福建省漳州市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题【含答案解析】

漳州市2024-2025学年(上)期末高中教学质量检测高二英语试题（共150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouthertrip?A.Thetraffic. B.Theweather. C.Thescenery.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:HowwasyourtriptoLondon?W:Itwasfantastic.Ivisitedalotofplaces,churches,museumsandtheroyalpalacesandtheweatherwasfine.Horribletrafficthough.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidtheconcertend?A.At7:00. B.At9:00. C.At10:00.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatdidyoudolastnight,Jenny?W:Iwenttotheconcert.Itwasexciting.M:Wow,Ienvyyou.Whattimedidtheconcertbegin?W:ItstartedatsevenPMandlastedforthreehours.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Running. B.Fishing. C.Wrestling.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Wow,itlookslikeyoucaughtabigone,holdontight.Don'tletitgo.W:Ididn'trealizethesethingsweresostrong.HoldontomesoIdon'tfallintothewater.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydoesKarenhardlyeatredmeat?A.Shedislikestheirtaste. B.Shewantstostayhealthy.C.Sheisn’tgoodatcookingthem.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Doyoulikeeatingbeef?Karen?W:Notreally.Ihardlyeatredmeatsuchasbeef,porkandmutton.Iusuallyeatchicken.M:Why?W:Manystudieshavetiedredmeat,foodtocancerandheartdisease,soIthinkI’dbetteravoidsuchrisks.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowdoesMarkprobablyfeelaboutthemountainlions’condition?A.Concerned. B.Angry. C.Satisfied.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:MarkthisreportsaidthatmountainlionsinsouthernCaliforniawereatriskofdisappearingwithin50years.M:Really,I’msosadtohearthat.Idohopeactionwillbetakentohelprescuethem.Thisspeciesisveryimportanttous.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabookstore. B.Inalibrary. C.Inasupermarket.7.Howdoesthemanfindthefine?A.It’stoomuch. B.It’sunnecessary. C.It’sacceptable.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:WhatcanIdoforyou?M:I’dliketoreturnthesebooks.W:Okay,whathappenedtothisbook?M:Idroppeditandthecovertoreoff.Sorry.W:Well,I’mafraidyou'llhavetopayafineforthedamage.M:Howmuch?W:Threedollars?M:That’snottoobad.W:Youcanpayitnoworattheendofthemonth.M:I’llpayitnow.Hereyouare.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdidthewomanorder?A.Acamera. B.Amobilephone. C.Acomputer.9.Whydoesthewomancanceltheorder?A.Thedeliveryisdelayed. B.Thepresentpriceislower. C.Shechosethewrongproduct.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Iorderedafive-GmobilephoneonyourwebsiteyesterdaybutIreceivedanemailsayingIhavetowaitsevenmoredays.M:Doyouhavetheordernumber?W:Yes,it’seightzerofivethreeonea.M:I'mverysorrybutthisproducthasbeensoldout.W:Butit’smyfriend’sbirthdaytomorrow.M:Isee.Well,wouldyouliketoordersomethingelse?Wehavecamerasandcomputers.W:IprefertheproductIordered.M:Oh,I’msorryaboutthat.Wouldyouliketocanceltheorder?W:Yes,Ithinkso.Howdoesthatwork?M:Well,we’llreturn699poundstoyou.W:That’sokay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatattractedvisitorstotheparkatfirst?A.Thelocalhistory. B.Itsnaturalspring. C.Itsentertainment.11.