2022年广东省汕头市潮阳市高二下学期期中英语试卷

汕头市潮阳林百欣中学2021-2022学年下学期高二期中考英语（B）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASHARKCONSERVATIONINSOUTHAFRICATakeatwo-weektripthatyouwillneverforgetasavolunteerwithsharksonabeautifulstretchofSouthAfrica’scoastline.Headouttoseatowitnessoneoftheworld’smostpowerful(andmostmisunderstood)creaturesonthisinspiringproject,enjoyingwatchingthemfrombothaboveandbelowwater.TheDAY-BY-DAYscheduleDay1:ArriveinCapeTownonaSunday.Youwillbecollectedfromtheairportandspendyourfirstnightinaguesthouseinthecitycentre.Day2:Youwillbecollectedbrightandearlyfromtheguesthouseandtakendowntotheproject.Thedrivetakesabout90minutes.Youwillreceiveawelcomeandheadouttoseatowitnessyourfirstsharks!Day3+:Mostdaysyouwillbeoutontheboatwiththesharks,dependingonweather.Helpoutwiththefullrangeoftasksontheboats,andinconservationinitiativesonlandtoo.Lastday:OnthefinaldayofyourprojectyouwillbetakenbacktoCapeTownforyouronwardtravel.Thepriceis£829,includingthevoluntaryworkprogrammewithaccommodations,airporttransfers,onenightinaguesthouseinCapeTown,breakfastsdailyandluncheswhenontheboats.Yourtripcanbeextendedatacostof£375perweek.Itisanamazingexperience!Somevolunteersplannedtostayfor4weeks,extendedto6weeksandstilldidn’twanttocomehome.Ifyou’dliketochataboutthisholidayorneedhelp,we’reveryhappytohelp.Callusat01273823700.Emailusatrosy@.21.Whenwillyoureallybeginyoursharkwatchingtrip?A.OnaFriday. B.OnaSaturday.C.OnaSunday. D.OnaMonday.22.Whatwillyouprobablydoonthethirddayifweatherpermits?A.Sailontheocean. B.ReturntoCapeTown.C.Buysomesouvenirs. D.Divewithsharks.23.Howmuchwillyouspendonathree-weeksharkconservationtrip?A.£375. B.£750. C.£829. D.£1,204.BInourmagazine’sdocumentroom,fromtheJune1920issue,Idiscoveredapiece,WhatEditorsDo,byHazelMiller.Whatshetalksaboutcaughtmyeye:ThefirstWorldWaranditsendingjusttwoyearsbefore.“During1917and1918,whentheWorldWarwasgoing,therewasahugedemandforwarmaterial,”Millerwrites.“Mostmagazineswerecarryingpracticallynothingbutwarstories.WhentheWarendedinNovember,1918,someeditorsstillhadagoodlysupplyofwarfictionandarticles—forwhichtheyhadpaidrealmoney—ontheirhands,whichmostpeoplebynowarefedupwith.”Herwordshavestuckwithmeforthepast12monthsaswe’veweighedwhichCOVID-19storiestorunandwhichtohold.I’mwritingthesewordswiththicksnowoutsidemywindow,buttheywillreachyouinthegreenofspring.Willyoubevaccinated(接种疫苗)andtiredofreadingaboutCOVID-19then?Wesaywritingisanart,andpublishingisabusiness,butIworryweforgetthatpublishingisalsoagamble(赌博),Exceptfortheimmediatepublication,everyoneintheindustry—agents,acquiringeditors,magazineandjournaleditors,etc.