山西省2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

2024~2025学年高二1月期末质量检测卷英语(A卷)考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatbothersthemanabouthisnewapartment?A.Itsdistancefromthecitycenter.B.Thenoisefromtheclothesshops.C.Thelackofmoderncookingfacilities.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisacardealer.B.Shehasboughtanewcar.C.Shehaspassedherdrivingtest.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Findajob. B.Keepwaiting. C.Accepttheoffer.4.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheroom?A.Itisdisappointing. B.Itismessy. C.Itissatisfying.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atazoo. B.Atasciencemuseum. C.Atacinema.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhydoesJoneyloveSundays?A.Hecansleeplate.B.Hecanplaybasketball.C.TherearesportsonTVallday.7.WhatdoesthewomanaskJoneytodo?A.Cleanhisroom. B.Dohishomework. C.Gooutsideandplay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howmanywindowsdoesthemanstillhavetopaint?A.9. B.14. C.23.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodoattheweekend?A.Haveagoodrest. B.Receivefriendsathome. C.Plantsomeflowers.10.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman’swife. B.Theman’scoworker. C.Theman’semployer.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howlongdidthewomanspendvolunteeringwithawildlifeorganization?A.Threemonths. B.Sixmonths. C.Twelvemonths.12.WhatdidthewomanmainlylearninCanada?A.Managementskills. B.Wildlifeprotection. C.Howtodoresearch.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Neighbors.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whydidthewomaninventanewsystem?A.Tocreatemusic. B.Tohelphergrandfather. C.Tomakepeoplefeelbetter.15.Howdidthewomangettheideaforthisproject?A.Fromherownexperience.B.Fromreadingalotofbooks.C.Fromherteacher’ssuggestion.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Stopworkingontheproject.B.Sellthesystemtomakemoney.C.Keepimprovingthecurrentproject.17.Whatistheman’sattitudetothewoman’ssystem?A.Expectant. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A.Thedisadvantagesofsocialmedia.B.Howtousesocialmediaeffectively.C.Theimpactofsocialmediaonsociety.19.Whatisthelecturer’smainconcernaboutsocialmedia?A.Ittakesuptoomuchtime.B.Itspreadsfalseinformation.C.Ittakesawayface-to-facesocialskills.20.Whatarethestudentsexpectedtodonext?A.Takesomenotes. B.Givetheirpresentations. C.Haveagroupdiscussion.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourSunniestCitiesintheWorldYuma,UnitedStatesYumaistheworld’ssunniestcity,withanaverageof4,015hoursofsunshineayear.Thatmeansmorethan300sunnydaysayearor11hoursofsunshineaday.AswellasbeingthesunniestplaceonEarth,Yumaisextremelyhotanddryduetoitsdesertclimate.LocatedintheSonoranDesertintheUSstateofArizona,itonlyreceivesabout3.4inches(英寸)ofrainperyear,andtemperaturesrisegreatlyduringthesummermonths.Julyisespeciallyhot,withtypicalhighsof41.7℃.Calama,ChileOnaverage,thesunshinesfor3,926hoursayearintheChileancityofCalama.LocatedintheAtacamaDesertinnorthernChile,itisalsooneoftheworld’sdriestplaces,withnomorethan1.4inchesofrainfallperyear!Calama’saverageyearlytemperatureis11.2℃,thoughthereareextremechangesbetweenwinterandsummer,withaveragedailylowsof0℃inwinterandaveragedailyhighsof20℃insummer.ElPaso,UnitedStatesLocatedintheChihuahuanDesert,ElPasoenjoyssunshinefor3,763hoursayear.TheweatherinElPasoismildanddryinthewinterandhotanddryinthesummer,witharound8.8inchesofrainfallperyear.Forsevenmonthsoftheyear,temperaturesareabove26.7℃,peakingduringthemonthofJune.Inatypicalyear,109daysarehotterthan32.2℃.Keetmanshop,NamibiaLiketherestofthecitiesonthislist,Keetmanshophasahotdesertclimate,with3,870hoursofaverageannualsunshine.SituatedontheedgeoftheKalahariDesertinsouthernNamibia,ithasextremelyhotlongsummersandshortcoldwinters.Itonlyreceivesabout6inchesofannualrainfall,andtemperaturesaremildthroughouttheyear.Onaverage,temperaturesreachhighsof28.8℃andlowsof13.3℃.21.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesttimeofsunshine?A.Yuma. B.Calama.C.ElPaso. D.Keetmanshoop.22.WhereisCalama?A.IntheSonoranDesert. B.IntheAtacamaDesert.C.IntheKalahariDesert. D.IntheChihuahuanDesert.23.WhatistheannualrainfallinKeetmanshop?A.About1.4inches. B.About3.4inches.C.About6inches. D.About8.8inches.BPeopleusuallywashtheirproducebeforeeatingtoremoveresidue(残留)frompesticides.Butareyourfruitsandvegetablesreallycleanenoughtoeat?14-year-oldSirishSubashfromGeorgiahaswonthe20243MYoungScientistChallengeforinventinganAI-basedhandheldpesticidedetectorcalledPestiSCANDthatisveryaccurateindetectingpesticideresidue.Nowinits17thyear,theChallengesupportsmiddleschoolstudentstothinkcreativelyandapplySTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)principlestodiscoverreal-worldsolutions.Whenthefinalistsarechosen,theyarepairedwitha3Mscientistwhoguidesthemoverthesummertohelpturntheirideasfromjustconceptstoprototypes(雏形).Sirishspentfourmonthscompetingagainstnineotherfinalistsandsecuredhiswinatthefinalchallengeeventsat3M’sglobalheadquartersinSt.Paul,MinnesotathatwereheldonOctober14and15,2024.Thefinalistshadtotraverseaseriesofinteractivechallengesandwereevaluatedontheirinnovation,applicationofSTEM,aswellastheirabilitytoinspireothers.Sirish’sjourneytowinningtheawardcamefromwatchinghismotherwashingvegetablesandfruitsandremindinghimtoalwaysdoso.Hewonderedwhetherwashingactuallymadeadifference.Since70percentoftheproduceintheUShaspesticideresiduethatislinkedtoillnesseslikecancer,it’sveryimportanttoknowifthefruitsandvegetablesaresafetoeat.That’swhatPestiSCANDisdesignedtodo.Thedeviceworksbyshininglightonthesurfaceoftheproduceandmeasuringthewavelengthsthatbounce(反射)back.Sirishtestedthedeviceonmorethan12,000foodsincludingstrawberries,applesandtomatoes.PestiSCANDusesasensorandAI-basedprocessortoachieveanaccuracyofover85percent.Sirishaimsatmakingthistechnologywidelyaccessiblesothatconsumerswillbeabletomakesafefoodchoices.Buthestillbelievesyoushouldwashyourproduceanyway.24WhatisthefunctionofPestiSCAND?A.Totreatcancer. B.Tocleanvegetables.C.Todetectpesticideresidue. D.Topromotethegrowthoffruits.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“traverse”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Notedown. B.Giveup.C.Missout. D.Getthrough.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Sirishputalotofeffortintohisinvention.B.PestiSCANDcameonthemarketlastyear.C.Sirish’smotherwasstrictabouthiseducation.D.The3Mscientistsmustn’tprovidehelpforthefinalists.27.WhatdoesSirishsuggestpeopledo?A.OrderapieceofPestiSCAND.B.Washproducebeforeeatingit.C.Buyfreshproduceasoftenaspossible.D.Enterasmanycompetitionsastheycan.COldertreeshaveamajorroletoplayinthefightagainstclimatechange,accordingtoarecentstudyfromtheUK.ResearchersattheUniversityofBirminghamhavefoundthatoldertreesrespondtoincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxide(CO2)intheatmospherebyabsorbingmoreofitwithincreasedwoodproduction.Previously,itwasthoughtthatonlyyoungertreescoulddothis.ThescientistsstudieddatafromanexperimentrunbytheUniversityofBirmingham’sInstituteofForestResearch(BIFoR)inaforestincentralEngland.Thisforestmainlyconsistsofoaktreesthatareover180yearsold.Tounderstandtheimpactofthechangingclimateontrees,scientistsputanetworkofpipes(管道)intheforestthatfedtheareaastreamofCO2.ThiscreatedalocalatmosphereofincreasedCO2—somethingwemightseeeverywhereifnothingisdonetoreduceglobalemissions(排放).Aftersevenyearsofrunningtheexperiment,itwasfoundthat,inresponsetoa40%increaseinCO2levels,thetreeshadincreasedtheirproductionofwoodbynearly10%.TreeschangeCO2intooxygen,whichtheyemitintotheair,andcarbon,whichisusedtoproducewood,leavesandroots.Leavesandrootscandiequitequickly,andwhentheydo,theyemitCO2backintotheatmosphere.Wood,however,actsasalong-termcarbonstore.SowhentheBIFoRtreesmademorewood,theywerekeepingCO2outoftheatmosphereformanyyearstocome,andstoppingitfromwarmingouratmosphere.RobMacKenziethedirectorofBIFoRandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,describedthefindingsas“hopefulandpositive”,andsaidweshouldcarefullymanageolderforests.“Theoldforestisdoingahugeamountofworkforus,”headded.“Whatwedefinitelyshouldnotbedoingiscuttingitdown.”28.Wherewastheexperimentconducted?A.InaforestincentralEngland. B.Inanurbanpark.C.InaforestinwesternEngland. D.InalaboratoryinBirmingham.29.Whatisthepurposeofsettingupanetworkofpipes?A.Tokeepthetreeswarm. B.Toprovidepeoplewithgas.C.TotransportlargeamountsofCO2. D.Tostoreasmuchoxygenaspossible.30.WhichofthefollowingisRobMacKenzie’sideaaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.ItisunavoidabletoemitCO2. B.Peopleshouldplantmoretrees.C.Peopleshouldvalueoldforests. D.CO2isnecessarytotheenvironment.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRoleofYoungerTreesinClimateChange.B.TheImportanceofReducingGlobalCO2Emissions.C.ClimateChangeImpactsonHumansAreIncreasing.D.OlderTreesCanHelpFightAgainstClimateChange.DWhenateamoflocalrangers(护林员)andscientistsarrivedatthebillabong,alakethatisformedwhenariverfloods,inAustralia’sNorthernTerritory,theyknewtheclockwasticking.ItwasSeptember2024,andthehotdryseasonmeantdisappearingwater,whichwouldtraptheyoungfreshwatersawfishwithindays.Aftercatchingtheyoungsawfishbyhandandwithnets,thescientists,includingPeterKyne,notedeachsawfish’ssex,placingamicrochip(微芯片)undertheirskin,whilerangerspouredwaterontheanimalstokeepthemwet.Overtwodays,theteamput19rescuedsawfishintoawatertankanddrovethemashortdistancetotheDalyRiver,freeingthemintothedarkdepths.ThefreshwatersawfishisatypeoflargeAustralianray(鳐鱼)withsharpteeththatcancutthroughotherfish.The21-foot-longraysspendtheirlonglivesinfreshandseawater,withfemalesgivingbirthtoanaverageofsevenbabiesannuallyinNorthernTerritoryrivers.Youngsawfishmatureinfreshwaterforaboutadecadebeforereturningtotheocean.Sawfishwasoncefoundinoceansworldwide.However,acombinationofhabitatlossandoverfishinghasreducedthelarge-toothedsawfish’srangebyanestimated60percentbetweenroughly2000and2010.Thefourothersawfishspeciesarealsocriticallyendangered,andtheirrangeshavedecreasedbyupto80percent.Since2012,therangershavepartneredwithuniversityscientiststolookforandrelocatesawfishinremotefloodplains.Sincethen,theteamhasrelocated115fishbackintotheDalyRiver.Now,there’sanewconcernforsawfishintheNorthernTerritory—cottonfarming.Industrialfarmingstations,somedoublethesizeofLondon,havebeenbuiltacrosstheregion,andmorethan120,000acresofcottonfarmswilllikelybeplantedwithinthenextfewyears.Onaverage,cottonrequiresalmosttwoOlympic-sizeswimmingpoolsofwaterperacre.Tomeetthisdemand,agriculturistsarepushingtoharvestwaterfromtheDalyRiveranditssurroundingfloodplains.32.Whatdidthescientistsdofirstaftertheycaughttheyoungfreshwatersawfish?A.Theypouredwateronthem. B.Theykeptarecordoftheirsexes.C.Theyputmicrochipsintheirmouths. D.Theyputthemdirectlyintotheocean.33.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theintroductionofafish. B.Thebenefitofcottonfarming.C.Thehistoryofindustrialfarming. D.ThedescriptionoftheDalyRiver.34.Howmanysawfishspeciesarecriticallyendangeredaccordingtothetext?A.Six. B.Five. C.Four. D.Three.35.Whatcanbeinferredaboutsawfishfromthetext?A.Theywillsoondisappearcompletely. B.Theirpopulationisincreasingrapidly.C.Theyareonlyaffectedbyoverfishing. D.Theirsurvivalisfacingseveralthreats.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Havingahealthylevelofself-confidencecanhelpyoubecomemoresuccessfulinyourpersonalandprofessionallife.Butmaintainingconfidenceisn’teasyandit’saneasythingtolosewhenyoufeellikeyou’vefailedormadeamistake.____36____.StopcomparingyourselftoothersDoyoucomparehowyoulooktopeoplearoundyou?Ormaybeyoucompareyourincometowhatyourfriendearns.Socialcomparisontheoryexplainsthatmakingcomparisonsisnatural.____37____.Itmayevenhavetheoppositeeffect.Sowhenyounoticeyouaredrawingcomparisons,remindyourselfthatdoingsoisn’thelpful.Surroundyourselfwithpositivepeople____38____.Dotheyliftyouup,ordotheybringyoudown?Aretheyconstantlyjudgingyou,ordotheyacceptyouforwhoyouare?Ifyoufeelbadaboutyourselfafterhangingoutwithaparticularperson,itmaybetimetosaygoodbye.Instead,surroundyourselfwithpeoplewholoveyouandwantthebestforyou.Dothingsyou’regoodatWhathappenswhenyoudothingsthatyouaregoodat?Yourself-confidencestartstoriserapidly.Ifyou’regoodatacertainsport,forinstance,makeitapointtotrainorplayatleastonceaweek.____39____,trytodothattaskmoreoften.SetrealisticgoalsSettinghigh-reachinggoalsandfailingtoachievethemhasbeenfoundtodamageconfidencelevels.Onthecontrary,realisticgoalsareachievable.Andthemoreyouachieveyourgoals,thegreateryourconfidenceinyourselfandyourabilitieswillbe.Tosetrealisticgoals,writedownwhatyouwanttoachieve.____40____.Behonest!Iftheanswerisslimtonone,thegoalmaybeabittoohigh.Dial(调整)itbacksoitismorerealisticandmoreachievable.A.IfyouhaveagoaltoloseweightB.Ifyou’regoodataparticulartaskatworkC.Butitisn’tlikelytohelpimproveyourself-confidenceD.Next,askyourselfwhatchanceyouhaveofreachingitE.ThismakesyouwonderifyouhavewhatittakestosucceedF.Fortunately,thereareseveralwaystoincreaseyourself-confidenceG.Takeamomentandthinkabouthowpeoplearoundyoumakeyoufeel第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnJuly23,whilesurfingatNorthShoreBeachinPortMacquarie,NewSouthWales,theprofessionalsurfer,KaiMcKenzie,ranintoa10-to15-footshark.Itwasthebiggest____41____he’deverseen.Kai’srightlegabovethekneewas____42____.Finally,hemanagedto____43____totheshore,whereseveralpeoplejumpedintoprovidefirstaid.Bystanders____44____therecoveredleginice,anditwastransportedtothe____45____byambulancewithKai.