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparkduringtheregionoftheroyalfamily?A.Itwasrebuilt. B.Itwasdestroyed. C.Itwasn’topentothepublic.12.WhatisMark’sattitudetowardthepark?A.Opposed. B.Casual. C.Favorable.【答案】10.B11.C12.C【解析】【原文】W:Mark,doyouknowwheretheworld’soldestamusementparkislocated?M:Isn’titintheUnitedStates?W:No,anditdoesn’tsitintheUKeither.It’scalledbakkenandislocatedinDenmark.M:Sowhenwasitopened?W:Itwasopenedin1583.Thefirstattractionwasactuallyallnatural.Theareaishometoanaturalspring,whichwassocleanthatattractedmanypeopleintheearly16thcentury.Thenmoreandmorepeoplecametheretochatandplaygames.Also,lotsofentertainersgivetheirbestshows.M:Soundsgreat.Itseemsthatitwassopopular.W:Yes,butitwasnotalwayslikethat.Duringtheregionoftheroyalfamily,itbecameaclosedareatothepublic.M:It’sapity.W:Butluckily,undertheleadershipofKingFrederickV,itwasdevelopedandreopenedtothepublicinthe18thcentury.That’swhenmoreperformers,businessmenandridesslowlytookover.M:Isitstillopen?W:Yes,itisstillopentodaywithdifferentrollercoasters,Ferriswheelsandotherrides.Shallwevisititoneday?M:Soundsgreat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatisJuliandoing?A.Planningherbudget. B.Conductinganinterview. C.Givingadviceonstudies.14.WhichcostsMattmosteachmonth?A.Food. B.Clothes. C.Books.15.HowmuchdoesMattspendonsportsamonth?A.About$15. B.About$30. C.About$50.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Schoolmates. C.Co-workers.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】此为听力题，解析略听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whydidthefamilygotothefarm?A.Togetpumpkins. B.Todovolunteerwork. C.Toexperiencerurallife.18.WhatdidthespeakerandJasondowiththepumpkins?A.Theyweighedthem. B.Theyemptiedthem. C.Theydecoratedthem.19.Whatproblemdidthespeakerhave?A.Failingtohelpouthisbrother.B.Choosingaverysmallpumpkin.C.Havinghisheadstuckinthepumpkin.20.Whatdidthefatherdofirstafterknowingthespeaker’ssituation?A.Herecordedthescene. B.Hecomfortedthespeaker. C.Hetaughtthekidsalesson:【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】PumpkincarvingatHalloweenisafamilytradition.WhenIwasateenager,myfamilyvisitedalocalfarmeveryOctober.Therewecouldpickpumpkins,andtheonewhobroughtthebiggestonetoourcarwasthewinner.SinceIwastheeldestchild,Ihadanadvantage.in2019whenIwassixteen,ItwashardtotellwhethermineormyfourteenyearoldbrotherJason’swasthewinner.Unfortunately,weforgottoweighthembeforeemptyingthem.Withtheemptypumpkinrestingonthetable,Idecidedtoputmyheadintoittoproveitwasthebiggest.Withefforts,Isucceededindoingthat,however,thepumpkinwasheavyandIdecidedtopullmyheadout.Sadly,Iwasunabletodothat.Jasontriedtohelpbutitdidn’twork.Iwasscaredandstartedtocry.ItwasdadwhorespondedtomycriesforhelpbutIwaskeptwaitingforawhile.First,hehadtolookforthevideocamera.