—arebettingonastory’ssuccessinafuturewecannotsee.Asisthenatureoffortunetelling,wearenotsosurewewillnotoccasionallylose:The1920editorssittingonastoreofwarstoriesnoonewants,forexample.Withsomanyfactorsoutsideyourcontrol,andsomuchuncertaintyintheindustry,isn’titbettertohavestorieswrittenfromtheheartthatyouaretrulyenthusiasticaboutratherthansometopleaseanever-changingpublishingmarket?Myfuturereader,it’smyhopethatthisissuefindsyouthisspringdoingjustthat:Writingthestoriesyouneedtotell—andtheonesthatwilldelightyourownfuturereadersforyearstocome.24.Whatdoesthewriterprobablydo?A.Ajournalist. B.Aneditor. C.Alibrarian. D.Ahistorian.25.WhatdidMiller’swordssuggest?A.TheFirstWorldWarshouldn’thaveendedtoosoon.B.Someeditorswouldmakeagreatfortunebystoringwarmaterial.C.Inthepost-waryears,peoplestillenjoyedreadingaboutwar.D.Toomuchwarmaterialhadbeenstoredbysomeeditors.26.ThewriterfindMiller’swordsespeciallyusefulwhen_______.A.decidingwhichCOVID-19storiestopublishB.writingduringthewintermonthsC.waitingforthegreenofspringD.expectingtobevaccinated27.Whatisthewriter’smessagetothepotentialauthors?A.Topleasethepresentpublishingmarket.B.Tolearnthenatureoffortune-telling.C.Tocontrolasmanyfactorsaspossible.D.Towritefromtheheartforthefuturereaders.CDrivingtotheeastfromcitycenterofYinchuan,capitalcityinNorthwestChina’sNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,millionsofmidnightbluesolarpanelswouldsuddenlycomeintoviewontheslopesofgullies,likeablueocean.Allthatsunlightabsorbedbythemorethan2millionphotovoltaic(PV)panelsisconvertedintoelectricitythatflowsintothegrid,creatingtheworld’slargestPVpowerplantandpowerscitiesacrossthecountry.Underthepanelsarealsoplantedgoji,whichwiththesolarparktogetherturnedtheoncedesertedlandintoan“oasis”andhelpedlocalstoleadbetterlives.Thenin2016,tomakefulluseoftheland,overthegojiplantation,HuaweiSmartPVsupportedtheNingxiaBaofengEnergyGroupinbuildingasolarpowersystem,whichcanalsoconserveenergyandreduceemissions.Throughtheefforts,thevegetationcoveragehasnowincreasedfrom30percentto85percent,whichhasalsosignificantlyimprovedtheregionalclimate.AttheendofDecemberlastyear,comparedwithtraditionalcoalpowerstation,thesolarfarmisestimatedtoreduceemissionsofCO2by2.047milliontons,equaltoplantingaround89milliontrees.Theaverageannualpowergenerationincomeisexpectedtobemorethan100millionyuan,benefitingmorethan26,000poorhouseholdsin349low-incomevillages.Bytheendof2020,thepercapitadisposableincomeoffarmersinHongdevillagehasalreadyreached10,686yuan.Asidefromtheeconomicbenefit,solarPVpowergenerationisalsooneofthetop10targetedpovertyalleviationprojectsinChina.Since2014,thecountryhasmaderelevantplans,strengthenedpowergridbuildingandoperationservices,andpromotedvarioussolarphotovoltaicpovertyalleviationprojectsfundedbythegovernmentandcarriedoutbyenterprises.