2022年江西省赣州教育发展联盟高二下学期第8次联考英语试卷

2021-2022学年江西省赣州教育发展联盟高二下学期第8次联考英语试卷（本试卷共四部分，共4页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。）第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe14thNationalGamesheldinXi’anhastriggeredgreatinterest—notonlyinsportsandfitness,butalsointhehostcityitself.IfyouareplanningatourofXi’antakinglessthan3days,you’llwanttohitallthefollowinghighlights.TheTerracottaArmyTheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina’spremierhistoricalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury,whichwasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinShiHuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC).Itisacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiers,horses,andchariots(战车)inbattleformation,showingtheemperor’sarmiesinfullsplendor.AncientCityWallXi’anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty(1368-1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowalandmark,dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.GiantWildGoosePagodaOneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagodawasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618-907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.Oneofthemainfunctionsofthepagodawastostoresutras(经文)broughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang.Itwasbuiltwithlayersofbricksandhasagrandstructureandappearance.ItisexemplaryoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumTheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxiovertheyears.Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopotteryfigures,goldandsilverwaresandwallpaintingsfromtheTangDynasty(618-907)tombs.Amongitspreciouscollections,18pieceshavebeenlistedasnationaltreasures.1.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A.TheTerracottaArmy. B.AncientCityWall.C.GiantWildGoosePagoda. D.ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.2.WhatcanvisitorsseeinShaanxiHistoryMuseum?A.ChariotsdiscoveredinXi’an. B.SutrasbroughtfromIndiatoChina.C.RelicsunearthedinShaanxi. D.WallpaintingsfromtheQingDynastytombs.3.Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A.Theyholdcollectionsofantiques. B.Theyareofhistoricalandculturalvalue.C.TheyrepresentthemodernspiritofXi’an. D.TheyareexamplesoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个位于西安，具有历史和文化价值的景点。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据TheTerracottaArmy段落内容中“TheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina’spremierhistoricalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury,whichwasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinShiHuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC).(兵马俑不仅是中国最重要的历史景点，也是20世纪最伟大的发现之一，它是由中国秦朝(公元前221年-公元前207年)的第一位皇帝秦始皇建造的)”；AncientCityWall段落内容中“Xi’anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty(1368-1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.(西安城墙建于14世纪，是明朝(1368-1644)第一位皇帝朱元璋的军事防御系统)”；GiantWildGoosePagoda段落内容中“OneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagodawasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618-907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.(大雁塔是中国最著名的佛塔之一，建于唐代(618-907年)，用于学习佛经)”以及常识可知，ShaanxiHistoryMuseum(陕西历史博物馆)应是建于现代，收藏历史文物的场馆。由此可知，建于秦朝的兵马俑具有最长的历史。