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoTechGatheringRanchoCucamonga!JoinusatFiveStarEventCenterforanexcitingtechevent.Enjoyfreshcoffeeandtastybreakfast,andfeelfreetobringyourlaptopordevicestorelaxandworkonprojectsduringthepresentations.Wehaveplentyofdeskspace!TheRanchoTechGatheringisamonthlymeetingfortechlovers,businessowners,andinnovators.Discoverthelatesttrendsinthetechindustry,meetlike-mindedprofessionals,andgaininsightsfromexperts.Don’tmissthischancetolearnandconnectwiththetechcommunity.Markyourcalendarsforanunforgettableevent!AtTheTechGathering,webringtogethertechworkers,hobbyists,andentrepreneurs(企业家)inafriendlysettingfortechdiscussions:ExploreNewIdeas:DiveintotalksonrecentAIadvancements,toolsthatboostbusinessefficiency,andinnovationsthatimprovedailylife.FuelforThought:Enjoydeliciouscoffeeandbreakfasttokickstartyourmorningoflearningandnetworking.EngagingFormats:Experiencedifferentstylesoftechtalks,speakingpanels,andinteractiveQ&Asessions.YourVoiceMatters:Exchangeyourthoughtsandconnectwithfellowtechfans.Don’tmissoutonbeingpartofRanchoCucamonga’stechcommunity.Bringyourcuriosityandjoinusforamorningofinnovationandknowledgeexchange!Note:Byattending,youagreetobephotographedandfilmed,withmediapossiblyusedforpromotions.Ifyouprefernottoappear,lettheorganizersknowatthebeginning.21.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheRanchoTechGathering?A.Tomakebusinessdeals. B.Toofferrelaxationactivities.C.Tosharetechinsights. D.TopromoteAIdevelopment.22.Whatgroupsarethegatheringintendedfor?A.Innovatorsandcoffeelovers. B.Businessownersandtechfans.C.Professionalsandadvertisers. D.Techworkersandspeakers.23.Whatmightonedoatthegathering?A.Establishatechcommunity. B.TestpracticalAIapplications.C.Enjoyfreecoffeeandmeals. D.Takepartindiscussionsonnewtech.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了RanchoCucamonga科技聚会，旨在吸引对科技感兴趣的人参加这个活动。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheRanchoTechGatheringisamonthlymeetingfortechlovers,businessowners,andinnovators.Discoverthelatesttrendsinthetechindustry,meetlike-mindedprofessionals,andgaininsightsfromexperts.(Rancho科技聚会是一个面向科技爱好者、企业主和创新者的月度会议。发现科技行业的最新趋势，结识志同道合的专业人士，并获得专家的见解。)”可知Rancho科技聚会是让科技爱好者、企业主和创新者结识志同道合的专业人士，并获得专家的见解，所以目的就是分享技术见解，故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheRanchoTechGatheringisamonthlymeetingfortechlovers,businessowners,andinnovators.Discoverthelatesttrendsinthetechindustry,meetlike-mindedprofessionals,andgaininsightsfromexperts.(Rancho科技聚会是一个面向科技爱好者、企业主和创新者的月度会议。发现科技行业的最新趋势，结识志同道合的专业人士，并获得专家的见解。)”可知聚会的对象有科技爱好者和企业主。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“AtTheTechGathering,webringtogethertechworkers,hobbyists,andentrepreneurs(企业家)inafriendlysettingfortechdiscussions:ExploreNewIdeas:DiveintotalksonrecentAIadvancements,toolsthatboostbusinessefficiency,andinnovationsthatimprovedailylife.(在科技聚会上，我们将技术工作者、爱好者和企业家聚集在一个友好的环境中进行技术讨论。探索新想法：深入讨论最近的人工智能进展，提高业务效率的工具，以及改善日常生活的创新。)”可知在聚会上可以参与关于新技术的讨论。故选D。