Unit2SectionB（单元知识清单）学生版

Unit2What’sthematter?单元知识清单必背词汇SectionB必背词汇___________[rɪˈpeə(r)]v.修理___________[ˈbrəʊkən]adj.破损的___________[wiːl]n.轮子___________[ˈletə(r)]n.信件，字母___________[blaɪnd]adj.瞎的___________[def]adj.聋的___________[ˈəʊpən]v.打开adj.开着的___________[ˈkæri]v.拿，提，扛___________[ˈklevə(r)]adj.聪明的___________[ˈdʒɜːni]n.（尤指长途）旅行，行程→___________.v.旅行___________[breɪk]v.打破，折断→___________.adj.破损的，残缺的___________['eɪbl]adj可以的，能够的→___________.n能力→___________.v使能够→___________.adj残疾的___________[ˈdɪfɪkəlti]n.困难，难题→___________adj.困难的→___________.adv.困难地__________[ɪkˈsaɪtɪd]adj.（人）感到激动的，兴奋的→___________.adv.兴奋地→___________.adj.（物）令人感到兴奋的，激动的→___________.n.兴奋，激动___________[ˌʌndərˈstænd]v理解，懂得→___________.adj善解人意的，体谅人的___________[tʃeɪndʒ]v.改变→___________.n.变化→___________.n.零钱重要语块常考句型重要语块常考句型__________________推迟；延迟做某事__________________至少__________________赚许多钱__________________对…担忧__________________在某人空闲时间里__________________为无家可归的人筹钱/募捐__________________与相像；像（有血缘关系）__________________赠送；捐赠__________________修理；修补；解决__________________与……相似__________________停正在做的事去做另件事__________________建立；设立__________________对…有影响__________________我的一个朋友__________________在做某事方面有困难__________________残疾人__________________能够_________________________________使某人有可能做某事__________________发出指令_________________________________课外阅读项目_____________________获得一只经过特殊训练的狗__________________幸运的做某事__________________在…方面很强__________________作为做一名志愿者帮助做某事__________________有空做某事，自由去做某事，任意做..__________________产生良好的效果常考句型常考句型______________________________________________________我做我热爱干的工作同时帮助别人。______________________________________________________你帮助拥有幸运儿对我来说成为可能。______________________________________________________幸运儿对我的生活起重要作用______________________________________________________我喜欢动物并且因过去拥有狗的想法而感到激动。______________________________________________________他提出的办法效果不错。单元写作核心语法单元写作核心语法叙述自己参与的志愿者活动，应聘到某处做志愿者【精讲01词汇】►►►1.repair动词，意为“修理；修补”。Irepairedthekitewithbeautifulflowers.我修好了那个带着漂亮的花的风筝。【辨析】repair、mend与fix三者都有“修理；修补”之意，有时可以通用，但也有区别。用法例句repair对象范围很广，从房屋、道路到日常生活必需品，使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。Whohasrepairedthebrokenlegofthetable?谁把桌子的断腿修好了?mend意思是恢复某物体原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)。一般指较小之物，像鞋子、窗子等。Thisshirtistoooldtomend.这件衣服太旧,不能补了。fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。fixup修理；装饰。fixon选定，确定。Canyoufixthebrokenchair?你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?（2425九年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—Mum,mybikeisbroken.Itrequires________.—Don’tworry.Yourdadwillhaveit________soon.repairing;repaired B．toberepaired;repairing C．torepair;torepair D．repairing;toberepaired►►►2.imaginev.想象；设想(1)作及物动词后加名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语。Weoftenimaginelivinginabighouse我们经常想象住在一所大房子里。Closeyoureyesandimagine(that)you'reintheforest.闭上眼睛，想象你在森林里。(2)作不及物动词Hebecameveryangryafterheknewthetruth.Itisveryeasytoimagine.知道真相后，他很生气。这很容易想象得到。（2025·上海松江·一模）Ican’timagine________withoutmyfavoritebook.A．travel B．totravel C．travelling D．travelled►►►3.carry作动词，意为＂拿；提；扛＂后接名词作宾语。Letmehelpyoucarrythebox.让我来帮你提箱子吧。【易混辨析】bring/take/carry/fetch/get意思例句bring意为“带来，拿来”Pleasebringyourhomeworktoschooltomorrow.take意为“带走，拿走”I'mgoingonatripandI'lltakemycamerawithme.carry意为“搬运，携带；运送”，不强调方向，主要指用手、肩等搬运较重的东西。Hecarriedtheheavyboxupstairs.fetch意为“去取来，去拿来”，相当于“goandbring”，有一个往返的过程。Iaskedhimtofetchsomewater.get意为“去拿来，去得到”，与fetch意思相近，口语中用得较多。Canyougetmeaglassofwater?【图解助记】（2223七年级下·江苏·）Please________theoldboxoutand________thenewonehere.A．bring,take B．take,carry C．bring,carry D．take,bring【精讲02短语】►►►1.fixup意为＂修理；修补＂是由＂动词+副词＂构成的短语动词，名词作宾语可放在短语中间或短语后面。代词作宾语时应置于fix与up之间。Theputerdoesn’twork.Canyoufixitup?这台电脑坏了，你会修理吗?【易混辨析】repair表示使受到一定损坏或失灵的东西恢复其性能或机能，其对象范围很广，从道路、机器到日常用品等mend常表示修补破损的东西，使其恢复原样，一般指较小的物品。如：mendtheshoes/thewindows等1.