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ShaanxiHistoryMuseum段落内容中“TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxiovertheyears.(陕西历史博物馆是陕西多年来出土的37万多件珍贵文物的所在地)”可知，游客在陕西博物馆可以看陕西出土文物。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据TheTerracottaArmy段落内容中“TheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina’spremierhistoricalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury(兵马俑不仅是中国最重要的历史景点，也是20世纪最伟大的发现之一)”；AncientCityWall段落内容中“Xi’anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty(1368-1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.(西安城墙建于14世纪，是明朝(1368-1644)第一位皇帝朱元璋的军事防御系统)”；GiantWildGoosePagoda段落内容中“OneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagodawasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618-907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.(大雁塔是中国最著名的佛塔之一，建于唐代(618-907年)，用于学习佛经)”以及ShaanxiHistoryMuseum段落“TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxiovertheyears.(陕西历史博物馆是陕西多年来出土的37万多件珍贵文物的所在地)”可知，这四个景点的共同点是：它们都具有历史和文化价值。故选B。BIliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn'timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother'scultures.4.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul'stravelplan?A.Scared. B.Puzzled. C.Disappointed. D.Surprised.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A.Hewasawesternjournalist. B.HehadaknowledgeofChina.C.HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D.HewasJosephRock'sacquaintance.6.Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A.Theyhonoredtheancestors. B.Theysetoffinhighspirits.C.Theysatisfiedthelocals'curiosity. D.Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter'swritingthetext?A.Toshareandreflectonajourney. B.Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C.Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D.TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，在历史悠久的茶马古道上，遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗·萨洛佩克，决定陪保罗去云南。描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn'timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.(我不得不承认，当我第一次听说保罗·萨洛佩克要用自己的双脚环游地球时，我被震撼了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人)”可推知，作者最初对保罗的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.(去年五月，我遇到了保罗。他告诉我这是他第一次来中国。他兴奋地跟我讲起我所在的中国地区的历史、移民和发现。他谈到了南方丝绸之路，17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行，茶马之路，以及20世纪初美国植物学家约瑟夫·洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为其中许多人都是英雄，从某种意义上说，他们是中国慢新闻的先驱)”可知，保罗·萨洛佩克对中国有一定的了解。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.(我们在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围着我们，看着我们；有人给我们指路；有些人邀请我们去他们家休息；一些人谈到了家乡的魅力。我们遇见了许多美丽的灵魂，朴素的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用我们的思想行走)”可知，第四段主要说明了作者和保罗与人们建立了联系。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother'scultures.(回顾我和保罗一起走过的200多英里，我有了一个认识。步行本身的好处，虽然健康和令人钦佩，但只是步行好处的一小部分。更深层次的回报是重新发现我们周围的世界，缩短彼此之间的距离，分享彼此的文化)”结合文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，在历史悠久的茶马古道上，遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗·萨洛佩克，决定陪保罗去云南。描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。可推知，文章的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。