北京专版2020中考英语复习方案第三篇提分题型专练阅读理解04环境的力量+骨骼再生+拯救蜜蜂试题

PAGEPAGE7阅读理解(四)环境的力量+骨骼再生+拯救蜜蜂A[2019·朝阳一模]Flowersbloom(开花)onlyiftheyareplantedinrichsoil(土壤).Wearesimilarlyinfluencedbyourenvironment.Whenourenvironmentisbad,wemaygetsickphysicallyormentally.Whenourenvironmentissupportive,wearemorelikelytothrive.Whichfactor(因素)oftheenvironmentinfluencesusmost?Theanswerissurprising.It’snottheairwebreatheeveryminute,northewaterwedrinkeveryhour;it’sthepeoplewhowerelatetoeveryday.Everydaywehaveconnectionswithalotofpeopleindifferentsituations.Somebringushappinessandprovideuswithlovingsupport.Othersbringusdownandmakeusfeelworthless.Ihavenodoubtthatoneofthemainkeystosuccessisthepeopleweknow.It’snicetohavepeopleinyourlifewhoencourageyoutobetteryourself,andwhosupportyouinyourefforttomakeyourselfabetterperson.Peoplewhoseheartsarebigenoughtobehappyforyoursuccess,ratherthanthosewhoaresoproudthattheyalwayswanttocompetewithyouforsuccess.Peoplewhoseethepotential(潜力)inyou,evenwhenyoucan’tseeitinyourself.Thesearethepeoplewhoyoushouldhaveonyourteamandinyourlife.Soifyoureallylongforsuccess,lookbackatthepeoplewhocomeinandoutofyourlife.Aremostofthepeopleyouknowsupportiveorunsupportive?Whenpeoplearoundyouaren’tsupportive,whatkindofpersondoyoubecome?Doyoubecomeshy,fearful,hatefulandunhappy?Whenyouconnectwiththosewhoaresupportive,whathappenstoyou?Doyoubecomeopen,lively,happy,strongandbrave?Taylorlovesmusic,andherdreamistobecomeasingeroneday.Whenevershetalksaboutherbigdream,noneofherfriendsevergiveherafistbump(碰拳)toencourageher.Tayloralwayscomplainsthatherfriendsarenotsupportiveenoughbutwalkingawayfromthemleavesherinloneliness.Shehasnobetterchoicebuttokeephangingoutwiththem.However,themoretimeshespendswiththem,theworseshefeelsaboutherself.Wecanallmakeamindfuldecisionabouttheenvironmentaroundus.Relatemoretothosewhomakeyouhappybeing“you”,orwhosupportyouinbeing“you”.Ifyouhavetobearoundthosewhoaren’tsupportive,thensimplyacceptthemastheyare,withoutgoingafterthemformorethanwhattheycanprovidetoyou.Afterall,eachpersonhasaseed(种子)inthemtobethebeautifulandawesomepersontheywanttobe.Allthey’rewaitingforisthatsupportivesoiltoallowthemtofullybloom.1.Theword“thrive”inParagraph1probablymeans“”. ()

A.developandgrow B.judgeandwarnC.mindandcare D.failandfear2.ThewritermentionsthefivequestionsinParagraph4toshowthat. ()

A.somepeoplealwayssupportwhatwedo,somedon’tB.weareincludedinacertaincircleoffriendsC.somepeoplegiveusasenseofsuccessD.weareinfluencedbypeoplearoundus3.Accordingtothepassage,whatcouldprobablyhelpmakeTaylor’sdreamcometrue? ()A.Sheneedstogetafistbumpfromherfriends.B.Sheneedstokeephangingoutwithherfriends.C.Sheneedstowalkawayfromherunsupportivefriends.D.Sheneedstocontinuetalkingaboutherdreamwithherfriends.4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout? ()A.Sayingnotounsupportivepeople.B.Lettingtheseedinyoubloom.C.Peoplearoundyoucouldshapeyou.D.Influenceofnaturalenvironment.B[2019·海淀一模]You’renotthesamepersonyouwereasachild.You’renoteventhesamepersonyouwerefiveyearsago.Wedon’tjustmeanyourpersonality.Whilewe’dlovetostartanever-endingdiscussionoverthe“trueself”,we’reheretotalkaboutthecells(细胞)inyourbody.Doyouknowhowyourfingernailsandhairareconstantlygrowingandreplacingthemselves?Thesamethinghappensalmosteverywhereinyourbody.Yourouterlayerofskinmakeswayforfresherskin,andinsideyourveins(血管),bloodcellsturnovertomakewayforfreshblood.It’sprobablynosurprisethatthesetypesofcellsareshort-lived,evensomeofthemostseeminglypermanent(永久的)partsofyourbodyreplacethemselvesovertime—includingyourbones.Strongasyourbonesmightseem,thecellsthey’remadeofwon’tlastalifetime.Bonesaremastersatrebuildingthemselves,whichiswhymostbrokenbonescanhealontheirownintotherightshape.Boneshavespecialcellscalledosteoclasts(破骨细胞)whosejobistobreakdownbone,evenifitisn’tbroken,andsendthemineralsintothebloodstream.Thismaysoundfrighteninglylikeyourbonesarewearingaway,butyourbodyknowswhatit’sdoing.Asosteoclastsbreakdownbone,osteoblasts(成骨细胞)buildupnewbonetoreplacetheold.Bytheendofeachyear,about10percentofyourentireadultskeletonwillhavebeenrebuiltthroughthisprocess.