（2223八年级下·湖北）—Myputerisbroken.—WhynotaskMrSmith________foryou?A．tofixupit B．fixupit C．fixitup D．tofixitup2.（2223八年级上·辽宁营口·期中）Myfather________mybikeat5:00yesterdayafternoon.A．mends B．mended C．ismending D．wasmending►►►2.setup建立；设立【易混辨析】setup与buildsetup意为＂建立，设立，开办＂，后常接某一组织、机构、团体等。build意为＂建造，修建＂，后常接建筑物、机械等。【知识拓展】setup也可意为＂竖立，架起，建起＂。Theyaregoingtosetupabridgebetweenthetwoislands.他们打算在这两个岛之间架起一座桥梁。（2024·江苏无锡·一模）—Hey,buddy,goodnewsforyou.Aspacespecialexhibitionhall_________inourcity.—really?Ican’twaittosee.A．willsetup B．willtakeup C．willbesetup D．willbetakenup►►►3.workout意为＂产生结果；发展；成功＂。Ithinkthatthisinterestingprogramwillworkout.我认为这个有趣的方案将会成功。Theplanworkedoutbadly.计划进行很不成功。（2425九年级上·全国）Withoutyourhelp,Ican’t_______theprobleminsuchashorttime.A．thinkof B．tryout C．giveout D．workout【精讲03句子】►►►1.howtocareforanimals如何照顾动物们＂howtocareforanimals＂是＂疑问词+不定式＂结构作宾语，可以转化成宾语从句howIcancareforanimals。Childrenshouldlearnhowtocarefortheold.孩子们应该学习如何照顾老人。“疑问词+不定式＂结构构成句法作用常见跟此结构作宾语的动词疑问词+不定式疑问代词who，whom,what，which等和疑问副词when，where，how等在句中常作主语、宾语和表语。当此结构作宾语时，可与宾语从句进行同义转换。tell,know,decide,show,ask,consider,discover,explain,learn,understand等。Howtosolvethisproblemisveryimportant.(作主语)Canyoutellmewheretobuythiskindofbook?(作宾语)Thequestionishowtogetthereontime.(作表语)1.（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Daddy,theMiddleAutumnFestivalising.Couldyoupleasetellme________forgrandparents?—Youcanbuysomemooncakes,fruitsandflowersforthem.A．howtobuy B．whattobuy C．wheretobuy D．whentobuy2.（2023·湖北孝感·中考真题）—Safetyisveryimportanttoallofus.—Iagree.Westudentsshouldlearn________ourselvesinthedailylife.A．wheretohold B．whattovisit C．howtoprotect D．whytohelp►►►2.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.你帮助我,使我能够拥有Lucky。make是使役动词，意为＂使；使成为＂，后常跟复合结构，即＂make+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词)＂。putersmakeiteasytolearnEnglish.电脑使英语学习变得容易。it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后置的动词不定式复合结构formetohaveLucky。it作形式宾语的用法当不定式作宾语，且其后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将动词不定式置于句末。WefinditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我们发现学好英语很重要。常跟it作形式宾语的动词有：make/find/feel/consider/think等。1．（2023·四川甘孜·中考真题）Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother__________.A．laughs B．laugh C．tolaugh D．laughing2．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Hefound________veryinterestingtovisitHarbininwinter.A．this B．that C．it【精讲04写作】►►►1.话题分析本单元的话题是“提供帮助和做志愿者”，该话题在中考英语中属于常考范畴。以应用文体裁为主，内容丰富多样。通过本单元深入学习如何生动叙述自己参与过的志愿者活动，详细描述为他人提供的具体帮助。比如，应聘成为特定场所的志愿者时，要清晰阐述自己计划开展的志愿者活动，以及能够为他人或相关机构贡献的切实帮助。本单元着重培养学生三方面的关键能力：一要求学生熟练掌握并精准表达活动的核心要点，让他人能够迅速了解活动的关键信息。二学会撰写结构清晰、内容完整的简单应聘信，在应聘过程中展现自己的优势和诚意。三提升清晰表达自我的能力，能准确、流畅地传达自己的想法和意愿。►►►2.写作提纲►►►3.素材积累短语：_________________帮助做_________________打扫_________________使高兴起来_________________分发食物_________________教学生_________________给出建议_________________制定计划_________________想出_________________在敬老院上班_________________想办法解决_________________照顾_________________决定做_________________放弃_________________在岁时_________________参加选拔_________________尝试做_________________实现______________________学到重要的东西_________________对感兴趣_________________同时_________________自愿去做_________________张贴_________________捐赠_________________因而感谢_________________改变我的生活句型：____________________________________________________________________我想去帮忙打扫市里的公园。____________________________________________________________________我会教孩子们学英语。_______________________________________________________咱们做些通知吧。____________________________________________________________________我想在敬老院做志愿者。_______________________________________________________我喜欢读报给他们听。____________________________________________________________________我们应该倾听他们并且照顾他们。____________________________________________________________________我喜欢小动物想成为一名兽医。