COneofthequestionssurroundingclimatechangeishowitmightaffectthefoodsupplyforagrowingglobalpopulation.Anewstudysuggeststhatresearchershavebeenoverlookinghowtwokeyhumanresponsestoclimate—howmuchlandpeoplechoosetofarm,andthenumberofcropstheyplant—willaffectfoodproductioninthefuture.ThenewstudyfocusedontheBrazilianstateofMatoGrosso,anemerging（新兴的）globalbreadbasket（产粮地区）thatasof2013supplied10percentoftheworld’ssoybeans.Theresearchersusedvariationsintemperatureandprecipitation（降水）acrossthestateoveraneight-yearperiodtoestimatethesensitivityoftheregion’sagriculturalproductiontoclimatechange.Thosehistoricalcomparisonscanhelpinmakingpredictionsaboutthesensitivityofagriculturetofutureclimatechange.Thestudyfoundthat,ifthepatternsfrom2002to2008holdinthefuture,anincreaseinaveragetemperatureinMatoGrossoofjust1degreewillleadtoa9to13percentreductioninoverallproductionofsoyandcorn.“Thisisworrisomegiventhatthetemperatureinthestudyregionispredictedtoriseby2degreesby2050,”saidAveryCohn,wholedthestudy.Moststudiesofthiskindlookonlyattheextenttowhichclimateshocksaffectcropoutput.Butresearcherscanmisscriticaldynamics（动力）thatcanaffectoveralloutput,saysLeahVanWey,oneofthestudy’sseniorauthors.“Ifyoulookatoutputalone,you’renotlookingatalloftheinformationbecausethereareeconomicandsocialchangesgoingonaswell,”saidVanWey.Ifoutputdecreases,farmersmayputlesslandareaintoproductionbecauseit’snotprofitable.Farmersmayalsovarythenumberofcropstheyplantinagrowingseason.DoublecroppingiscommoninMatoGrosso.Butiftheweatherisbad,farmersmaychangetheirdecisiontoplantasecondcrop.8.Thevalueofthenewstudyliesin_________.A.increasingthenumberofcropspeopleplantB.focusingonanemergingglobalbreadbasketC.makingpredictionsabouthumanresponsestoclimatechangeD.controllingpeople’schoiceoftheirfarmingareaandcropnumbers9.AccordingtoAveryCohn,by2050,theoverallproductionofsoyandcornwill_________.A.remainalmostunchanged B.decreasebymorethan9%C.increasebyfrom9%to13% D.decreasebymorethan18%10.Whatcanweknowaboutthesimilarstudiesmentionedinparagraph3?A.Theycan’tprovideexactinformationtofarmers.B.Theydon’ttakeintoconsiderationsomekeyfactors.C.Theirdiscouragingresultslargelyaffectoverallcropoutput.D.Theypaytoomuchattentiontoeconomicandsocialchanges.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Farmers’possiblereactionstoclimateshocks.B.PossibleclimatechangeinMatoGrosso.C.ThebenefitsofdoublecroppinginMatoGrosso.D.Farmers’decisiononplantingcropsinthefuture.【答案】8C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，文章主要讲述了气候变化对农业的影响可能被低估。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Thosehistoricalcomparisonscanhelpinmakingpredictionsaboutthesensitivityofagriculturetofutureclimatechange.可知此研究的意义在于帮助预测农业对未来气候变化的敏感性，即人类对气候变化的反应，所以C正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Thestudyfoundthat,ifthepatternsfrom2002to2008holdinthefuture,anincreaseinaveragetemperatureinMatoGrossoofjust1degreewillleadtoa9to13percentreductioninoverallproductionofsoyandcorn.可知温度升高一度，导致大豆和玉米减产9%-13%。而根据“Thisisworrisomegiventhatthetemperatureinthestudyregionispredictedtoriseby2degreesby2050,可知道2050年会升高2度，因此，减产量会在18%-26%之间，所以D正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Butresearcherscanmisscriticaldynamics（动力）thatcanaffectoveralloutput,saysLeahVanWey,oneofthestudy’sseniorauthors.可知之前的研究忽视了影响总产量的关键动力，所以B正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段三个farmersmay可知此段介绍了如果气候变化，产量减少，农民们可能的反应，所以A正确。