“Povertyalleviationisjustafirststep,wearehighlymotivatednow,andafterfiveyears,youwillseeanevenbetterpicture,”alocalresidenttoldtheGlobalTimesonTuesday.28.Whatmainlymakesuptheblue-ocean-likeviewinthefirstparagraph?A.Theregionalclimate. B.Huawei-supportedPVpanels.C.Massively-growngoji. D.Government-fundedpovertyalleviationprojects.29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A.Thesolarpowersystemisenvironment-friendly.B.Thesolarpowersystemwillleadtoreducingplantingtrees.C.Thesolarpowersystemwillreplacetraditionalcoalpowerstation.D.Thesolarpowersystemisimprovingthevegetationcoverageslowly.30.What’sthelocals’attitudetowardsthesolarpowersystem?A.Neutral. B.Objective. C.Inspired. D.Indifferent.31.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheSolar‘Ocean’HelpsPeopleoutofPovertyB.EnterprisesGoHandinHandwithLocalGovernmentsC.TheSolarPanels—theTestedBestSolutiontoPovertyD.OneoftheTop10TargetedPovertyAlleviationProjectsinChinaDThevaccine(疫苗)newscontinuestoseemveryencouraging.BritainstarteditsmassvaccinationeffortandtheU.S.isn’tfarbehind.Butthereisstillonedarkcloudhangingoverthevaccinesthatmanypeopledon’tyetunderstand.Thevaccineswillbemuchlesseffectiveatpreventingdeathandillnessin2021iftheyareintroducedintoapopulationwherethecoronavirusisstillsevere—asisnowthecaseintheU.S.Avaccineislikeafirehose(消防龙头).Avaccinethat’s95percenteffective,asModerna’sandPfizer’sversionsappeartobe,isapowerfulfirehose.Butthesizeofafireisstillabiggerdeterminantofhowmuchdestructionoccurs.AtthecurrentlevelofinfectionintheU.S.(about200,000confirmednewinfectionsperday),avaccinethatis95percenteffective—distributedattheexpectedpace—wouldstillleaveaterribletoll(伤亡人数)inthesixmonthsafteritwasintroduced.Almost10millionorsoAmericanswouldcatchthevirus,andmorethan160,000woulddie.Thisisfarworsethanthetollinadifferentsituationwherethevaccinewasonly50percenteffectivebuttheU.S.hadreducedtheinfectionratetoitslevelinearlySeptember(about35,000newdailycases).Inthatcase,thedeathtollinthenextsixmonthswouldbekepttoabout60,000.It’sworthpausingforamomentonthiscomparison.IftheU.S.hadmaintaineditsinfectionratefromSeptemberandModernaandPfizerhadannouncedthisfallthattheirvaccineswereonly50percenteffective,alotofpeoplewouldhavepanicked.Buttherealitywehaveisactuallyworse.Howcouldthisbe?Novaccinecangetridofapandemicimmediately,justas.nofirehosecanputoutaforestfire.Whilethevaccineisbeingdistributed,theviruscontinuestododamage.Thereisonepositivewaytolookatthis:Measuresthatreducethevirus’sspread—likemask-wearing,socialdistancingandrapid-resulttesting—canstillhavegreatconsequences.Theycansavemorethan100,000livesincomingmonths.32.Howdoestheauthormainlypresenthisargument?A.Bygivingdefinitions. B.Bycategorizingfacts.C.Bydrawingcomparisons. D.Byappealingtoemotions.33.Whichdoestheauthorthinkisabetterwaytosavelives?A.Improvingtheeffectivenessofthevaccines.B.Producingagreatervarietyofvaccines.C.Lookingatthesituationinapositiveway.D.Wearingmasksandpracticingsocialdistancing.34.Whatdoesparagraph6tellus?A.Thevaccinesarelesseffectivethanexpected.B.TheUShavecontrolledthespreadofthecoronavirus.C.Thedeathtollinthenextsixmonthswillbeabout60,000.D.Fewerpeoplewilldieiftheinfectionrateislower.35.