____________________________________________________________________我得到强烈的满足感当我看见他们主人脸上的喜悦感。____________________________________________________________________能在这做志愿者，我的梦想实现了。____________________________________________________________________我可以做我喜欢做得去帮助别人。____________________________________________________________________帮助别人能给我们带来快乐。______________________________________________我觉得我们最好____________________________________________________________________在业余时间我喜欢做所以我觉得我擅长这项工作。_______________________________________________我强烈想加入____________________________________________________________________我想在你们的团队里做一名志愿者。（2425八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）国际动物救助中心“InternationalAnimalHelpers”(IAH)正在招募志愿者。请你根据以下信息，帮助李华写一封英文申请信，加入国际动物救助中心。InternationalAnimalHelpersApplicationformName:LiHuaSchool:MoonlightMiddleSchoolGrade:8Hobbies:喜欢动物、对DIY很着迷、打雪仗Abilities:knowalotaboutanimals;Personality:…(至少写两点)Hope:…(自由发挥)Telephonenumber:01055586777注意：1.词数90左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.文中应包括所给内容要点，可适当发择，使文章连贯；3.文中不得出现考生的真实姓名、校名等信息。DearChairperson,IwouldliketojointheInternationalAnimalHelpers.First,letmeintroducemyself.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Youcancallmeon01055586777oremailmeatlihua@163.Yourssincerely,LiHua（2425八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）泰州动物园将在寒假期间招募志愿者，假设你是李平，请根据招募要求写一封自荐信。内容如下：1.你喜欢什么动物；2.你的个性和业余爱好；3.做一名志愿者的计划。写作要求：1.根据提示，内容自拟，要求表达清晰，过渡合理，衔接自然，可适当拓展；2.不得使用真实的班级、人名等相关信息；3.词数100左右。Dearsir.I’mLiPingfromSunshineMiddleSchool.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiPing（2425八年级上·四川成都·期末）上周你校英语广播站登了一则英文广告“StudentHelperWanted”，你想去应聘此项工作。请结合广告内容给编辑写一封自荐信。StudentHelperWanted!TheEnglishStudyCenterneedsaweekendstudenthelperforprimaryschoolstudents.Youmust:·beamiddleschoolstudent·havegoodgradesinEnglish·begoodwithchildren·beoutgoingCalltheEnglishStudyCenterat4435667formoreinformation.要求：1）信的格式已给出。文中不得出现真实人名、校名等信息；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3）词数：80100。DearSirorMadam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（2025九年级·湖南）假设你叫李明，你打算利用寒假前往农村地区开展帮助儿童学习英语的志愿者活动。请根据以下思维导图内容提示给学校英语俱乐部写一封信，申请参加此次活动。注意：（1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。（2）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。（3）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。DearSir/Madam,IhaveheardthattheschoolEnglishclubneedssomevolunteerstohelpchildreninruralareasintheingwinterholiday.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiMing（2425八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）假如你是阳光中学八年级的Lucy，一直对自然保护深感兴趣，得知扎龙自然保护区正在招募志愿者，你非常渴望加入。请你写一封申请信，须包含以下要点：1.对扎龙自然保护区的了解位于中国东北黑龙江省；世界最主要的湿地之一；包括丹顶鹤在内的一些珍稀鸟类家园；2.自身优势性格外向；责任心强；良好的沟通能力；3.申请理由愿意数鸟并对其进行描述；帮助人们了解湿地的重要性。参考词汇：advantage优点；outgoing性格外向的；haveastrongsenseofresponsibility责任心强；municatewith与……交流；要求：1.内容须包含所有要点，可适当发挥；2.条理清晰，语句通顺，书写工整；3.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；4.字数:90字左右。DearSir/Madam,I’mLucy,aneighthgraderfromSunshineMiddleSchool.I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteeratZhalongNatureReserve.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IearnestlyhopeIcanbeaccepted.Yourssincerely,Lucy（2024·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.表达感激和希望注意：（1）词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。DearSir/Madam.I’mLiHua,astudentstudyinginLondon.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（2023·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）假如你是李华，在报纸上看到了有关广州遭受台风袭击的新闻报道后，为学校宣传栏“英语天地”写一封倡议信。内容包括：1.倡议的原因：2.倡议的内容（筹款、指衣物、充当志愿者等）；3.发出倡议。注意：1．词数80100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．短文需包括所给内容信息，可以适当增加维节，以使行文连贯。3．在文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实姓名和校名。Dearfellowstudents,Guangzhouwashitbyatyphoonon14August._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________