BLyudmilaTrut,thepioneeringgeneticistwholedthegroundbreakingexperimentindomestication(驯化)usingfoxes,passedawayonOctober9,justshyofher91stbirthday.Overher66-yearcareer,sheandhercolleaguestransformedapopulationofsilverfoxesonafarminNovosibirsk,Russia,intoaremarkablegroupofdomesticated,lovelyanimals.Thiswork,whichbeganin1958undertheguidanceofgeneticistDmitriBelyaev,isnowconsideredalandmarkinunderstandingdomestication.TrutandBelyaevproposedthatdomesticationsyndrome(综合征)—asetofcharacteristicsseenindomesticatedanimals,suchassoftears,curlytails,andfriendlybehavior—waslinkedtogenespromotingcalmnessandfriendlinesstowardhumans.Throughdecadesofcarefulselection,theydemonstratedthatbyconsistentlychoosingthecalmestfoxestoraise,thesecharacteristicscouldbereproduced.Thiscompletelychangedtheunderstandingofhowdomesticationmayhaveoccurredindogsandotherspecies.DespitethepoliticalrisksofconductinggeneticresearchduringthespecialperiodintheSovietUnion,Trutpressedforward.Shespentdecadesselectingandkeepingfoxesthatwerepeacefulandfriendly,transformingapopulationofwildanimalsintoaffectionate(有感情的)companions.Onespecialfox,Pushinka,evenlivedwithTrutintheearly1970s,formingadeepbondthatreflectedthesuccessoftheexperiment.Evenindifficulttimes,suchasduringtheeconomiccrisisfollowingthefalloftheSovietUnion,Trutworkedtirelesslytokeeptheexperimentalive.Shesoughtdonationsbywritingarticlesandpersorrallyaskingforsupporttoensurethefoxeswerecaredforandtheresearchcouldcontinue.ThoughTrutoftencreditedhertutorBelyaev,shewasthedrivingforcebehindthespecificbreedingproceduresanddailymanagementoftheexperiment,devotingmorethan23,000daystoherwork.Herheritage,andtheheritageofthefoxesshedevotedherlifeto,liveson,asshehopedthefoxeswouldcontinuetogrowwellafterherpassing.24.WhatistheprimaryachievementofLyudmilaTrut?A.Shediscoverednewfoxspecies.B.Shepioneeredageneticresearchmethod.C.Shedomesticatedagroupoffoxessuccessfully.D.Shepromotedthetechniquesinanimalbreeding.25.HowdidTrutcontinueherresearchduringtoughtimes?A.Bycooperatingwithglobalresearchers.B.Byseekingdonationsandsupport.C.Byshiftingfocustootheranimals.D.ByturningtohertutorBelyaev.26.WhatbestdescribesLyudmilaTrut?A.Calmandcurious. B.Modestandcooperative.C.Passionateandpeaceful. D.Observantandpersistent.27.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.AnExampleforAllWomenB.APioneerinHuman-AnimalRelationshipC.LyudmilaTrut:TurningWildFoxesintoMan’sBestFriendD.LyudmilaTrut:AchievingaBreakthroughinGeneticResearch【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了LyudmilaTrut将野生狐狸驯化变成可爱的家养动物的事迹。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“LyudmilaTrut,thepioneeringgeneticistwholedthegroundbreakingexperimentindomestication(驯化)usingfoxes,passedawayonOctober9,justshyofher91stbirthday.Overher66-yearcareer,sheandhercolleaguestransformedapopulationofsilverfoxesonafarminNovosibirsk,Russia,intoaremarkablegroupofdomesticated,lovelyanimals.(卢德米拉·特鲁特（LyudmilaTrut）是一位开创性遗传学家，她领导了利用狐狸进行驯化实验的开创性工作。特鲁特女士于10月9日去世，享年90岁零11个月。在她66年的职业生涯中，她和她的同事们把俄罗斯新西伯利亚一个农场的一群银狐变成了一群出色的家养可爱的动物)”可知，LyudmilaTrut主要的成就是成功地驯服了一群狐狸。