了舞蹈的动作。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据Spinning—1990s部分中的"Colorchanginglights,high-energymusicandenthusiasticinstructorshaveturnedspinclassesintoalivelygroupactivitywhichhasattractedfansaroundtheworld."变色的灯光、充满活力的音乐和热情的教练将动感单车变成了一项充满活力的团体活动，吸引了世界各地的粉丝；以及CrossFit—2000s部分中的"CrossFithasbeenateamfavoriteinthefitnessscenesincethe2000s."自2000年代以来，混合健身一直是健身界的团队最爱。可知，Spinning动感单车和CrossFit混合健身都可以成为团体运动。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据HIIT—2020s部分中的"Itcanbedonethroughfreeonlineclasseswithoutanyequipment,makingitanaffordableworkoutathome."它可以通过免费的在线课程完成，不需要任何设备，使其成为一种负担得起的在家锻炼。可知，HIIT间歇训练可以在家跟着网上免费课程训练，所以这项运动是非常经济实惠且方便开展的。故选B。4．B5．D6．D7．C本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了英国童书再版遭大量改删引起争议。

本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4．考查词义猜测。根据第一段"PuffinBooks,thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirehoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas‘fat'and‘ugly'inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders."今年2月，英国作家RoaldDahl的经典童书如MatildaandTheWitches的出版商海雀图书公司因在RoaldDahl的精选小说中删去"胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。提到，海雀图书公司出版的RoaldDahl精选小说中删除了数百个不礼貌的词汇；以及第二段中的"AlthoughthepublisherarguedthattheyweremeanttoallowDahl'shookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyalltoday,manypeoplewerestillangeredbythepractice."尽管出版商声称他们的目的是让Dahl的书继续为今天的所有人所欣赏，但许多人仍然对这种做法感到愤怒。可推知，"thepractice"指上文提到的海雀图书公司从RoaldDahl的故事中删除了一些粗鲁的词语。故选B。5．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinsteadofallowingreaderstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten,weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliteratureoffers."如果我们开始改变和改编伟大的作品，而不是让读者接受并对所写的书做出反应，我们就有可能破坏文学所提供的美。可知，SuzanneNossel不同意改编伟大的作品，他认为它们应该原封不动地保存下来，故选D。6．考查推理判断。根据第四段"Personally,Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworldaroundthem.Itisthejobofteachers,parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthatbooksareproductsoftheirtimesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeirownflaws(缺点)."就我个人而言，我相信孩子们探索周围世界的智慧。教师、家长和其他成年监护人有责任帮助孩子们理解，书籍是他们所处时代的产物，而作者——即使是他们当中最优秀的作家——也是有其缺点的人。可知，作者认为孩子有探索事物的智慧，成年人应帮助他们理解书籍是时代的产物，即使是伟大的作者也有缺点，可推断作者反对改编Dahl的作品，故选D。7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"PuffinBooks,thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirehoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas‘fat'and‘ugly'inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders."今年2月，英国作家RoaldDahl的经典童书如MatildaandTheWitches的出版商海雀图书公司因在RoaldDahl的精选小说中删去"胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。提出文章的主题，海雀图书公司从RoaldDahl的故事中删除了一些粗鲁的词语，下文是对这一做法不同的态度，"伟大的作品：要不要重写"适合做文章的标题，故选C。8．D9．B10．D11．D本文是一篇说明文，介绍了抑郁症的形成过程以及科学家们对治疗抑郁症的药物的研究。

本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和篇章结构四个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Inthepasttwodecades,researchershavetieddepressiontoaseeminglyunrelatedcondition:inflammation(炎症),thebody'snaturalresponsetostress.Itcouldrisefrominjuryorinflection,orevenemotionalissueslikeanunhappymarriageorproblemsatwork.Someamountofinflammationisgenerallybeneficial,asitincreasesproductionofcytokines(致癌因子)，proteinsthathelpushealandprotectusfromtheeffectsofoverwork."在过去的二十年里，研究人员将抑郁症与一种看似无关的疾病联系起来：炎症(炎症),身体对压力的自然反应。它可能是由伤害或变化引起的，甚至是情感问题，如婚姻不幸福或工作中的问题。一定量的炎症通常是有益的，因为它会增加细胞因子的产生，细胞因子是帮助我们愈合并保护我们免受过度工作影响的蛋白质；以及第三段"Butexcessivecytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggeststhathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression."但过度的细胞因子水平及其引发的炎症可能是有代价的——许多研究表明，高水平的细胞因子可能会导致抑郁症。可知，感染导致炎症，而炎症产生致癌因子，而过量的致癌因子导致抑郁症，故选D。9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段知道"cytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggeststhathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression."可知，但是致癌因子水平过高，以及由此引发的炎症，可能以一定的代价出现，研究表明致癌因子水平过高可能会导致抑郁症，可推知画线词excessive的意思是"过量的、过多的"，故选B。10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Heandhiscolleagueswantedtoseewhethertheeffectofthesedrugswaslimitedtothedepressionpatientswithhighcytokinelevels,orifithelpedallpeoplediagnosedwithdepression."可知，AndrewMiller教授和他的同事们想知道这些药物的效果是否仅限于致癌因子水平高的抑郁症患者或是否对所有被诊断为抑郁症的人都有帮助，可推断，在抑郁症得到满意的治疗之前还有很长的路要走（很多工作要做），故选D。11．考查篇章结构。通读全文可知，第一段为总论，指出抑郁症是一种非常可怕的疾病，很多患者对治疗抑郁症的药物都没有反应，第二、三段介绍了为抑郁症的形成过程，第四段介绍了致癌因子通过几种途径到达大脑，第五段介绍了科学家们研究治疗抑郁症的药物，故选D。12．A13．C14．B15．D本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个总部位于加利福尼亚州的公司探索了创建世界上第一家太空酒店的想法。