DDavidBennettbecamethefirstpersontohaveahearttransplantedsuccessfullyintohimfromapig.Inpressmaterialissuedthreedaysaftertheoperation,theUniversityofMarylandconfirmedMrBennettwasdoingwell,andwascapableofbreathingonhisown.Whilehecontinuestorelyonartificialsupporttopumpbloodaroundhisbody,theteambehindthesurgery,ledbyBartleyGriffith,plangraduallytoreduceitsuse.Thisoperationisamilestoneforxenotransplantation—thetransferoforgansfromotherspeciestohumanpatients.DoctorssaythenextfewweekswillbeacriticaltoseehowBennettdoeswiththeneworganandwhetherhisbodybeginstorejectit.TheoperationitselfreceivedexceptionalauthorizationfromAmerica’sFoodandDrugAdministrationunderaprovisionwhichletsdoctorsuseexperimentaltreatmentsasamatteroflastresort.Priortotheoperation,Mr.Bennettwasdiagnosedwithterminalheartdisease,butwasjudgedtooilltoqualifyforahumantransplant.Havingspentmonthsinahospitalbedwithnoimprovementtohiscondition,hegavehisagreementtothesurgery.Bennettreleasedastatementthroughthemedicalcenterthedaybeforetheoperation.Init,hesaid:“Itwaseitherdieordothistransplant.Iwanttolive.Iknowit’sashotinthedark,butit’smylastchoice.”Pastattemptsatpig-to-humantransplantshavefailedbecauseofgeneticdifferencesthatcausedorganrejection.Toreducetheriskofthathappeninginthiscase,scientistsremovedseveralgenesfromthedonorpigthatarelinkedwithorganrejection.Theyalsoremovedanothergenefromtheanimalinanefforttopreventtoomuchgrowthofpighearttissue.Bennett’sgeneticallymodifiedpigheartwasprovidedbyRevivicor,aregenerativemedicinecompanybasedinBlacksburg,Virginia.Onthemorningofthesurgery,thetransplantteamremovedthepig’sheartandplaceditintoaspecialdevicetokeepitrunninguntiltheoperation.12.WhydidBennettadoptapighearttransplant?A.Geneticdifferencesmaycauseorganrejection.B.HefailedtogetapprovalfromAmerica’sFoodandDrugAdministration.C.Hecouldn’tmanagetofindasuitablehumanheart.D.Hisheartdiseasewastooseveretoreceiveahumantransplant.13.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“ashotinthedark”inParagraph4?A.Apossibilitythatshootsoneselfintheevening.B.Abeliefthatallthingswillgosmoothly.C.Aguessthatisbasedonlittleevidenceorinformation.D.Achallengesomeonemustface.14.Howdoscientistspreventtheorganrejection?A.Bytakingawaysomeofunfavorablegenes.B.Bypromotingthegrowthofpigheartissue.C.Byplacingthepig’sheartintoaspecialdevice.D.Byconnectingtoaheart-lungmachineuntiltheoperation.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Bennett’sNewLifewithaPigHeartB.FirstSuccessfulPig-to-HumanTransplantC.ANewProgressinLife-SavingTransplantsD.PastAttemptsatPig-to-HumanTransplants【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述第一个从猪身上成功移植心脏到人身上的科学案例。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Priortotheoperation,Mr.Bennettwasdiagnosedwithterminalheartdisease,butwasjudgedtooilltoqualifyforahumantransplant.(在手术之前，Bennett先生被诊断出患有晚期心脏病，但由于病情严重，无法接受人体移植)”可知，Bennett先生接受移植猪的心脏是因为他病情严重，无法接受人体移植。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Itwaseitherdieordothistransplant.Iwanttolive.Iknowit’sashotinthedark,butit’smylastchoice.(要么死要么做这个移植。我想活着。我知道它是ashotinthedark，但这是我最后的选择)”可知，ashotinthedark是名词，描述当时手术的特点。根据第二段“Thisoperationisamilestoneforxenotransplantation—thetransferoforgansfromotherspeciestohumanpatients.(这次手术是异种移植的一个里程碑——将其他物种的器官移植给人类患者)”可知，这样的手术是第一次做，所以有很大的未知性，没有任何的依据和可借鉴的信息，所以一切都是猜测。