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Evenindifficulttimes,suchasduringtheeconomiccrisisfollowingthefalloftheSovietUnion,Trutworkedtirelesslytokeeptheexperimentalive.Shesoughtdonationsbywritingarticlesandpersorrallyaskingforsupporttoensurethefoxeswerecaredforandtheresearchcouldcontinue.(即使在困难时期，比如苏联解体后的经济危机期间，特鲁特也不知疲倦地工作，以使这项实验得以继续下去。她通过写文章和亲自请求支持来寻求捐款，以确保狐狸得到照顾，研究可以继续进行)”可知，在困难的时期，Trut通过寻求捐赠和支持继续她的研究。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“TrutandBelyaevproposedthatdomesticationsyndrome(综合征)—asetofcharacteristicsseenindomesticatedanimals,suchassoftears,curlytails,andfriendlybehavior—waslinkedtogenespromotingcalmnessandfriendlinesstowardhumans.(Trut和Belyaev提出，驯化综合征（家养动物的一组特征，如柔软的耳朵、卷曲的尾巴和友好的行为）与促进对人类冷静和友好的基因有关)”及第三段“DespitethepoliticalrisksofconductinggeneticresearchduringthespecialperiodintheSovietUnion,Trutpressedforward.(尽管在苏联特殊时期进行基因研究存在政治风险，但特鲁特还是坚持了下来)”可知，卢德米拉·特鲁特（LyudmilaTrut）提出了驯化综合征，说明是善于观察的；且遇到困难，她还是继续坚持，说明她持之以恒。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“LyudmilaTrut,thepioneeringgeneticistwholedthegroundbreakingexperimentindomestication(驯化)usingfoxes,passedawayonOctober9,justshyofher91stbirthday.Overher66-yearcareer,sheandhercolleaguestransformedapopulationofsilverfoxesonafarminNovosibirsk,Russia,intoaremarkablegroupofdomesticated,lovelyanimals.(卢德米拉·特鲁特（LyudmilaTrut）是一位开创性的遗传学家，她领导了利用狐狸进行驯化实验的开创性工作。特鲁特女士于10月9日去世，享年90岁零11个月。在她66年的职业生涯中，她和她的同事们把俄罗斯新西伯利亚一个农场的一群银狐变成了一群出色的家养可爱的动物)”可知，本文介绍了LyudmilaTrut将野生狐狸驯化变成可爱的家养动物的事迹，C选项“卢德米拉·特鲁特：把野生狐狸变成人类最好的朋友”符合本文主旨。故选C。COurbrainsareborntolookforthreats,tomakeaplantoaddressthosethreatsandkeepussafe.Thoseperceivedthreatsmaybebasedonthe“whatifs”weimaginecouldhappeninthefuture.Actually,our“whatifs”canbringupalotofnegativeemotion,whichmeanswecaneasilygetstuckonthoughtsandkeepgoingoverthem.Peoplewhohavehadpriorchallengesorexperiencedsetbackmayhavecometoexpectthreatsandlookforthemmorethanpeoplewhohavenothadadversities.Deepthinkers,peoplewhoareprone(易于的)toanxietyorlowmood,andthosewhoaresensitiveorfeelemotionsdeeplyarealsomorelikelytoruminateandoverthink.Also,whenwearestressed,ouremotionstendtobestrongerandlastlonger,andourthoughtscanbelessaccurate,whichmeanswecangetstuckonthoughtsmorethanwewouldusually.Yourthoughtsarenotnecessarilytrueoraccurate,butwhenweoverthinkandhavethemonrepeat,theycanstarttofeeltruebecausetheybecomefamiliar.Ausefulwaytomanageruminationoroverthinkingis“change,accept,andletgo”.Specifically,challengeandchangeaspectsofyourthoughtswhereyoucan.Comingupwithamorerealisticthoughtcanhelpstopthecircleoftheunhelpfulthought.Furthermore,we’dbetterfigureouthowwefeelaboutsomethingandaddressthosefeelings.Ratherthanrefusethem,acceptingyouremotionsandfindingwaystomanagethosewillbehelpful.Youcanevenmakeaplanfordealingwithfuturepossibilitiesyourthoughtsareraising.However,itisdifficulttoplanforalleventualities(可能的事).Whatyoucandoistomakeaplanforoneortwoofthemorelikelypossibilitiesandaccepttheremaybethingsthathappenyouhaven’tthoughtof.Afterall,lifeunavoidablyinvolvesalackofcompletecontroloveroutcomesandpossibilities.So,thelastpartislettinggooftheneedtoknowexactlyhowthingswillturnout,andbelievinginyourabilitytocopewithdifferentsituations.28.What’sthemainfunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Togiveanexample. B.Tomakeadefinition.C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Todescribeaphenomenon.29.