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thevaccineisthehopeofwipingoutthepandemic.B.Thepublicareoptimisticabouttheeffectsofthevaccine.C.Thepublicareconcernedaboutthehighinfectionrate.D.Thedistributionofvaccinewillendthepandemicquickly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Helpingpeopleisthebackboneofahealthysociety.___36___Thisstatementistrueandthefollowingaresomeofthemajorbenefitsofassistingotherpeople.___37___Researchershavedonelotsofworktoprovethathelpingothersdoeshaveagreateffectonaperson’shappiness.Eventhoughweusuallyfeeltheurgetocompetewithotherpeople,takingtimetoassistotherscanbeverybeneficialtous.Thekeytointernaljoyandhappinessissimplyhelpingthoseinneed.Buildtrust.Whenpeopleseethatyouhavegenuineintentionsofassistingthem,itislikelytheyaregoingtobeverygrateful.___38___Helpingpeopleisalsoagoodwaytocreateanddeveloptrustyrelationship,particularlyifyouneverexpectanythingtobegiventoyouinreturn.Improvethecommunity.Thementalityofhelpingpeopleisincreasinginpopularitysincemorepeoplehaverealizedthatwedonotneedtofightforsurvival.Arisingnumberofindividualsnowassistotherswithoutaskingforanythingback.Thishasresultedinthechangeinattitudeandpeoplearenowmoregiving,morewillingandalsomuchreadiertoofferassistance.___39___Helpingotherpeopleisimportantasithelpstoconnectmanypeopletogether.___40___Theendresultisaninspiredcommunityingeneral.A.Increasehappiness.B.Improvementalhealth.C.Thisimprovesthewholecommunityandchangestheatmosphere.D.Itisbelievedthathelpingothersisbasicallyhelpingyourself.E.Asaresult,theyseeyouasacaringpersonandbegintotrustyou.F.Ifyouoftenhelpothers,youwillbecomeamoreresponsibleperson.G.Thosewhoofferhelpandgethelpcometogetherandinspireoneanother.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。NASAphysicistandmathematicianKatherineJohnsonpassedawayonFebruary24,2020.The101-year-oldAfricanAmericanwomanwasa___41___figure,whoplayedasignificantpartintheearlysuccessesoftheU.S.___42___program.Herstorywasbarely___43___tothepublicuntil2016,whenamoviecalledHiddenFigureswas___44___.ItfollowsthelivesofJohnsonandtwoothergreatAfricanAmericanwomen.With___45___butapencilandasliderule,Johnson___46___theexactflightpathsfortheApollo11landingontheMoonin1969.“We’re___47___bythepassingofcelebratedmathematicianKatherineJohnson.Today,we___48___her101yearsoflifeand___49___herlegacyofexcellencethat___50___racialandsocialbarriers,”NASApostedonsocialmedia.Johnson___51___highschoolattheageof10andgraduatedat14.ThefollowingyearsheenteredWestVirginiaStateCollege.Byherjunioryear,shehadtakeneverymathcoursetheschoolhadtooffer.Shefinishedcollegein1937withadouble___52___inFrenchandmathematics.In1939,Johnsonandtwoother___53___studentsbecamethefirstthreeAfricanAmericanstudentsselectedforagraduateprogramatWestVirginiaUniversity,an___54___schoolinMorgantown.Thenshehadher___55___atNASA,from1953to1986.41.A.popular B.legendary C.mysterious D.controversial42.A.pilot B.land C.space D.ocean43.A.connected B.submitted C.applied D.known44.A.shot B.scheduled C.released D.advertised45.