If10percentofyourbonebreaksdowneveryyear,itmusttakeabouttenyearstorenew100percentofyourskeleton.Thatwouldbeagreatguess,anditlinesupnicelywiththemedicalmyththatthehumanbody’scellsarefullyreplacedeverysevenyears,butthebodyisabitmorecomplex.That10percentisjustanaverage—somebonegrowsfasterthanthat,andsomegrowsslower.Whilesomepartsofyourbonewillturnoverquickly,otherpartswillstickaroundfordecades.Infact,mostbonecellscouldliveaslongas50years.Sobeforeyougetwrappedupinanidentitycrisis(危机)aboutthecellsinyourbodydisappearingonyou,knowthatyoucanlosesomehairandyoucancutyournails,butthebonesofyouaren’tgoinganywhere—atleastnotverysoonandnotallatonce.5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage? ()A.Allthecellsinourbodyarethesameonesthatwewerebornwith.B.Ourbloodcellsareconstantlygrowingandreplacingthemselves.C.Itmusttakeabout10yearstorebuild100percentofourskeleton.D.Osteoblastscanbreakdownskinandalsorebuilditovertime.6.Theunderlinedwords“wearingaway”probablymean“”. ()

A.buildingup B.takingoffC.dyingout D.turningon7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout? ()A.Ourskeletonseemspermanentbutrenewsitselfovertime.B.Itisnotsurprisingthatsomecellsinourbodyareshort-lived.C.Therearetwotypesofcellsinourbones:osteoclastsandosteoblasts.D.Wearenotthesamepersonwewerefiveyearsagobecauseofpersonality.C[2019·顺义一模]Doyourunawaywhenyouhearabeebuzzing?Manypeopledo.Abeestinghurtsandsomepeopleareallergic(过敏的)tobeevenom.Butdidyouknowthatbeesareveryimportanttohumans?Honeybeesdomorethanjustmakehoney.Theyflyaroundandpollinateflowers,plants,andtrees.Ourfruits,nuts,andvegetablesrelyonthesepollinators.OnethirdofAmerica’sfoodsupplyispollinatedbythehoneybee.Haveyouseenorheardahoneybeelately?Beesaremysteriously(神秘地)disappearinginmanypartsoftheworld.Mostpeopledon’tknowaboutthisproblem.Itiscalled“ColonyCollapseDisorder”(CCD).SomeNorthAmericanbeekeeperslost80%oftheirhivesfrom2006—2008.BeesinItalyandAustraliaaredisappearingtoo.Thedisappearanceofthehoneybeeisaseriousproblem.Canyouimaginenevereatinganotherblueberry?Whataboutalmondsandcherries?Withouthoneybeesfoodpriceswillskyrocket.Thepoorestpeoplealwayssuffertheworstwhenthereisalackoffood.Thisproblemaffectsotherfoodsbesidesfreshproduce.Imaginelosingyourfavoriteicecream!HaagenDaazisafamousicecreamcompany.Manyoftheirflavorsrelyonthehard-workinghoneybee.In2008,HaagenDaazbeganraisingmoneyforCCD.TheyalsofundedagardenattheUniversityofCaliforniacalledTheHaven.Thisgardenhelpsraiseawarenessaboutthedisappearinghoneybeeandteachesvisitorshowtoplantforpollinators.Donatingmoneytoresearchisthemostimportantthinghumanscandotosavethehoneybee.ScientistsneedmoneytoinvestigatethecausesofColonyCollapseDisorder.SomescientistsblameCCDonclimatechange.Othersthinkpesticidesarekillingthebees.Commercial(盈利性的)beemigrationmayalsocauseCCD.Beekeeperstransporttheirhivesfromplacetoplaceinordertopollinateplantsyearround.Noteveryonehasmoneytodonateregularly.Thereareotherwaystohelpthehoneybee.Spreadthewordbytellingyourfriendsandfamilyabouttheproblem.Tellyourteacheraboutthedisappearingbeetoo.Maybeyourclasscanwritealettertothegovernment.8.Honeybeesareveryimportantbecausetheyproducehoneyand. ()

A.stingpeopleB.treatallergiesC.pollinateflowersD.buzzeverywhere9.WhydoesthewritermentiontheHaagenDaazcompany? ()A.Todescribewhatbeekeeperswilllosewithouthoneybees.B.TotellreaderswhyHaagenDaazisafamouscompany.C.Toshowhowscientistswillinvestigatehoneybees.D.ToexplainhowserioustheCCDproblemis.10.Theword“funded”inParagraph4probablymeans“”. ()

A.donatedmoneyforB.savedmoneyforC.providedmoneyforD.collectedmoneyfor11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage? ()A.TheDisappearingHoneybeeB.TheImportantHoneybeeC.TheProblemsofHoneybeesD.TheInvestigationofHoneybee【参考答案】A[主旨大意]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了周边的人对我们的影响最大,多跟那些支持你的人在一起。1.A词义猜测题。根据第一段中的最后两句“Whenourenvironmentisbad,…Wearemorelikelytothrive.”可推知,环境不好,我们可能会在身体上或精神上生病;当我们的环境支持我们时,我们更有可能发展壮大。故选A。2.D推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Soifyoureallylongforsuccess,lookbackatthepeoplewhocomeinandoutofyourlife.”可知,如果你真的渴望成功,那就回头看看那些进出你生活的人。即我们受周围人的影响。故选D。3.C推理判断题。根据上下文可知,Taylor的朋友总是打击她,和他们在一起的时间越多,她对自己的感觉就越差。再根据第六段第二句“Relatemoretothosewhomakeyouhappybeing‘you’,orwhosupp