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedword“adversities”inparagraph2?A.Advantages. B.Opportunities.C.Qualities. D.Barriers.30.Whatkindofpeoplegetstuckonthoughtseasily?A.Peopleunderpressure.B.Peoplelikelytosucceed.C.Peoplewitharealisticthought.D.Peoplebarelyexperiencingchallenges.31.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howtoplanforfuture.B.Howtoacceptemotions.C.Howtoaddressyourfeelings.D.Howtodealwithfuturepossibilities.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是人类大脑天生就倾向于寻找威胁，并制定计划来应对这些威胁以确保自身的安全。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ourbrainsareborntolookforthreats,tomakeaplantoaddressthosethreatsandkeepussafe.Thoseperceivedthreatsmaybebasedonthe“whatifs”weimaginecouldhappeninthefuture.Actually,our“whatifs”canbringupalotofnegativeemotion,whichmeanswecaneasilygetstuckonthoughtsandkeepgoingoverthem.(我们的大脑天生就会寻找威胁，制定计划来应对这些威胁，保证我们的安全。这些感知到的威胁可能是基于我们对未来可能发生的“假设”的想象。事实上，我们的“万一”会带来很多负面情绪，这意味着我们很容易陷入想法中，并不断地思考它们。)”可知文章第一段提出了我们的大脑天生就会寻找威胁，并制定计划来应对这些威胁以保证我们安全的话题，文章第二至四段集中围绕这一话题展开，第五段对全文进行总结，所以第一段的作用是提出话题，故选C项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词之前“Peoplewhohavehadpriorchallengesorexperiencedsetbackmayhavecometoexpectthreatsandlookforthemmorethanpeoplewhohavenothad(那些之前经历过挑战或挫折的人可能会比那些没有经历过的人更容易预料到威胁，并寻找威胁)”可知此处比较的是经历过挫折或挑战与没经历过挫折或挑战的人的不同表现，所以划线词adversities与句中setback(挫折)为同义词，由此可知划线词adversities与D项barriers(障碍；阻力)意思相近，故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Also,whenwearestressed,ouremotionstendtobestrongerandlastlonger,andourthoughtscanbelessaccurate,whichmeanswecangetstuckonthoughtsmorethanwewouldusually.(此外，当我们有压力时，我们的情绪往往会更强烈，持续的时间更长，我们的想法可能会不那么准确，这意味着我们会比平时更容易陷入想法中。)”可知，有压力的人容易被想法所困，故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Furthermore,we’dbetterfigureouthowwefeelaboutsomethingandaddressthosefeelings.Ratherthanrefusethem,acceptingyouremotionsandfindingwaystomanagethosewillbehelpful.(此外，我们最好弄清楚我们对某事的感觉，并解决这些感觉。与其拒绝它们，不如接受你的情绪，并找到管理它们的方法，这将是有帮助的。)”及第四段的其他内容可知，第四段主要讲的是如何接受情绪，故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。NewStudy:ThisPolitePhraseMaySoonBeaThingofthePastItturnsoutthatsaying“please”isn’tascommon—orpolite—asyouthink.NewresearchpublishedinSocialPsychologyQuarterlyfoundthatpeopleusetheword“please”whenmakingarequestadismal(凄凉的)7%ofthetime.Evenmoreinteresting:____32____“Wedefinitelyweresurprisedbytheresults,”saysTanyaStivers,aprofessorofsociologyatUCLA.Notonlydopeopleuse“please”lessthan10%ofthetimewhenmakingrequests,buttheyalsotendtouseitmostwhentheyexpecta“no”responseishappeningsoon.____33____Thestudyfoundthatmoreoftenthannot,thispolitehabitisbeingusedinpushy(死缠硬磨的)situations.