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything46.A.entered B.adjusted C.discovered D.calculated47.A.annoyed B.relieved C.depressed D.saddened48.A.celebrate B.trace C.appreciate D.record49.A.miss B.reward C.mourn D.honor50.A.setup B.actedas C.brokedown D.passedthrough51.A.finished B.attended C.missed D.taught52.A.role B.degree C.course D.certification53.A.selfless B.intelligent C.enthusiastic D.courageous54.A.all-male B.all-female C.all-white D.all-black55.A.career B.title C.position D.duty第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第三部分英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whysomanymiddleschoolfriendshipsdon’tlastWespenthoursonthephone,giggledaboutothers,experimentedwithmakeupandsatatthesamecafeteriatableeveryday.Imadetwo___56___(good)friendsinmiddleschoolandforthetwoyearsthatfollowed,Ihadalotoffunwiththemaswe___57___(spend)adolescencetogether.Andthenthefuncametoasuddenstop.Sometimearoundthestartofhighschool,Ihadaquarrelwithoneofmybestfriends,___58___theotheroneandIjustdriftedapart.Thefriendshipsbrokeuprelativelyquickly.Intheend,thingsturnedoutOK.Ifoundnewfriendsandlifewenton,butit’sbeen___59___mysterytomeastowhybothofmyold,dearfriendsfellaway.Accordingtoascientificstudy,thedifferencesbetweenfriendsarebad___60___theirfriendships,___61___(cause)conflict,differencesinterferewithcooperativeactivitiesandsharedpleasures.WhenIthinkaboutit,Irealizetherewereplentyof___62___(difference)betweenmyoldfriendsandme.Aswegrew___63___(old),thosedifferences—academic,social,etc.—becamemoreobvious.MaybehadIknown___64___(exact)howcommontheywereintheteenyears,Imighthavefeltless___65___(depress)aboutthewholethingbackthen.Soifyouexperiencefriendloss,it’snotyourfault.It’sjustscience.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华。你校英语报社（SchoolEnglishNewspaper）将举行2021年度学校“研学（Project-basedlearning）报道”征文比赛，请你用英语为校英语报写一份通知。具体内容包括：1.举办“研学报道”征文比赛的目的；2.参赛的具体要求及说明：①文章篇幅500字，报道我校今年“研学”情况；②将稿件投给校英语报，截止日期2021年9月30日（星期四）；③学校外教任大赛评委；3.获奖者将颁予证书（certificate），以资鼓励。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写(满分15分)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。AsLiaBentleywalkedhomefromschoolonacoldOctoberafternoon,shesawsymmetry(对称)allaroundher:inthefacesofpeopleandtheclothestheywore,inthebuildingsshepassedandinthecarsthatwentby.thebirdsintheskyweresymmetrical,eventheautumnleavesthatcoveredthesidewalk.Allthemonth,Lia’sclasshadbeenstudyingdifferentformsofsymmetry,andLiawasveryinterested.Mr.Ferris,theirscienceteacher,hadgiventhemtheirfinaltask:tofindthemostbeautifulexampleofsymmetryandgiveareporttotheclassonit.Lialookedatthetaskinhernotebook.Themostbeautifulexampleofsymmetry,shethought.Whatonearthcouldthatbe?Halfwaythroughtheschoolyear,she’dbeengivenamicroscope(显微镜)forherbirthday.Nowsherealizedthatshecoulduseittostudysymmetry.Shesetupwhatshecalled“laboratory”inthesmallwoodenhouse.Themicroscopestoodonatable.Shehopedtofindanexampleofsymmetrythatwouldstandoutfromalltheothers.Liaspenthoursontheexaminationofcellsanddropsofpondwaterfullofstrangesymmetricallife.Althoughshewassurprisedbywhatshesaw,ittroubledherthatnoneofitwastrulybeautiful.Liastayedinthewoodenhouseuntilherfathercalledherinside.