____46____,doctorscouldnotreattachtheleg.ButtheystabilizedKaiandgothimontheroadto____47____.Asanamputee(截肢者),Kaihadto____48____allthesimplethingslikebalance.Heusedawalkingstickandhisremaininglegto____49____.Threemonthslater,hewasreadytoreturntothe____50____afterhisdoctorsallowedit.Hecouldhave____51____.Noonewouldhave____52____himforthrowinghisboardaside.Buthedidn’t.Headmittedthathewas____53____butwantedtoovercomethatfear.Inhis23years,Kaiisnostrangertopushingthe____54____.Hissurfingstylecrossestraditionalwaveridingonaskateboard.Althoughhisfirstoutingwasabit____55____ononeleg,itisonlyamatteroftimebeforeheisbacktorulethewaves.41.A.ocean B.shark C.beach D.ice42.A.brushedaside B.heldback C.cleanedup D.bittenoff43.A.return B.ride C.run D.fly44.A.searched B.designed C.repaired D.packed45.A.hospital B.lab C.school D.office46.A.Recently B.Accidentally C.Unfortunately D.Proudly47.A.freedom B.fame C.wealth D.recovery48A.replace B.relearn C.remember D.remove49.A.dance B.sleep C.walk D.jump50.A.water B.wild C.stage D.field51.A.calmeddown B.checkedout C.givenup D.brokenin52.A.thanked B.forgiven C.punished D.blamed53.A.fearful B.helpful C.grateful D.forgetful54.A.sales B.limits C.doors D.buttons55.A.unhappy B.unnecessary C.unsteady D.unavoidable第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ItalianScreens—NewItalianCinemainBeijing,aprojectaimedat____56____(increase)theoverseasdistribution(上映)ofItalianfilms,openedthisyear’sChineseeditioninBeijing____57____Tuesday,andexhibitedatotalofsixnewfilmsattheChinaFilmArchiveuntilNov22.Theopeningfilm,There’sStillTomorrow,isacomedysetinthe1940s.It____58____(be)thebiggesthitattheboxofficeinItalylastyear,sweepingsixstatuettes(小金人),includingthe____59____(good)actress,atthe69thDavidDiDonatelloAwards.TheotherfiveItalianfilmswereGloria!,Kidnapped,ABrighterTomorrow,Trust,____60____ThankYouGuys.Allthemovieswerefirstshownto____61____publicwithinthelasttwoyearsandhavebeennominated(提名)atseveralinternationalfilm____62____(event)incitiessuchasBerlin,Cannes,RotterdamandToronto.ItalianScreens,____63____hastouredover50citiesinmorethan20countriessinceitsfoundingtwoyearsago,increaseditspresencein____64____(establish)marketsandoperatedinnewones.TheprojectalsotraveledtoSuzhouinJiangsuProvinceinDecember,screeningthe____65____(huge)popularfilmsatthebranchoftheChinaFilmArchive.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“幽默”为主题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：1.幽默的作用；2.如何成为一个幽默的人。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearteachersandschoolmatesToday,Iwanttotalkabouttheroleofhumorandhowtobehumorous.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanksforyourlistening!第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Whenanewtrendsweptthroughschool,everykidwantedin.Thelatestmust-haveitem?Superhero-stylejerseys(球衣).Almosteveryoneboughtone,exceptDylan.Dylanlivedwithhisgrandmother,Mrs.Hargrove,inalittlehouse.Moneywastight,buttheymadedo.WhenDylansawthejerseysatschool,hecouldn’thelpbutwantone.“Grandma,everyone’sgettingasuperherojersey,”hesaidoneafternoon.“CanIgetone,too?”Mrs.Hargrovelookedatthepriceonline.“Dylan,thosejerseysareawfullyexpensive,”shesaidgently.“I’mafraidwecan’taffordonerightnow.”Dylan’sfacefell,butheforcedasmile.“That’sokay,Grandma.Iunderstand.”ButMrs.Hargrovecouldn’tbeartoseehimdisappointed.Thatnight,afterDylanhadgonetobed,shesatdownwithaplan.Shestayedupallnight,herfingersmovingquicklyasshemadeajerseywith