____34____Here’swhatthestudyfound:whenaskingsomeonetostopdoingwhatthey’redoinganddowhattheaskerwantsinstead,suchasinterruptingacolleagueatworktoaskforhelpwithyourprojectoryourchildaskingformorecandyafteryou’vealreadysaidno.Cansaying“please”stillbepolite?____35____“Ifsomeoneistryingtobemorepolite,Iwouldrecommendaddingotherpolitephrasesfirst,beforeaddinginmore‘pleases’”Stiversays.“Exampleofpoliterequeststhatdon’tuse“please”:Wouldyoubeavailable?Mindgivingmeaquickhandwiththis?Bottomline:Notsaying“please”doesn’tmeanthatyou’rebeingimpolite.____36____Themostimportantpartofhavinggoodbehaviouristreatingtheotherpersonwithkindnessandrespect,bothinwordanddeed.A.Saying“please”israre.B.Issaying“please”actuallyrude?C.Technically,yes,aslongasyoudon’toveruseit.D.Andsaying“please”doesn’tensurethatyouarebeingpolite.E.Thesurveywasaboutthesameacrossage,genderandsocialstatus.F.Sowhenarepeoplemostlikelytouse“please”inrequest-makingsituations?G.Thestudyinvestigatedwhenandwherepeopleuse“please”ineverydayrequests.【答案】32.E33.B34.F35.C36.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是新的研究表明说“请”并不像我们想象的那么常见或礼貌，因此这个礼貌用语可能很快就会成为过去。【32题详解】空前“NewresearchpublishedinSocialPsychologyQuarterlyfoundthatpeopleusetheword“please”whenmakingarequestadismal(凄凉的)7%ofthetime.Evenmoreinteresting:(发表在《社会心理学季刊》上的一项新研究发现，人们在提出请求时使用“请”这个词的几率为7%。更有趣的是：)”可知，选项承接上文说明有趣的发现的内容，E项Thesurveywasaboutthesameacrossage,genderandsocialstatus.(不同年龄、性别和社会地位的人的调查结果基本相同。)指出了研究的更为有趣的发现，与上文衔接紧密，而且选项中的Thesurvey与空前的Newresearch属于同义词复现，符合上下文语境，故选E项。【33题详解】根据空后“Thestudyfoundthatmoreoftenthannot,thispolitehabitisbeingusedinpushy(死缠硬磨的)situations.(研究发现，这种礼貌的习惯通常是在咄咄逼人的情况下使用的。)”可知此处指出实际上“请”是在咄咄逼人的情况下使用的，由此可知“请”的使用实际上并不是出于一种礼貌，B项Issaying“please”actuallyrude?(说“请”真的很粗鲁吗？)以问题的形式就“请”的实际使用情景与空后构成一问一答的形式，衔接紧密，符合上下文语境，故选B项。【34题详解】根据空后“Here’swhatthestudyfound:whenaskingsomeonetostopdoingwhatthey’redoinganddowhattheaskerwantsinstead,suchasinterruptingacolleagueatworktoaskforhelpwithyourprojectoryourchildaskingformorecandyafteryou’vealreadysaidno.(研究发现：当要求别人停止正在做的事情，做他想做的事情时，比如打断同事的工作，请求帮助完成你的项目，或者你的孩子在你说不之后要更多的糖果。)”可知，选项承接下文指出了人们人们提使用“请”的场合，F项Sowhenarepeoplemostlikelytouse“please”inrequest-makingsituations?(那么，人们什么时候最有可能在提出请求时使用“请”呢？)以问题的形式引出空后人们最有可能使用“请”的场合，符合上下文语境，故选F项。【35题详解】空前“Cansaying“please”stillbepolite?(说“请”还算礼貌吗？)”的形式是一个问题，C项Technically,yes,aslongasyoudon’toveruseit.(从学术上讲，可以，只要你不要过度使用。)中的yes对空前的问题给出了肯定回答，指出只要不过度使用，说“请”就还是礼貌的，与上文衔接紧密，而且选项中的代词it指代上文的please，符合上下文语境，故选C项。【36题详解】根据空前“Bottomline:Notsaying“please”doesn’tmeanthatyou’rebeingimpolite.(底线：不说“请”并不意味着你不礼貌。)”可知不说“请”并不意味着不礼貌，根据空后“Themostimportantpartofhavinggoodbehaviouristreatingtheotherpersonwithkindnessandrespect,bothinwordanddeed.(良好行为最重要的部分是在言语和行为上以善意和尊重对待他人。)”可知在言语和行为上以善意和尊重对待他人是良好行为的最重要部分，空处承上启下，D项Andsaying“please”doesn’tensurethatyouarebeingpolite.(说“请”并不能保证你是有礼貌的。)