本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It'sreportedthatonecompanyisaimingtomakespacearealityforpeople,andispioneeringanewageofspacetourism.In2019,theCalifornia-basedcompanyGatewayFoundationfirstexploredtheidea.Itsdreamwastomakevisitingspace,inexcellentaccommodation,afuturevacationchoice."据报道，一家公司正致力于让太空成为现实，并开创了太空旅游的新时代。2019年，总部设在加州的GatewayFoundation，首次探索了这个想法。它的梦想就是让游览空间，在极好的住宿条件下，成为未来度假的选择。可知，GatewayFoundation目的是要建一个太空酒店，故选A。13．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Theteamisalsotakingadvantageofthereducedgravitythatwillbefeltinthestationtoplantolettheirguestsweightlesslycarryheavyobjects,jumphigherorrunfasterinwayspeoplecan'tnormallydoonEarth."研究小组还利用空间站的减重效应，计划让他们的客人在没有重力的情况下携带重物、跳得更高或跑得更快，这些是人们在地球上通常无法做到的。可知，Voyager太空站小组利用空间站的减重效应，计划让客人在没有重力的情况下携带重物、跳得更高或跑得更快，可推知，这个团队打算利用减重力为客人提供一些消遣活动，故选C。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段"GravitywillremainintheroomsandbarsthoughbecauseVoyagerStation'sscientificdesignmakesitpossiblebycreatingartificialgravitywithinthehotel.Thehotelisdesignedasawheelthatwillsteadilymoveandcreatesimulated(模拟的)gravitationalforce,muchlikewhenaglassofwaterisspunaround,thewaterdoesn'tpourout.Thehotel'sguestswon'tfeelmuchdifferentthanbeingonahugeshipsteadilymoving."重力将留在房间和酒吧，因为旅行者空间站的科学设计可以在酒店内创造人造重力。酒店被设计成一个轮子，它可以稳定地移动并产生模拟的引力，就像一杯水在周围旋转时，水不会倒出来。旅馆的客人们不会感到有什么不同，就像坐在一艘巨大的船上一直在移动。可知，房间和酒吧的重力是科学设计的人造重力，会让旅客感觉就像是在平稳行驶的轮船上一样，可推知，房间和酒吧的重力让旅客感到舒服，故选B。15．标题归纳题。根据第二段中的"It'sreportedthatonecompanyisaimingtomakespacearealityforpeople,andispioneeringanewageofspacetourism.In2019,theCalifornia-basedcompanyGatewayFoundationfirstexploredtheidea.Itsdreamwastomakevisitingspace,inexcellentaccommodation,afuturevacationchoice."据报道，一家公司正致力于让太空成为现实，并开创了太空旅游的新时代。2019年，总部设在加州的Gateway基金会，首次探索了这个想法。它的梦想就是让游览空间，在极好的住宿条件下，成为未来度假的选择；以及第三段中的"SpacetourismdrawscloserasOrbitalAssemblyCorporationhasannouncedplanstobuildtheworld'sfirstspacehotelnamed‘VoyagerStation',whichisexpectedtoopenin2027."随着轨道组装公司宣布计划建造世界上第一家太空酒店"旅行者号"，太空旅游业也随之走近，该酒店预计将于2027年开业。可知，本文介绍了总部位于加利福尼亚州的GatewayFoundation公司探索了创建世界上第一家太空酒店的想法，这个太空酒店计划于2027年开张。"FirstSpaceHotel即将开业"适合作本文标题，故选D。16．E；17．F；18．B；19．A；20．G本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了草编艺术的起源、草编过程、现状以及对未来发展的展望。

考查七选五，本文是一篇新闻报道，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"What'sthefirstthingthatpopsintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofwheatstraw?"当你想到麦秸时，你首先想到的是什么？可知，作者以问句的方式引出本文关于麦秸的话题；以及空后"However,WuCui,anintangibleculturalinheritor,canturnthestrawleftoverfromharvestedwheatintobeautifulandeye-catchingfunctionalartworks."然而，吴翠作为无形文化传承者，却能把收获小麦留下的秸秆，变成美观醒目的功能性艺术品。可知，吴翠前面提到的人不同，把麦秸变成了艺术品，E.Mostpeoplewouldprobablyjustseeitasapileofwasteinafarmer'sfiel