“Comeon,Lia.It’sgettingcoldout.Theweatherforecastsaysit’sgoingtosnow.”Liasuddenlyfeltsad.Snowmeantwinterwasonitsway.Thecoldweatherwouldmeanfewerthingstolookatunderthemicroscope.Snowwouldoftencoverthearealikeablanket,hidingeverythingfromsight.“Comeinside!”herfathercalledagain.“Bethereinaminute,Dad!”Liacalledback.Justthen,thedoorofthewoodenhousewasblownopenbysshortstrongwind.Assheturnedherheadagainstthewind,shecaughtsightofasinglesnowflake(雪花)thathadblownintothewoodenhouseandontothestage(载物台)ofhermicroscope.注意：1.续写词数应在150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Lialookedthroughthemicroscope,andtohersurprise,shesawthemostbeautifulexampleofsymmetryshecouldeverhaveimagined.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Suddenly,Liahadanidea––sherantoherhouseandpickeduphercamera.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）【答案】1-5CABAC6-10BBCBB11-15BABCC16-20ACBCA第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）【答案】21-23DAD【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期二周的鲨鱼保护之旅的具体安排和活动细节。21.细节理解题。根据TheDAY-BY-DAYschedule中“Day1:ArriveinCapeTownonaSunday.(星期天到达开普敦。)”和“Day2:Youwillreceiveawelcomeandheadouttoseatowitnessyourfirstsharks!(您将受到欢迎，并出海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！)”可知，周日到达观测鲨鱼的地方，第二天看到第一条鲨鱼。由此可知，在这次观测鲨鱼之旅的日程安排中，周一可以开始观测鲨鱼之旅。故选D。22.细节理解题。根据“Day3+:Mostdaysyouwillbeoutontheboatwiththesharks,dependingonweather.(第三天以后：根据天气情况，大部分时间你会和鲨鱼一起出海。)”可知，如果天气情况许可，第三天你海上航行观测鲨鱼。故选A。23.细节理解题。根据第一段“Takeatwo-weektrip…”和倒数第四段“Thepriceis£829,includingthevoluntaryworkprogrammewithaccommodations,airporttransfers,onenightinaguesthouseinCapeTown,breakfastsdailyandluncheswhenontheboats.Yourtripcanbeextendedatacostof£375perweek.(价格为829英镑，包括志愿工作计划，包括住宿、机场接送、在开普敦的宾馆住一晚、每天早餐和船上午餐。您的旅行可以延长，每周费用为375英镑。)”可知，因为这是一个两周的旅行项目，所以为期三周的鲨鱼保护之旅，你需要支付：£829+£375=£1204。故选D。【答案】24-27BDAD【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者讲述了自己阅读黑兹尔·米勒写的《编辑是怎么做的》有感，就此结合实际进行了思考以及对潜在作者表达了希望其能为未来的读者发自内心地写作。24.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inourmagazine’sdocumentroom,fromtheJune1920issue,Idiscoveredapiece,WhatEditorsDo,byHazelMiller.(在我们杂志的资料室，1920年6月号的那一期，我发现了一篇黑兹尔·米勒(HazelMiller)写的文章《编辑是怎么做的》。)”可知，作者可能是一个编辑。故选B项。25.细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhentheWarendedinNovember,1918,someeditorsstillhadagoodlysupplyofwarfictionandarticles—forwhichtheyhadpaidrealmoney—ontheirhands,whichmostpeoplebynowarefedupwith.(1918年11月战争结束时，有些编辑还保留着大量的战争小说和文章——他们花现金买的，但现在大多数人已经厌倦了。)”