指出说“请”并不能保证是有礼貌的，与空前的内容形成对照，同时引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lifeisfullofupsanddowns.Youmustunderstandthatyouwillsometimesfailatthingsanditisokaywhenthat____37____.Wehavebeentaughtthat____38____isreallybad,andwhenwefail,wemustdrownourselvesina(n)____39____moodandfeelhopeless.Thisisanentirelywrongapproach.Youwillfailatmanythingsinlifebutthatwillonly____40____youaboutyourself.Youwillgettolearnaboutyourtrue____41____,thethingsyouaregoodat,andthethingsthatyouarebadat.Wemustlearnto____42____theprocessratherthanrunfromit;onlythenwillwebeabletoachieveourgoalsinlife.Letmetellyoumyearly____43____experienceandhowIfacedfailuresinit.Ihadtroublewithsome____44____.SometimesIwouldgetanF,whichwouldmakemereallyscared.WhatIusedtodowascoveringthose____45____andturnedtheFintoaBjustto____46____myparents,butinrealityitdidn’t____47____.Ilearnedalotafterthat,IknewthatIhadto____48____thatfailureandlearnfromit,andsomethinggoodactuallycamefromit.Istarteddoingbetterwithmygrades,thatFturnedintoaB____49____.Wheneveryoufaceafailure,neverthinkthatyouwon’t____50____fromthis,youmustthinkofwaysto____51____yourself.Failureisthemotherofsuccess,sowemustlearnfromourfailures,notrunfromthem!37.A.disappears B.occurs C.varies D.repeats38.A.anxiety B.depression C.failure D.fault39.A.sad B.angry C.relaxed D.peaceful40.A.interview B.astonish C.tell D.inquire41A.personalities B.qualities C.hobbies D.capabilities42.A.ignore B.welcome C.complete D.share43.A.researching B.working C.teaching D.learning44A.subjects B.relationships C.cooperations D.communications45.A.secrets B.grades C.papers D.items46.A.surprise B.relieve C.thank D.please47.A.carryon B.payoff C.buildup D.workout48.A.accept B.admit C.overlook D.avoid49.A.easily B.instantly C.naturally D.automatically50.A.remove B.recover C.suffer D.shelter51.A.qualify B.defend C.better D.assess【答案】37.B38.C39.A40.C41.D42.B43.D44.A45.B46.D47.D48.A49.C50.B51.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者结合自身经历告诉我们失败是正常的，每当你面对失败时，永远不要认为你不会从中恢复过来，你必须想办法让自己变得更好。我们必须从失败中吸取教训，而不是逃避失败。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你必须明白，有时候你会在一些事情上失败，这没什么大不了的。A.disappears消失；B.occurs发生；C.varies变化；D.repeats重复。根据上文“youwillsometimesfailatthingsanditisokaywhenthat”指失败发生时没什么大不了的。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们被教导失败是非常糟糕的，当我们失败时，我们必须沉浸在悲伤的情绪中，感到绝望。A.anxiety焦虑；B.depression沮丧；C.failure失败；D.fault错误。根据后文“whenwefail”指我们被教导关于失败的事情，故选C。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们被教导失败是非常糟糕的，当我们失败时，我们必须沉浸在悲伤的情绪中，感到绝望。A.sad悲伤的；B.angry生气的；C.relaxed放松的；D.peaceful和平的。根据上文“whenwefail,wemustdrownourselves”可知，失败发生时我们沉浸在悲伤的情绪中，故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活中你会在很多事情上失败，但这会判断你是什么样人。A.interview采访；B.astonish使惊讶；C.tell告诉，判断；D.inquire询问。根据后文“youaboutyourself”可知，在事情上失败会教会你判断自己是什么样的人，故选C。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你会了解到你真正的能力，你擅长什么，不擅长什么。A.personalities个性；B.qualities质量；C.hobbies爱好；D.capabilities能力。根据后文“thethingsyouaregoodat,andthethingsthatyouarebadat”可知，失败会让人了解到自己擅长和不擅长的事物，即能力。故选D。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学会迎接这个过程，而不是逃避它；只有这样，我们才能实现我们的人生目标。A.ignore忽视；B.welcome迎接，欢迎；C.complete完成；D.share分享。根据后文“theprocessratherthanrunfromit”可知，要学会迎接失败的过程，而不是逃避它。故选B。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我告诉你我早期的学习经历以