所以ashotinthedark的意思应该是“瞎猜的”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Toreducetheriskofthathappeninginthiscase,scientistsremovedseveralgenesfromthedonorpigthatarelinkedwithorganrejection.(为了降低这种情况发生的风险，科学家从捐赠猪身上移除了几个与器官排斥有关的基因)”可知，为了避免排异现象的发生，科学家从捐赠猪身上移除了几个与器官排斥有关的基因。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“DavidBennettbecamethefirstpersontohaveahearttransplantedsuccessfullyintohimfromapig.(DavidBennett成为第一个从猪身上成功移植心脏的人)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述第一个从猪身上成功移植心脏到人身上的科学案例。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenseeing“LOL”inyourphonetext,wouldyouthinkofapopulargame“LeagueofLegends”immediately,whichyouhaveevenbeenaddictedto?Theanswerismostprobablyyes.___16___Soit’simportanttofigureoutwhat“LOL”meansandhowtorespondtoyourfriendsperfectlyforeverysituation.Theythinkyourtextwasfunny.Actually,LOLisshortfor“laughingoutloud”thatfirstbecamepopularonUsenetandhasevenbeenusedalongwithemojisinemailsandtextmessages.Ifyoushareastoryorjokeandget“LOL”asaresponse,thepersonistellingyouthathethinksyou’refunny.___17___Theyacceptyourawkwardmoment.Astimegoes,LOLhasbecomesomethingmuchmoreflexibleandisusedevenwhennothingisslightlyamusing.Ifyoujusttellsomeoneaboutanembarrassingmomentyoumake,whatabouthisresponse?___18___Allyouneedtodoisjustsharingthefeelingsandturningthepage.Theydon’twanttocontinuetheconversation.___19___Ifthepersonjusttypesyouthese3letters,hemightindicatethathistalkingisdone,atleastfornow.Youdon’thavetoreplytotheirmessagerightaway.___20___Justgoaboutyourdayandtextthemagainlaterifyouhavesomethingtoshareorwanttostartanewconversation.A.Insomecases,“LOL”showstheanger.B.Sometimes,“LOL”signalsalackofinterest.C.Don’tforgettoreplytothemassoonaspossible.D.Soyoucanaskhimwhathelikesaboutyourjokeorstory.E.Andyoudon’tneedtoworryyourrelationwillnaturallydieout!F.Hemightuse“LOL”toshowhissympathyforwhatyou’regoingthrough.G.However,youmayconfuseandembarrassyourselvesinsomespecificcontext.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英文缩写“LOL”在不同的语境里分别有什么样的不同含义，而我们又该如何回复。【16题详解】根据上文“Whenseeing“LOL”inyourphonetext,wouldyouthinkofapopulargame“LeagueofLegends”immediately,whichyouhaveevenbeenaddictedto?(当你在手机短信中看到LOL时，你会不会马上想到一个让你上瘾的热门游戏“英雄联盟”？)”可知，前文描述看到LOL会想到游戏。而下文“Soit’simportanttofigureoutwhat“LOL”meansandhowtorespondtoyourfriendsperfectlyforeverysituation.(所以，弄清“LOL”的含义以及在任何情况下如何完美地回应你的朋友是很重要的)”可知，LOL并不仅仅指代游戏。选项G“However,youmayconfuseandembarrassyourselvesinsomespecificcontext.(然而，在某些特定的情况下，你可能会感到困惑和尴尬)”反驳了上文的说法，承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Ifyoushareastoryorjokeandget“LOL”asaresponse,thepersonistellingyouthathethinksyou’refunny.(如果你分享了一个故事或笑话，得到的回应是“LOL”，这个人是在告诉你他觉得你很有趣)”以及第一段“Soit'simportanttofigureoutwhat“LOL”meansandhowtorespondtoyourfriendsperfectlyforeverysituation.(所以，弄清“LOL”的含义以及在任何情况下如何完美地回应你的朋友是很重要的)”可知，在你弄清了LOL的含义之后，应该回应你的朋友。选项D“Soyoucanaskhimwhathelikesaboutyourjokeorstory.(所以你可以问他喜欢你的笑话或故事的什么)”讲你如何回应朋友，符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Ifyoujusttellsomeoneaboutanembarrassingmomentyoumake,whatabouthisresponse?(如果你只是告诉别人你的尴尬时刻，他会怎么回答？)”可知，此空为对方的反应。选项F“Hemightuse“LOL”toshowhissympathyforwhatyou'regoingthrough.(他可能会用“LOL”来表示对你所经历的事情的同情)”正是说明这个人对你所经历的事的反应，符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】根据这一段的小标题“Theydon’twanttocontinuetheconversation.