可知，米勒的话暗示了有些编辑储存了太多的战争资料。故选D项。26.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Herwordshavestuckwithmeforthepast12monthsaswe’veweighedwhichCOVID-19storiestorunandwhichtohold.(在过去的12个月里，当我们权衡哪些报道应该报道，哪些报道应该保留时，她的话一直萦绕在我心头。)”可知，作者发现，米勒的话在决定发表哪篇COVID-19报道时特别有用。故选A项。27.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“…isn’titbettertohavestorieswrittenfromtheheartthatyouaretrulyenthusiasticaboutratherthansometopleaseanever-changingpublishingmarket?(比起迎合不断变化的发行市场，写一些发自内心的故事不是更好吗?)”和最后一段中“…Writingthestoriesyouneedtotell…(…写出你需要讲的故事…)”可知，对于潜在作者，作者希望其能为未来的读者发自内心地写作。故选D项。【答案】28-31BACA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宁夏银川市通过安装超过200万块光伏板，将太阳能转换成电能，从而建成了世界上最大的光伏发电站，并为全国各地的城市供电，也带动了当地的经济，帮助当地人过上了更好的生活。28.细节理解题。根据第一段“DrivingtotheeastfromcitycenterofYinchuan,capitalcityinNorthwestChina’sNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,millionsofmidnightbluesolarpanelswouldsuddenlycomeintoviewontheslopesofgullies,likeablueocean.(从中国西北部宁夏回族自治区首府银川市中心向东行驶，午夜数百万块蓝色的太阳能电池板会突然出现在山坡上的沟壑上，就像蓝色的海洋)”以及第二段中“Thenin2016,tomakefulluseoftheland,overthegojiplantation,HuaweiSmartPVsupportedtheNingxiaBaofengEnergyGroupinbuildingasolarpowersystem,whichcanalsoconserveenergyandreduceemissions.(2016年，为了充分利用土地，华为智能光伏通过枸杞种植园，支持宁夏宝丰能源集团建设节能减排的太阳能发电系统)”可知，蓝色海洋般的景象主要是由华为支持的光伏板构成的。故选B。29.推理判断题。根据第三段中“AttheendofDecemberlastyear,comparedwithtraditionalcoalpowerstation,thesolarfarmisestimatedtoreduceemissionsofCO2by2.047milliontons,equaltoplantingaround89milliontrees.(去年12月底，与传统的燃煤发电厂相比，太阳能发电厂预计可减少二氧化碳排放204.7万吨，相当于种植了约8900万棵树)”可推知，太阳能发电系统很环保。故选A。30.推理判断题。根据最后一段““Povertyalleviationisjustafirststep,wearehighlymotivatednow,andafterfiveyears,youwillseeanevenbetterpicture,”alocalresidenttoldtheGlobalTimesonTuesday.(周二，一名当地居民告诉《环球时报》：“扶贫只是第一步，我们现在的积极性很高，五年后，你会看到更好的景象。”)”可推知，当地人受到了太阳能系统的鼓舞。故选C。31.主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Allthatsunlightabsorbedbythemorethan2millionphotovoltaic(PV)panelsisconvertedintoelectricitythatflowsintothegrid,creatingtheworld'slargestPVpowerplantandpowerscitiesacrossthecountry.Underthepanelsarealsoplantedgoji,whichwiththesolarparktogetherturnedtheoncedesertedlandintoan“oasis”andhelpedlocalstoleadbetterlives.(超过200万块光伏板吸收的所有阳光被转换成电能流入电网，从而建成了世界上最大的光伏发电站，并为全国各地的城市供电。电池板下面还种植了枸杞，它和太阳能公园一起把曾经荒芜的土地变成了“绿洲”，帮助当地人过上了更好的生活)”结合文章主要介绍了宁夏银川市通过安装超过200万块光伏板，将太阳能转换成电能，从而建成了世界上最大的光伏发电站，并为全国各地的城市供电，也带动了当地的经济，帮助当地人过上了更好的生活。可知，A选项“太阳能‘海洋’帮助人们摆脱贫困”最符合文章标题。故选A。【答案】32-35CDDB【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了在疫情下，疫苗并不能有效地阻止新冠传播，最有效的方法还是戴上口罩，保持适当的距离。32.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Avaccineislikeafirehose.Avaccinethat’s95percenteffective,asModerna’sandPfizer’sversionsappeartobe,isapowerfulfirehose.Butthesizeofafireisstillabiggerdeterminantofhowmuchdestructionoccurs.(疫苗就像消防水带。就像Moderna和Pfizer的版本一样，这种具有95％效力的疫苗是一种强大的消防水带。但是，火的大小仍是更大程度地决定发生多少破坏的决定因素)”可知，作者将新冠疫苗比作消防水带，引出疫情的影响并不是由疫苗所控制的。故选C。33.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thereisonepositivewaytolookatthis:Measuresthatreducethevirus’sspread—likemask-wearing,socialdistancingandrapid-resulttesting—canstillhavegreatconsequences.Theycansavemorethan100,000livesincomingmonths.(有一个积极的方法可以解决这一问题：减少病毒传播的措施（例如戴口罩，远离社会和进行快速结果检测）会产生重大后果。在未来几个月中，他们可以挽救100,000多条生命)”可知，作者认为戴口罩，保持社交距离是最有效预防新冠的措施。故选D。34.推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Thisisfarworsethanthetollinadifferentsituationwherethevaccinewasonly50percenteffectivebuttheU.S.hadreducedtheinfectionratetoitslevelinearlySeptember(about35,000newdailycases).Inthatcase,thedeathtollinthenextsixmonthswouldbekepttoabout60,000.(这远比在另一种情况下造成的损失要糟糕得多，在这种情况下，疫苗的有效率仅为50％，但美国已将感染率降低到9月初的水平（每天约有35,000例新病例）。在这种情况下，未来六个月的死亡人数将保持在60,000人左右)”可知，美国的感染率下降到9月初的水平，死亡人数也相应减少。由此推知，感染率降低死亡人数也会减少。故选D。35.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thevaccinenewscontinuestoseemveryencouraging.BritainstarteditsmassvaccinationeffortandtheU.S.isn’tfarbehind.(疫苗新闻似乎仍然令人鼓舞。英国开始大规模疫苗接种工作，而美国也紧随其后)”可知，人们非常乐于接种新冠疫苗。再结合倒数第四段“IftheU.S.hadmaintaineditsinfectionratefromSeptemberandModernaandPfizerhadannouncedthisfallthattheirvaccineswereonly50percenteffective,alotofpeoplewouldhavepanicked.如果美国从9月开始保持感染率，并且如果Moderna和Pfizer今年秋天宣布其疫苗的有效率仅为50％，那么很多人就会感到恐慌)”可知，如果宣布疫苗有效率仅为50%的话，人们就会感到恐慌。由此推断出，大众乐于接受疫苗，是因为大众认为疫苗有效率高可以防御新冠，所以公众对疫苗的效果持乐观态度。故选B。【答案】36-40DAECG【解析】本文是一篇说明文。帮助他人是健康社会的支柱，文章主要介绍了帮助别人的几个益处。36.根据上文“Helpingpeopleisthebackboneofahealthysociety.(帮助他人是健康社会的支柱)”以及后文“Thisstatementistrueandthefollowingaresomeofthemajorbenefitsofassistingotherpeople.(这个说法是正确的，以下是帮助他人的一些主要好处)”可知，上文提到了帮助他人的行为，后文则提到这种说法是正确的，可知本句是在说明后文提到的说法是什么。故D选项“人们认为帮助别人基本上就是帮助自己”符合语境，故选D。37.根据后文“Researchershavedonelotsofworktoprovethathelpingothersdoeshaveagreateffectonaperson’shappiness.Eventhoughweusuallyfeeltheurgetocompetewithotherpeople,takingtimetoassistotherscanbeverybeneficialtous.Thekeytointernaljoyandhappinessissimplyhelpingthoseinneed.(研究人员做了大量的工作来证明帮助他人确实对一个人的幸福有很大的影响。尽管我们通常都有和别人竞争的冲动，但花时间帮助别人对我们来说是非常有益的。内心快乐和幸福的关键就是帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，后文提到研究证明帮助他人可以给人带来幸福，故本段说明的帮助别人的好处是：增加幸福感。故A选项“增加幸福感”符合语境，故选A。38.根据上文“Whenpeopleseethatyouhavegenuineintentionsofassistingthem,itislikelytheyaregoingtobeverygrateful.(当人们看到你真心诚意地帮助他们时，他们很可能会非常感激你)”可知，上文提到人们会感激真心诚意帮助他们的人，故本句与上文构成因果关系，说明这种行为会对自己产生的影响。故E选项“因此，他们会认为你是一个有爱心的人，并开始信任你”符合语境，故选E。39.根据上文“Improvethecommunity.Thementalityofhelpingpeopleisincreasinginpopularitysincemorepeoplehaverealizedthatwedonotneedtofightforsurvival.Arisingnumberofindividualsnowassistotherswithoutaskingforanythingback.Thishasresultedinthechangeinattitudeandpeoplearenowmoregiving,morewillingandalsomuchreadiertoofferassistance.(改善社区。帮助人的心态越来越受欢迎，因为越来越多的人意识到我们不需要为生存而斗争。现在越来越多的人在不要求任何回报的情况下帮助别人。这导致了态度的改变，人们现在更乐于给予，更愿意，也更乐意提供帮助)”可知，本段的中心思想是帮助他人