(他们不想继续谈话了)”可知，这一段讲的是LOL代表不想继续谈话。再根据下文“Ifthepersonjusttypesyouthese3letters,hemightindicatethathistalkingisdone,atleastfornow.(如果那个人只是给你回这三个字母，他可能暗示他的谈话结束了，至少现在是这样)”可知空处指的是LOL的含义。选项B“Sometimes,“LOL”signalsalackofinterest.(有时候，LOL代表没兴趣)”和下文内容一致。故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Youdon’thavetoreplytotheirmessagerightaway.(你不必马上回复他们的信息)”以及下文“Justgoaboutyourdayandtextthemagainlaterifyouhavesomethingtoshareorwanttostartanewconversation.(继续你的一天，如果你有什么要分享或想开始新的对话，稍后再给他们发短信)”可知，空处应为你的反应。选项E“Andyoudon’tneedtoworryyourrelationwillnaturallydieout!(你不需要担心你们的关系会自然消亡！)”和空前的“don’thaveto”句型一致，表示自己的反应，引起下文。故选E。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenDeirdreTaylorwaspreparingtoleaveherVirginiahometofightCovid-19inNewYork,shemadesureto___21___apossessionthatshekeptforoverthirty___22___:afrontnewspaperarticle.Thisarticle___23___Taylor'srescuefromaburningNewYorkCityapartmentbya___24___in1983.Shewasonlyfourthen.ThepictureonthefrontarticleshowsayoungTaylorwiththemanwho___25___her,EugenePugliese.“IalwaysknewIcame___26___tolosingmylifethatday,”TaylortoldCNN.“Icouldhaveasecondchanceat___27___.thankstohim.”Today,Taylor,41,isanemergencyroom___28___withahappyfamily.Eversincetheincident,shewonderedwhat___29___thefirefighterwhosavedher,comingup___30___whenshesearchedforhimonline.___31___tospendtwomonthshelpinginthe___32___againstCovid-19atNYULangoneHospital,Taylorsawthisasanopportunitytofinally___33___him.Duringoneofhershifts（轮班）,Taylortoldafirefighterher___34___.HecalledthecunentcaptainofFDNYinManhattan,who___35___knewwhomTaylorwaslookingfor.TaylorgavePugliesea（an）___36___rightafterhershiftandwasveryhappytohearhisvoiceontheotherend.“Iwonderedabouthimon9/11andhopedIwouldgetthechancetothankhim,andIfinally___37___saidTaylor.Now76yearsold,Pugliesewas___38___whenhegotthecallfromTayloronFriday.“Wejustsattherecryingonthe___39___PugliesetoldCNN,___40___thathe'shadthesamearticleframedonhiswallfor25yearsnow.21.A.choose B.pack C.send. D.mail22.A.days B.weeks C.months D.years23.A.described B.reported C.reminded D.discovered24.A.doctor B.pedestrian C.firefighter D.relative25.A.saved B.saw C.treated D.fed26.A.true B.alone C.close D.alive27.A.life B.work C.walk D.speech28.A.patient B.cleaner C.volunteer D.nurse29.A.cameto B.happenedto C.relatedto D.belongedto30.A.empty B.different C.alike D.nice31.A.Anxious B.Afraid C.Desperate D.Ready32.A.play B.competition C.fight D.argument33.A.understand B.repay C.help D.find34.A.lesson B.duty C.story D.view35.A.never B.exactly C.hardly D.gradually36.A.call B.message C.address D.letter37.A.failed B.did C.escaped D.hesitated38.A.thrilled B.scared C.depressed D.relaxed39.A.ground B.Internet C.TV D.phone40.A.realizing B.explaining C.adding D.recalling【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.D34.C35.B36.A37.B38.A39.D40.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了DeirdreTaylor在去纽约抗击Covid-19病毒时，找到了当年救她的消防员Pugliese的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当DeirdreTaylor准备动身离开弗吉尼亚前往纽约去抗击Covid-19的时候，她一定要把她保存30多年的财产打包，这个财产是一个报纸头版文章。A.choose选择；B.pack收拾行李，打包；C.send派送；D.mail邮寄。根据前文“leaveherVirginiahometofightCovid-19inNewYork”和后文“possession”，可知DeirdreTaylor准备离开去纽约，所以她要收拾她的私人物品并打包带走。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当DeirdreTaylor准备动身离开弗吉尼亚前往纽约去抗击Covid-19的时候，她一定要把她保存30多年的财产打包，这个财产是一个报纸头版文章。A.days天；B.weeks星期；C.months月；D.years年。根据下文“in1983”，可知DeirdreTaylor已经保存了30多年。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章报道了，1983年DeirdreTaylor被一名消防员从纽约一间正在着火的公寓中救出。A.described描述；B.reported报道；C.reminded提醒；D.discovered发现。根据前文“afrontnewspaperarticle.”可知，这是一篇头版头条，所以是报道出来。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章报道了，1983年DeirdreTaylor被一名消防员从纽约一间正在着火的公寓中救出。A.doctor医生；B.pedestrian路人；C.firefighter消防员；D.relative亲戚。根据下文第五段“firefighter”，可知DeirdreTaylor是被一名消防员所救。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在报纸头版新闻中的照片是年轻的DeirdreTaylor和救她的消防员EugenePugliese。A.saved挽救；B.saw看见；C.treated对待；D.fed喂养。根据下文“Icouldhaveasecondchanceat___7___,thankstohim.”可知多亏了EugenePugliese，DeirdreTaylor有了第二次生命，所以是EugenePugliese救了DeirdreTaylor。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：DeirdreTaylor对CNN声称：我一直都知道那天我差点失去生命。A.true真实的；B.alone独自；C.close接近；D.alive活着，在世。该句comecloseto译为“差一点，接近”，此处to为介词后接动词ing形式。作者知道那天差点失去了生命。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他，我有了第二次生命的机会。A.life生命；B.work工作；C.walk行走；D.speech演讲。根据前文“IalwaysknewIcame___6___tolosingmylifethatday,”和“themanwho___5___her”可知，DeirdreTaylor认为自己在那天几乎要失去生命，但是幸亏EugenePugliese救了她，所以她有了第二次生命的机会。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，DeirdreTaylor已经41岁，是一名急诊室护士，并且有一个幸福的家庭。A.patient病人；B.cleaner清洁工；C.volunteer志愿者；D.nurse护士。根据文章第一段“tofightCovid-19inNewYork,”，可知DeirdreTaylor要去纽约抗击Covid-19病毒，所以推测DeirdreTaylor可能是一名医护工作者，而nurse译为“护士”，符合语境。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：自从那时事故，她一直想知道那位救她的消防员怎么样，她上网搜索他的时候，没有任何信息。A.cameto苏醒，恢复知觉；B.happenedto发生在…身上；C.relatedto与…相关；D.belongedto属于。根据下文“comingup___10___whenshesearchedforhimonline.”可知，DeirdreTaylor一直在找救她的消防员EugenePugliese，但是都一无所获，所以Taylor想知道EugenePugliese到底发生了什么事情。故选B项。30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从那次事故，她一直想知道那位救她的消防员怎么样，当她上网搜索他的时候，却没有任何信息。A.empty空的；B.different不同的；C.alike相像的;D.nice好的。根据下文“Taylorsawthisasanopportunitytofinally___13___him.”可知，DeirdreTaylor认为这是他最后一次EugenePugliese的机会，所以DeirdreTaylor之前一直都没有他的消息。此处comeupempty译为“扑了个空”。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：DeirdreTaylor准备花费两个月的时间在NYULangone医院协助抗击Covid-19病毒，她认为这是最后找到EugenePugliese的机会。A.Anxious焦虑的；B.Afraid害怕的，担心的；C.Desperate不顾一切，绝望的；D.Ready准备好。根据前文“WhenDeirdreTaylorwaspreparingtoleaveherVirginiahometofightCovid-19inNewYork”可知，Taylor准备离开弗吉尼亚去纽约抗击Covid-19病毒。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：DeirdreTaylor准备花费两个月的时间在NYULangone医院协助抗击Covid-19病毒，她认为这是最后找到EugenePugliese的机会。A.play玩；B.competition竞争；C.fight打仗；D.argument争论。根据前文“WhenDeirdreTaylorwaspreparingtoleaveherVirginiahometofightCovid-19inNewYork”可知Taylor要去纽约抗击Covid-19病毒，此处fightagainst译为“与…作斗争”。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：DeirdreTaylor准备花费两个月的时间在NYULangone医院协助抗击Covid-19病毒，她认为这是最后找到EugenePugliese的机会。A.understand理解；B.repay回报;C.help帮助；D.find发现。根据前文“comingup___10___whenshesearchedforhimonline.”可知DeirdreTaylor一直在寻找这个消防员，但是都没有结果，所以DeirdreTaylor认为这次去纽约也是最后一次寻找EugenePugliese的机会。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她一次轮班的时候，DeirdreTaylor告诉一个消防员关于她的故事。A.lesson课程；B.duty职责；C.story故事；D.view观点。根据前文“afrontnewspaperarticle.”可知，头条上报道的是关于Taylor的故事。故选C项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